troubleshooting

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an application that runs on EC2 instances behind an ALB. Users report intermittent 503 errors. The administrator checks the ALB access logs and finds entries with 'elb_status_code' 503 and 'target_status_code' '-'. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues between an Amazon EC2 instance in a VPC and an on-premises data center connected via AWS Direct Connect. The EC2 instance can reach other instances in the same VPC but cannot reach the on-premises network. The virtual private gateway (VGW) is attached to the VPC and the Direct Connect virtual interface is up. Which configuration step should the administrator verify first?

A company runs an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance in us-east-1. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a disaster recovery solution that can recover from a regional outage with a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of less than 1 second and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of less than 1 minute. Which solution should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator receives an alarm that an EC2 instance's status check has failed. The instance is part of an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The administrator needs to ensure that the instance is automatically replaced and that the root cause is investigated. What is the MOST efficient combination of actions to achieve this?

An administrator runs the above CloudWatch command to analyze CPU utilization for an EC2 instance. The instance is currently running with a t3.large instance type. The company wants to optimize costs. Based on the data, which action should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator receives a notification that an EC2 instance's status check has failed. The instance is part of an Auto Scaling group. What is the immediate impact on the application?

A SysOps Administrator attempted to update a CloudFormation stack. The stack update failed and is now in UPDATE_ROLLBACK_IN_PROGRESS state as shown in the exhibit. What should the administrator do to recover the stack to a stable state?

A company has the following S3 bucket policy attached to a bucket named 'example-bucket'. A user is unable to download an object from the bucket using an HTTP URL (not HTTPS). What is the cause?

A company has a production DynamoDB table with on-demand capacity. They need to ensure business continuity with a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 5 minutes and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 1 hour in case of a regional outage. What is the MOST cost-effective solution?

A company runs a critical web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer across three Availability Zones. The application stores session data in an RDS MySQL database. To improve reliability, the company wants to ensure that a single Availability Zone failure does not impact the application's availability. Which combination of actions should the SysOps administrator take?

A company wants to audit all API calls made in their AWS account for security analysis. They need to record both management events and data events. Which THREE steps should be taken to set up comprehensive logging? (Choose THREE.)

A company is using an Auto Scaling group with a dynamic scaling policy based on average CPU utilization. The SysOps administrator notices that the scaling is not triggering as expected. Which THREE steps should the administrator take to troubleshoot the issue?

A company runs a stateful web application on a single Amazon EC2 instance. The application stores session state in memory and writes critical data to an Amazon EBS volume. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a highly available architecture that can tolerate an Availability Zone (AZ) failure. The administrator plans to use an Auto Scaling group and an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Which combination of steps is required to make the application highly available while preserving session and data durability across AZ failures?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance running a web server is not reachable from the internet. The instance has a public IP and is in a public subnet. The security group allows HTTP and HTTPS from 0.0.0.0/0. The network ACL allows all inbound and outbound traffic. What should the administrator check NEXT?

A SysOps administrator notices that an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance's CPU utilization is consistently above 80% during business hours. The administrator wants to identify the queries causing the high load without impacting performance. Which action should be taken?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application is behind an Application Load Balancer. The company wants to ensure that the application can handle a sudden spike in traffic without downtime. What should the SysOps administrator do?

A SysOps administrator maintains an AWS CloudFormation stack that deploys an Amazon EC2 instance. The administrator needs to change the instance type from t2.micro to t3.micro. The administrator wants to review the proposed changes before applying them to ensure no unexpected resource replacement occurs. Which CloudFormation feature should the administrator use?

A company's security team requires that all Amazon S3 buckets are encrypted at rest using server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3). A SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect any S3 bucket that does not have encryption enabled and automatically apply SSE-S3 encryption. The solution should leverage AWS managed services and minimize custom code. Which combination of AWS services should be used?

A SysOps administrator is investigating a performance issue with an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL instance. The administrator has enabled Performance Insights. Which TWO metrics from Performance Insights can help identify the root cause of a sudden increase in database load? (Choose TWO.)

A company is using Amazon CloudFront to deliver content from an S3 bucket. The SysOps administrator wants to restrict access so that only CloudFront can access the S3 bucket. Which TWO steps should be taken?

A company uses a centralized logging solution with Amazon OpenSearch Service. The log volume has grown significantly, increasing costs. The logs are retained for 90 days for compliance, but only the last 30 days are frequently accessed. Which combination of actions would reduce costs without compromising compliance?

A company has a fleet of EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The security team requires that all traffic to the instances be encrypted in transit. Currently, the ALB terminates HTTPS and forwards HTTP to the instances. The security team wants to ensure that the traffic between the ALB and the instances is also encrypted. What should the SysOps administrator do to meet this requirement with minimal changes?

A company uses AWS CodeDeploy to deploy a web application to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment fails with the error 'The overall deployment failed because too many individual instances failed deployment, too few healthy instances are available for deployment, or some instances in your deployment group are experiencing problems.' The deployment group has a minimum of 2 healthy instances. The Auto Scaling group has 4 instances. What should the SysOps administrator check first?

A SysOps administrator is designing a VPC with public and private subnets. The private subnets need to access the internet for software updates. Which THREE components are required to achieve this?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all S3 buckets in the account are logged to CloudTrail for data events. The administrator enables CloudTrail with data events for S3 and selects 'All buckets' in the current account. However, after a week, they notice that some buckets are not being logged. What is the most likely reason?

A company runs a stateless web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The SysOps Administrator needs to ensure the application can withstand the loss of an entire Availability Zone. Which THREE steps should be taken? (Choose THREE.)

A company is designing a disaster recovery strategy for a production RDS for MySQL database. The database is currently single-AZ. The recovery point objective (RPO) is 1 hour, and the recovery time objective (RTO) is 15 minutes. Which steps should the SysOps administrator take to meet these requirements? (Choose THREE.)

A SysOps administrator needs to create a VPC with both public and private subnets. The public subnet will host a NAT gateway and a bastion host. The private subnet will host application servers that need outbound internet access for updates. Which routing configuration should the administrator implement?

A company stores sensitive data in an RDS database. Which AWS service should be used to encrypt the database at rest?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application uses an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance. The SysOps administrator notices that during a recent failover test, the application became unresponsive for several minutes. The administrator wants to improve the application's resilience during failover. Which three actions should the administrator take? (Choose THREE.)

A company requires that all users in an AWS account must authenticate with multi-factor authentication (MFA) before they can perform any actions on Amazon EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator needs to implement this requirement using IAM policies. Which IAM policy condition key should be used to enforce MFA?

A company uses Amazon S3 to store sensitive customer data. A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that any S3 bucket that is incorrectly configured to allow public read access is automatically remediated within five minutes. The administrator wants to use native AWS services with minimal custom code. Which solution should be used?

An environment has 12 individual CloudWatch metric alarms covering CPU, memory, disk, and network. When one instance degrades, all 12 alarms fire simultaneously and send 12 separate notifications to the on-call engineer. The team wants a single notification per incident regardless of how many individual alarms trigger. What CloudWatch feature addresses this?

A company needs to monitor the CPU and memory utilization of its EC2 instances. Which TWO services can be used to collect and visualize these metrics?

An application runs on c5.xlarge EC2 instances 24 hours a day, 7 days a week in us-east-1. The workload is stable and will not change instance type for at least 12 months. The team wants to reduce compute costs by 30 to 40 percent compared to On-Demand pricing. Which purchasing option achieves this with the lowest financial risk?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a web application across multiple AWS Regions for disaster recovery. The application uses Amazon RDS for MySQL and requires a secondary database in a different Region. What is the MOST cost-effective and automated solution to keep the databases synchronized?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The operations team wants to be notified when a stack update fails. What is the simplest way to achieve this?

A team uses AWS CodeDeploy with a deployment configuration of CodeDeployDefault.OneAtATime to deploy a web application to an Auto Scaling group. Instances are behind an Application Load Balancer. The deployment fails with 'The overall deployment failed because too many individual instances failed deployment.' What is the most likely cause?

A company runs a fleet of EC2 instances in a production environment. The instances are part of an Auto Scaling group that uses a launch template with a m5.large instance type. The company's SysOps administrator notices that the instances are often over-provisioned, with average CPU utilization below 20% for the past month. The administrator wants to reduce costs without affecting application performance. The application is stateless and can handle temporary performance degradation. Which action should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator notices that the monthly bill for Amazon S3 has increased significantly. The company uses S3 for storing application logs and user uploads. The logs are accessed rarely but must be retained for 3 years. User uploads are accessed frequently for the first 30 days, then rarely after. Which S3 lifecycle policy will optimize storage costs?

A company uses AWS CodePipeline to automate the deployment of a web application. The pipeline consists of a source stage (AWS CodeCommit) and a deploy stage (AWS CodeDeploy) that deploys to an Auto Scaling group. The SysOps administrator needs to add a stage to run automated unit tests before the deployment proceeds. The tests must be executed in an isolated environment, and if they fail, the pipeline must stop and notify the development team. Which action should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator wants to monitor the CPU utilization of an Amazon RDS instance and receive an alert if it exceeds 90% for 5 consecutive minutes. Which TWO AWS services are required to set up this monitoring? (Choose TWO.)

A SysOps administrator wants to be alerted when an EC2 instance's status check fails. The instance is part of an Auto Scaling group. What is the BEST approach?

A company is using AWS Lambda functions to process events from Amazon S3. The functions are invoked several thousand times per minute. The SysOps administrator notices that the functions are taking longer to execute during peak times. Which action should the administrator take to improve performance?

An organization uses AWS CloudFormation to manage its infrastructure. The SysOps administrator is implementing a change management process that requires all stack updates to be reviewed and approved before execution. The administrator wants to use CloudFormation change sets to preview changes. Which THREE steps are necessary to implement this process? (Choose THREE.)

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance cannot be accessed via SSH from the internet. The security group allows inbound SSH (port 22) from 0.0.0.0/0. The network ACL (NACL) for the subnet has an inbound rule allowing SSH from 0.0.0.0/0. What else could be blocking access?

An organization needs to encrypt data in transit between an Amazon EC2 instance and an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Which THREE actions should be taken?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront to serve content from an S3 bucket. The bucket is configured as an origin with Origin Access Control (OAC). Users report that they can access the content via CloudFront but also directly via the S3 bucket URL. How can the company restrict direct access to the S3 bucket?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in a private subnet. The application needs to connect to an RDS database in a different VPC. The VPCs are peered. The SysOps Administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues. The RDS security group allows inbound traffic from the EC2 security group, but connections still fail. What could be the issue?

A CloudFormation template launches an EC2 instance with the user data script shown. The instance launches successfully but the web server does not serve PHP pages. What is the MOST likely reason?

A company runs a critical e-commerce application on Amazon ECS with Fargate launch type, fronted by an Application Load Balancer. The application uses an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster for session state and an Amazon RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ database for persistent data. Recently, during a deployment of a new service version, the application became unresponsive for 15 minutes. The SysOps administrator discovered that the deployment updated the task definition with a new environment variable that pointed to an incorrect ElastiCache endpoint. The ECS service was configured with a rolling update, minimum healthy percent of 50%, and maximum percent of 200%. After the deployment, all tasks failed health checks due to a connection timeout to the wrong Redis endpoint. What is the MOST effective way to prevent this issue in future deployments?

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple accounts. The security team needs a centralized view of all API calls made across all accounts. Which solution should the SysOps administrator implement?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an EC2 instance that is unresponsive. The administrator can SSH into the instance but finds that the CloudWatch agent is not sending custom metrics. The CloudWatch agent configuration file is at '/opt/aws/amazon-cloudwatch-agent/etc/amazon-cloudwatch-agent.json'. What should the administrator check first?

A company runs a critical application on an EC2 instance that stores data on an EBS volume. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a backup strategy that provides the ability to restore the volume to a specific point in time within the last 24 hours, with a recovery time objective (RTO) of less than 15 minutes. Which solution meets these requirements?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU utilization of an Amazon EC2 instance and receive an email notification when the metric exceeds 90% for 5 consecutive minutes. The solution should use the least operational overhead. Which combination of AWS services should be used?

A company has a web application running on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences latency spikes during peak hours. Amazon CloudWatch metrics show that CPU and memory are not fully utilized. The SysOps administrator suspects the bottleneck is the database. The database is an RDS for MySQL instance. Which action should the administrator take to improve performance without over-provisioning?

An organization has a requirement to automatically scale its web application based on a custom metric that measures the number of active user sessions stored in Amazon ElastiCache. The metric is published to CloudWatch every minute. The Auto Scaling group currently uses a simple scaling policy based on CPU utilization. What is the most effective way to implement scaling based on this custom metric?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The SysOps administrator notices that the application's response time is increasing during peak hours. The administrator wants to set up a CloudWatch dashboard that displays the average latency of requests across all instances and the number of healthy hosts. Which metrics should be used?

A company requires all S3 uploads to use server-side encryption with a specific customer managed KMS key. What is the most direct enforcement mechanism?

A company runs a critical production database on Amazon RDS for MySQL with Multi-AZ deployment. The SysOps administrator needs to be automatically notified when a failover event occurs, and also capture the exact time and reason for the failover for compliance purposes. Which AWS service or feature should be used to capture the failover event details with the least operational overhead?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU utilization of an EC2 instance and receive an alert when it exceeds 80% for 10 consecutive minutes. Which AWS service should be used to configure this monitoring and alerting?

A company runs a batch processing job on Amazon EC2 instances that runs for 3 hours each night. The job can be interrupted and can resume from the last checkpoint without data loss. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs for this workload. Which Amazon EC2 purchasing option should be used?

An application running on EC2 instances sends custom metrics to CloudWatch using the PutMetricData API. The SysOps admin notices that some metrics are missing from the CloudWatch console. What is the most likely cause?

Refer to the exhibit. A security group is attached to an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that serves HTTPS traffic on port 443. Users can access the application via HTTPS. However, the ALB's health checks to targets on port 80 are failing. What is the reason?

A company wants to allow an external auditor to assume an IAM role in their AWS account to review resources. What is the minimum information the auditor needs from the company to do this?

A company uses Amazon S3 to store critical data. The SysOps administrator needs to protect against accidental deletion of objects. Which combination of actions should the administrator take? (Choose the best answer.)

A company wants to receive alerts when their monthly AWS spending exceeds $1,000. Which AWS service should be used?

A company wants to monitor the number of messages in an Amazon SQS queue and scale the number of EC2 instance consumers based on queue depth. Which combination of AWS services should be used?

A company runs a file-sharing application on AWS. Users upload files to an S3 bucket, which triggers a Lambda function to process the files and store metadata in a DynamoDB table. Recently, users have reported that some uploaded files are never processed. The SysOps Administrator checks the CloudWatch logs and finds no errors from the Lambda function. The S3 bucket is configured to send events to the Lambda function. The DynamoDB table has sufficient write capacity. The administrator suspects that the event notifications are being lost. Which action should the SysOps Administrator take to ensure that every file upload triggers a Lambda function and that the function processes the file successfully?

A company is deploying a new web application using AWS Elastic Beanstalk. The application requires a custom Amazon Machine Image (AMI) with specific software pre-installed. The SysOps administrator creates a custom AMI and configures Elastic Beanstalk to use it. However, during deployment, the instances fail to pass the health check. The health check endpoint is a simple 'index.html' file. What is the MOST likely cause?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a new version of a web application to Amazon EC2 instances using AWS Elastic Beanstalk. The administrator wants to deploy the new version with zero downtime and validate the new version before routing production traffic to it. Which deployment policy should be used?

Which TWO AWS services can be used to improve the security of a VPC? (Choose TWO.)

An organization requires that all Amazon S3 buckets be encrypted at rest by default. A SysOps administrator needs to enforce this using AWS Config. Which AWS Config managed rule should be used?

A company has a production Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance in a single Availability Zone. The SysOps administrator needs to improve database availability to ensure automatic failover in the event of a database failure or an Availability Zone outage. Which configuration should the administrator enable?

A SysOps administrator wants to automate the creation of an AWS Lambda function and its associated IAM role using infrastructure as code. Which AWS service should be used?

A company is designing a disaster recovery plan for its on-premises database. They need to replicate the database to AWS with low latency. Which AWS service should they use?

A company uses Amazon Route 53 for DNS resolution. The company wants to ensure that if a web server becomes unhealthy, traffic is automatically routed to a healthy server in another Availability Zone. Which routing policy should be used?

A company has a production environment with multiple EC2 instances that send logs to CloudWatch Logs. The operations team wants to search across all log groups for a specific error pattern. What is the most efficient way to achieve this?

Which TWO are valid methods to secure traffic between a client and an Application Load Balancer?

A SysOps administrator manages an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that distributes traffic to an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances. The administrator needs to receive a notification whenever the number of unhealthy targets in the ALB target group exceeds a threshold of 2 for at least 5 consecutive minutes. Which solution meets this requirement with the least operational overhead?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. A SysOps admin wants to receive a notification when a stack update fails. Which approach is the most efficient?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the command to find 'CreateKeyPair' events in January 2023 but gets an empty list. The administrator knows that key pairs were created during that time. What is the most likely reason?

A SysOps administrator needs to implement a backup strategy for an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL database. The database is 500 GB and experiences heavy write traffic. Which solution provides the most cost-effective backup with the least impact on database performance?

A company runs a critical application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The application requires very low latency and high availability. The SysOps administrator notices that the application experiences increased latency during traffic spikes even though the Auto Scaling group is scaling out. Which solution would MOST effectively reduce latency?

A company has an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an S3 bucket as origin. The bucket contains sensitive data. Which configuration ensures that users access the content only through CloudFront and not directly via the S3 URL?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances with Elastic Load Balancing. They notice that costs are higher than expected. What is the MOST cost-effective way to optimize costs while maintaining high availability?

A company is designing a disaster recovery plan for its critical applications. The plan must minimize data loss and recovery time. Which TWO measures should the SysOps administrator implement?

A company has deployed a web application behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) across multiple Availability Zones. Users in some regions report slow page load times. Which action should the SysOps Administrator take to improve performance for all users?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances that run 24/7. The application has a predictable and steady load. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs while ensuring the required capacity is always available. Which purchasing option should be used?

A company stores application logs in Amazon S3. The logs are rarely accessed after the first 30 days, but must be retained for 7 years for compliance. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize storage costs while ensuring logs are available for retrieval within 12 hours if needed. Which S3 lifecycle configuration is the most cost-effective?

A company has a VPC with a public subnet and a private subnet. An Amazon EC2 instance in the private subnet needs to download security patches from the internet, but the instance must not be directly accessible from the internet. The SysOps administrator configured a NAT gateway in the public subnet and added a route in the private subnet's route table pointing 0.0.0.0/0 to the NAT gateway. The instance's security group allows all outbound traffic. However, the instance still cannot reach the internet. What is the most likely missing configuration?

A SysOps administrator updates a CloudFormation stack to change the EC2 instance type from t2.micro to t3.medium. The update fails with the error shown. What is the MOST likely cause?

A company is running a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. They want to ensure that if an entire Availability Zone fails, the application remains available. Which configuration should they implement?

A company wants to visualize the geographic distribution of failed login attempts to their web application. The application runs on EC2 instances behind an ALB. They have access logs enabled for the ALB. Which service should be used to create the visualization?

A SysOps administrator is designing a highly available architecture for a web application using an Application Load Balancer (ALB) with EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. Which TWO configurations are required to ensure high availability? (Choose TWO.)

A company's security policy requires that all Amazon EC2 instances must have a specific tag 'Environment' with a value of either 'Production' or 'Development'. The SysOps administrator needs to detect any instance that is missing this tag or has an invalid value, and automatically email the operations team. Which AWS service should be used to achieve this with the least operational overhead?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that an EC2 instance automatically recovers from an underlying hardware failure. Which action should be taken?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances. The application logs are sent to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The SysOps administrator needs to monitor the logs for an increasing number of HTTP 500 errors. The administrator wants to create a metric filter that will count the number of lines containing 'HTTP 500' in the log group. Which syntax should the administrator use for the metric filter pattern?

A SysOps administrator is setting up monitoring for an application that runs on Amazon ECS with Fargate launch type. The application's performance degrades when memory utilization exceeds 80%. The administrator wants to receive a notification when memory usage approaches this threshold. What should the administrator do?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application experiences intermittent 502 errors. The SysOps administrator checks the ALB access logs and sees that the error occurs when the target group has 'unhealthy' targets. What is the MOST likely cause of the 502 errors?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The database is an RDS MySQL instance with Multi-AZ enabled. The application experiences intermittent 5xx errors that correlate with database failover events. What is the MOST likely cause and solution?

A company's security policy requires that IAM users rotate their access keys every 90 days. The SysOps administrator must automatically identify users whose access keys are older than 90 days and notify the security team. Which combination of AWS services should be used to meet this requirement with the least operational overhead?

An application running on EC2 instances sends large amounts of data to an S3 bucket. The SysOps administrator wants to reduce data transfer costs while ensuring the traffic stays within AWS. What is the most cost-effective solution?

A company has a VPC with multiple subnets. An EC2 instance in a public subnet needs to communicate with an RDS database in a private subnet. The RDS security group allows inbound traffic from the EC2 instance's security group. However, the EC2 instance cannot connect. What is the most likely cause?

Which TWO actions should a SysOps administrator take to ensure high availability of a web application running on EC2 instances? (Choose two.)

A company wants to securely store secrets such as database credentials and API keys used by applications running on Amazon EC2. Which AWS service should be used to manage and rotate these secrets automatically?

Refer to the exhibit. An IAM policy allows a user to run instances only of type t2.micro. What happens when the user tries to run a t2.small instance?

A company uses Amazon MQ (RabbitMQ) for messaging between microservices. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure the message broker is highly available with automatic failover and no data loss. Which deployment mode should be used?

A company is using Amazon CloudFront to distribute content globally. The origin is an S3 bucket. The SysOps administrator notices that cache hit ratio is low. Which configuration change would MOST improve the cache hit ratio?

A company is using Amazon CloudFront to serve static content from an S3 bucket. They want to restrict access so that only CloudFront can access the S3 bucket. How should this be configured?

A SysOps administrator needs to audit all changes to IAM policies in an AWS account. Which AWS service should be used to record these changes?

A company is using AWS CloudFormation to manage infrastructure. They have a stack that creates an EC2 instance and an Elastic IP. The instance is in a VPC with an internet gateway. The stack creation succeeds, but the instance does not have internet connectivity. What is the most likely cause?

A company runs a critical application on Amazon EC2 instances with data stored on Amazon EBS volumes. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a backup strategy that supports point-in-time recovery with a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 1 hour and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 4 hours. Which solution meets these requirements with the least operational overhead?

A SysOps administrator notices that an Amazon EC2 instance's CPU utilization is consistently above 90% during business hours. The instance is part of an Auto Scaling group with a simple scaling policy based on average CPU utilization. However, the Auto Scaling group is not launching new instances. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator is tasked with encrypting data at rest for an Amazon S3 bucket that stores sensitive customer information. The company requires that the encryption keys be managed by AWS and rotated automatically. Which encryption solution meets these requirements?

A SysOps administrator notices that an EC2 instance's CPU utilization is consistently above 90% during business hours. The instance is part of an Auto Scaling group with a scaling policy based on average CPU utilization. Despite high utilization, no scaling events are triggered. What is the most likely cause?

Drag and drop the steps to troubleshoot an unhealthy target in an Application Load Balancer target group into the correct order.

A company wants to automatically remediate an Amazon EC2 instance that becomes unresponsive by rebooting it. The solution should use AWS managed services to minimize custom code. Which combination should a SysOps administrator use? (Choose TWO.)

A company is using AWS CloudFormation to deploy a stack that includes an Amazon RDS DB instance. The database password is stored in AWS Secrets Manager. The CloudFormation template references the secret using a dynamic reference. However, the stack creation fails with an error that the secret cannot be retrieved. What is the most likely cause?

A company runs a critical application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application stores data on an Amazon EBS volume. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a backup strategy that ensures data can be recovered in the event of an AZ failure. Which TWO actions should be taken? (Choose TWO.)

Which TWO of the following are features of Amazon Route 53? (Select TWO.)

A SysOps administrator reviews the CloudWatch metric data for an EC2 instance. The instance runs a web application that experiences high traffic between 12:00 and 14:00 UTC daily. The administrator wants to optimize costs while maintaining performance. What should the administrator do?

An administrator deploys a CloudFormation template that includes the snippet shown in the exhibit. Later, the administrator deletes the stack. What happens to the S3 bucket?

A company has a web application behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) with sticky sessions enabled. The ALB's target group contains EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. After a deployment, users report that they are being logged out frequently. What is the most likely cause?

Which THREE AWS services can be used to improve security and performance for a web application that uses an Application Load Balancer? (Select three.)

Instances in a private subnet need outbound internet access for software updates. The route table sends 0.0.0.0/0 to a NAT gateway, but updates fail. Which condition should you check first?

A company uses AWS CodeDeploy to deploy applications to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment fails with the error: 'The overall deployment failed because too many individual instances failed deployment, too few healthy instances are available for deployment, or some instances in your deployment group are experiencing problems.' The SysOps administrator checks the deployment logs and finds that the application installation script exits with a non-zero exit code. What is the MOST likely cause?

A company runs a stateless web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group with a minimum of 2 and maximum of 10 instances. The instances are behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the application can survive the failure of an entire AWS Availability Zone (AZ) in the region. Which configuration is necessary?

Which TWO actions should a SysOps administrator take to improve the availability and reduce latency for a web application hosted on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer?

A company is running a stateful web application on a single EC2 instance in a public subnet. The instance stores user sessions locally. The company wants to improve availability without rewriting the application. Which design should they use?

A company uses CloudWatch Logs to monitor application logs. The SysOps administrator wants to search for specific error patterns across multiple log groups. Which THREE AWS services can be used to achieve this?

A company runs a batch processing job on Amazon EMR every night. The job runs for 6 hours and requires a cluster of 20 m5.xlarge instances. The company wants to reduce costs while ensuring the job completes on time. Which solution is MOST cost-effective?

A team of developers is deploying a new microservice that uses Amazon DynamoDB as its data store. The SysOps administrator must ensure that the application can handle a sudden spike in read traffic without throttling. Which DynamoDB feature can be used to automatically handle increases in read capacity?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the disk space usage on an EC2 instance running Windows Server. Which actions are required to collect this metric? (Select TWO.)

A SysOps administrator is setting up monitoring for an RDS MySQL database. The administrator needs to be notified when the database connection count exceeds 100. Which steps should be taken to achieve this? (Choose TWO.)

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor Amazon EC2 instances for disk space usage. Disk space metrics are not available by default in Amazon CloudWatch. The administrator wants to collect disk space metrics from all EC2 instances across multiple AWS accounts and aggregate them in a single CloudWatch dashboard. Which combination of steps should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU utilization of an Amazon EC2 instance and send an alert when it exceeds 90% for 5 consecutive minutes. Which combination of AWS services should the administrator use to meet this requirement?

A company runs a web application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that operate 24/7 with a steady and predictable load. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs while ensuring the required capacity is always available. Which EC2 purchasing option should the administrator use?

A company wants to receive an alert when its AWS spending exceeds $5,000 in a month. The SysOps administrator needs to set up a proactive alert that monitors actual costs. Which AWS service should be used?

A company uses S3 to store critical data. They need to ensure that data can be recovered in the event of accidental deletion or overwriting by users. Which combination of actions should they take?

A SysOps administrator is automating the deployment of a web application using AWS CloudFormation. The application requires an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and an Auto Scaling group. The administrator wants to ensure that the Auto Scaling group registers instances with the ALB automatically. Which of the following are required? (Choose TWO.)

A company needs to restrict access to an S3 bucket so that only users from a specific VPC can read objects. Which THREE configurations are required?

A company has two VPCs in different AWS regions (us-east-1 and eu-west-1) that are peered. Applications in both VPCs need to communicate using private IP addresses. The ping tests are successful, but the latency is significantly higher than expected. Which change is most likely to improve the latency between the VPCs?

A SysOps administrator is designing a disaster recovery plan for a web application that runs on EC2 instances with data stored in an RDS MySQL database. The application requires a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 5 minutes and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 1 hour. Which solution meets these requirements most cost-effectively?

A company has two Amazon VPCs (VPC-A and VPC-B) in the same AWS Region with non-overlapping CIDR blocks. The SysOps administrator needs to establish private IP connectivity between the two VPCs with high throughput and minimal cost. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor memory utilization on an Amazon EC2 instance. Memory metrics are not available by default in Amazon CloudWatch for EC2 instances. Which action should the administrator take to collect memory utilization metrics?

A company has a VPC with an IPv4 CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/16. They need to add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and ensure that EC2 instances can communicate over IPv6. Which step is necessary?

A SysOps administrator is managing a fleet of EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The instances are behind an Application Load Balancer. The administrator notices that the 'SurgeQueueLength' metric for the ALB is frequently high. What does this indicate, and what is the BEST remediation action?

A SysOps administrator wants to receive alerts when the estimated charges for an AWS account exceed a certain threshold. Which AWS service should be used?

A company uses AWS Key Management Service (KMS) to encrypt data in S3. The security team wants to ensure that only a specific IAM role can decrypt objects in a particular S3 bucket. Which of the following is the MOST effective way to achieve this?

An organization needs to enforce that all Amazon EC2 instances launched in a specific AWS account are created from a baseline Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that includes required security patches. The AMI ID is ami-0abcdef1234567890. What is the MOST efficient way to enforce this requirement?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a stack that includes an Amazon RDS DB instance with automated backups enabled. The stack is deleted and then recreated. The administrator wants to restore data from the backup of the original DB instance. How can this be achieved?

A company runs a stateless web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application is deployed in an Auto Scaling group with a minimum of 2 and maximum of 10 instances. During a traffic spike, the Auto Scaling group launches new instances, but the new instances are immediately marked as unhealthy by the ALB and terminated. What could be the cause? (Choose TWO.)

A company runs a critical web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application uses session stickiness (sticky sessions) to maintain user sessions. The SysOps administrator notices that when instances are replaced during a scale-in or failure event, users lose their session data. The administrator needs to preserve session data across instance failures without losing stickiness benefits. What should the administrator do?

A company uses Amazon Route 53 for DNS. They want to ensure that if the primary web server fails, traffic is automatically routed to a secondary server in another region. Which routing policy should be used?

A company is using AWS Organizations with SCPs to restrict access to services. The security team wants to ensure that no IAM user can create access keys, but the SCP is not working as expected. What is the most likely cause?

A company runs a critical production database on Amazon RDS for MySQL with a Multi-AZ deployment. The database experiences a primary instance failure. The SysOps administrator needs to understand exactly how the failover process worked and why the application experienced a longer-than-expected downtime. Which AWS service or feature should the administrator use to review detailed events and actions during the failover?

A company has a production RDS for PostgreSQL instance. They need to recover from a logical corruption that occurred 2 hours ago. Which recovery method will minimize data loss?

A SysOps administrator is implementing an automated backup solution for Amazon RDS databases. The solution must support point-in-time recovery and cross-region disaster recovery. Which TWO AWS services or features should be used?

Refer to the exhibit. A company has a CloudTrail trail in us-east-1 that logs events for that region only. The company operates in multiple regions and wants to ensure all API calls from all regions are logged. What is the most efficient way to achieve this?

A company has a production RDS for PostgreSQL instance with Multi-AZ enabled. During a recent failover test, the application experienced a 5-minute downtime. The company requires that failover be completed within 2 minutes. Which action should be taken to meet this requirement?

A SysOps administrator manages a web application hosted on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application uses sticky sessions (session affinity) based on cookies. Recently, the development team deployed a new version that increases the load time for certain pages. Users report that they are randomly seeing other users' data. The administrator suspects that the sticky session configuration is not working correctly. The ALB target group is configured with stickiness enabled using the AWSALB cookie. What should the administrator do to verify that sticky sessions are being honored?

An application running on Amazon EC2 needs to access an S3 bucket. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that only that specific EC2 instance can access the bucket, without storing any long-term credentials on the instance. What is the most secure way to achieve this?

A company has an application that requires UDP traffic to be distributed across multiple EC2 instances. Which AWS load balancer type should be used?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a set of AWS Lambda functions and an Amazon API Gateway API using infrastructure as code. The administrator wants to manage the deployment across multiple environments (dev, test, prod) with consistent resource configurations. Which AWS service should the administrator use?

A company is using AWS Organizations with multiple accounts. The security team wants to prevent any IAM user from creating access keys for themselves across all accounts. What is the most effective way to enforce this policy?

An administrator needs to grant an IAM user the ability to stop and start EC2 instances, but only for instances tagged with 'Environment:Production'. Which IAM policy element should be used to enforce this condition?

A company manages multiple AWS accounts under AWS Organizations. The SysOps administrator needs to deploy a baseline set of AWS Config rules and an Amazon SNS topic to each account in the organization. The deployment must be centrally managed from the management account and automatically applied to any new member account added in the future. Which solution should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a failed AWS CloudFormation stack creation. The stack includes an Amazon RDS DB instance with a custom DB parameter group. The error message states: 'The following resource(s) failed to create: [DBParameterGroup].' The administrator checks the CloudFormation template and sees that the DBParameterGroup resource has a property 'Parameters' with a list of parameters. What is the MOST likely reason for the failure?

A company uses Amazon CloudWatch Logs to store application logs from EC2 instances. The log volume is 100 GB per day, and logs are retained for 1 year. The SysOps administrator wants to reduce costs while maintaining compliance. Which solution is MOST effective?

A company's compliance team requires that all changes to IAM policies be logged and immediately alerted. Which AWS solution should be used?

A company is using AWS CloudTrail to log API activity. They need to ensure that log files are protected from unauthorized modification and can be used to verify the integrity of log files. Which AWS feature should be enabled?

A company runs a stateful web application on a single Amazon EC2 instance. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a high availability architecture that can tolerate an Availability Zone (AZ) failure. The application stores session state in memory and also writes critical data to an Amazon EBS volume. The administrator wants to use an Auto Scaling group and an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Which combination of steps is required to make the application highly available?

An administrator needs to be notified when the root user signs in to the AWS Management Console. Which method should be used?

A company uses AWS CodePipeline to automate its software release process. The pipeline includes a source stage (Amazon S3), a build stage (AWS CodeBuild), and a deploy stage (AWS CodeDeploy). Recently, a developer committed a change that broke the build. The pipeline failed and the developer fixed the code. The developer wants to rerun the pipeline from the source stage without making another commit. What should the developer do?

A SysOps administrator is monitoring an Amazon ECS cluster running Fargate tasks. The administrator wants to receive a notification when any task fails to start due to insufficient memory. Which combination of actions should be taken? (Choose TWO.)

A SysOps administrator is creating a CloudFormation template to provision an Amazon S3 bucket with versioning enabled and server access logging. Which TWO properties must be configured in the AWS::S3::Bucket resource?

A company uses a Multi-AZ RDS for MySQL instance for its production database. During a maintenance window, the primary instance fails and a failover occurs. However, the application experiences a 5-minute downtime. The application uses a DNS CNAME record pointing to the RDS endpoint. What is the MOST likely cause of the downtime?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront to deliver static content from an S3 bucket. The SysOps administrator wants to restrict access so that only CloudFront can access the S3 bucket. Which solution should be used?

A company wants to monitor the health of its web application running on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Which CloudWatch metric from the ALB can indicate that requests are failing due to server errors?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance running a web server is becoming unresponsive under high load. The administrator has enabled detailed monitoring and set up CPUUtilization alarms. Which THREE additional steps could help diagnose the root cause? (Choose THREE.)

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy its infrastructure. The SysOps administrator needs to be notified if a stack creation fails. Which method is the most efficient way to achieve this?

A web application on EC2 instances behind an ALB experiences increased latency during peak hours. The SysOps administrator notices that the ALB's RequestCount per target is high. What design change should improve performance?

A company has an S3 bucket that contains sensitive customer data. The security team requires that all data in transit to and from the bucket must be encrypted. Which bucket policy condition should be used?

A company uses AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment strategy is set to CodeDeployDefault.HalfAtATime. The lifecycle hooks for the Auto Scaling group include a test hook that runs during instance launch. During a recent deployment, the deployment failed because the new instances failed the test hook and were not marked as healthy. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that failed instances are automatically terminated and replaced with new ones from the Auto Scaling group. Which configuration change should the administrator make?

A company runs a critical web application on Amazon EC2 instances that are part of an Auto Scaling group. The application receives unpredictable traffic spikes. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that when a scale-out event occurs, new instances are ready to serve traffic quickly to minimize latency spikes. Currently, the instance launch and configuration process (including software installs and cache warming) takes about 5 minutes. The administrator wants to reduce the time it takes for new instances to start serving traffic. Which combination of Auto Scaling features should be used?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets across two Availability Zones. An application running on EC2 instances in the private subnets needs to access the internet for updates. Which configuration should be used to provide internet access while minimizing administrative overhead?

A company runs a critical web application on a fleet of EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) across multiple Availability Zones. The application is deployed using AWS Elastic Beanstalk with a rolling update deployment policy. Recently, the development team pushed a new application version that introduced a memory leak. Within minutes, the instances started failing health checks, and Elastic Beanstalk initiated a replacement of the instances. However, during the replacement, the application experienced downtime because the new instances were not passing health checks, and the old instances were already terminated. The SysOps Administrator must modify the deployment to prevent downtime during future failed deployments. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company runs a batch processing job on Amazon EC2 that runs for 2 hours every night. The job can tolerate interruptions and can resume from the last checkpoint. The SysOps administrator needs to minimize compute costs. Which EC2 purchasing option should be used?

A company runs a critical application on an EC2 instance backed by Amazon EBS. To protect against data loss, the company wants to create a backup strategy that allows for point-in-time recovery. Which solution should be used?

A company wants to ensure that an EC2 instance can access an S3 bucket without storing AWS credentials on the instance. What should the SysOps administrator do?

A SysOps administrator receives an alert that an EC2 instance in an Auto Scaling group is unhealthy. The instance fails the EC2 status check. What is the BEST course of action to restore availability automatically?

A company has a CloudFormation stack that creates an Amazon EC2 instance with a user data script that installs software from the internet. The stack creation is failing with a timeout. The SysOps administrator suspects that the user data script is taking too long or failing. How can the administrator configure the stack to wait for the user data script to complete successfully before marking the instance as CREATE_COMPLETE?

A company runs a critical database workload on an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance with Multi-AZ deployment in the us-east-1 region. The SysOps administrator must design a disaster recovery strategy that can recover from a complete regional outage. The Recovery Time Objective (RTO) is 2 hours and the Recovery Point Objective (RPO) is 1 hour. Which solution meets these requirements at the lowest cost?

A SysOps administrator is managing a multi-account AWS environment using AWS Organizations. The security team has mandated that all Amazon S3 buckets across all accounts must be encrypted with SSE-KMS using a centrally managed KMS key. The administrator has created a KMS key in the master account and enabled key rotation. The key policy allows the root user of each member account to use the key. However, users in member accounts report that they cannot upload objects to their S3 buckets with SSE-KMS using the central key, even though they have s3:PutObject permissions. The administrator verifies that the KMS key policy includes the necessary permissions for the member accounts. What should the administrator do to resolve the issue?

A company wants to reduce costs for their Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL database. Which TWO actions would help achieve this?

A company is using AWS Lambda functions to process incoming messages from Amazon SQS. The Lambda function sometimes fails due to a transient error, and the message is not processed. The team wants to automatically retry failed messages and send them to a dead-letter queue (DLQ) after three failed attempts. Which configuration meets these requirements?

A company uses AWS KMS to encrypt data stored in S3. The security team wants to rotate the KMS key automatically every year. The SysOps administrator enabled automatic key rotation for the KMS key. However, after a year, the security team finds that the key has not been rotated. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator is creating a CloudFormation stack that requires an IAM role to be passed to EC2 instances. The administrator is using the IAM policy shown in the exhibit. The stack creation fails with an error indicating insufficient permissions to pass the role. What is the most likely cause?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. The private subnets need outbound internet access to download software updates while preventing any inbound internet traffic. The SysOps administrator must minimize costs. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A SysOps administrator wants to receive an email when the average CPU utilization of an EC2 instance exceeds 90% for 5 minutes. What should the administrator create?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the describe-target-health command and sees that an EC2 instance in the target group is unhealthy with a timeout error. What is the most likely cause?

An IAM user has the policy shown in the exhibit. The user is trying to download an object from example-bucket from an IP address of 192.0.2.50. However, the request is denied. What is the most likely reason?

A SysOps administrator notices that an EC2 instance's CPU utilization has been at 100% for the past hour. The administrator checks CloudWatch metrics and sees no anomalies in network or disk I/O. Which step should the administrator take to investigate further?

A SysOps administrator needs to detect when an IAM user attempts to modify an Amazon S3 bucket policy in the production AWS account. The administrator wants to receive an email notification within 5 minutes of such an event. The solution must use AWS managed services with no custom code. Which combination of services should the administrator use?

A CloudFormation stack update fails and enters UPDATE_ROLLBACK_FAILED. Which two actions are appropriate next steps? (Choose 2.)

An application uses Amazon Route 53 weighted routing to distribute traffic across two AWS regions. After a deployment, users in one region are experiencing errors. What should the administrator do to mitigate the issue immediately?

A company's security policy requires that all new Amazon S3 buckets must have server-side encryption with AWS Key Management Service (SSE-KMS) enabled by default. A SysOps administrator wants to enforce this requirement for all current and future S3 buckets in the account. Which AWS service or feature should be used to automatically apply this configuration?

A SysOps administrator needs to grant cross-account access to an S3 bucket in Account A for an IAM user in Account B. The bucket policy in Account A allows the IAM user's account root principal. What additional configuration is required?

A company has a fleet of EC2 instances that need to be patched monthly. The SysOps administrator must ensure that the patching process does not affect the availability of the application. Which strategy should the administrator use?

A company runs a web application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application has predictable traffic patterns with high traffic during business hours and low traffic at night. The SysOps administrator wants to reduce compute costs while ensuring the application remains responsive during peak hours. The administrator has already implemented Auto Scaling based on CPU utilization. Which additional action should the administrator take to optimize costs?

A SysOps administrator needs to receive alerts when an S3 bucket is publicly accessible. Which TWO AWS services can be used to monitor and detect this configuration?

An application uploads files to an S3 bucket. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the files are automatically replicated to another bucket in a different AWS Region for disaster recovery. Which action should be taken?

A company is running a high-performance computing (HPC) workload on EC2. The workload is time-sensitive and runs for 2 hours every night. The company wants to minimize costs. Which THREE options should they consider? (Choose THREE.)

A company runs a critical application on a fleet of EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application is deployed using a blue/green deployment strategy with AWS CodeDeploy. The green environment fails immediately after deployment, and the deployment is automatically rolled back. However, the rollback also fails because the original blue environment's Auto Scaling group has been scaled down. What should the SysOps administrator do to prevent this issue in future deployments?

A SysOps Administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues between two EC2 instances in the same VPC but different subnets. The instances can communicate over private IP addresses when security groups are set to allow all traffic, but fail when security groups are configured with specific rules. The Administrator wants to allow HTTP (port 80) and HTTPS (port 443) traffic from the client instance to the server instance. What security group rules are needed?

A company is using Amazon S3 to host a static website. The website receives millions of requests per month from users around the world. The company wants to reduce latency and S3 data transfer costs. Which solution should the company implement?

A development team uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. They want to update a stack but first need to review how the changes will impact existing resources before applying them. Which CloudFormation feature should they use?

A company stores video files in Amazon S3. The files are accessed frequently for the first week, then weekly for the next month, and then rarely after that. The files must be retained for 5 years and any access must be served within minutes. The SysOps administrator needs to minimize storage costs while meeting these requirements. Which lifecycle policy configuration is the most cost-effective?

A company uses an Amazon DynamoDB table with on-demand capacity mode for a variable workload. The SysOps administrator notices high costs and wants to reduce them without affecting application performance. Which action should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a failed AWS CloudFormation stack creation. The stack includes an AWS::Lambda::Function resource. The error message states: 'The runtime parameter of nodejs8.10 is no longer supported.' The administrator needs to resolve this with minimal changes. What should the administrator do?

Which THREE measures help protect an S3 bucket from accidental data loss? (Choose 3)

A company has an application that writes logs to CloudWatch Logs. The SysOps administrator needs to search for a specific error pattern across multiple log groups. Which solution is the most efficient?

An IAM policy is attached to an EC2 instance role to allow sending logs to CloudWatch Logs. The application running on the instance fails to send logs to the log group 'MyAppLogGroup'. Which change is required to fix the issue?

A company's security policy requires that all IAM users must authenticate with multi-factor authentication (MFA) before they can perform any actions on Amazon EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator needs to enforce this requirement using IAM policies. Which IAM policy condition key should the administrator use in the policy?

A company's security policy requires that the AWS account root user must have multi-factor authentication (MFA) enabled. A SysOps administrator needs to continuously verify compliance and automatically notify the security team if the root user is not configured with MFA. Which AWS service can be used to create a compliance rule for this requirement?

A company runs a critical application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application stores state information locally on the instance. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that if an instance fails, the state is not lost. What should the administrator do?

A SysOps administrator is configuring a VPC peering connection between two VPCs in the same AWS account and Region. The VPCs have non-overlapping CIDR blocks. The administrator needs to ensure that instances in both VPCs can communicate with each other. Which additional configuration is required after accepting the peering connection?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. An Application Load Balancer (ALB) is deployed in the public subnets, and an Auto Scaling group of web servers is deployed in the private subnets. The web servers need to frequently make HTTPS requests to an external API. The API provider requires that all requests originate from a consistent set of static IP addresses for whitelisting. The SysOps administrator must ensure that outbound traffic from the web servers has static source IP addresses. Which solution should be implemented?

A company has a VPC that requires DNS resolution for custom domain names within the VPC. They want to use a private hosted zone in Amazon Route 53. Which resource is required to associate the private hosted zone with the VPC?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The SysOps administrator has a template that creates an Amazon EC2 instance and an Amazon RDS DB instance. The administrator needs to reuse the same template for development, test, and production environments, where the only differences are the EC2 instance type and the RDS DB instance class. Which CloudFormation feature should be used to define these environment-specific values?

A SysOps administrator ran the above AWS CLI command to update an existing CloudFormation stack. The command failed with the error shown. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator is responsible for a multi-tier web application running on AWS. The application consists of an Application Load Balancer (ALB), an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances, and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. Recently, the operations team has been receiving alerts from CloudWatch that the ALB's 'HTTPCode_Target_5XX_Count' metric is spiking periodically. The team has also noticed that the database CPU utilization is high during these spikes. The application logs show that some requests are timing out. The administrator needs to identify the root cause and implement a remediation. After reviewing the architecture, the administrator rules out the database as the bottleneck because the database connections are pooled and the query response times are normal. The administrator suspects that the issue is related to the application server's health. Which course of action should the administrator take to diagnose and resolve the issue?

Drag and drop the steps to create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that sends an email notification when CPU utilization exceeds 90% into the correct order.

A company wants to ensure that its EC2 instances automatically recover from an instance failure. Which feature should be used?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront to serve static content from an S3 bucket. The S3 bucket is configured as an origin with RestrictBucketAccess set to Yes, and the origin access identity (OAI) is configured. Users can access the content via CloudFront, but direct S3 URLs return Access Denied. However, some users report that they can still access the content directly via S3 URLs. What is the most likely reason?

Drag and drop the steps to configure a VPC peering connection between two VPCs into the correct order.

A company uses AWS Backup to back up its Amazon EFS file system daily. The backup retention policy is set to 30 days. Recently, a user accidentally deleted a critical directory. The company wants to restore the directory as it existed 2 days ago. What is the MOST cost-effective and quickest way to achieve this?

A SysOps administrator discovers that an EC2 instance was compromised because the SSH key pair was leaked. The administrator wants to ensure that future access to EC2 instances is secured using a method that does not rely on static keys. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company is using Amazon RDS for MySQL with Multi-AZ deployment. They want to optimize costs while maintaining high availability. Which TWO actions should the SysOps administrator take?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a failed AWS CloudFormation stack creation. The error message indicates that an IAM role creation failed because the role already exists. The administrator wants to ensure the stack creation can proceed without manual intervention. What should the administrator do?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the memory utilization of an EC2 instance running Windows Server. Which steps are required to collect memory metrics?

A company is using Amazon CloudFront to distribute content globally. They want to restrict access to their content so that only users from specific countries can access it. Which TWO actions can be taken to achieve this?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances that have variable traffic patterns. The application experiences steady baseline traffic with occasional spikes. The SysOps administrator wants to optimize costs while ensuring performance during spikes. Which pricing model should be used for the baseline capacity and for the burst capacity?

A company wants to create a disaster recovery (DR) strategy for its RDS for PostgreSQL database. The primary database is in us-east-1. The company needs a recovery point objective (RPO) of less than 5 minutes and a recovery time objective (RTO) of less than 1 hour. Which solution meets these requirements?

A company wants to enforce that all IAM users in an AWS account must use multi-factor authentication (MFA) to access the AWS Management Console. Which IAM policy effect should be used to deny access if MFA is not present?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application experiences variable traffic with occasional spikes. The SysOps administrator wants to optimize costs while ensuring that the application can handle spikes without performance degradation. The current setup uses a fixed number of instances. Which action should the administrator take?

A company has a web application running on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application uses sticky sessions (session affinity) based on cookies. Recently, the SysOps team noticed that user sessions are being lost intermittently, causing users to be logged out. The team checks the ALB configuration and finds that the stickiness is enabled with a cookie name 'AWSALB' and duration of 1 hour. The application also sets its own cookie. What is the most likely cause of session loss?

An organization is using AWS OpsWorks for Chef Automate to manage configuration of EC2 instances. The administrator notices that a new cookbook version is not being applied to existing instances in a layer. The cookbook is stored in a private Amazon S3 bucket and the instances have an instance profile that allows read access. What is the MOST likely reason for this issue?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor memory utilization of an Amazon EC2 instance. The default Amazon CloudWatch metrics for EC2 do not include memory utilization. Which solution should the administrator implement to collect memory metrics and set alarms?

Which TWO actions should a SysOps administrator take to secure an S3 bucket that stores sensitive data? (Choose two.)

A SysOps administrator is deploying a CloudFormation stack that includes an AWS::ECS::Service resource. The service uses a task definition that references a container image stored in Amazon ECR. The stack creation fails with the error: 'Unable to assume the service-linked role.' What is the MOST likely cause?

A company wants to implement a disaster recovery solution for its on-premises database using AWS. The solution must have an RPO of less than 1 hour and an RTO of less than 4 hours. Which THREE steps should the SysOps administrator take? (Choose THREE.)

A company runs a critical database on an RDS for PostgreSQL instance in a single Availability Zone. The database experiences high write latency. The SysOps Administrator needs to improve the database's reliability and performance without downtime. Which solution meets these requirements?

A SysOps administrator has deployed an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that distributes traffic to a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The administrator notices that the ALB is sending all traffic to instances in a single Availability Zone (AZ), ignoring instances in other AZs. The ALB was created with default settings. Which action should the administrator take to ensure traffic is distributed evenly across all AZs?

Which AWS service can be used to create a private, dedicated connection between an on-premises data center and AWS?

A company is running a critical application on Amazon EC2 instances. The application performance has degraded over the past week. The SysOps administrator suspects a memory leak. The administrator needs to collect detailed memory usage metrics every minute and store them for 30 days. Which solution is the MOST cost-effective and operationally efficient?

A SysOps administrator is planning a VPC design with high availability for an application that must tolerate the failure of an entire Availability Zone. Which TWO configurations should be implemented? (Select TWO.)

An organization has a VPC with public and private subnets. The private subnets need to access the internet for software updates. A NAT gateway is deployed in a public subnet and the private subnet route table has a route for 0.0.0.0/0 pointing to the NAT gateway. However, instances in the private subnet cannot reach the internet. What could be the issue?

A SysOps administrator needs to receive an email notification when an IAM user's console login fails. Which AWS service should be used to set up this notification?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to manage infrastructure. They have a stack that creates an Amazon RDS DB instance. The database is in a VPC with public and private subnets. The DB instance is in a private subnet. When the stack is created, the DB instance is not accessible from an EC2 instance in the same VPC. What is the most likely cause?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application experiences steady traffic during business hours and very low traffic overnight. The SysOps administrator wants to optimize costs by using a mix of On-Demand and Spot Instances. The administrator also requires that the total capacity never falls below the baseline level needed during business hours, even if Spot Instances are reclaimed. Which combination of Auto Scaling features should be used?

A company hosts a critical web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The security team enabled AWS WAF on the ALB to block SQL injection and XSS attacks. They also use AWS Shield Advanced for DDoS protection. Recently, the application experienced intermittent performance degradation during normal traffic patterns. The security team reviewed the WAF logs and found that legitimate user requests with query strings containing the word "select" (e.g., ?category=select+option) were being blocked. The team wants to ensure that only actual SQL injection attempts are blocked, not legitimate requests with similar patterns. What course of action should the SysOps administrator take to resolve this issue while maintaining security?

A SysOps administrator needs to allow traffic from a specific IP address range (203.0.113.0/24) to access an Amazon EC2 instance in a VPC. Which configuration step should be performed?

A company runs a large number of EC2 instances across multiple accounts and regions. The finance team needs to track costs per project and department. Each EC2 instance must be tagged with a ProjectID and Department tag. A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all newly launched EC2 instances are tagged automatically before they can be used, and that existing untagged instances are retroactively tagged. The tags must be propagated to cost reports in AWS Cost Explorer. Which combination of steps will achieve this with the least operational overhead?

A company has an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that distributes traffic to EC2 instances. The company wants to enable path-based routing to send requests to different target groups. Which TWO resources must be created to achieve this?

A company wants to automatically start and stop an EC2 instance on a schedule to reduce costs. The instance runs a critical application that must be available from 8 AM to 6 PM weekdays. Which AWS service should be used to implement this scheduling?

A company runs an application across multiple Availability Zones. The application servers are in private subnets and need outbound internet access to download software updates and patches. The SysOps administrator needs a highly available, fully managed solution to provide this outbound connectivity. Which solution should be used?

A SysOps administrator needs to audit all API calls made in an AWS account for compliance and security analysis. The logs must be stored securely for at least one year. Which AWS service should the administrator enable?

A SysOps administrator is reviewing the reliability of a production system that uses Amazon DynamoDB as its primary data store. The table has on-demand capacity and a single partition key. The application experiences occasional throttling errors during peak hours. Which action would most effectively improve reliability?

Which THREE are valid methods to control access to an S3 bucket? (Choose three.)

A company has an S3 bucket that stores sensitive data. A SysOps administrator needs to detect when objects in the bucket are publicly accessible. Which AWS service should the administrator use to continuously monitor and report on public access?

A DevOps engineer needs to automate the creation of an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance in a VPC. The solution must use infrastructure as code. Which AWS service should be used to provision the database?

A company has a production AWS account with multiple IAM users. The security team wants to implement a policy that prevents users from launching EC2 instances without an IAM role that grants access to an S3 bucket containing sensitive data. The policy should also allow users to launch instances with other roles. A SysOps administrator creates an IAM policy that denies ec2:RunInstances if the instance does not have a specific IAM instance profile. However, users are still able to launch instances without any role. What is the most likely reason, and what should be done to fix it?

A company needs to deploy a set of microservices using Docker containers on AWS. The deployment should be automated and support scaling based on demand. Which AWS service should be used to orchestrate the containers?

A SysOps administrator is creating an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy a web server. The template must define an Amazon EC2 instance, a security group, and an Elastic IP. In which section of the template should these resources be declared?

A SysOps administrator is setting up a Network Load Balancer (NLB) to handle millions of requests per second. The target group consists of EC2 instances that are in a single Availability Zone. Which of the following is a potential issue?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API calls across all regions. The SysOps administrator notices that logs for a specific region are missing from the centralized S3 bucket. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a stack that includes an Amazon RDS DB instance with Multi-AZ enabled. During a stack update, the database engine version is changed. The update fails with a rollback. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator notices that an EC2 instance running a web server is receiving unexpected traffic from an IP address that is known to be malicious. The administrator wants to block this IP address at the instance level. Which solution should be used?

A company needs to audit all changes to AWS resources. Which THREE AWS services should be used together to achieve this? (Choose three.)

A company is using Amazon CloudWatch Logs to collect logs from multiple AWS services. The SysOps administrator needs to query logs across multiple log groups in real-time. Which THREE of the following are capabilities of CloudWatch Logs Insights?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a web application. The template currently hard-codes the EC2 instance type (e.g., t3.medium). The SysOps administrator wants to make the instance type configurable so that different environments (dev, test, prod) can use different instance types without modifying the template each time. Which CloudFormation feature enables this?

A SysOps administrator is using AWS CloudFormation to deploy a stack that includes an Amazon EC2 instance and an Amazon RDS DB instance. The administrator needs to ensure that updates to the stack do not accidentally replace the RDS instance if the RDS configuration is changed in a way that would require replacement. Which CloudFormation attribute should be added to the RDS resource?

A SysOps administrator wants to be alerted when the root user of the AWS account signs in. Which TWO services can be used together to achieve this?

A SysOps administrator needs to set up monitoring for an application that runs on an EC2 instance. The application generates custom metrics that should be available for analysis in CloudWatch. Which steps are required to achieve this? (Select TWO.)

A SysOps administrator needs to grant an IAM user the ability to rotate their own access keys. What is the minimum set of permissions required?

Match each AWS storage service to its description.

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences unpredictable traffic spikes. Which AWS service should be used to automatically adjust the number of EC2 instances based on demand, optimizing cost and performance?

A containerized API runs on Amazon ECS with an Application Load Balancer. The team wants to deploy new container versions with zero downtime, automatically route traffic to the new version only after health checks pass, and automatically roll back if error rates spike within 10 minutes of the shift. Which deployment strategy and configuration implements all three requirements?

Which TWO actions should a SysOps administrator take to secure an AWS account root user? (Choose two.)

A company uses Amazon CloudWatch Logs to store application logs. The SysOps administrator needs to count the occurrences of the string 'ERROR' in the logs and trigger an Amazon SNS notification when more than 10 errors occur within a 5-minute window. Which steps should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator needs to restrict access to an Amazon S3 bucket so that only requests from a specific VPC endpoint are allowed. Which policy statement should be added to the bucket policy?

A company uses AWS KMS to encrypt EBS volumes attached to EC2 instances. The security team wants to ensure that only specific IAM roles can decrypt the volumes. Which configuration meets this requirement?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application needs to serve HTTPS content. The SysOps administrator wants to offload SSL termination to the ALB and automatically renew the certificate before expiration. Which solution should the administrator implement?

An application running on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group uses an SQS queue for decoupling. The application experiences increased latency when the queue has a high number of messages. The SysOps Administrator needs to maintain responsiveness. Which solution is the most cost-effective?

Match each AWS support plan to its key feature.

A SysOps administrator needs to create a custom metric to track the number of active connections to an EC2 instance. Which steps should be taken? (Select TWO.)

A SysOps administrator needs to automate the deployment of a three-tier web application. The application consists of an Application Load Balancer, a fleet of EC2 instances running a web server, and an Amazon RDS MySQL database. The administrator must ensure that the database credentials are securely stored and automatically rotated. The administrator also needs to version the infrastructure configuration. Which combination of AWS services should the administrator use?

A company's security policy requires that all Amazon S3 buckets must have server-side encryption (SSE-S3 or SSE-KMS) enabled. The SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect any bucket that does not have encryption enabled and remediate it by enabling SSE-S3. Which AWS service should be used to implement this automated compliance enforcement?

A company hosts a static website on Amazon S3 with public read access. The website content is updated weekly. The SysOps administrator notices that the monthly S3 costs are higher than expected. The website receives about 10,000 requests per day, and each object is small (average 50 KB). The administrator wants to reduce costs without affecting the user experience. The website does not require HTTPS or custom domain at this time. Which action should the administrator take?

A company has a VPC with an IPv4 CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/16. They need to connect to an on-premises network with a CIDR of 10.0.0.0/8. What is the issue?

A company uses AWS Systems Manager to manage a fleet of EC2 instances. The Security Team requires that all instances have a specific security patch installed. A SysOps administrator needs to verify compliance across all instances. What is the MOST efficient way to accomplish this?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a CodeDeploy deployment that uploads artifacts to an S3 bucket. The deployment fails with an 'AccessDenied' error. The IAM policy for the CodeDeploy service role includes the statement shown in the exhibit. What is the most likely cause of the failure?

A company wants to provide low-latency access to static content (images, CSS) for global users. The content is stored in an S3 bucket. Which service should be used to cache content at edge locations?

A company has deployed a web application across multiple Availability Zones using an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences increased latency during peak hours. Which action would be MOST effective in reducing latency?

A company uses Amazon CloudWatch to monitor its Amazon EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator wants to receive an email notification when any EC2 instance's CPUUtilization metric exceeds 90% for 5 consecutive minutes. Which combination of services should be used to meet this requirement with the least operational overhead?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that an Amazon EC2 instance can access an Amazon S3 bucket without storing long-term credentials on the instance. Which approach should be used?

A SysOps administrator notices that traffic to an Amazon EC2 instance is being blocked even though the security group allows all inbound traffic. The subnet's network ACL allows all inbound and outbound traffic. What could be the issue?

A company runs a critical web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across three Availability Zones in us-east-1. The application stores data in an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance with Multi-AZ deployment. The SysOps administrator needs to design a disaster recovery strategy that can recover from a complete regional outage. The Recovery Time Objective (RTO) is 2 hours and the Recovery Point Objective (RPO) is 1 hour. Which solution should the administrator implement?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the command and sees the output. The administrator then creates a CloudWatch alarm on the CPUUtilization metric for this instance, but the alarm state remains 'INSUFFICIENT_DATA'. What is a likely cause?

A company wants to ensure that it receives notifications whenever any AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) user in the account creates a new access key. Which AWS service should be used to achieve this?

A SysOps administrator needs to share an encrypted AMI with a different AWS account. The AMI uses an AWS KMS key (customer managed key) for EBS encryption. What must be done to allow the target account to launch EC2 instances from the AMI?

A company runs a production RDS for PostgreSQL instance with Multi-AZ enabled. The database experiences a failover due to an AZ outage. After the failover, the application experiences high latency on write operations. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API calls. The SysOps team needs to ensure that any attempt to disable CloudTrail logging is immediately detected and triggers an automated response. Which combination of services should be used? (Choose two.)

Which THREE security best practices should be followed when managing IAM users? (Choose three.)

A company is using AWS CloudTrail to log API activity. The security team wants to be notified when an IAM user attempts to modify an S3 bucket policy. Which actions should be taken to meet this requirement? (Select THREE.)

An organization has a CloudWatch dashboard that displays metrics for multiple AWS services. The dashboard is shared with the operations team. Recently, some team members reported that the dashboard is not loading for them. Which action should the SysOps administrator take to troubleshoot the issue?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an application that intermittently fails to connect to an RDS database. The error logs show 'Too many connections'. What CloudWatch metric should the administrator monitor to proactively detect this issue?

A company wants to back up its on-premises file server to AWS. The backup must be encrypted in transit and at rest. Which AWS service should the company use to meet these requirements?

A company's security policy requires that all IAM users must have multi-factor authentication (MFA) enabled. A SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect IAM users without MFA and generate a compliance report. Which AWS service should be used to meet this requirement with minimal operational overhead?

A SysOps Administrator needs to automate the deployment of a three-tier web application on AWS. The application consists of a web tier, application tier, and database tier. The administrator wants to use AWS CloudFormation to provision the infrastructure. Which TWO resources should be included in the CloudFormation template to ensure the application is highly available across multiple Availability Zones?

A SysOps administrator notices that an EC2 instance's CPU utilization is consistently above 90% during peak hours. Which action will improve performance without over-provisioning resources?

A SysOps administrator needs to centrally collect operating system-level metrics from a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances running Amazon Linux 2. The metrics should include memory usage and disk I/O. Which solution should the administrator implement?

Which THREE components are required to set up a site-to-site VPN connection between a VPC and an on-premises network? (Choose three.)

A SysOps administrator notices that traffic from an Application Load Balancer to targets is failing intermittently. The targets are EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The health check settings on the target group are: ping path '/health', healthy threshold 2, unhealthy threshold 2, timeout 5 seconds, interval 30 seconds. Which change would most likely improve the stability of the health checks?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy the same AWS CloudFormation template across multiple AWS accounts and Regions in a single operation. The administrator wants to manage the deployment from a single management account. Which AWS service should the administrator use?

A company runs a critical web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across three Availability Zones. The application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for traffic distribution. The SysOps administrator has configured a CloudWatch alarm to monitor the ALB's `TargetResponseTime` metric, with a threshold of 5 seconds. The alarm triggers when the average response time exceeds 5 seconds for 2 consecutive periods. Recently, the alarm has been triggering frequently during peak hours, but the application team reports that the response time is acceptable and the application is performing normally. The administrator investigates and finds that a small number of requests are taking a very long time (over 30 seconds), skewing the average. The administrator needs to reduce the number of false alarms while still being alerted if the overall application performance degrades. Which course of action should the administrator take?

Which THREE AWS services can be used to monitor and optimize costs? (Choose THREE.)

A SysOps administrator is tasked with automating the deployment of an application across multiple AWS accounts. Which AWS service should be used to orchestrate the deployment across accounts?

A company's security policy requires that all IAM users must authenticate using multi-factor authentication (MFA) before accessing the Amazon S3 bucket containing confidential finance data. The SysOps administrator needs to create an IAM policy that denies access to the S3 bucket if the user has not authenticated using MFA. Which IAM condition key should the administrator include in the policy?

A company has two VPCs: VPC-A (10.0.0.0/16) and VPC-B (10.1.0.0/16). The VPCs are in the same AWS region. The SysOps administrator needs to enable private IP connectivity between the two VPCs so that an EC2 instance in VPC-A can communicate with an EC2 instance in VPC-B using their private IP addresses. The administrator wants a simple, low-cost solution with high throughput. Which AWS service should be used?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator reviews the CloudWatch alarm configuration. The alarm is in ALARM state. Which statement accurately describes the alarm's behavior?

A company's security policy requires that all Amazon S3 buckets must have server-side encryption enabled. The SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect any bucket that does not have encryption enabled and notify the security team. Which AWS service should be used to detect non-compliant buckets?

A company stores 1 PB of data in Amazon S3 Standard. The data is accessed frequently for the first 30 days, then rarely accessed afterwards. The company needs to optimize storage costs. What should they do?

A company has an Amazon VPC with a CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/16 and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection to an on-premises data center. The on-premises DNS servers host a private domain 'corp.example.com'. The SysOps administrator needs to enable EC2 instances in the VPC to resolve DNS names for 'corp.example.com' using the on-premises DNS servers. Which Route 53 feature should be configured?

A company is using AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. They want to reduce costs by identifying unused resources. Which AWS service should they use to monitor and report on resource utilization and cost?

A company uses AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy a web application. During a deployment, the environment's health turns from Green to Red, and the deployment fails. The logs show 'ERROR: Failed to download the application version from Amazon S3.' What is the MOST likely cause?

A company uses AWS CodePipeline with AWS CodeBuild to build and deploy a static website to an S3 bucket. The website is served via Amazon CloudFront. The deployment fails intermittently because the S3 bucket policy does not allow CloudFront access after the bucket is updated. What is the BEST way to automate the bucket policy update during the deployment?

A SysOps administrator notices that an Amazon RDS instance's CPU utilization is consistently above 90% during peak hours. The administrator needs to investigate which queries are consuming the most CPU. Which action should the administrator take?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API activity. A SysOps administrator discovers that some management events are not being logged. The administrator checks the CloudTrail configuration and confirms that management events are enabled and logging is working for most events. What is the most likely cause of the missing events?

A company has a VPC with multiple subnets. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that EC2 instances in a private subnet can access Amazon S3 without going through a NAT Gateway or internet gateway. Which solution meets this requirement?

A company uses AWS Backup to back up its Amazon EFS file systems. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that backups are retained for 7 years to meet compliance requirements. What should the administrator do?

A company uses AWS Direct Connect to connect its on-premises data center to AWS. The data center has multiple VLANs that need to connect to separate VPCs in AWS. The company wants to maintain isolation between the VPCs while maximizing bandwidth utilization. Which solution should the SysOps administrator recommend?

Which TWO statements about Amazon CloudFront origins are correct? (Choose two.)

A company stores critical data in an S3 bucket. To ensure data durability and availability, the company wants to automatically replicate objects to a bucket in a different AWS Region. Which S3 feature should be used?

Refer to the exhibit. An IAM policy is attached to a user. The user's IP address is 10.0.1.5. What is the result when the user tries to download an object from the folder 'confidential' in 'example-bucket'?

An administrator notices that an EC2 instance has been compromised. The instance is part of an Auto Scaling group. What should the administrator do FIRST to contain the incident?

Which TWO steps should a SysOps administrator take to ensure data durability for an Amazon S3 bucket that stores critical documents? (Choose two.)

A company runs a read-heavy database workload on Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL with a primary instance and two read replicas. The SysOps administrator observes that the read replicas frequently experience high replica lag during peak hours, causing stale reads for the application. The administrator needs to reduce replica lag while optimizing costs. The workload is predictable, with spikes during business hours and low traffic at night. Which combination of actions should the administrator take?

A company has a production RDS for MySQL database. The SysOps administrator receives an alert that the database instance is running out of storage. The company requires high availability and minimal downtime during any modifications. What should the administrator do?

A SysOps administrator is designing a disaster recovery plan for a web application. The application runs on EC2 instances in a single Availability Zone. What is the FIRST step to improve availability?

A SysOps administrator manages an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance that handles a critical web application. During peak traffic, the number of database connections exceeds 500 for more than 15 minutes, leading to connection timeouts. The administrator wants to automatically increase the DB instance size when the connection count remains high, and decrease it when the load drops, to balance performance and cost. Which combination of AWS services should be used to achieve this automation with the least operational overhead?

A company runs a stateful application on a single Amazon EC2 instance with an attached EBS volume. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that in the event of an instance failure, a new instance can be launched quickly with the same data. The Recovery Point Objective (RPO) is 15 minutes and the Recovery Time Objective (RTO) is 30 minutes. Which strategy should the administrator implement?

A SysOps administrator notices that an RDS instance's CPU utilization is consistently above 80% during peak hours. The administrator wants to set up automated actions to scale the database and also notify the team. What should the administrator do?

A SysOps administrator needs to automate the provisioning of AWS resources using infrastructure as code. The administrator wants to ensure that the code is version-controlled and that changes are reviewed before deployment. Which TWO AWS services should the administrator use together to achieve this? (Choose TWO.)

Account A owns an S3 bucket containing shared artifacts. Account B needs to read objects from the bucket. The Account A team wants to grant access without creating IAM users, sharing access keys, or creating a role in Account A that Account B assumes. How should the bucket be configured to allow Account B's IAM roles to read objects?

A company uses Amazon CloudWatch to monitor its AWS resources. The operations team needs to receive email notifications when the root user performs any action in the AWS account. Which combination of services should the SysOps administrator use to meet this requirement?

A company is experiencing intermittent performance issues with an application running on an EC2 instance. The CloudWatch metrics show high CPU utilization but no correlation with the timing of the issue. The SysOps administrator needs to collect detailed performance data to identify the root cause. Which AWS service should the administrator use to capture network-level metrics and logs?

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to an EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The deployment fails because the instances are not reporting to CodeDeploy. What is the most likely cause?

A company wants to receive a real-time notification whenever an IAM user creates a new access key. Which combination of AWS services should be used to achieve this?

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment fails because the instances in the Auto Scaling group are not registered with the target group of an Application Load Balancer. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that new instances launched by the Auto Scaling group are automatically registered with the target group. What should the administrator do?

A DevOps engineer is troubleshooting a failed CloudFormation stack update. The stack includes an Auto Scaling group with a launch template. The update changed the AMI ID in the launch template, but the new instances launched with the old AMI. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor network traffic to and from an EC2 instance for troubleshooting. Which AWS feature captures IP traffic information at the VPC level?

A company stores infrequently accessed data in S3 Standard. They want to reduce storage costs without compromising immediate accessibility. What is the MOST cost-effective solution?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application experiences variable traffic. The company wants to improve performance and reduce costs. Which THREE actions should the company take?

A company uses Amazon CloudWatch to monitor its AWS resources. The company wants to receive alerts when CPU utilization of an EC2 instance exceeds 80% for 5 consecutive minutes. What is the MOST efficient way to achieve this?

A company has a production AWS account that uses Consolidated Billing with several member accounts. The finance team wants to identify the top cost drivers and allocate costs to different departments. Which AWS tool should be used to visualize and allocate costs?

A SysOps admin is troubleshooting an Auto Scaling group that fails to launch instances. The group uses a launch template with an Amazon Linux 2 AMI. The admin reviews the scaling activity history and sees: 'Launching a new EC2 instance. Status: Failed. Description: Your spot request price is lower than the minimum required Spot price.' Which change should the admin make to resolve the issue?

A SysOps administrator needs to audit all changes to IAM resources in their AWS account. Which THREE AWS services can be used together to achieve this? (Choose THREE.)

A company is running a production web application on EC2 instances behind an ALB. The application experiences predictable traffic spikes during business hours. Which cost optimization strategy would be MOST effective?

A SysOps administrator wants to back up an Amazon EBS volume that is attached to an EC2 instance running a production database. The backup must be crash-consistent and should not cause any downtime. Which TWO steps should the administrator take? (Choose two.)

Drag and drop the steps to restore an Amazon RDS DB instance from a snapshot into the correct order.

Users are intermittently reporting 502 Bad Gateway errors when accessing the application through an Application Load Balancer. The team needs to identify which target IPs are associated with the failures and the request processing time for those requests. Application logs on instances do not capture failures before the ALB connection. What should be enabled?

A company has a VPC with a public subnet and a private subnet. The private subnet hosts a database. Which TWO components are required to allow an EC2 instance in the public subnet to connect to the database?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an Amazon EC2 instance that is unreachable. The instance passes the system status check but fails the instance status check. Which TWO of the following are likely causes of this issue? (Choose TWO.)

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the 'list-metrics' command for CPUUtilization. Based on the output, what can the administrator conclude?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU utilization of an EC2 instance and receive an alert when it exceeds 80% for 10 consecutive minutes. Which AWS service should be used to set up this monitoring and alerting?

A company needs to monitor for unauthorized changes to critical IAM policies. The SysOps administrator must receive notifications within minutes of any change. Which combination of AWS services should the administrator use?

A company uses AWS Organizations and wants to restrict access to S3 buckets based on project tags. The security policy requires that users in the 'DataScientists' group can only access S3 buckets that have the tag 'Project: DataEngineering'. Which IAM policy condition key should the SysOps administrator use in a customer managed policy to enforce this restriction?

A company wants to ensure that its EC2 instances receive patches automatically to maintain security compliance. Which AWS service can be used to automate patch management?

A web application runs on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. To achieve high availability, what is the minimum number of Availability Zones (AZs) that must be configured for the Auto Scaling group?

A company runs a production application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application stores data on an EBS volume. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that the data is durable and available even if an EC2 instance fails. Which approach should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU utilization of an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. The administrator wants to receive a notification when the average CPU utilization exceeds 80% for 10 consecutive minutes. Which steps should the administrator take to set up this monitoring?

A SysOps administrator is creating an IAM policy for automation. The policy is attached to an IAM role used by an automated deployment script. The script needs to launch EC2 instances of type t2.micro and describe all EC2 resources. However, the script fails when trying to launch instances. What is the MOST likely reason?

A company runs a stateful web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application uses a sticky session (session affinity) feature of the Application Load Balancer. During a scale-in event, some users lose their session data. What should the SysOps administrator do to prevent session data loss?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. An EC2 instance in a private subnet needs to download software patches from the internet. Which component should be used to provide internet access to the instance?

A company wants to audit all API calls made in their AWS account for compliance. Which THREE AWS services can be used together to capture and store these logs? (Choose three.)

A company uses Amazon CloudFront to deliver content to a global audience. The origin is an Application Load Balancer in us-east-1. The SysOps administrator wants to reduce costs by minimizing the number of requests that reach the origin server. Which action should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator notices that an RDS instance's storage is nearly full. The instance uses General Purpose SSD (gp2) storage. The administrator needs to increase storage with minimal downtime. Which action should be taken?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a new version of a Lambda function while minimizing downtime. The function is behind an API Gateway endpoint. What is the MOST effective approach?

An application running on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) is experiencing intermittent 5xx errors. CloudWatch metrics show that the ALB's 'HTTPCode_ELB_5XX_Count' is elevated. What is the MOST likely cause?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the memory utilization of an EC2 instance running a custom application. The instance is not using the default CloudWatch metrics for memory. What should the administrator do to collect memory metrics?

A SysOps administrator notices that an Amazon RDS DB instance is running at 10% CPU utilization consistently. The instance has 8 vCPUs and 32 GB RAM. The application's performance is adequate. Which action will reduce costs without affecting performance?

The security team requires that no S3 bucket in the account ever has public read or write ACLs enabled. They want non-compliant buckets automatically remediated within 5 minutes of detection without any manual intervention. What is the correct implementation?

A SysOps administrator needs to automate the provisioning of AWS resources using infrastructure as code. The solution must track changes and allow rollbacks. Which AWS service should the administrator use?

A web application publishes a custom metric 'FailedLoginAttempts' to Amazon CloudWatch. The SysOps administrator needs to be notified via Amazon SNS when the number of failed login attempts exceeds 100 within a 5-minute period. Which AWS service or feature should be used to create this notification?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that an EC2 instance can access an S3 bucket without storing AWS credentials on the instance. What should the administrator do?

A company has an Amazon VPC with public and private subnets across two Availability Zones. The company hosts a web application on EC2 instances in the private subnets. The application needs to access an Amazon S3 bucket to upload and download files. The SysOps administrator must ensure that traffic to S3 does not traverse the internet and minimizes data transfer costs. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company uses AWS Global Accelerator to improve the performance of a web application hosted in multiple AWS regions. The application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in each region as the endpoint. Users report that traffic is not being routed to the closest region. What could be the cause?

A company is running a stateful web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application requires low latency and high throughput. Currently, the application is experiencing performance degradation during peak hours. Which scaling strategy should the SysOps administrator implement to improve performance and optimize cost?

Refer to the exhibit. An IAM role has the trust policy shown. Which entity can assume this role?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API activity. The security team wants to be alerted when an IAM user creates a new access key. Which THREE steps should the SysOps administrator take to meet this requirement?

A company is using Amazon CloudFront to deliver content globally. Which feature can help reduce costs by minimizing data transfer from the origin?

A SysOps administrator is tasked with automating the creation of IAM roles and policies using AWS CloudFormation. The template includes an IAM role and a managed policy. The stack creation fails with the error 'Policy arn:aws:iam::123456789012:policy/MyManagedPolicy not found'. The policy is created in the same template. What is the MOST likely solution?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a slow web application running on EC2 instances behind an ALB. The application uses an RDS MySQL database. The administrator checks CloudWatch metrics and sees that the ALB's latency is high, the RDS CPU is high, and the EC2 CPU is moderate. The application team reports that the database queries are slow. The administrator suspects that the database is the bottleneck. However, the RDS instance is already a db.r5.large and the administrator wants to avoid increasing instance size due to cost. What should the administrator do to improve performance without increasing instance size?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that an Amazon RDS instance is encrypted at rest. The instance is already provisioned unencrypted. What is the correct approach to enable encryption?

A SysOps administrator is automating the creation of Amazon RDS DB instances using AWS CloudFormation. The template includes a DB instance with a Multi-AZ deployment. During a stack update, the administrator changes the DB instance class from db.t3.small to db.t3.medium. What is the expected behavior during the update?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets across multiple Availability Zones. The instances need to download software patches from the internet. The SysOps administrator requires a highly available, fully managed solution for outbound internet connectivity. Which solution should be implemented?

A company is using AWS Organizations with multiple accounts. The security team wants to ensure that all new S3 buckets created in any account have encryption enabled. Which approach should be used to enforce this policy?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance that is experiencing high CPU utilization. The administrator wants to identify the specific queries consuming the most CPU. What is the MOST efficient way to achieve this?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group that spans two Availability Zones. The application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that is deployed across the same Availability Zones. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure the application remains available if an entire Availability Zone fails. Which configuration is essential for this high availability?

A company has an S3 bucket that stores millions of small objects (1-10 KB) and uses S3 Standard storage. The bucket receives frequent PUT requests and occasional GET requests. The monthly bill shows high costs for S3 PUT requests. Which action would reduce costs?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API activity. The SysOps administrator needs to receive an email notification whenever a new IAM user is created. Which AWS services should be used together to meet this requirement with the least operational overhead?

A SysOps administrator is automating the creation of an Amazon ECS cluster with Fargate launch type using AWS CloudFormation. The template must define the task definition, service, and cluster. Which THREE resources are required to be in the template? (Choose THREE.)

Which THREE components are required to set up a site-to-site VPN connection between an on-premises network and an AWS VPC? (Choose three.)

A company stores database credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. The security policy requires that the credentials be rotated automatically every 30 days. Which action should the SysOps administrator take to enforce this requirement?

A SysOps administrator uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a stack that includes an Amazon EC2 instance. The administrator wants to ensure that if the stack is updated, the EC2 instance is not accidentally replaced if its properties change. The administrator wants the stack update to fail when a property change would require replacement. Which CloudFormation feature should the administrator use?

A company runs a stateful web application on a single EC2 instance. To improve reliability, the company wants to implement a highly available architecture. What should the SysOps administrator do?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the commands shown. Which key(s) have automatic key rotation enabled?

A company is using AWS OpsWorks for configuration management of their EC2 instances. The SysOps Administrator wants to migrate to AWS Systems Manager for a more modern approach. The administrator needs to ensure that existing instances running Amazon Linux 2 can be managed by Systems Manager without downtime. The instances are currently in a running state and are critical to operations. What should the administrator do?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all Amazon S3 buckets in an AWS account are encrypted at rest. The administrator wants to automatically remediate any bucket that is created without default encryption. Which AWS service should be used to achieve this with the least operational overhead?

A SysOps administrator wants to automate the creation of an Amazon RDS database instance using AWS CloudFormation. The database must be created in a specific VPC and must be Multi-AZ. Which CloudFormation resource property should the administrator configure to meet these requirements?

A company runs a critical database on an EC2 instance with an EBS volume. The administrator wants to create a disaster recovery plan that can recover the database in a different AWS Region within 4 hours. The database size is 1 TB. What is the MOST efficient approach to meet the RTO?

A SysOps administrator is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy a new version of an application to a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The deployment must minimize downtime and automatically roll back if any instance fails health checks. The administrator needs to configure the deployment group settings. Which two actions should the administrator take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

A company runs a batch processing job on a single EC2 instance that runs for 2 hours every night. The job is fault-tolerant and can be interrupted. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs. What is the MOST cost-effective solution?

A SysOps administrator wants to identify underutilized Amazon EC2 instances that could be downsized to reduce costs. The administrator needs a tool that provides recommendations based on historical utilization data. Which AWS service should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU utilization of an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL instance and receive an alert if the usage exceeds 80% for 5 consecutive minutes. The database is in a production environment. What is the MOST efficient way to achieve this?

A company is using Amazon CloudWatch Logs to monitor application logs from EC2 instances. The operations team wants to receive a notification when a specific error pattern appears in the logs. Which solution requires the least operational overhead?

A company hosts a web application on multiple EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The SysOps administrator receives a report that the application is experiencing intermittent 503 errors. The ALB target group health checks are configured to check the /health endpoint every 30 seconds with a healthy threshold of 2 and an unhealthy threshold of 2. The administrator checks the ALB metrics and notices that the number of healthy hosts occasionally drops to zero. The EC2 instances are normal and the application logs show no errors. What is the most likely cause and solution?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance is not sending logs to CloudWatch Logs. The instance has the CloudWatch agent installed, but no logs appear in the log group. The IAM role assigned to the instance has the following policy: {"Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [{"Effect": "Allow", "Action": ["logs:CreateLogGroup", "logs:CreateLogStream", "logs:PutLogEvents"], "Resource": "arn:aws:logs:us-east-1:123456789012:log-group:MyAppLogs:*"}]}. What is the most likely cause?

A company wants to receive alerts when its AWS costs exceed a certain threshold. Which AWS service should be used?

A company has multiple AWS accounts managed under AWS Organizations. The SysOps administrator needs to deploy a common AWS CloudFormation template to all accounts in a specific organizational unit (OU), ensuring consistent security group configurations across the organization. Which AWS service should the administrator use to perform this deployment?

A company uses Amazon S3 to store sensitive data. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that any attempt to upload an object with server-side encryption disabled is immediately detected and the administrator is notified. The administrator has enabled AWS CloudTrail and is logging S3 data events. Which approach should the administrator use to achieve this?

EC2 instances in private subnets need to access S3 buckets. Currently the instances use a NAT Gateway to reach S3 over the internet. The team wants to keep S3 traffic private (within the AWS network) and reduce NAT Gateway data processing costs. What is the correct solution?

A company wants to monitor the performance of its Amazon RDS for MySQL database. The database is experiencing high CPU utilization during peak hours. The SysOps administrator needs to identify the queries causing the load. Which AWS service should be used?

A company wants to ensure that its AWS resources are compliant with the CIS AWS Foundations Benchmark. Which TWO AWS services can be used to automate compliance checks and remediation?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting high CPU utilization on an RDS for MySQL instance. The application is read-heavy. Which optimization technique would improve performance and potentially reduce costs?

A company uses AWS Elastic Beanstalk for a Java web application. The SysOps administrator needs to deploy a new version of the application with zero downtime and minimize the risk of failure. The administrator wants to deploy the new version to a completely new set of instances, test them, and then swap the environment's CNAME to point to the new instances. Which deployment policy should the administrator choose?

A company uses Amazon S3 to store critical data. They need to protect against accidental deletion of objects. Which feature should the SysOps Administrator enable?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all traffic to an Amazon S3 bucket is encrypted in transit. Which configuration should be used?

A company uses Amazon S3 to store log files. The logs are accessed frequently for the first 30 days, then rarely accessed after that. The company must retain logs for 7 years for compliance. What is the MOST cost-effective storage solution?

A company has a VPC with a CIDR of 10.0.0.0/16. They have two subnets: subnet-A (10.0.1.0/24) and subnet-B (10.0.2.0/24). An EC2 instance in subnet-A needs to send traffic to an EC2 instance in subnet-B. Both instances are in the same VPC and have appropriate security group rules. However, traffic is not reaching the destination. What is the MOST likely cause?

Which TWO actions improve the availability of an application running on EC2 instances in a single Auto Scaling group? (Choose 2)

A company's security policy requires that all Amazon S3 buckets must be encrypted at rest using server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3). A SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect any bucket that does not have encryption enabled and automatically apply SSE-S3 encryption. The solution should leverage AWS managed services and minimize custom code. Which combination of AWS services should be used?

An organization has a policy requiring that all Amazon EC2 instances launched in the production account must have detailed monitoring enabled for Amazon CloudWatch. A SysOps administrator needs to enforce this rule automatically. Which solution will ensure that any EC2 instance launched without detailed monitoring is automatically remediated?

A company hosts a static website on Amazon S3 and uses Amazon CloudFront for content delivery. The marketing team wants to know how many users visit the website each day, including the geographic distribution. Which solution requires the LEAST operational overhead?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The operations team wants to be notified when a stack enters a ROLLBACK_IN_PROGRESS state. Which TWO methods can achieve this?

A SysOps administrator is tasked with ensuring that an Amazon S3 bucket can withstand the loss of an entire AWS Region. The bucket stores critical data that must be accessible with minimal latency from multiple regions. Which solution meets these requirements?

A company runs a stateful application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application maintains state in memory. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that when an instance is terminated, the state is preserved and a new instance can resume operation. Which approach should the administrator use?

A company runs a microservices architecture on Amazon ECS with Fargate. They need to ensure that if a task fails, it is automatically restarted. Which configuration is required?

A company runs a batch processing job every night that takes 2 hours on a single m5.xlarge EC2 instance. The job is fault-tolerant and can be interrupted. The SysOps administrator wants to reduce costs. Which solution is MOST cost-effective?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure high availability for a web application running on EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones. Which TWO actions should the administrator take?

A company runs a stateful web application on a single EC2 instance. The SysOps Administrator wants to improve fault tolerance. Which design should they implement?

A SysOps administrator is designing a VPC for a web application that must be secure. Which THREE security measures should the administrator implement? (Choose THREE.)

Drag and drop the steps to migrate an on-premises application to AWS using AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) into the correct order.

A SysOps administrator is reviewing the monthly AWS bill and notices a significant cost for data transfer from EC2 to the internet. The EC2 instances are in a VPC and serve content to users. Which action would MOST effectively reduce data transfer costs?

A company uses an Amazon DynamoDB table with provisioned capacity. The average write usage is 500 write capacity units (WCU) but regularly spikes to 2,000 WCU during business hours. The SysOps administrator wants to reduce costs without affecting performance during the spikes. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company uses AWS CodePipeline to deploy a web application to Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. During a deployment, the pipeline fails at the Deploy stage with an error indicating that the CodeDeploy agent is not responding. The instances are in an Auto Scaling group. What is the MOST likely cause of this issue?

A company has an application that runs on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application uses an RDS Multi-AZ database. The company wants to ensure that the application remains available during a database failover. What should the SysOps administrator do?

A company is designing a highly available architecture for a web application using AWS services. Which TWO actions should the SysOps administrator take to improve reliability? (Choose TWO.)

An organization is using OpsWorks to manage a stack of application servers. They need to automatically scale out based on CPU utilization. Which configuration should the SysOps administrator use to achieve this?

A SysOps administrator is optimizing costs for an AWS account. The account has multiple EC2 instances running 24/7 with varying utilization. Which TWO actions will help reduce costs without impacting performance? (Choose TWO.)

A SysOps administrator needs to reduce costs for a fleet of EC2 instances that run a stateless web application. The instances are currently On-Demand. The workload runs 24/7 for the next 12 months. Which pricing model provides the greatest cost savings?

A company's security policy requires that all Amazon S3 buckets must be encrypted at rest with AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed keys. A SysOps administrator discovers that some buckets are not encrypted. Which combination of AWS services should be used to automatically detect and remediate non-compliant buckets using infrastructure as code?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an IAM policy that is not granting the expected permissions. The policy has a Deny effect on a specific action, but the user is still able to perform that action. What is the most likely reason?

A company's security team requires that all Amazon EC2 instances in a specific AWS account must have the tag 'Environment' set to either 'Production' or 'Test'. Any instance that is launched without this tag or with an invalid value must be automatically terminated within five minutes. Which combination of AWS services can enforce this requirement with minimal manual intervention?

A company stores large volumes of log data in Amazon S3. The logs are accessed frequently for the first 30 days, then occasionally for the next 60 days, and after 90 days they are rarely accessed but must be retained for 7 years for compliance. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize storage costs while ensuring data is available when needed. Which S3 lifecycle policy configuration should be applied?

A company runs a production Amazon DynamoDB table with provisioned capacity of 1000 write capacity units (WCU). The table experiences unpredictable spikes up to 2000 WCU, causing throttling. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize cost while handling the spikes. Which solution should be used?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance cannot access an S3 bucket using an instance profile. The instance profile has an IAM role with a policy that allows s3:GetObject on the bucket. The S3 bucket policy has a Deny for all principals except a specific service role. What is the most likely reason for the access failure?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator deployed the CloudFormation template. Which statement is true about data protection?

A SysOps administrator is investigating a performance issue where an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance's ReadIOPS metric is consistently high. The database is used by a web application. Which THREE actions should the administrator take to improve performance?

Refer to the exhibit. The security team wants to ensure that all objects uploaded to the S3 bucket 'my-secure-bucket' are encrypted at rest. Based on the CloudTrail log entry, what can be concluded about the object 'confidential.pdf'?

A company wants to monitor the performance of its application running on EC2. Which TWO metrics should be monitored to detect performance bottlenecks? (Choose TWO.)

A company has an EC2-based application that runs at inconsistent times. The workloads are fault-tolerant and can be interrupted. Which purchasing option provides the most cost savings?

A company has an AWS account with multiple VPCs connected via a transit gateway. The security team wants to centrally manage VPC security group rules and ensure compliance. Which approach is most effective?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all S3 buckets in the account have server access logging enabled. The administrator wants to be notified if a bucket is created without logging. What is the most efficient solution?

A company has deployed an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a VPC. The ALB is configured with a target group pointing to EC2 instances in a private subnet. Clients receive HTTP 503 errors. What is the likely cause?

A company uses AWS Lambda functions to process messages from an SQS queue. The Lambda function is configured with a reserved concurrency of 100. The SQS queue receives unpredictable spikes of up to 10,000 messages per second. The function takes about 1 second to process a message. The SysOps team notices that during spikes, messages are being throttled and appear in the DLQ. How can the team resolve this while optimizing cost?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the memory utilization of an EC2 instance running Amazon Linux 2. Which of the following is required to publish memory metrics to CloudWatch?

Which TWO options are valid ways to send custom metrics to Amazon CloudWatch?

A company is running a critical application on Amazon RDS for MySQL. The database is experiencing high read traffic, causing performance issues. The SysOps administrator needs to improve read performance while keeping costs low. Which solution should the administrator choose?

A SysOps team is using CloudWatch to monitor CPU utilization of EC2 instances. They want to receive a notification when average CPU exceeds 80% for 5 consecutive minutes. Which combination of services should they use?

A company's security team notices that an IAM user has access keys that have not been rotated in over a year. Which action should the SysOps administrator take to enforce key rotation automatically?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a failed AWS CloudFormation stack update. The error message indicates that a resource failed to create due to insufficient IAM permissions. The administrator used a service role for CloudFormation. What should the administrator do to resolve the issue?

A company has an Amazon S3 bucket that stores critical data. The security team wants to be notified whenever an object in the bucket is deleted. Which solution should the SysOps administrator implement?

An application running on EC2 instances stores session data in an attached EBS volume. The company wants to ensure session data is not lost if an instance fails. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. The private subnets host application servers that need to make outbound HTTPS connections to the internet. The SysOps administrator must implement a solution that provides outbound internet connectivity while preventing inbound connections from the internet. Additionally, the solution must allow the company to control which domains the application servers can access. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company has an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The SysOps administrator notices that the healthy host count is lower than expected. The instances are in service, and security groups allow traffic. What is a likely cause?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a slow-running RDS MySQL instance. The administrator notices that the ReadIOPS metric is consistently high, but the WriteIOPS is low. The instance type is db.m5.large with 300 GB of General Purpose SSD (gp2). What is the most likely cause?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a VPC with public and private subnets. The stack creation fails with the error 'The maximum number of VPCs has been reached.' The SysOps administrator needs to deploy the stack as soon as possible. What should the administrator do?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets in two Availability Zones. An Application Load Balancer (ALB) in the public subnets routes traffic to EC2 instances in the private subnets. The EC2 instances need to access the internet for software updates. Which solution is MOST secure and cost-effective?

A company uses AWS CodePipeline to automate deployments. The pipeline has a source stage that pulls code from an Amazon S3 bucket. The company wants to automatically trigger the pipeline when a new object is uploaded to the S3 bucket. How should this be configured?

A SysOps administrator manages a web application running on Amazon EC2 instances that run 24/7 for the next 12 months. The workload is steady and predictable. Which EC2 purchasing option provides the highest cost savings for this use case?

A company uses AWS CodeBuild to compile code and run unit tests. The build environment requires a specific version of Java that is not available in the default build images. What should the administrator do?

A company hosts a static website on Amazon S3 with public read access enabled. The website is accessed via a custom domain name that uses Amazon Route 53. The domain name points to the S3 bucket's website endpoint. Users report that they can access the website using the S3 bucket URL but not the custom domain name. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator is configuring Amazon CloudFront to serve content from an Amazon S3 bucket. The content is sensitive and should be encrypted at rest. Which option ensures that content is encrypted at rest in S3?

A company uses AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to Amazon EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator wants to implement a deployment strategy that minimizes risk by deploying the new version to a small number of instances first, verifying that the deployment is successful, and then deploying to the remaining instances. If the initial deployment fails, the process should stop and roll back. Which CodeDeploy deployment configuration should be used?

A SysOps administrator manages a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that run critical software. The administrator needs to automatically apply security patches every Tuesday at 2 AM. The instances are part of an Auto Scaling group and must be patched without downtime. Which AWS Systems Manager feature should be used?

A company is using AWS CodePipeline to automate their CI/CD pipeline. The pipeline includes a deployment stage that uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The company wants to add a manual approval step before the CloudFormation deployment. How should this be configured?

A SysOps administrator uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a stack that includes an Amazon EC2 instance and a security group. The administrator wants to ensure that when the stack is updated, the security group is not accidentally replaced if its properties change. The administrator wants to receive a failure if an update would require replacement of the security group. Which CloudFormation feature should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator configures AWS CloudTrail to log all management events in a company's AWS account. The administrator needs to ensure that CloudTrail logs are not deleted for at least 5 years to meet compliance requirements. Which configuration should the administrator apply?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The application is deployed in a single Availability Zone. The SysOps administrator notices that during peak hours, the application becomes slow and some requests fail. CloudWatch metrics show that CPU utilization on the instances reaches 90%, but the Auto Scaling group does not scale out. The administrator has configured a target tracking scaling policy based on average CPU utilization with a target value of 75%. The Auto Scaling group has a minimum of 2, maximum of 10, and desired capacity of 2. What is the MOST likely reason the Auto Scaling group is not scaling out?

A SysOps administrator needs to detect unauthorized changes to security groups and automatically notify the operations team. Which two AWS services should be part of the solution? (Choose 2.)

Which TWO actions can be taken to improve the availability of a web application hosted on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer? (Select two.)

A company hosts a web application behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in us-east-1. Users in Europe report high latency. The SysOps administrator decides to use AWS Global Accelerator to improve performance by directing traffic to the closest edge location. However, the application logs require the original client IP addresses of users. The ALB currently provides the client IP via the X-Forwarded-For header, but the development team warns that Global Accelerator may change the source IP. Which configuration should the administrator choose to meet both performance and logging requirements?

A SysOps administrator wants to monitor the cost of EC2 instances. Which AWS service should be used to visualize and track costs over time?

A SysOps administrator is configuring a new AWS account and wants to set up a secure password policy for IAM users. The policy must require at least 12 characters, one uppercase letter, one number, and must prevent password reuse. Where should this policy be configured?

A SysOps administrator needs to automate the creation of an Amazon RDS for MySQL database instance. The administrator wants to use AWS CloudFormation and ensure that the database password is not stored in plaintext in the template. Which solution meets these requirements?

A SysOps administrator manages a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The administrator needs to identify underutilized instances and receive recommendations for instance type changes to reduce costs. Which AWS service should be used to provide these rightsizing recommendations?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an ALB. They want to optimize costs for variable traffic patterns while maintaining high availability. Which solution is MOST cost-effective?

An application running on an Amazon EC2 instance needs to access an Amazon S3 bucket. The company security policy requires that credentials are not stored on the instance. What is the most secure way to grant access?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a CloudFormation stack across multiple AWS accounts in an organization using AWS Organizations. The administrator wants to use a single template and a single deployment operation. Which AWS service should be used to centrally manage the deployment?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences variable traffic patterns. What is the MOST cost-effective way to ensure the application scales based on demand?

An organization needs to back up an Amazon EFS file system daily and retain backups for 30 days. Which AWS service provides a managed backup solution for EFS?

A company has an on-premises data center connected to AWS via an AWS Direct Connect private virtual interface (VIF). The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all traffic between the on-premises network and Amazon S3 in the same AWS Region stays within the AWS network and does not traverse the internet. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company runs a REST API on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The SysOps administrator needs to monitor the API endpoint from multiple geographic locations and receive an alarm if the p90 latency exceeds 2 seconds for two consecutive checks. The solution must use AWS managed services and not require custom code running on EC2. Which approach should the administrator use?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to record all API activity. The SysOps administrator needs to be alerted in real time when an IAM user creates a new access key. Which combination of AWS services should be used to create this alert?

Which TWO measures help protect an AWS account root user? (Choose two.)

A SysOps administrator is investigating a security breach. An IAM user 'Bob' is suspected of performing unauthorized actions. The administrator needs to determine the source IP addresses from which Bob's access keys were used in the last 30 days. Which AWS service or feature should be used?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a stack that includes an Amazon RDS DB instance. The administrator wants to ensure that the DB instance is not deleted when the stack is deleted. Which property should the administrator set in the CloudFormation template?

A company hosts a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Users report intermittent 503 errors. Which step should the SysOps administrator take to troubleshoot the issue?

A SysOps administrator is planning for disaster recovery of an RDS MySQL database. The database is currently in a single AZ. Which TWO actions will improve recovery time and reduce data loss? (Select TWO.)

A company has two Amazon VPCs: VPC-A (10.0.0.0/16) and VPC-B (10.1.0.0/16) in the same AWS Region. The SysOps administrator needs to enable private IP connectivity between the two VPCs without using the public internet. The solution must be simple, low-cost, and provide high throughput. Which AWS service should the administrator use?

A company is designing a highly available web application on AWS. The application runs on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Which configuration ensures that the application remains available if an entire AWS Availability Zone fails?

A company runs a global e-commerce application that uses Amazon DynamoDB as its primary database. The application requires single-digit millisecond read and write latency from any region and must continue to operate during a regional outage with minimal data loss. Which DynamoDB feature should the SysOps administrator enable to meet these requirements?

An application writes error logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The SysOps administrator needs to monitor for the occurrence of the string 'ERROR' in the logs and trigger an Amazon SNS notification if more than 10 errors occur within a 5-minute window. The administrator also wants to visualize the error count over time. Which approach should be used to meet these requirements with the least operational overhead?

A company wants to use Amazon CloudFront to distribute content globally with low latency. Which TWO features of CloudFront help achieve this?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an application that runs on an EC2 instance. The application is experiencing high latency, and the administrator suspects a memory leak. Which metrics should the administrator examine first?

A SysOps administrator deploys the CloudFormation template shown in the exhibit. The stack creation fails with a security group error. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront to deliver its static website hosted on Amazon S3. The security team notices that users are able to access the S3 bucket directly via the S3 endpoint, bypassing CloudFront. What should be done to ensure that content is only accessible through CloudFront?

A web application is deployed in us-east-1 (primary) and eu-west-1 (standby). Under normal conditions, all traffic should go to us-east-1. If the us-east-1 health check fails, traffic must automatically redirect to eu-west-1 within 30 to 60 seconds. What Route 53 configuration implements this?

A company has multiple on-premises branch offices, each with a site-to-site VPN connection to a single VPC in AWS. The SysOps administrator needs to enable communication between the branch offices using the AWS cloud as a hub. Which configuration should be implemented to achieve this with the least operational overhead?

Developers are allowed to create IAM roles for their Lambda functions. However, the security team is concerned that developers could create roles with Administrator access, granting Lambda functions more permissions than the developers themselves have. What IAM feature prevents privilege escalation in this scenario?

A company wants to centrally manage access to AWS accounts for its employees. Which AWS service should be used to create and manage users and groups across multiple accounts?

A company runs a production application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The application uses an RDS for PostgreSQL database. The SysOps administrator has configured a read replica in a different AWS Region for disaster recovery. During a disaster, the primary region becomes unavailable. The administrator promotes the read replica to a standalone instance. After promoting, the application fails to connect to the new database because the endpoint changed. The administrator needs to minimize downtime. What should the administrator do to handle the endpoint change automatically?

An organization uses Amazon CloudFront to serve static content from an S3 bucket. The content is updated frequently, but users are seeing stale files. What is the most efficient way to invalidate the cache for updated objects?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor application logs stored in Amazon CloudWatch Logs for the term 'CRITICAL'. When more than 5 'CRITICAL' entries appear in a 5-minute window, the administrator wants to automatically restart the underlying Amazon EC2 instance. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple accounts. The security team wants to ensure that no IAM users in any member account can create access keys for themselves. What is the MOST efficient way to enforce this policy across all accounts?

An organization has a VPC peering connection between VPC A and VPC B. Instances in VPC A can reach instances in VPC B, but not vice versa. What is the most likely cause?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a VPC. Users report slow load times. The SysOps team notices that all traffic goes to a single availability zone. Which action should be taken to improve performance and reliability?

Refer to the exhibit. The command returns no events for RunInstances during the specified time period. The administrator knows that instances were launched during that time. What is the most likely cause?

A company stores critical data in an Amazon S3 bucket in the us-west-2 Region. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all objects are automatically replicated to another AWS Region for disaster recovery. The Recovery Point Objective (RPO) must be less than 15 minutes, and existing objects must also be replicated. Which S3 feature should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator needs to audit all API calls made in the AWS account, including actions performed by the root user. Which service should be enabled?

A SysOps administrator is asked to ensure that all objects in an S3 bucket are encrypted at rest using a customer-managed KMS key. The bucket currently has default encryption set to SSE-S3. What must be done to meet the requirement?

A SysOps administrator notices that an EC2 instance's CPU utilization has been above 90% for the past hour. The instance is part of an Auto Scaling group with a CPU utilization-based scaling policy. However, no new instances have been launched. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) to distribute traffic to EC2 instances. The security team wants to ensure that all traffic between the ALB and the instances is encrypted. Which configuration step is required?

A SysOps administrator is investigating a failed CloudFormation stack creation. The describe-stack-events output shows that the stack creation failed with the reason 'Resource creation cancelled'. What is the most likely cause of this failure?

A SysOps administrator is investigating a security incident where an unauthorized key pair was created. The CloudTrail lookup command output is shown. The administrator wants to find the source IP address of the 'admin' user who created the key pair. Which field in the 'CloudTrailEvent' JSON should the administrator examine?

A SysOps administrator wants to deploy a new version of an application to an existing Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances. The deployment must minimize disruption by launching new instances, performing health checks, and shifting traffic to the new instances before terminating the old ones. Which AWS CodeDeploy deployment configuration should the administrator choose?

A company is running a production web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The company wants to optimize costs without sacrificing performance. Which TWO actions should the SysOps administrator take?

A company needs to resolve DNS names for on-premises servers from AWS. They have set up a DHCP options set with the on-premises DNS server IP. Which additional step is required?

A production RDS MySQL database stores financial records. The team needs the ability to restore the database to any point within the last 7 days in case of accidental data deletion. Automated backups are currently disabled. What must be configured?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that data in an S3 bucket is encrypted at rest. The bucket already has server-side encryption with S3 managed keys (SSE-S3) enabled. Which additional step is required to enforce encryption for all objects?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets in two Availability Zones. The private subnets need outbound internet access for EC2 instances to download updates. Which THREE components are required to achieve this? (Choose three.)

A SysOps administrator is deploying a critical application using AWS CloudFormation. The stack must be updated frequently. Which TWO strategies should the administrator use to minimize the risk of update failures? (Choose TWO.)

A company runs a production Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance in a single Availability Zone. The SysOps administrator needs to improve database availability to ensure automatic failover if the primary instance fails. Which configuration should the administrator enable?

A SysOps administrator is designing a solution to manage secrets (e.g., database credentials) for a multi-tier application running on EC2 instances. The solution must rotate secrets automatically and provide fine-grained access control. Which TWO services should be used together? (Choose TWO.)

Which TWO configurations can improve the performance of an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL database that is experiencing high read latency? (Choose TWO.)

A company is using Amazon CloudFront with an S3 bucket as the origin. The S3 bucket contains sensitive data that should only be accessible via CloudFront. The SysOps administrator has configured an Origin Access Identity (OAI) and updated the bucket policy to allow access only to the OAI. However, users are still able to access the S3 bucket directly via the S3 URL. What is the most likely reason?

A company uses AWS Organizations with multiple accounts. The security team wants to enforce that all IAM users in member accounts must use MFA. They create an SCP that denies all actions if the IAM user does not have MFA. However, the SCP does not apply to the root user. The SysOps administrator finds that some IAM users in member accounts are still able to access the console without MFA. What is the most likely reason?

A company uses AWS Global Accelerator to improve performance of a TCP application. Users in Asia report higher latency than users in Europe. The endpoints are all in us-east-1. What is the BEST solution?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation with nested stacks. The parent stack creates a child stack that launches an Auto Scaling group. The child stack fails to create, and the parent stack rolls back. The administrator wants to debug the child stack. What is the most efficient way to view the child stack's events?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in a single Availability Zone. The SysOps administrator wants to increase the availability of the application so that it can survive an Availability Zone failure. Which action is the most effective?

A SysOps administrator is automating the deployment of an application across multiple AWS accounts using AWS CodePipeline. The pipeline must deploy to different environments (dev, test, prod) sequentially. Which deployment approach should be used?

Drag and drop the steps to configure an Amazon Route 53 failover routing policy into the correct order.

A company is deploying a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application needs to maintain user session state. Which configuration ensures session stickiness with minimal performance impact?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances are in an Auto Scaling group across three Availability Zones. To improve reliability, the company wants to ensure that if an entire Availability Zone fails, the application remains available. Which configuration should be implemented?

A SysOps administrator receives an alert that a VPN connection between a VPC and an on-premises network is down. The VPN uses static routing. After verifying the on-premises side is functioning, what should the administrator check in AWS?

A company uses AWS Organizations and wants to restrict the use of specific AWS services across all member accounts. Which TWO methods can be used to enforce these restrictions? (Choose TWO.)

Which TWO actions can a SysOps administrator take to improve the availability of a web application using an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and EC2 instances? (Choose two.)

An application writes logs to an S3 bucket. The logs are accessed frequently for the first 30 days, then rarely after that, but must be retained for 7 years. Which THREE steps should be taken to optimize cost? (Choose three.)

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance running a web server is unreachable. The instance passes status checks and is in a healthy state. Security groups and network ACLs are configured correctly. CloudWatch metrics show CPU utilization is 5%. The administrator can SSH into the instance but cannot connect to the web server on port 443. What is the most likely cause?

A company wants to host a static website on AWS with high availability and low latency for global users. Which service should be used to serve the static content?

A company runs a production database on an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance in a single Availability Zone. The SysOps administrator needs to improve the database's availability to meet an SLA of 99.99% and ensure automatic failover in case of a database failure. Which configuration change should be made?

A company wants to allow its employees to access internal applications using a custom domain name (app.example.com) that resolves to an internal ALB. Which AWS service should be used?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator creates a CloudFormation stack with the template shown. After 30 days, what happens to noncurrent versions of objects in the bucket?

An organization uses AWS Systems Manager to manage a fleet of EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator needs to run a script on all instances that have a specific tag (Environment: Production). The script must be executed immediately and only once. Which approach should be used?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API activity. The security team needs to be alerted when an IAM user creates a new access key. Which combination of services should the SysOps administrator use to meet this requirement?

A company wants to distribute content with low latency to users globally. The content is static and stored in an S3 bucket. Which AWS service should be used?

A company has multiple VPCs in the same account that need to communicate with each other. The VPCs are in the same region. Which solution provides the simplest and most scalable connectivity?

A SysOps administrator notices that an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group is growing rapidly and suspects that an EC2 instance is sending sensitive data to the logs. What is the most effective way to detect and redact sensitive data in real-time?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a stack that includes an EC2 instance and an S3 bucket. The SysOps administrator needs to monitor the stack for any changes to the S3 bucket's bucket policy. Which AWS service should be used?

A company has an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that routes traffic to Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets of a VPC. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the EC2 instances can download software updates from the internet, but they must not be directly accessible from the internet. The solution should minimize operational overhead. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that an S3 bucket can recover from accidental deletions by users. The bucket stores versioned objects. What additional configuration should be enabled to prevent permanent deletion?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a multi-tier application. The stack includes an Application Load Balancer, Auto Scaling group, and RDS database. The SysOps administrator receives a notification that a stack update has failed. The administrator wants to investigate the failure and understand which resource caused the issue. The stack is in the UPDATE_ROLLBACK_IN_PROGRESS state. What should the administrator do to identify the failed resource?

An administrator attempts to deploy an application using AWS CodeDeploy. The deployment fails with 'Access Denied' when trying to download the revision from the S3 bucket 'example-bucket'. The IAM policy attached to the instance profile is shown in the exhibit. What is the cause of the failure?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all traffic between an on-premises data center and the AWS VPC is encrypted and goes over the internet. Which AWS service should be used?

Refer to the exhibit. An application running on EC2 is using the AWS SDK to publish custom metrics to CloudWatch. The application fails to publish metrics. The IAM role attached to the EC2 instance has this policy. What is the issue?

A company uses Amazon Route 53 as its DNS service. They have a domain example.com with an alias record pointing to an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Recently, they updated the ALB's DNS name, but the Route 53 record was not updated. Users are still being directed to the old ALB, which has been decommissioned. The SysOps administrator updates the alias record to point to the new ALB DNS name. However, users still experience errors for several hours. What is the most likely reason?

A company has a CloudFront distribution with an S3 bucket as the origin. The S3 bucket contains sensitive data that should only be accessible through CloudFront. Which configuration is required to ensure that direct access to the S3 bucket is blocked?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The application stores session data on local instance storage. Users report that they are unexpectedly logged out during peak traffic. Which action should the SysOps Administrator take to improve reliability?

A company is using AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy a web application. The application uses a custom Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that must be updated periodically. The SysOps administrator creates a new AMI and updates the Elastic Beanstalk environment's configuration. However, new instances are still launched with the old AMI. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses AWS CodeDeploy to automate deployments to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment fails with the error 'The overall deployment failed because too many individual instances failed deployment'. The logs on a failed instance show that the 'BeforeInstall' lifecycle event script exited with a non-zero exit code. What is the MOST likely cause?

A company uses AWS Organizations with SCPs to restrict member accounts. The security team wants to prevent all users in the 'Developers' OU from deleting S3 buckets, except for the root user of the management account. How should this be implemented?

A company wants to provide temporary security credentials to a mobile application so it can access an S3 bucket. Which AWS service should be used to issue these credentials?

A SysOps administrator needs to audit all IAM user activity in the AWS account for the last 90 days. Which AWS service should be used?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy its infrastructure. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the application stack can be recreated in another AWS Region in the event of a disaster. The stack includes an RDS MySQL database and an EC2 instance running a web server. The administrator wants to automate the backup of the RDS database and the EC2 instance configuration. What is the MOST efficient way to achieve this?

A company wants to use Amazon CloudFront to serve content from an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that is internet-facing. Which type of origin should be configured in CloudFront?

A company has an Amazon DynamoDB table with on-demand capacity mode. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the table can survive a regional outage. The table is currently in us-east-1. Which feature should be configured to achieve regional resilience with minimal data loss?

A DevOps engineer wants to automate the creation of an Amazon EC2 instance with a specific security group and IAM role. Which AWS service should be used to define the infrastructure as code?

A company operates a web application behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The SysOps administrator needs to block incoming requests from specific geographic locations (countries X and Y) and also enforce a rate limit of 100 requests per IP address per 5-minute window to mitigate DDoS attacks. The solution must be centrally configured and apply to all requests handled by the ALB. Which AWS service should be used to implement these requirements?

A SysOps admin is investigating why a CloudWatch alarm did not trigger an SNS notification when a metric breached the threshold. The alarm state is visible in the console as 'ALARM'. What is the most likely reason the notification was not sent?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all Amazon S3 buckets in an AWS account are encrypted at rest using server-side encryption. Which combination of actions should be taken to enforce this policy?

A company needs to audit all changes to IAM policies in their AWS account. Which AWS service should be used to track these changes?

A SysOps administrator is creating a monitoring solution for a web application that uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances. The administrator wants to monitor the average request count per minute and the number of healthy hosts. Which TWO CloudWatch metrics should the administrator use? (Choose TWO.)

A company has an S3 bucket policy as shown. A developer tries to upload an object using the AWS CLI without the --no-verify-ssl flag. What will happen?

Match each AWS database service to its type.

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a multi-tier application. The stack includes an RDS DB instance with automated backups enabled. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the database can be recovered to any point within the last 35 days with minimal data loss. What should the administrator do?

A company runs an e-commerce application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Auto Scaling group. The application has a predictable baseline load from 8 AM to 8 PM daily and low load overnight. The SysOps administrator wants to optimize costs while ensuring sufficient capacity for the baseline load. Which purchasing option and scaling strategy should the administrator use?

A company runs a stateful web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across two Availability Zones. The application uses an Application Load Balancer for traffic distribution. Users report that their sessions are frequently lost during scale-in events. The SysOps administrator needs to minimize session loss without introducing significant latency. What should the administrator do?

A company uses AWS CodePipeline to deploy a web application. The pipeline includes a stage that runs a database migration script. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that if the migration script fails, the entire pipeline stops and the previous version of the application remains deployed. Which pipeline stage configuration should be used to achieve this behavior?

A SysOps administrator notices that a Lambda function is timing out after 30 seconds. The function processes large files from S3. How can the administrator improve performance while minimizing cost?

An application running on EC2 instances sends custom metrics to CloudWatch using the PutMetricData API. The metrics are not appearing in the CloudWatch console. The IAM role attached to the instances has the following policy: { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": "cloudwatch:PutMetricData", "Resource": "*" } ] }. What is the most likely cause?

A company has an EC2 instance that needs to have a static public IP address that does not change even if the instance is stopped and started. Which AWS resource should be attached to the instance?

A SysOps administrator uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The administrator needs to store and reference sensitive data such as database passwords in the stack without hardcoding them in the template. Which CloudFormation feature should be used?

A company has an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in the us-east-1 region. Users in Asia report high latency. The SysOps administrator wants to use AWS Global Accelerator to improve performance by directing traffic to the closest edge location. Which step is required to integrate Global Accelerator with the ALB?

A security policy prohibits opening SSH port 22 on any EC2 instance. The operations team needs to run a shell script on 150 Linux instances to collect configuration inventory data. The script output must be captured for review. How should the team execute the script?

A company has a web application behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a VPC. The application needs to authenticate users using an external identity provider (IdP). The SysOps Administrator recommends using Amazon Cognito as an identity broker. Which ALB action should be configured to authenticate users before forwarding requests to the target group?

A SysOps administrator uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The admin has a template that creates an EC2 instance with a custom software stack. The software stack must be installed and configured using PowerShell scripts. The admin wants to minimize operational overhead by automating the creation of an AMI that includes the software stack, and the AMI should be rebuilt on a weekly basis to include the latest security patches. Which combination of AWS services should be used?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor AWS CloudTrail logs for any calls to the 'CreateUser' API in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM). When such an API call is detected, the administrator wants to receive a notification within a few minutes and also log the event to a central log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The solution should use minimal custom code. Which combination of services should be used?

A SysOps administrator notices that traffic to an Application Load Balancer (ALB) is being rejected. The ALB has a security group that allows inbound HTTP (80) and HTTPS (443) from 0.0.0.0/0. The target group health checks are failing. What could be the issue?

An application runs on EC2 instances behind an ALB. Users report slow response times. CPU utilization averages 90% during peak hours. What is the MOST effective way to improve performance?

A company runs a batch processing job every night on Amazon EC2 instances. The job takes exactly 2 hours to complete and can be interrupted and resumed later. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs. Which purchasing option should be used?

A company requires that all Amazon S3 buckets in its AWS account must be encrypted using AWS KMS (SSE-KMS). The SysOps administrator needs to detect any bucket that does not have KMS encryption enabled and automatically remediate it by enabling encryption. Which AWS service should be used to implement this automated compliance enforcement?

A SysOps administrator needs to automate the creation of an Amazon S3 bucket with versioning enabled and default encryption using AWS CloudFormation. Which CloudFormation resource type should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor application logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs for the occurrence of the string 'ERROR'. The administrator wants to create a custom metric that counts the number of 'ERROR' occurrences per 5-minute window and trigger an Amazon CloudWatch alarm when the count exceeds 10. Which action should the administrator take to create the custom metric?

Which THREE components are required to establish a site-to-site VPN connection between an AWS VPC and an on-premises network? (Choose three.)

A SysOps administrator is creating a CloudFormation stack and receives the error shown in the exhibit. The template snippet for the Auto Scaling group is: "MyAutoScalingGroup": { "Type": "AWS::AutoScaling::AutoScalingGroup", "Properties": { "MinSize": "1", "MaxSize": "5", "DesiredCapacity": "2", ... } }

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all traffic to an Application Load Balancer (ALB) uses encryption. How can this be enforced?

A SysOps Administrator is configuring VPC Flow Logs to monitor network traffic. Which THREE pieces of information are included in VPC Flow Log records?

A SysOps administrator needs to automatically deploy a new version of an application to a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances every time changes are pushed to the main branch of a code repository hosted on AWS CodeCommit. Which combination of AWS services should be used?

A company needs a dedicated private network connection from its on-premises data center to AWS that provides consistent network performance and high bandwidth. The connection must bypass the public internet. Which AWS service should the SysOps administrator use?

A company has a production application running on Amazon ECS with Fargate launch type. The application uses an Application Load Balancer. The SysOps administrator notices that during deployments, the application experiences a brief period of downtime. Which combination of actions should the administrator take to achieve zero-downtime deployments?

A company is using Amazon S3 to store data for analytics. The data is accessed frequently for the first 30 days, then rarely after that. The company wants to optimize storage costs. Which THREE actions should the SysOps administrator recommend?

Match each AWS cost management tool to its purpose.

A company has a centralized logging solution where CloudTrail logs from multiple accounts are delivered to a single S3 bucket. The security team needs to be alerted when an IAM user is created in any of the accounts. Which steps should be taken? (Choose THREE.)

A company hosts a static website on Amazon S3. Users access the website from around the world. The SysOps administrator needs to deliver content with low latency and support HTTPS with a custom domain. Which AWS service should be used?

A company is using AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy a web application. The application experiences high traffic during peak hours. The SysOps administrator wants to automatically scale the environment based on CPU utilization. Which configuration change is required?

Refer to the exhibit. The output shows the health status of two targets in a target group. One target is unhealthy with a 502 error. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses AWS Elastic Beanstalk for a Java application. The environment uses a custom platform. The SysOps administrator wants to update the environment's configuration to use a larger instance type to handle increased load. What is the correct way to perform this change with minimal downtime?

A company is designing a backup strategy for its on-premises file servers to AWS. Which TWO services can be used to back up data to AWS? (Choose TWO.)

A company is using Amazon Route 53 as its DNS service. The company has a web application running on an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company wants to ensure that if the ALB fails, traffic is automatically redirected to a static error page hosted on an Amazon S3 bucket. Which Route 53 routing policy should be used to achieve this?

A SysOps administrator is configuring an Amazon RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ deployment. What is the primary benefit of using Multi-AZ?

Match each AWS compute service to its use case.

A company has an S3 bucket that stores critical data. The bucket has versioning enabled. A SysOps administrator accidentally deletes a version of an object. What is the quickest way to recover the deleted version?

A company has an on-premises data center connected to AWS via an AWS Direct Connect connection. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure high availability for the connectivity. Which configuration provides the highest availability for the Direct Connect connection?

A SysOps administrator needs to create a custom Amazon CloudWatch metric to track the number of active user sessions from application logs. The administrator wants to publish this metric to CloudWatch and set an alarm when the count exceeds a threshold. Which solution should be used?

A SysOps administrator is provisioning an Auto Scaling group (ASG) for a stateless web application. The ASG should launch EC2 instances in multiple Availability Zones. The administrator needs to ensure that instances are evenly distributed across Availability Zones. Which configuration should the administrator use?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the command to list running EC2 instances. What is the purpose of the '--query' parameter?

A company runs 200 EC2 Linux instances across three accounts. The security team requires that critical OS patches are applied automatically every Sunday at 2 AM UTC. Currently patches are applied manually and inconsistently. What is the recommended AWS-native solution?

A company runs a stateless web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The instances are behind an Application Load Balancer. The Auto Scaling group uses a dynamic scaling policy based on average CPU utilization. During a traffic spike, new instances are launched but take 5 minutes to become healthy. Users experience errors during this time. Which solution would reduce the time to serve traffic from new instances?

A company runs a critical application on a single Amazon EC2 instance with an attached Amazon EBS volume. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a disaster recovery solution that meets a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 15 minutes and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 30 minutes. The application runs continuously and data changes frequently. Which solution should the administrator implement?

An organization uses AWS CloudFormation to manage infrastructure. They have a stack that includes an Amazon RDS DB instance. The administrator wants to update the DB instance's allocated storage without downtime. The DB instance is currently using gp2 storage. Which action should the administrator take?

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple accounts. The security team wants to restrict all accounts from using specific AWS services unless explicitly allowed. Which feature should be used?

A company has an EC2 instance that needs to access an S3 bucket. The instance is launched in a private subnet with no internet gateway. What is the most secure way to provide access to S3 without traversing the internet?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator creates this stack. Which of the following is true about the bucket?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a new version of an application to an Auto Scaling group using a blue/green deployment strategy. The application runs on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Which AWS service should be used to automate this deployment?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting slow application performance. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. Amazon CloudWatch metrics show that the average CPU utilization across the instances is below 20%, but the application is still slow. What is the MOST likely cause of the performance issue?

A SysOps administrator notices that an EC2 instance's status check fails intermittently. The instance is part of an Auto Scaling group. What is the most efficient way to automatically recover the instance?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all S3 buckets in the account are configured with server access logging. Which AWS service can evaluate the buckets and automatically remediate non-compliant buckets?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator deploys this CloudFormation stack. The EC2 instance launches and the web server starts. However, the CloudWatch alarm does not trigger even when CPU utilization exceeds 80%. What is the MOST likely reason?

A company runs a critical application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group with a minimum of 2 instances. The instances are in a single Availability Zone. The company wants to achieve 99.99% availability. Which change should they make?

A company is using AWS Cost Explorer to analyze spending. They want to receive an email alert when costs exceed a certain threshold. Which service should they use?

A company requires that all S3 buckets be tagged with a 'CostCenter' tag. A SysOps administrator needs to enforce this and prevent creation of untagged buckets. Which approach should be used?

A SysOps administrator is deploying a new application using AWS CloudFormation. The template includes an EC2 instance with a UserData script that installs software from a private S3 bucket. What is the BEST way to ensure the EC2 instance can access the S3 bucket without storing long-term credentials on the instance?

A company wants to ensure that all Amazon S3 buckets have versioning enabled to protect against accidental deletion of objects. A SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect any buckets that do not have versioning enabled and receive notifications. Which AWS service should the administrator use?

A company uses Amazon S3 to store backup data. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the data is protected against accidental deletion by users with administrative privileges. Which combination of actions should the administrator take? (Choose TWO.)

A company runs a stateless web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The application experiences increased latency during peak hours. The SysOps administrator needs to improve the application's performance and reliability. Which action should be taken?

A SysOps admin notices that an EC2 instance's status check fails intermittently. The instance is part of an Auto Scaling group. What is the most appropriate first step to diagnose the issue?

A company wants to deploy a new version of a web application to an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The deployment should be automated and must not cause downtime. Which AWS service should be used?

A company is using Amazon Route 53 as its DNS service. The SysOps team needs to route traffic to multiple resources based on the geographic location of the users. Which TWO routing policies can achieve this? (Select TWO.)

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the AWS CLI command shown. The output shows that the CPUUtilization average over the period is 75%. However, the administrator knows that the instance was idle for the first 15 minutes of the hour. Which explanation best describes why the average might be misleading?

A media company stores millions of video files in S3. Some files are accessed heavily after upload (when new) and rarely afterward; others are accessed unpredictably across months. The team cannot predict which files will be accessed and when. They want to minimize storage costs without risking retrieval latency penalties or per-object retrieval fees. Which storage class is appropriate?

A company runs a batch processing application on Amazon EC2 instances that runs every night for 2 hours. The job can be interrupted and resumed without any issue. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs for this workload. Which EC2 purchasing option should be used?

A company uses Amazon S3 to serve large files to users. The files are accessed frequently for the first 30 days after upload, then access drops significantly. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize storage costs while ensuring low-latency access for frequently accessed files and automatic optimization for changing access patterns. Which S3 storage class configuration should be used?

A SysOps administrator manages IAM roles for Amazon EC2 instances. The administrator needs to identify permissions that have never been used in the last 90 days to right-size the policies. Which AWS feature should be used to achieve this?

An administrator uses AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment fails with an error: "The overall deployment failed because too many individual instances failed deployment, too few healthy instances are available for deployment, or some instances in your deployment group are experiencing problems." The deployment group has a minimum of 2 instances. What should the administrator check first?

A SysOps administrator is tasked with setting up a solution that automatically terminates EC2 instances that have been running for more than 24 hours. Which steps should the administrator take? (Select THREE.)

A company wants to allow a developer to deploy applications using AWS CloudFormation but restrict the developer from creating or modifying IAM resources. Which IAM policy should be used?

The finance team was surprised by a $12,000 spike in EC2 costs last month caused by a runaway Auto Scaling group. They want to receive an email alert within hours whenever any AWS service cost behaves unexpectedly, without manually setting fixed dollar thresholds for each service. Which AWS cost management feature provides this?

Refer to the exhibit. An IAM policy is attached to an EC2 instance role. The application on the instance attempts to write logs to a log group named 'MyAppLogs' in CloudWatch Logs but fails. What is the likely cause?

An organization wants to automate the creation of AWS resources using AWS CloudFormation. They need to ensure that certain resources, such as an Amazon S3 bucket, are not accidentally deleted when the stack is deleted. Which CloudFormation feature should they use?

An organization wants to ensure that all changes to an S3 bucket policy are logged and immediately trigger a notification to the security team. What is the most efficient way to achieve this?

A SysOps administrator is responsible for an Auto Scaling group that runs a critical application. The administrator wants to ensure that the application can recover from an AZ failure. Which THREE steps should the administrator take? (Choose three.)

A SysOps administrator monitors a custom business metric published to Amazon CloudWatch. The metric exhibits irregular spikes that are not predictable. The administrator needs to be alerted when the metric deviates significantly from its normal pattern. Which CloudWatch feature should be used to set up the alarm with the least manual tuning?

A company is using Amazon Route 53 for DNS and wants to route traffic to multiple endpoints based on the geographic location of the user. Which routing policy should the SysOps Administrator use?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator needs to restore the database 'mydb' to the most recent restorable time shown. However, the administrator cannot restore to that time. What is the MOST likely reason?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that an Amazon S3 bucket is not publicly accessible. Which THREE actions should be taken to prevent public access?

Which TWO IAM policy conditions can be used to enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for API calls? (Choose two.)

A SysOps administrator is responsible for an AWS account that hosts a development environment. The environment includes several EC2 instances that are used only during business hours (9 AM to 5 PM) on weekdays. The administrator wants to reduce costs by stopping the instances during off-hours. Which action should the administrator take to automate this process?

A SysOps administrator needs to route traffic to multiple AWS regions for a global application with low latency. Which AWS service should be used?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to manage infrastructure. The SysOps administrator needs to update a stack that contains a critical database. The update may require a replacement of the database resource. The administrator wants to review the changes before they are applied. What is the BEST way to achieve this?

A company has an S3 bucket that stores critical financial data. The bucket versioning is enabled. A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that data can be recovered after accidental deletion by users. What is the MOST effective way to protect against accidental deletion?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator creates an IAM policy to allow an EC2 instance to upload objects to an S3 bucket. However, the instance is unable to upload objects. What is the MOST likely reason?

A company has a multi-account AWS environment using AWS Organizations. The SysOps Administrator needs to deploy a standardized set of baseline resources (VPC, subnets, security groups, and an S3 bucket for logs) into each new member account as soon as the account is created. The administrator wants to automate this process using AWS CloudFormation and ensure that the baseline resources are deployed without manual intervention. The organization uses AWS CloudTrail and AWS Config for governance. What solution should the administrator implement?

A company has deployed a web application across multiple AWS regions and wants to use Amazon Route 53 to direct users to the region with the lowest latency. Which routing policy should the SysOps administrator use?

A company uses AWS OpsWorks for configuration management. The SysOps administrator needs to deploy a new application version to a stack. What is the recommended way to update the application on the instances?

A company uses AWS Organizations with multiple accounts. The SysOps administrator needs to centralize the monitoring of all API calls made in any account for security analysis. The solution must collect logs from all accounts, both existing and future, and deliver them to a centralized S3 bucket in the management account. Which AWS service should the administrator use?

A company has a VPC with a public subnet and a private subnet. An EC2 instance in the private subnet needs to download patches from the internet. The company has a NAT gateway in the public subnet. Which of the following route table configurations is required for the private subnet to enable internet access through the NAT gateway?

A SysOps administrator is designing a highly available web application across multiple AWS regions. The application uses an Application Load Balancer in each region. Which TWO services can be used to route traffic to the closest regional load balancer based on latency?

A company wants to distribute content globally with low latency and high transfer speeds. The content is stored in S3 buckets in multiple regions. Which AWS service should be used to accelerate content delivery?

An organization uses AWS OpsWorks to manage a stack of application servers. The stack uses a custom cookbook that is stored in a private GitHub repository. When deploying new instances, the cookbook download fails. What should the administrator do to resolve this?

A company hosts a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application experiences variable traffic patterns with occasional spikes. The current setup uses On-Demand instances in an Auto Scaling group with a simple scaling policy based on average CPU utilization. The team wants to optimize cost while ensuring that the application can handle spikes in traffic. What should the team do to reduce cost?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a CloudFront distribution that serves content from an S3 bucket. Users are receiving 'Access Denied' errors when trying to access objects. The exhibit shows the distribution configuration. What is the most likely cause?

A company runs a stateless web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. To improve reliability during a traffic spike, which THREE actions should the SysOps administrator take? (Choose three.)

A SysOps administrator is deploying a new version of an application using AWS CodeDeploy with an in-place deployment configuration. The deployment group consists of EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The administrator wants to ensure that traffic is gradually shifted to the new version. Which CodeDeploy feature should be used?

A company is using Amazon RDS for MySQL. The SysOps administrator needs to monitor the number of database connections and set an alarm when connections exceed 80% of the maximum. Which CloudWatch metric and alarm threshold should be used?

A company runs a critical stateful web application on Amazon EC2 instances in a single AWS region. The application stores user session data in an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster. The SysOps administrator must design a disaster recovery (DR) strategy that can survive a complete regional outage with a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 15 minutes and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 1 hour. The application must be able to redirect users to the DR region with minimal manual effort. Which combination of actions meets these requirements?

An organization uses Amazon CloudWatch Synthetics canaries to monitor its web application endpoints. A SysOps administrator needs to be alerted when a canary run fails. Which THREE steps are required to set up this alerting?

A company runs a stateless web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across two Availability Zones. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the application can tolerate a failure of an entire Availability Zone. Which configuration is required?

Which TWO actions should a SysOps administrator take to set up centralized logging from multiple Amazon EC2 instances running Amazon Linux 2 to Amazon CloudWatch Logs?

A SysOps administrator is setting up a CloudWatch dashboard to monitor an application. The application runs on an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The administrator wants to track the number of healthy hosts and the request count per target group. Which two metrics should be used? (Choose TWO.)

A company is running a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The application stores session data on the local instance storage. Users are experiencing session loss during scaling events. What should a SysOps administrator do to maintain session persistence?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a cost overrun in an AWS account. The cost explorer shows that data transfer costs have significantly increased. The architecture includes an Application Load Balancer (ALB) internet-facing, EC2 instances in private subnets, and an S3 bucket for static assets. Which action will MOST effectively reduce data transfer costs?

Match each AWS service with its primary security compliance function. (Drag each service to its correct function.) (Choose 4.)

A company uses Amazon S3 for static website hosting. The website serves thousands of users globally, and the company wants to reduce latency and lower data transfer costs. Which solution should the SysOps administrator implement?

A company is using CloudWatch Logs to centralize logs from multiple EC2 instances. The operations team notices that some log entries are missing from CloudWatch Logs. The CloudWatch agent is installed and running on all instances. What is the most likely cause?

An application is running on an EC2 instance and is experiencing intermittent connection timeouts. The SysOps administrator wants to capture network traffic to analyze the issue. Which AWS service should be used?

A SysOps administrator is investigating a security incident where an unauthorized user accessed an S3 bucket. Which TWO AWS services can the administrator use to collect and analyze the relevant logs?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets across three Availability Zones. The public subnets host NAT Gateways, and the private subnets host EC2 instances that need to access the internet. The SysOps administrator notices that EC2 instances in one private subnet cannot reach the internet, while others can. What is the MOST likely cause?

A company runs a critical application on AWS Lambda functions. The functions are invoked by an API Gateway endpoint. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the application continues to work if an entire AWS Region becomes unavailable. What should the administrator do?

An EC2 instance runs a database on a 2 TB EBS gp3 volume. After a corruption event, the team must restore from a snapshot. When they detach the corrupted volume, attach a new volume restored from the snapshot, and start the database, performance is 10 to 20 times lower than normal for the first two hours. What causes this behavior, and what feature eliminates it?

A company runs a critical web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The SysOps administrator needs to be notified if the ALB's error rate exceeds 5% for 5 consecutive minutes. Which solution meets this requirement with the least operational overhead?

A company requires that all access to the AWS Management Console be protected by multi-factor authentication (MFA). The SysOps administrator has enabled an IAM policy that denies all actions if the user does not authenticate with MFA. However, some users report they cannot list their own MFA devices. What is the MOST likely cause?

A company has an S3 bucket that stores sensitive customer data. The security team requires that all objects in the bucket be encrypted at rest using AWS KMS. An administrator notices that some objects are not encrypted. What is the MOST efficient way to enforce encryption for future uploads?

A company runs a production application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across two Availability Zones. The application uses an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance. The SysOps administrator wants to test the application's behavior during an Availability Zone failure of the database. Which action should the administrator take to simulate a failure with minimal impact on production?

A company's security policy requires that all IAM user passwords must be at least 12 characters long. The SysOps administrator needs to enforce this requirement across the AWS account. Which action should the administrator take?

A company is using AWS CloudTrail to log API activity in their account. The security team needs to be alerted when an IAM user creates a new access key. Which solution meets this requirement with the least operational overhead?

A SysOps administrator wants to deploy a serverless application using AWS Lambda functions, Amazon API Gateway, and Amazon DynamoDB. The deployment must be automated and repeatable. Which AWS service should the administrator use to define and manage this infrastructure as code?

A company uses AWS OpsWorks to manage a stack of EC2 instances running a web application. They recently migrated to AWS Elastic Beanstalk for easier deployments. However, after the migration, some users report that the application is responding slowly during peak hours. The Elastic Beanstalk environment is configured with a load balancer and auto scaling based on average CPU utilization. What should the SysOps Administrator do to troubleshoot the performance issue?

A SysOps administrator needs to audit all changes to security groups in an AWS account. Which AWS service should be used to capture these changes?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log all API calls. The security team requires that all logs be encrypted at rest and stored in an S3 bucket that blocks public access. The SysOps administrator configures the bucket with default encryption (SSE-S3) and a bucket policy that denies all actions unless the request includes the x-amz-server-side-encryption header with value AES256. However, CloudTrail delivery fails. What is the MOST likely cause?

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The security team requires that all Amazon S3 buckets in every account be encrypted at rest using AWS KMS customer managed keys. The SysOps administrator needs to enforce this requirement centrally without requiring changes in each account individually. Which approach should the administrator use?

A company is designing a disaster recovery strategy for its production database hosted on Amazon RDS for MySQL. The primary database is in us-east-1. The company requires an RPO of less than 5 minutes and an RTO of less than 1 hour in the event of a Regional failure. Which TWO actions should the company take to meet these requirements?

A company wants to encrypt data at rest in an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. Which solution meets this requirement with minimal administrative overhead?

A SysOps administrator needs to generate a report of all IAM users and their last activity. Which AWS service can provide this information?

Refer to the exhibit. The command returns no datapoints for CPUUtilization for the specified instance. What is the most likely reason?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an application that runs on AWS Lambda. The application occasionally fails with timeout errors. The administrator needs to identify the exact lines of code that are causing the delays. Which AWS service or feature should be used to gather this information?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront to deliver content from an Application Load Balancer (ALB) origin. The SysOps administrator needs to restrict access to the content so that only users from a specific geographic location can view it. Which CloudFront feature should be used?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a stack that includes an Amazon S3 bucket. The stack creation fails because the S3 bucket name already exists. What should the administrator do to resolve this issue?

A company is using AWS CloudFormation to manage infrastructure. A recent stack update failed, and the SysOps administrator needs to roll back to the previous known good state. However, the stack is in UPDATE_ROLLBACK_FAILED state. What should the administrator do to recover the stack?

Which TWO of the following are benefits of using Amazon CloudFront in front of an Application Load Balancer? (Select TWO.)

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment fails because the instances do not have the CodeDeploy agent installed. Which THREE actions are required to resolve this issue?

A company needs to continuously scan Amazon EC2 instances for software vulnerabilities and unintended network exposure. Which AWS service should be used?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application stores session state locally on each instance, so users lose their sessions when an instance is replaced. The SysOps administrator needs to make the application stateless so that instances can be replaced without disrupting users. Which action should the administrator take?

A company is designing a disaster recovery strategy for its AWS environment. The primary Region is us-east-1, and the secondary Region is us-west-2. The application uses Amazon RDS for MySQL, Amazon S3 for static assets, and EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The RTO is 30 minutes, and the RPO is 15 minutes. Which TWO actions should the SysOps administrator take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

A company has an AWS Lambda function that processes files uploaded to an S3 bucket. The function fails intermittently with a timeout error. What should the SysOps administrator do to monitor and resolve this issue?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance has failed a status check. The instance is still running but is unresponsive. Which THREE actions should the administrator take to diagnose and resolve the issue? (Choose THREE.)

A company runs a static website on Amazon S3 with a custom domain name (www.example.com). The website is accessed via Amazon CloudFront. The company's marketing team recently updated the website content, but users are reporting that they still see the old content. The SysOps administrator checks the S3 bucket and confirms that the new files are present. The administrator also checks CloudFront and finds that the default TTL for the cache behavior is 24 hours. The marketing team needs the new content to be visible immediately. What should the administrator do to make the new content available to users as quickly as possible?

A company runs a stateful web application on EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer. The application requires that client requests from a particular session are always sent to the same target instance. Which feature should the SysOps administrator configure on the NLB to meet this requirement?

A SysOps administrator needs to route traffic for a domain name 'example.com' to an Application Load Balancer. Which AWS service should be used to create the DNS record?

A company has deployed a web application on EC2 instances with an Auto Scaling group. The SysOps administrator needs to automatically replace any instance that is in a 'failed' status as reported by the EC2 status checks. Which action should the administrator take?

Which TWO AWS services can be used to provide a static IP address for an Application Load Balancer? (Choose two.)

A SysOps administrator is updating an AWS CloudFormation stack that contains an Amazon RDS DB instance. The administrator wants to prevent accidental replacement of the database during the update. Which CloudFormation feature should be used?

A company stores sensitive data in an Amazon S3 bucket. A security audit reveals that some objects were uploaded without server-side encryption. The SysOps administrator must ensure that all future PUT requests to the bucket are denied unless they include the x-amz-server-side-encryption header with the value AES256. Which action should the administrator take?

A company uses Amazon CloudWatch Logs to collect logs from multiple EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator needs to create a metric filter that counts the number of ERROR-level log entries per hour and triggers an alarm when the count exceeds 100 in any 5-minute period. Which metric filter pattern should be used?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences variable traffic patterns. The operations team notices that during low traffic periods, there are still a large number of running instances, leading to higher costs. What should the team do to reduce costs while maintaining performance?

A company wants to ensure that its S3 bucket is accessible only from a VPC. Which configuration should the SysOps Administrator implement?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator creates this CloudFormation template. The stack creation fails with the error: 'The security group 'default' does not exist'. What is the most likely cause?

A company wants to receive alerts when an Auto Scaling group launches or terminates instances. They already have a CloudTrail trail enabled. What is the simplest way to achieve this?

A company runs a stateless web application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences predictable traffic patterns: high during business hours and low at night. The SysOps administrator wants to reduce compute costs without affecting performance during peak hours. Which action should the administrator take?

A company wants to receive a notification when the root account is used to perform any action in the AWS account. Which service should be used to monitor this?

A company wants to securely store database credentials used by an application running on Amazon EC2. Which AWS service should be used to rotate and manage access to these secrets?

A company wants to reduce latency for global users accessing static content stored in Amazon S3. Which AWS service should be used?

A company has an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that routes traffic to an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances. The security group for the ALB allows inbound HTTP traffic from 0.0.0.0/0. The EC2 instances have a security group that allows inbound traffic from the ALB's security group. Users report intermittent 503 errors. What is the most likely cause?

Refer to the exhibit. An EC2 instance is running the CloudWatch Logs agent and uses the IAM policy shown. The agent is configured to send logs to the log group 'MyAppLogGroup'. However, logs are not appearing. What is the MOST likely cause?

A company has multiple AWS accounts and wants to centrally track costs and usage across all accounts. Which AWS service should the SysOps administrator use?

A company wants to provide temporary credentials to an application running on an on-premises server so it can access AWS resources. The credentials must be rotated automatically. Which IAM feature should be used?

A SysOps administrator is automating the creation of Amazon RDS instances using AWS CloudFormation. The template includes a DBInstance resource with a DBSubnetGroupName property referencing a subnet group created in the same template. The stack creation fails with the error 'DBSubnetGroup not found'. What is the MOST likely reason?

A company runs a critical microservices application on Amazon ECS with Fargate launch type. The application consists of several services that communicate via internal HTTP calls. The SysOps Administrator notices that during periods of increased load, some services become unresponsive and the health checks fail. The ECS service auto scaling is configured based on CPU utilization, but it does not scale quickly enough. The administrator needs to improve the reliability and responsiveness of the application. The services are stateless and can be scaled horizontally. The current architecture uses a single Application Load Balancer for each service. The ALB health checks are set to a 30-second interval with a 5-second timeout and 2 unhealthy thresholds. The administrator has observed that when a service instance becomes unhealthy, it takes too long for the ALB to stop sending traffic to it, causing errors. What should the SysOps Administrator do to improve the reliability and responsiveness of the application?

A SysOps administrator needs to automatically restart an Amazon RDS DB instance when the 'DatabaseConnections' metric exceeds a threshold of 200 for 5 consecutive minutes. The administrator wants a solution that uses minimal custom code and leverages AWS managed services. Which combination of services should be used?

A SysOps administrator manages a fleet of 50 EC2 instances running a batch processing application. The instances are launched via an Auto Scaling group with a dynamic scaling policy based on CPU utilization. The company recently switched to a new workload that is memory-intensive, causing frequent scale-out events. The administrator notices that the CPU utilization remains below 40%, but memory usage is consistently above 80%. The scaling policy does not trigger appropriately, leading to performance degradation. The administrator must optimize the solution to respond to memory pressure without incurring unnecessary costs. Which action should the administrator take?

A company runs a production workload on a fleet of EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group (ASG). The ASG spans three Availability Zones. To avoid regional failure, the company wants to replicate the infrastructure in a second AWS Region and be able to fail over within 30 minutes. The application state is stored in an RDS MySQL database. What is the MOST cost-effective and reliable solution?

A company wants to receive an email notification when an EC2 instance's status check fails. What AWS service should be used?

A company uses AWS OpsWorks for configuration management. The SysOps administrator needs to deploy a new application version to existing EC2 instances managed by OpsWorks. Which OpsWorks lifecycle event should the administrator trigger to install the new application?

A security team applied Network ACL rules to a subnet to allow inbound TCP traffic on port 443 (HTTPS). Users connecting from the internet can initiate connections, but they never receive responses. The NACL is applied to the subnet containing the web servers. What is missing?

Refer to the exhibit. A VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 is created and associated with route table rtb-11111111. However, an EC2 instance in a subnet that uses route table rtb-22222222 cannot access S3. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator runs the above command for an EC2 instance. The instance is running but the system status check is impaired. What does this indicate?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront with an Application Load Balancer (ALB) as the origin. Users report intermittent 502 errors. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront to distribute content globally. The SysOps administrator notices that the origin load is high and the cache hit ratio is low. What should the administrator do to improve the cache hit ratio and reduce origin load?

A company is using AWS Organizations and wants to delegate administration of a specific member account to a user in the management account. Which TWO steps are required?

A company hosts a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in two AWS regions: us-east-1 and eu-west-1. The application is behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in each region. The SysOps administrator wants to direct users to the region that provides the lowest latency, automatically routing traffic away from a region if it becomes unhealthy. Which Amazon Route 53 routing policy should be used?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance in a private subnet cannot connect to the internet via a NAT Gateway. Which TWO components must be correctly configured for this to work? (Select TWO.)

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application stores sensitive user data in an S3 bucket. The security team requires that traffic between the ALB and the EC2 instances be encrypted, and that the EC2 instances only accept traffic from the ALB. Currently, the ALB terminates HTTPS and forwards HTTP to the instances. The SysOps administrator needs to implement the required security controls. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company runs a development Amazon EC2 instance that is only used during business hours (9 AM to 5 PM). The SysOps administrator wants to reduce compute costs. Which action should be taken?

Match each AWS service to its primary function.

An application uses an Amazon DynamoDB table with on-demand capacity. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure the table remains available during an AWS regional outage. Which strategy should be used?

A company runs a stateless web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application is deployed across multiple Availability Zones. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that the application remains available even if an entire Availability Zone fails. What is the MOST effective way to achieve this?

A company uses AWS CodeDeploy to deploy a web application to a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a deployment strategy that ensures zero downtime by creating a new set of instances alongside the current ones, then gradually shifting traffic to the new instances after they pass health checks. If a problem is detected, traffic can be instantly redirected back to the original instances. Which deployment configuration should the administrator use?

A company has an application running on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application logs show intermittent 503 errors. The ALB access logs show that the errors occur when the target response time exceeds 30 seconds. Which configuration change should the SysOps administrator make to reduce the number of 503 errors without affecting the application's behavior?

Which TWO AWS services can be used to monitor the performance of an Amazon RDS database and set alarms based on metrics?

Which TWO options are best practices for automating deployments using AWS CodeDeploy? (Choose two.)

A company is using AWS OpsWorks for configuration management. They have a stack with multiple layers, and they want to automate the deployment of a custom configuration file to all instances in a specific layer. What is the MOST efficient way to achieve this?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an ALB. The application uses an RDS MySQL database. The SysOps administrator needs to improve the reliability of the database layer. Which TWO actions should the administrator take? (Choose two.)

A company has an on-premises data center connected to an AWS VPC via an AWS Direct Connect connection. The company's SysOps administrator wants to ensure that traffic from the VPC destined for the on-premises network uses the Direct Connect connection instead of the internet. Which configuration should be used?

A company runs a critical web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) across three Availability Zones. The application stores session data in memory on the EC2 instances. During a deployment, a new version of the application is released by terminating and replacing instances. Users report that they are unexpectedly logged out during the deployment. What should a SysOps administrator do to improve the reliability of the application during deployments?

A company uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) to distribute traffic to an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances. Users report intermittent 503 errors. The SysOps Administrator checks the ALB metrics and sees that the Sum of HTTP 503s correlates with spikes in CPU utilization on the EC2 instances. What is the MOST likely cause and solution?

A sysadmin needs to block specific IP addresses from accessing an Application Load Balancer. Which approach is MOST efficient?

A SysOps administrator is designing a highly available architecture for a web application using an Application Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group across three Availability Zones. The application must be able to withstand the loss of an entire AZ. Which THREE components are necessary to meet this requirement? (Choose THREE.)

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that an Amazon RDS for MySQL database is compliant with PCI DSS requirements. Which THREE configurations should be implemented?

A company runs a stateless web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The company wants to improve the application's availability and fault tolerance. Which TWO actions should the SysOps administrator take?

A SysOps administrator notices that the monthly bill for Amazon RDS is higher than expected. The environment includes multiple DB instances with low CPU and memory utilization. Which action will most effectively reduce costs while maintaining performance?

A company uses Amazon CloudWatch to monitor its AWS infrastructure. The operations team wants to receive notifications when any EC2 instance's status check fails. Which TWO steps should be taken to achieve this?

A SysOps administrator is reviewing AWS Cost Explorer and notices that data transfer costs from EC2 to the internet are high. The EC2 instances are in a VPC with a NAT Gateway in a public subnet. The route table for private subnets sends 0.0.0.0/0 traffic to the NAT Gateway. The application serves content to users over the internet. Which change will LEAST impact application performance while reducing costs?

A company has two VPCs in the same AWS account and Region: VPC-A (10.0.0.0/16) and VPC-B (10.1.0.0/16). The SysOps administrator needs to establish connectivity between these VPCs so that resources in VPC-A can reach resources in VPC-B using private IP addresses. The solution must be highly available and not involve a third-party appliance. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The application stores session data locally on each instance. During a traffic spike, the Auto Scaling group launches new instances, but users report that they are logged out and lose session data. Which solution addresses this issue without modifying the application?

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy to automate deployments to an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances. The deployment fails with the error 'The overall deployment failed because too many individual instances failed deployment, too few healthy instances are available, or some instances in your deployment group are experiencing problems.' The instances are running Amazon Linux 2 and the CodeDeploy agent is installed. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this failure?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a microservices application using AWS Elastic Beanstalk. The application consists of multiple services that need to communicate with each other. Which Elastic Beanstalk environment type should the administrator choose?

A company has an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance with Multi-AZ deployment in us-east-1. The SysOps administrator must design a disaster recovery strategy to recover from a regional outage. The Recovery Time Objective (RTO) is 1 hour and the Recovery Point Objective (RPO) is 5 minutes. Which solution meets these requirements at the lowest cost?

An organization wants to allow an on-premises data center to access an Amazon RDS database in a VPC. Which AWS service should be used to establish a dedicated, private, and high-bandwidth connection?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs this CloudWatch Logs Insights query against an application log group. The query returns no results, even though the administrator knows that errors occurred in the last hour. What is the most likely cause?

A company has two Amazon VPCs in the same AWS Region with non-overlapping CIDR blocks. The SysOps administrator needs to establish private connectivity between the two VPCs with high throughput and minimal cost. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances are in an Auto Scaling group. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that the application can handle a sudden increase in traffic without downtime. Which THREE actions should be taken?

An application logs user authentication attempts to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The SysOps administrator needs to create a custom metric that counts the number of failed authentication attempts every 5 minutes and trigger an alarm when the count exceeds 5. Which combination of actions should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator is designing a disaster recovery strategy for a critical application that runs on EC2 instances. The application data is stored on EBS volumes. The recovery point objective (RPO) is 15 minutes, and the recovery time objective (RTO) is 1 hour. Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

A company needs to deploy a new version of an application to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment must ensure that the new version is deployed to all instances, and if any instance fails, the deployment should roll back. Which deployment strategy should be used?

A SysOps administrator needs to analyze application logs stored in Amazon CloudWatch Logs to find specific error patterns across multiple log groups. The administrator wants to run queries to filter and parse the logs. Which feature should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an Auto Scaling group is not launching EC2 instances despite having a scaling policy that should trigger when CPU utilization exceeds 80%. The CloudWatch alarm shows that the metric is breaching the threshold, but no instances are launched. What is the most likely cause?

A company needs to retain API call logs for 7 years for compliance. Which AWS service should be used to store these logs?

A company manages multiple AWS accounts under AWS Organizations. The security team requires that all Amazon S3 buckets in the organization must be encrypted using AWS KMS (SSE-KMS). The SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect any bucket that is not compliant and remediate it by enabling SSE-KMS. Which AWS feature or service should be used to implement this automated compliance enforcement?

A company wants to receive real-time notifications when specific API calls are made in their AWS account. Which TWO services can be used together to achieve this? (Choose TWO.)

A company wants to optimize costs for its Amazon EC2 instances. Which TWO strategies are effective for reducing costs?

A SysOps administrator is tasked with automating the provisioning of EC2 instances that must be able to access an Amazon S3 bucket. The administrator needs to ensure that the instances have the necessary permissions without using long-term access keys. Which TWO actions should the administrator take? (Choose TWO.)

A company has an AWS Lambda function that processes S3 events. The function is critical and must be available even if one Availability Zone fails. How can a SysOps administrator ensure high availability for the Lambda function?

A company runs a critical database on an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the database can survive a single Availability Zone failure with minimal downtime. Which configuration should the administrator implement?

A company runs a mix of Amazon EC2 instances and AWS Fargate tasks that are used for both production and development workloads. The usage is steady and predictable. The SysOps administrator wants to maximize cost savings across both compute services without having to manage specific instances or sizes. Which purchasing option should the administrator recommend?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a multi-tier application. The template uses nested stacks. One of the nested stacks creates an Auto Scaling group. The administrator wants to update the Auto Scaling group's launch configuration to use a new AMI ID. The AMI ID is stored in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. The administrator wants to ensure that the stack update automatically uses the latest AMI ID value from Parameter Store. What should the administrator do?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an Amazon EC2 instance running Amazon Linux 2 is not sending logs to CloudWatch Logs. The CloudWatch agent is installed and configured. Which step should the administrator take FIRST to diagnose the issue?

A SysOps administrator is designing a backup strategy for an Amazon EFS file system. The file system stores critical data that must be recoverable within 15 minutes of a failure. Which solution meets these requirements?

A SysOps administrator uses AWS Systems Manager Run Command to install software on a fleet of EC2 instances. The command fails on some instances with the error 'Instance ID not found'. What is the MOST likely cause?

A company uses AWS KMS to encrypt EBS volumes. Which TWO statements about using KMS with EBS are correct? (Choose two.)

A company's security policy requires that all IAM users must change their passwords every 90 days. The SysOps administrator needs to enforce this requirement. Which IAM setting should the administrator configure?

A company is using Amazon CloudFront with an Application Load Balancer (ALB) as the origin. The ALB is configured with HTTPS listeners. Users report that some requests are failing with a 502 error. Which THREE steps should the SysOps administrator take to troubleshoot the issue? (Choose three.)

A company has an AWS account that contains multiple Amazon S3 buckets with sensitive data. A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all S3 buckets in the account have versioning enabled to protect against accidental deletions. The administrator wants to automatically remediate any bucket that is created without versioning enabled. Which solution should be used?

A SysOps administrator is designing a disaster recovery plan for a critical RDS MySQL database. The database must be available with a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of less than 1 hour and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of less than 2 hours. The primary region is us-east-1. Which solution meets these requirements?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a three-tier web application. The SysOps administrator wants to update a critical parameter, such as the instance type, and ensure that the change is applied without recreating the EC2 instance, if possible. Which CloudFormation stack update feature should be used to achieve this?

Drag and drop the steps to enable AWS CloudTrail logging for a specific S3 bucket into the correct order.

A company requires that all data stored in Amazon S3 be encrypted at rest. Which S3 feature should be enabled to meet this requirement without changing the application code?

A SysOps administrator needs to reduce data transfer costs for a web application hosted on EC2 instances in a VPC. The application serves content to users over the internet. Which TWO actions will help reduce data transfer costs? (Choose TWO.)

The CISO asks for a centralized dashboard showing security findings from GuardDuty, Macie, Inspector, and Firewall Manager across 30 AWS accounts. Findings must be normalized into a single format so they can be prioritized by severity without switching between services. Which AWS service provides this capability?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The SysOps administrator creates a CloudWatch alarm on the ALB's HTTPCode_ELB_5XX_Count metric to trigger an SNS notification when there are many 5xx errors. However, the alarm remains in INSUFFICIENT_DATA state. What is a likely cause?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a failed Auto Scaling group launch. The group uses a launch template that specifies an Amazon Linux 2 AMI. The instances fail to pass the EC2 health check and are terminated. The administrator checks the system log and finds that the instance boots but the cloud-init script fails due to a missing package repository. What is the most likely cause?

A company wants to reduce costs for its Amazon S3 storage. Which TWO strategies are effective?

A company is running a stateful web application on a single EC2 instance with a 500 GB gp2 EBS volume. The instance is currently at 80% CPU and memory utilization during peak hours. The company wants to improve performance and scalability without incurring high costs. What should the SysOps administrator do?

A company runs a three-tier application in a VPC. The web tier is in public subnets behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). The application tier runs on EC2 instances in private subnets. The database tier is in isolated subnets with no route to a NAT gateway or internet gateway. A SysOps administrator must allow the application tier to initiate connections to the database tier while ensuring the database tier cannot initiate connections to the application tier. Which combination of security group and network ACL configuration should be used?

A company has a production AWS account with a single VPC and multiple subnets across two Availability Zones. The company hosts a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application uses an Amazon Aurora MySQL database cluster with one writer and two reader instances in the same VPC. The SysOps administrator configured AWS CloudTrail to log API calls and Amazon CloudWatch alarms for operational monitoring. After a recent network partition event in one Availability Zone, the application became unavailable for several minutes. The administrator wants to improve the application's resilience to such events without changing the database cluster configuration. The administrator has budget for additional resources but wants to minimize costs. What should the administrator do?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the AWS CLI command to check the event selectors for a CloudTrail trail. What does the output indicate?

A SysOps administrator wants to monitor the cost and usage of AWS resources for different departments. Which AWS service should they use to tag resources and generate cost allocation reports?

Which TWO services can be used to centrally manage cryptographic keys for AWS services? (Choose two.)

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues between two VPCs that are peered using a VPC Peering connection. The instances in VPC A can ping the private IP of instances in VPC B, but not the DNS names. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator manages a CloudFormation stack that deploys a web application. The stack includes an Amazon EC2 instance and an Amazon RDS DB instance. The administrator needs to update the stack to change the EC2 instance type. The administrator wants to ensure that the update does not accidentally replace the RDS database. Which CloudFormation feature should the administrator use to protect the RDS resource from being replaced during the stack update?

A company wants to monitor for unauthorized API calls in their AWS account. Which AWS service should they use?

Drag and drop the steps to troubleshoot high CPU usage on an Amazon EC2 instance into the correct order.

Which TWO features are provided by Amazon CloudFront to secure content delivery? (Choose two.)

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application uses Amazon EBS volumes (gp2) for data storage. The SysOps administrator notices that the storage costs are high, and the application's IOPS requirements are consistently below 3000. The administrator wants to reduce storage costs without affecting performance. Which action should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator is investigating a security incident where an EC2 instance was used to launch an attack. The administrator needs to determine the source IP addresses that were used to access the instance prior to the attack. Which AWS service and feature should be used to capture this information?

A company runs a batch processing application on Amazon EC2 instances. The application runs for 3 hours every night and can tolerate interruptions. The SysOps administrator needs to minimize compute costs. Which purchasing option should the administrator use?

A company uses AWS Config to track resource changes. The security team wants to receive notifications whenever an IAM policy is changed. Which AWS service should be used with AWS Config to send notifications?

A SysOps administrator wants to receive a notification when an EC2 instance's status check fails. Which AWS service should the administrator use to set up an alarm based on the status check metric?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront to distribute content globally. They need to restrict access to premium content to only authenticated users. Which THREE methods can be used to achieve this?

Refer to the exhibit. An IAM policy is attached to a user. Which statement about the user's access is correct?

A company has an application running on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Users report intermittent timeout errors. The ALB target group shows healthy instances, and CloudWatch metrics show no spikes in CPU or memory. Which configuration is most likely causing the timeouts?

An application running on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group is experiencing intermittent errors. The errors correlate with periods of high memory usage. The SysOps administrator wants to set up a CloudWatch alarm to scale out when memory usage exceeds 80%. What should the administrator do to enable monitoring of memory usage?

The monitoring team needs to collect per-process CPU and memory utilization for a specific Java process (named 'app.jar') running on EC2 Linux instances. Standard EC2 metrics show aggregate CPU but not per-process details. Which CloudWatch agent configuration section enables this?

A company has a web application running on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in the us-west-2 Region. Users are distributed globally and experience high latency. The SysOps administrator wants to improve latency and offload SSL termination to the edge. Which AWS service should be used with the ALB as the origin?

A SysOps administrator deploys a web application using AWS Elastic Beanstalk. The administrator wants to deploy a new application version with zero downtime and minimize the risk of failure by launching a completely new set of instances before swapping traffic. Which deployment policy should the administrator choose?

A company's security policy requires that all Amazon S3 buckets must have server-side encryption with AWS Key Management Service (SSE-KMS) enabled. The SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect any existing or new S3 bucket that does not have SSE-KMS enabled and automatically apply the encryption configuration. The solution must use managed AWS services with minimal custom code. Which combination of AWS services should be used?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. An EC2 instance in a private subnet needs to send logs to CloudWatch Logs. Which steps are necessary to allow this without traversing the internet? (Select TWO.)

A SysOps administrator uses AWS CodeDeploy to deploy a new version of an application to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment uses the 'CodeDeployDefault.OneAtATime' deployment configuration. During the deployment, the first instance succeeds, but subsequent instances fail because the new application version has a bug that causes the application health check to fail. The administrator wants to immediately roll back the change and restore the previous working version on all instances. Which action should the administrator take?

A company wants to back up its on-premises file servers to AWS for disaster recovery. The data changes frequently, and the company needs to minimize data loss. Which THREE steps should the company take? (Select THREE.)

A company is designing a multi-tier application in a VPC. The web tier must be in public subnets and the application tier in private subnets. The application tier needs to receive traffic only from the web tier. Which TWO configurations are required?

A company's security policy requires that all Amazon S3 buckets must be non-publicly accessible. The SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect any bucket that becomes publicly accessible and automatically remediate it by applying a bucket policy that blocks public access. The solution should use AWS managed services with minimal custom code. Which combination of services should be used?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. An Amazon EC2 instance in a private subnet needs to access an Amazon S3 bucket in the same AWS Region. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure the traffic does not traverse the internet. Which solution should be implemented?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a new version of an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The deployment should minimize downtime and roll back automatically if health checks fail. Which deployment method should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator notices that an IAM user can access the AWS Management Console but cannot use the AWS CLI. The user has a password and an access key. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator is investigating a security incident and needs to determine who deleted an S3 bucket. Which AWS service should be used to find this information?

A company is using AWS Organizations with multiple accounts. The security team wants to ensure that all S3 buckets across all accounts have encryption enabled. What is the most efficient way to enforce this policy?

A company is using Amazon S3 to store critical data with versioning enabled. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a solution that automatically transitions objects to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 90 days and permanently deletes them after 7 years. Which S3 feature should be used?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application reads data from an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. During peak hours, the database CPU utilization is consistently high, and the application experiences increased latency. The SysOps administrator observes that 90% of database queries are read-only. Which combination of actions will both improve performance and optimize costs?

An EC2 Auto Scaling group runs a stateless web application with predictable daily peaks. Which two actions can reduce cost while preserving capacity during peak periods? (Choose 2.)

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment fails with the error 'The overall deployment failed because too many individual instances failed deployment'. The SysOps administrator checks the deployment logs and finds that the BeforeInstall lifecycle event script is failing on some instances. The instances are Amazon Linux 2. What should the administrator do to troubleshoot this issue?

A company has a single AWS account with multiple IAM users. The security team wants to ensure that no IAM user can create or modify VPC resources. The SysOps administrator creates a managed policy that denies ec2:CreateVpc, ec2:DeleteVpc, ec2:ModifyVpcAttribute, and similar actions. The policy is attached to all IAM users via a group. However, after a week, a user reports that they were able to create a VPC. The administrator checks CloudTrail and confirms that the user created the VPC. What is the most likely cause?

A company runs a critical application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The group uses a dynamic scaling policy based on CPU utilization. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that the application remains available during a planned maintenance event that will take down one of the Availability Zones. Which TWO actions should the administrator take? (Choose two.)

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator needs to monitor two metrics: high CPU utilization (greater than 90%) and high memory utilization (greater than 85%). An alarm should trigger when both conditions are true simultaneously for a period of 5 minutes. Which CloudWatch feature should the administrator use to create this alarm?

A SysOps administrator is testing the failover of an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL Multi-AZ DB instance. The application currently writes to the primary instance in us-east-1a. Which action will manually trigger a failover to the standby instance in us-east-1b?

Which THREE configurations are required to enable an EC2 instance in a private subnet to access the internet for software updates while preventing inbound internet traffic?

A company runs a critical MySQL database on an Amazon RDS DB instance in a single Availability Zone. The SysOps administrator needs to implement a disaster recovery solution with a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 5 minutes and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 1 hour, while minimizing costs. Which solution meets these requirements?

A company runs a critical web application on a single Amazon EC2 instance with a 100 GiB gp2 EBS volume. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure data durability by taking automated snapshots of the root volume every hour. The snapshots should be retained for 7 days. Which AWS service can be used to automate this task with minimal configuration?

A company wants to enforce that all Amazon S3 buckets in their AWS account are encrypted at rest. They have enabled AWS CloudTrail and want to automatically remediate any non-compliant bucket created by users. Which AWS service should they use to achieve this?

A company has a CloudWatch alarm that monitors the CPU utilization of an EC2 instance. The alarm is set to trigger when CPU utilization exceeds 80% for 5 consecutive minutes. The alarm state is 'INSUFFICIENT_DATA'. What does this mean?

A company runs a critical application on a single Amazon EC2 instance. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that if the instance fails, a new instance is automatically provisioned in a different Availability Zone. Which configuration should the administrator implement?

A SysOps administrator is deploying a new web application using AWS Elastic Beanstalk. The application requires a high-performance relational database that can scale read capacity. The administrator needs to ensure that the database is highly available and can handle read replicas. The administrator creates an Elastic Beanstalk environment and adds an Amazon RDS DB instance. However, the database is deployed in a single Availability Zone. The administrator wants to modify the environment to use a Multi-AZ deployment for high availability and add read replicas. The administrator has the following options. Which option should the administrator choose?

A company uses an IAM policy that allows s3:GetObject for a specific bucket. However, an IAM user is getting an Access Denied error when trying to download an object. The bucket policy also allows s3:GetObject for the user's account. What is the most likely cause?

A company's S3 bucket contains critical data. The bucket policy accidentally allowed public write access, and a malicious actor uploaded several objects. The company needs to recover the bucket to a known good state as quickly as possible. What should the SysOps administrator do?

A SysOps administrator uses AWS CloudFormation to manage a stack that includes an Amazon EC2 instance. The administrator wants to update the instance type from t3.medium to t3.large without recreating the instance. The instance type change is supported as a simple update in CloudFormation. Which stack update method should the administrator use to apply this change with the least disruption?

A company has an Amazon CloudFront distribution that delivers static content from an Amazon S3 bucket. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the content can only be accessed through CloudFront and not directly from the S3 bucket URL. The solution should use AWS managed services with minimal configuration. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company uses CloudWatch Logs to store application logs from EC2 instances. The SysOps team needs to search for specific error patterns across all log groups. What is the most efficient way to perform this search?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a failed AWS CloudFormation stack creation. The stack includes an AWS::Lambda::Function resource that depends on an AWS::IAM::Role. The error message is 'Resource handler returned message: "The role defined for the function cannot be assumed by Lambda" (Service: Lambda, Status Code: 400).' What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator needs to track changes to security group rules in a VPC. Which AWS services can be used to monitor and log these changes? (Choose TWO.)

A company uses S3 standard storage for all data. They have data that is accessed rarely but must be retained for 7 years. Which storage class would be MOST cost-effective?

Regulatory requirements mandate that all RDS and EBS backups are replicated to a secondary AWS region within 24 hours of creation. The company has workloads in us-east-1 and must replicate backups to eu-west-1. Restoring from the secondary region must be possible without manual copying steps during a disaster. What service and configuration implements this requirement?

A company is using AWS CloudFormation to deploy a multi-tier web application. After updating the stack template, the update fails with a stack creation rollback in progress error. The SysOps administrator needs to identify the specific resource that caused the failure. What is the MOST efficient way to accomplish this?

A DevOps engineer is designing a CI/CD pipeline for a microservices application. The application consists of several Docker containers that run on Amazon ECS with Fargate launch type. The engineer wants to automate the deployment of new container versions. Which AWS service should be used to orchestrate the build, test, and deployment stages?

A company runs a critical application on a fleet of EC2 instances that process real-time financial transactions. The application requires consistent low latency. The SysOps administrator notices that the application's latency increases periodically due to noisy neighbors. The administrator wants to optimize performance predictability. Which instance type should the administrator choose?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a CloudFormation stack that failed to create. The stack includes an Amazon RDS DB instance. The error message indicates that the DB instance name already exists. The stack uses a parameter for the DB instance identifier. What should the administrator do to resolve this issue and create the stack?

A company has an Amazon DynamoDB table that stores historical data. The table is accessed infrequently but when queried requires consistent single-digit millisecond latency. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize storage costs while maintaining the required performance. Which DynamoDB table class should the administrator use?

An application running on Amazon ECS (Fargate) is experiencing intermittent failures. The logs show 'CannotPullContainerError: error pulling image configuration: download failed after attempts=6'. The SysOps team has verified that the image exists in Amazon ECR and the task role has permissions to pull from ECR. What is the most likely cause?

A company has a legacy application that requires access to an S3 bucket using an IAM user's access keys. The security team wants to rotate the access keys every 90 days automatically. What is the MOST efficient way to achieve this?

A company wants to protect its data in Amazon S3 from accidental deletion. Which TWO methods should the SysOps administrator use? (Choose TWO.)

A company runs a stateful application on EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). The application uses sticky sessions (session affinity) to maintain client state. During a deployment, the SysOps administrator needs to replace instances without disrupting active sessions. Which approach should be used?

A company uses AWS Shield Advanced to protect against DDoS attacks. Which of the following are benefits of AWS Shield Advanced? (Choose TWO.)

A company is using Amazon Route 53 with a private hosted zone for internal DNS resolution within a VPC. The VPC is connected to an on-premises network via a VPN. On-premises resources cannot resolve DNS names in the private hosted zone. Which TWO actions should be taken to resolve this issue? (Choose two.)

An organization uses AWS CloudTrail to log API calls across multiple accounts in AWS Organizations. The logs are delivered to a central S3 bucket. The security team wants to receive near-real-time notifications whenever an IAM user creates a new access key. Which solution is the MOST operationally efficient?

A SysOps administrator is automating the deployment of a three-tier web application using AWS CloudFormation. The administrator wants to ensure that the database tier is created before the application tier. How should the administrator define this dependency in the CloudFormation template?

An organization is using AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that if a stack update fails, the stack automatically rolls back to the last known good state. Which stack update option should be configured?

A SysOps administrator deploys the above CloudFormation template. The stack creation fails with an error. What is the most likely reason?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator reviews the account password policy. Which of the following is true based on this output?

A DevOps engineer is designing a CI/CD pipeline for a microservices application hosted on Amazon ECS with Fargate. The team wants to deploy updates to the services without downtime. The current pipeline builds a Docker image, pushes it to Amazon ECR, and updates the ECS service using AWS CodeDeploy with a blue/green deployment. However, during the deployment, the new tasks fail to start due to an incorrect environment variable. The engineer wants to validate the task definition before the actual deployment. What should the engineer do?

A company uses AWS OpsWorks to manage a stack of web servers. They need to deploy a configuration change that updates the /etc/nginx/nginx.conf file on all instances. Which OpsWorks feature should be used?

A company runs a critical application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application processes messages from an Amazon SQS queue. The SysOps administrator notices that during periods of high load, the SQS queue depth increases significantly, and the application takes a long time to recover. The administrator wants to improve the application's ability to handle spikes in traffic without over-provisioning resources. The application is stateless and can scale horizontally. What should the administrator do?

A company runs a critical web application on a fleet of EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The instances are in an Auto Scaling group. The operations team uses CloudWatch alarms to monitor the application's health. Recently, they noticed that the application's error rate has increased sporadically, but the CPU utilization and memory usage remain normal. The team suspects that the issue is related to a specific HTTP endpoint returning 5xx errors. They want to set up monitoring that will alert them when the error rate exceeds 5% of total requests over a 5-minute period. The application logs are already sent to CloudWatch Logs. Which combination of steps should the SysOps administrator take to meet this requirement?

A company has an S3 bucket that stores sensitive customer data. The security team requires that all objects uploaded to the bucket must be encrypted at rest using AWS KMS with a specific customer managed key. Which bucket policy condition should be used to enforce this?

A company is designing a highly available web application using an Application Load Balancer (ALB) with EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across two Availability Zones. Which configuration ensures that the application remains available if one Availability Zone fails?

A SysOps administrator wants to receive alerts when the root user performs an action in the AWS account. Which service should be used?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU utilization of an Amazon EC2 instance and receive an alert if it exceeds 80% for 10 consecutive minutes. The instance is in a VPC with no Internet access. What is the MOST efficient way to meet these requirements?

A company wants to ensure that only specific IAM roles within the same AWS account can encrypt and decrypt data using an AWS KMS customer managed key. Which type of policy must be configured to achieve this restriction?

A company runs a batch processing application on Amazon EC2 that runs for 2 hours every night. The workload can tolerate interruptions. Which EC2 purchasing option provides the lowest cost for this use case?

A company uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) to distribute traffic to EC2 instances. The SysOps team wants to reduce costs by ensuring that idle capacity is minimized. Which configuration should they implement?

A SysOps administrator needs to grant an application running on an Amazon EC2 instance access to an Amazon S3 bucket without embedding long-term AWS credentials in the application code. The EC2 instance is in a private subnet and must not use an IAM user access key. Which solution should the administrator use?

A company uses AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy a web application. After updating the environment configuration, the deployment fails and the environment health turns red. The SysOps administrator checks the logs and finds a permission error related to the EC2 instance profile. What should the administrator do to resolve the issue?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator created this IAM policy for an application that sends custom metrics to CloudWatch and writes logs to CloudWatch Logs. The application reports that it cannot publish logs. What is the most likely reason?

A company requires that all AWS account activity be recorded and the logs be stored in a centralized S3 bucket for analysis. Which two AWS services should be used together to meet this requirement?

Which TWO actions can a SysOps administrator take to secure an Amazon S3 bucket that contains sensitive data? (Choose TWO.)

A company uses AWS Systems Manager to automate patching of EC2 instances. The instances are in an Auto Scaling group. The company wants to ensure that patching does not affect application availability. Which feature should be used?

A SysOps Administrator is configuring a Network Load Balancer (NLB) for a TCP-based application. The application requires that clients see the original source IP address of the request. Which configuration should the Administrator use?

A company runs an application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The ALB terminates SSL/TLS and forwards traffic to the instances over HTTP. The SysOps administrator needs to capture the original client IP address in the instance logs. How should the administrator configure this?

A company wants to reduce data transfer costs for traffic between EC2 instances in the same AWS Region. Which action should the SysOps administrator take?

A company deploys microservices on Amazon ECS using Fargate. The deployment is managed by AWS CodePipeline. The administrator notices that deployments sometimes fail because the new task definition is not registered before the deployment. Which THREE steps should the administrator take to resolve this issue? (Choose THREE.)

A company is running a critical application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application experiences occasional CPU spikes. The SysOps administrator needs to configure a scaling policy that reacts quickly to increased load but avoids unnecessary scaling actions due to short bursts. Which scaling policy type should be used?

A company deploys a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The SysOps administrator needs to allow inbound traffic only from the ALB to the EC2 instances. Currently, the EC2 security group allows inbound HTTP from 0.0.0.0/0. Which security group configuration should the administrator apply?

A SysOps administrator uses AWS CloudFormation to manage a stack that includes an Amazon RDS DB instance. The administrator needs to update the stack by changing a parameter that, if applied directly, would replace the database. The administrator wants to prevent accidental replacement during the update. Which CloudFormation feature should the administrator use?

Refer to the exhibit. The alarm has been in INSUFFICIENT_DATA state for several hours. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API calls in a multi-account environment. The security team wants to be alerted when an IAM user in the production account modifies a security group to allow inbound SSH from 0.0.0.0/0. Which combination of actions should be taken to meet this requirement?

A company hosts a multi-tier web application on AWS. The application consists of an Application Load Balancer (ALB), a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances running in an Auto Scaling group, and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. The application is accessed by users worldwide. Recently, the company has expanded to new geographic regions, and users in those regions are experiencing high latency. The SysOps administrator is tasked with optimizing performance for global users while keeping costs low. The administrator has already implemented Amazon CloudFront as a CDN for static content. However, dynamic content that requires database queries is still slow. The application's Auto Scaling group is configured with a dynamic scaling policy based on average CPU utilization, but the scaling is not responsive enough during traffic spikes, causing performance degradation. Additionally, the database is a single db.r5.large instance in the us-east-1 region, and all traffic must hit that database, causing high latency for remote users. The administrator needs to propose a comprehensive solution that addresses both compute and database performance issues globally, while considering cost. Which solution is MOST effective?

A SysOps administrator needs to send a notification when an EC2 instance's CPU utilization exceeds 90% for 5 consecutive minutes. Which AWS service should be used to create the alarm?

A company uses AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy a web application. The environment is running low on memory, and the administrator needs to change the instance type from t2.micro to t3.small. What is the correct way to perform this change with minimal downtime?

A company uses AWS CodeDeploy to deploy a new version of an application to EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The company requires zero downtime during the deployment. Which deployment configuration should be used?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The SysOps administrator needs to monitor the application's HTTP 5xx error rate and set an alarm when the error rate exceeds 5% over a 5-minute period. The alarm must trigger an Amazon SNS notification. Which metric should be used for the alarm?

A company stores log files in Amazon S3. The logs are accessed frequently for the first 30 days, then rarely after that. The company wants to automatically transition objects to a lower-cost storage class after 30 days. Which S3 feature should be configured?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API activity. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that log files are protected from accidental deletion and are available for compliance audits for at least 7 years. Which service should be used to meet these requirements?

A SysOps administrator needs to route traffic to multiple AWS regions for disaster recovery using Amazon Route 53. The primary region should receive all traffic unless it becomes unhealthy. Which routing policy should be used?

Which THREE AWS features can be used to improve the performance of an Amazon DynamoDB table that is experiencing high read latency? (Choose THREE.)

A company runs an application on Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets of a VPC. The application needs to upload files to an Amazon S3 bucket in the same AWS Region. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that traffic to S3 does not traverse the internet and minimizes data transfer costs. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company's security team notices that an IAM user has been generating multiple access keys and deleting them within a short period. The SysOps administrator needs to detect and alert on this behavior. Which solution is the MOST effective?

A company uses AWS Lambda functions that process data from an Amazon SQS queue. The Lambda function is failing intermittently due to timeouts. The SysOps administrator needs to be notified immediately when the function times out. What is the most efficient way to achieve this?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. A NAT Gateway is deployed in the public subnet to allow instances in the private subnet to access the internet. However, private instances cannot reach an external service at 203.0.113.50:443. What should be checked first?

A company has deployed a global web application using AWS CloudFront with an Application Load Balancer (ALB) as the origin. The ALB is in a single AWS region. Users in different geographic regions report high latency, and some users are unable to access the application. The SysOps administrator verifies that the CloudFront distribution is configured correctly and that the ALB is healthy. The administrator also confirms that the ALB's security group allows traffic from the CloudFront IP ranges. What is the most likely cause of the issue?

A SysOps administrator needs to track changes made to an Amazon S3 bucket policy and receive notifications when changes occur. Which AWS service should be used?

Operators have been making direct changes to AWS resources (security group rules, IAM policy modifications) that were originally created by CloudFormation stacks. The team wants to identify which stacks and specific resources have drifted from their template definitions. What is the correct tool and operation sequence?

A company wants to ensure that all data in Amazon S3 is encrypted at rest using server-side encryption with AWS KMS managed keys (SSE-KMS). Which bucket policy statement should be used to deny any PUT request that does not include the 'x-amz-server-side-encryption' header with value 'aws:kms'?

A company is running a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences intermittent latency spikes. The SysOps administrator needs to identify the root cause. Which set of CloudWatch metrics should be analyzed first?

A company has an application running on EC2 instances in a VPC. The application needs to access an S3 bucket in the same AWS region. Which configuration provides the MOST secure and cost-effective access?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a three-tier web application. The template includes an Amazon RDS DB instance. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the database password is not exposed in the template or in the stack outputs. The password should be stored securely and rotated automatically every 90 days. Which solution should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator is setting up a backup plan for an RDS MySQL database. The database is 500 GB in size and is used for a critical application. The company requires a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 5 minutes and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 1 hour. Which solution meets these requirements?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the disk usage on Amazon EC2 instances running Linux. The administrator wants to collect disk utilization metrics every 5 minutes and set up an alarm when disk usage exceeds 80%. Which solution meets these requirements?

A SysOps administrator manages an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance that experiences high CPU utilization during business hours. The application is read-heavy. Which action will most effectively improve performance and reduce cost?

A company runs a production database on Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The SysOps administrator wants to improve query performance for a read-heavy application without increasing costs significantly. Which THREE actions should the administrator take? (Choose three.)

A SysOps administrator wants to be notified when an Auto Scaling group launches a new instance. Which AWS service can be used to capture the Auto Scaling lifecycle events and send a notification?

A company uses Amazon CloudWatch Logs to store application logs. The SysOps administrator needs to detect when the number of log entries containing the string 'ERROR' exceeds 100 in any 5-minute window. When this threshold is breached, an email should be sent to the operations team. Which combination of AWS services should be used with the least operational overhead?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront to distribute content globally. The operations team notices that the data transfer costs are higher than expected. The origin server is an S3 bucket in us-east-1. Which change would reduce data transfer costs?

A SysOps administrator is using AWS OpsWorks to manage a stack of web servers. The administrator wants to automate the installation of custom software on all new instances that are added to the layer. What is the best approach?

A SysOps administrator notices that an Amazon RDS instance's CPU utilization is consistently above 90% during peak hours. The application is read-heavy and can tolerate eventual consistency. Which action would MOST effectively reduce CPU load?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU and memory utilization of an EC2 instance running a legacy application that cannot be modified. Which TWO methods can be used to collect this information? (Choose TWO.)

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application stores session state in memory on each instance. The SysOps administrator wants to make the application highly available across multiple Availability Zones without losing session data when instances are terminated or replaced. The solution must minimize application changes. Which approach should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all Amazon S3 buckets in an AWS account are configured with server-side encryption using AWS KMS (SSE-KMS). The administrator wants to automatically detect any S3 buckets that are not compliant and remediate them by enabling SSE-KMS. Which AWS service should be used to implement this automated compliance enforcement?

Which TWO actions can be used to protect data in transit between an EC2 instance and an S3 bucket? (Choose two.)

A company runs a gaming application that uses Amazon EC2 instances to handle real-time multiplayer sessions. The application requires low-latency communication with users around the world. The SysOps administrator needs to accelerate content delivery for non-cacheable, dynamic content (such as real-time game state updates) and also provide static asset delivery. The solution must support both TCP and UDP traffic. Which AWS service should be used?

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a web application stack consisting of an Amazon EC2 instance, an Amazon RDS database, and an Application Load Balancer. The administrator wants to define the infrastructure as code and version control it. Which AWS service should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all API calls made to AWS are logged for auditing purposes. Which AWS service should be enabled to capture management events?

A SysOps administrator needs to reduce costs for a non-production environment that runs 24/7 but is only used during business hours. What is the MOST effective action?

A SysOps administrator is configuring a new VPC and wants to ensure that only traffic from a specific IP address range can access an EC2 instance via SSH. Which TWO components should be configured? (Choose two.)

A company uses CloudFront to distribute content globally. They want to reduce data transfer costs and improve performance for users. What feature should they enable?

A company is designing a highly available architecture for a web application using an Application Load Balancer (ALB) across multiple Availability Zones. Which configuration ensures that traffic is distributed evenly across all healthy targets?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator creates the CloudWatch Alarm shown. However, the alarm never enters ALARM state even though the CPU utilization of the EC2 instance is consistently above 90%. What is the most likely reason?

A company wants to ensure that its Amazon RDS database can withstand the loss of an entire Availability Zone. Which feature should the SysOps administrator enable?

A company has a CloudWatch dashboard that displays metrics for several EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator wants to share the dashboard with external stakeholders who do not have AWS accounts. Which actions should the administrator take? (Select TWO.)

An organization uses AWS OpsWorks for configuration management. The SysOps administrator notices that a stack's instances are not receiving the updated custom cookbooks after a new deployment. The cookbooks are stored in a private GitHub repository. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator needs to centralize logs from multiple AWS accounts into a single S3 bucket for analysis. Which solution is the MOST operationally efficient?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to manage infrastructure. A developer accidentally deletes a resource from the stack template, and the next stack update attempts to delete the resource. The SysOps administrator wants to prevent accidental deletion of critical resources. Which CloudFormation feature should be used?

A company runs a batch processing application on Amazon EC2 instances every night. The job takes exactly 1 hour to complete and is time-sensitive. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs while ensuring the job can be interrupted and resumed if needed. Which EC2 purchasing option is most cost-effective?

A company is using Amazon CloudWatch Logs to centralize logs from multiple EC2 instances. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that log data is encrypted at rest and in transit. Which TWO actions should the administrator take? (Choose TWO.)

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor Amazon S3 for object-level operations such as PUT and DELETE events in a specific bucket. The administrator wants these events to be sent to an Amazon SQS queue for downstream processing by an application. Which solution should be used to achieve this with the least operational overhead?

Refer to the exhibit. An IAM policy is attached to a user. What is the effective permission regarding the s3:DeleteObject action on the example-bucket?

An organization requires that all Amazon S3 buckets be encrypted with AES-256 server-side encryption. A SysOps administrator needs to enforce this policy across the entire AWS account. Which action should be taken?

A company is using AWS CloudTrail to log all API calls. The security team wants to ensure that logs are tamper-proof and stored securely. Which TWO actions should be taken? (Choose two.)

A company runs containerized applications on Amazon ECS using the Fargate launch type. The SysOps administrator needs to monitor CPU and memory utilization at the task level. Which AWS service provides pre-built dashboards and metrics for this purpose?

An organization has a production AWS environment with multiple VPCs and hundreds of EC2 instances. The security team wants to be alerted when any security group is modified. Which approach should a SysOps administrator use to meet this requirement with minimal overhead?

Which TWO security measures should be implemented to protect a VPC from DDoS attacks? (Choose two.)

A company is using Amazon S3 to store media files. The files are accessed frequently for the first 90 days, then rarely after that. The company wants to optimize storage costs. Which TWO actions should the SysOps administrator take? (Choose two.)

A company wants to host a static website on AWS with high availability and low latency for global users. Which combination of services should be used?

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances. The application's traffic pattern is unpredictable, often spiking to 3x normal load for short periods. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the application can handle spikes without performance degradation while minimizing costs. Which combination of purchasing options and scaling strategies should the administrator use?

An organization requires that all Amazon S3 buckets block public access entirely. A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that no bucket can be made public, even accidentally. Which approach enforces this control at the organizational level?

A SysOps administrator wants to identify Amazon EC2 instances that are underutilized to reduce costs. The administrator needs recommendations for rightsizing instances based on historical CPU and memory usage. Which AWS service provides these recommendations?

A company's security policy requires that all Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL instances be encrypted at rest using AWS Key Management Service (KMS) customer managed keys and have automated backups enabled with a retention period of at least 30 days. A SysOps administrator needs to use AWS Config to automatically detect any RDS instance that is non-compliant with either requirement and automatically remediate it. Which combination of AWS Config managed rules and remediation actions should be used?

A company requires that all API calls to AWS services be logged for compliance. The logs must be stored in a centralized S3 bucket with server-side encryption enabled. Which AWS service should be used to capture the API calls?

A company wants to monitor the performance of its EC2 instances and receive alerts when CPU utilization exceeds 80% for 10 minutes. Which AWS service should be used?

A company is running a critical web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances are in an Auto Scaling group across two Availability Zones. The company needs to ensure that if an entire Availability Zone fails, the application remains available. Which configuration meets this requirement?

A company wants to enforce that all Amazon EC2 instances launched in the AWS account must have a specific termination protection setting enabled. The SysOps administrator needs to automatically remediate any instances that are launched without termination protection. Which AWS service should be used to achieve this?

Which TWO actions should a SysOps admin take to troubleshoot an Amazon RDS instance that is experiencing high CPU utilization? (Choose 2.)

A company uses multiple AWS accounts and needs to generate a detailed cost and usage report that can be queried using Amazon Athena for custom analysis. Which AWS service should the administrator enable?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API activity. The security team needs to be notified immediately when an IAM user creates a new access key. Which combination of steps should a SysOps administrator take? (Choose TWO.)

A company requires that all Amazon EC2 instances launched in its AWS account must have termination protection enabled. The SysOps administrator needs to automatically remediate any instance launched without termination protection. The solution should use AWS managed services without custom scripts. Which AWS service should be used?

A company wants to provide low-latency access to a web application for users in North America and Europe. The application runs on EC2 instances in us-east-1 and eu-west-1. Which AWS service should be used to route users to the nearest region?

A company is using an Application Load Balancer (ALB) to distribute traffic to a fleet of EC2 instances. The company needs to ensure that the ALB sends requests to instances that are healthy and can serve traffic. Which feature should be used to monitor the health of the instances?

A company hosts a critical web application on Amazon EC2 instances in a single AWS Region (us-east-1). The SysOps administrator needs to implement a Disaster Recovery (DR) solution using a different AWS Region (us-west-2). The DR plan requires a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 1 hour and a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 15 minutes. The application uses an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster and static assets stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. Which combination of actions should the administrator take to meet these requirements?

Which TWO AWS services can be used to monitor the performance of an EC2 instance?

An organization is using AWS CloudFormation to manage its infrastructure. The SysOps administrator wants to update a stack that includes an Amazon RDS DB instance. The update requires changing the DB instance class. However, the administrator wants to minimize downtime. What should the administrator do?

An application running on an EC2 instance writes logs to a local file. The operations team needs to monitor these logs in near real-time for troubleshooting. Which solution provides the most efficient way to stream these logs to CloudWatch Logs?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor a custom application metric 'OrdersPerMinute' published to Amazon CloudWatch. The metric should trigger an alarm when the count exceeds 100 for more than 2 consecutive data points, but only during business hours (9 AM to 5 PM weekdays). The alarm must evaluate the metric as a rate per minute. How should the administrator configure the alarm?

A company uses Amazon CloudFront with an Application Load Balancer (ALB) as the origin. The SysOps administrator needs to restrict access to the ALB so that it only accepts requests from CloudFront. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company runs a critical web application on EC2 instances behind an ALB. The application experiences unpredictable traffic spikes. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that the application can handle spikes without performance degradation while minimizing costs. Which TWO actions should the administrator take?

An organization is using AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The SysOps administrator needs to receive notifications when stack creation fails. What is the simplest way to achieve this?

A company wants to be able to query application logs in near real-time using a SQL-like syntax. Which AWS service should be used?

A company wants to establish a dedicated, low-latency, private connection between its on-premises data center and an AWS VPC. The company does not want to use the public internet. Which AWS service should be used to meet this requirement?

A company runs a production database on Amazon RDS for MySQL with Multi-AZ enabled. During a recent Availability Zone outage, the database experienced a failover. After the failover, the application team notices that the database endpoint in the connection string no longer works. What is the most likely cause?

A SysOps administrator needs to provide temporary, limited-privilege credentials to an application running on an EC2 instance. The application needs to access an S3 bucket. What is the most secure way to grant these credentials?

A company has a VPC with a public subnet and a private subnet. The private subnet contains an EC2 instance that must access the internet for software updates. Which TWO actions are required to enable this? (Choose TWO.)

A company has an AWS account with multiple VPCs connected via a transit gateway. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that all traffic between VPCs is encrypted in transit. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A SysOps administrator ran a CloudFormation stack update that failed and rolled back. The stack status is UPDATE_ROLLBACK_FAILED. The administrator needs to fix the issue and bring the stack to a stable state. What should the administrator do FIRST?

A company has multiple VPCs in the same AWS account and Region, each with overlapping CIDR blocks (10.0.0.0/16). The SysOps administrator needs to establish connectivity between all VPCs and the on-premises network via AWS Transit Gateway. Additionally, certain VPCs must be isolated from each other while still reaching on-premises. How should the administrator configure the Transit Gateway to meet these requirements?

A company uses AWS Direct Connect to connect its on-premises network to AWS. The SysOps team notices that traffic from the on-premises network to a VPC is not using the Direct Connect connection but instead is going over the internet. The VPC has a virtual private gateway attached and the on-premises router is advertising a specific route. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses an RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance. They want to minimize downtime during a planned maintenance update that requires a database engine version upgrade. What should the SysOps administrator do?

A company processes orders using an Amazon SQS standard queue. The order processing application occasionally fails to process a message. The SysOps administrator wants to ensure that any message that fails to be successfully processed after three attempts is automatically moved to a separate queue for manual review. Which SQS feature should be configured?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an IAM user can launch EC2 instances but cannot terminate them. The user's permissions are based on an IAM group policy. Which action should the administrator take to resolve this?

A company runs a critical production workload on a fleet of EC2 instances managed by an Auto Scaling group. The instances are behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Recently, the company experienced a regional outage that caused all instances to become unhealthy. The SysOps administrator must design a solution to automatically recover from such an outage with minimal downtime. The solution must be cost-effective and not require manual intervention. The administrator considers four options. Which option meets the requirements?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator ran the commands shown. What is the state of the EC2 instance?

A company is using AWS CodePipeline to deploy a web application. The security team requires that all code changes be reviewed and approved before deployment to production. Which action should be taken to enforce this requirement?

Drag and drop the steps to set up an Amazon S3 bucket policy to grant cross-account access into the correct order.

A SysOps administrator is designing a disaster recovery plan for a critical application hosted on AWS. The application runs on EC2 instances with data stored in an RDS MySQL database. The RPO must be less than 15 minutes, and the RTO must be less than 1 hour. Which solution meets these requirements?

A company runs a stateless web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application usage is consistent throughout the day and is expected to grow steadily over the next year. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs while ensuring capacity is available. Which purchasing option should the administrator use for the EC2 instances?

A company is using AWS CloudFormation to manage its infrastructure. The SysOps Administrator needs to ensure that updates to a critical stack do not accidentally replace the database. Which feature should be used?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. An Application Load Balancer (ALB) is in the public subnets, and Amazon EC2 instances are in the private subnets. The SysOps administrator needs to allow the EC2 instances to access an Amazon S3 bucket in the same AWS Region without traversing the internet. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company runs a critical application on Amazon EC2 instances. The application uses an NFS file system stored on an Amazon EFS file system. The SysOps administrator must ensure that the file system is highly available and can withstand an Availability Zone failure. The file system must be accessible from all Availability Zones in the region. Which configuration is required to meet these requirements?

An Auto Scaling group launches new EC2 instances when CPU exceeds 70 percent. The instances take 4 minutes to bootstrap (install software, register with a service discovery system, and warm up caches). Without a hook, the load balancer routes traffic to new instances before they are ready, causing 503 errors. What is the correct solution?

An application uses an RDS MySQL DB instance. The administrator notices that read performance is poor during peak hours. What is a cost-effective way to improve read performance?

A SysOps administrator needs to grant a developer access to view only the logs of a specific Amazon RDS instance. Which IAM action should be allowed?

Refer to the exhibit. A Lambda function is unable to write logs to CloudWatch Logs. The IAM role attached to the Lambda function includes the policy shown. What is the issue?

A company is running a web application on a fleet of EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences variable traffic patterns with predictable spikes every day at 2 PM. The company wants to optimize costs while maintaining performance. Which solution is MOST cost-effective?

A company runs a critical web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in an Auto Scaling group. The application experiences intermittent latency spikes. The SysOps administrator has enabled detailed CloudWatch metrics on the ALB and the EC2 instances. The administrator notices that during the latency spikes, the ALB's TargetResponseTime metric increases, but the EC2 instance's CPU utilization and memory usage remain normal. The administrator also observes that the number of concurrent connections to the ALB spikes during these periods. Which action should the administrator take to identify the root cause?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU utilization of an Amazon RDS DB instance and receive an alarm when CPU utilization exceeds 80% for 5 consecutive minutes. Which AWS service should be used to create this alarm?

A company runs a production Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that in the event of a database failure, there is automatic failover to a standby instance in another Availability Zone with minimal downtime. Which deployment configuration should the administrator enable?

Refer to the exhibit. This bucket policy is attached to an S3 bucket that is used as an origin for a CloudFront distribution. Users are reporting Access Denied errors when accessing objects via the CloudFront URL. What is the MOST likely cause?

A company runs a critical web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer in a single Availability Zone. To improve reliability, what is the MOST effective design change?

An EC2 instance runs a Java application. The operations team wants to monitor heap memory utilization in CloudWatch and set alarms when it exceeds 85 percent. EC2 does not natively publish memory metrics to CloudWatch. What is the simplest way to get this metric into CloudWatch?

A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log all management events. The SysOps administrator needs to be notified when an IAM user creates a new access key. Which configuration is the MOST efficient?

A company needs to comply with PCI DSS requirements for its AWS environment. Which TWO services should the SysOps administrator use to automate compliance checks and generate reports? (Choose TWO.)

A SysOps administrator is designing a disaster recovery plan for a critical application that runs on EC2 instances with data stored on EBS volumes. The application requires an RPO of 15 minutes and an RTO of 2 hours. The current solution uses EBS snapshots taken every 6 hours. The administrator needs to improve the backup strategy to meet the RPO. What is the most cost-effective way to achieve this?

A company runs a stateful web application on a single Amazon EC2 instance with an Elastic IP address. The SysOps administrator needs to increase availability so that if the instance fails, a new instance can be launched quickly with the same configuration and the same IP address. The administrator also needs to ensure data is not lost. Which solution meets these requirements with the least operational overhead?

A company stores critical application logs in an Amazon S3 bucket. The SysOps administrator must implement a backup strategy that protects against accidental deletion of objects and allows recovery of previous versions. The solution must be cost-effective and require minimal operational overhead. (Choose two.)

An organization wants to centrally manage access to multiple AWS accounts in an AWS Organizations setup. Which AWS service should the SysOps administrator use to define and enforce fine-grained permissions across accounts?

A company has an S3 bucket that stores sensitive data. The security team requires that all access to the bucket be encrypted in transit. Which TWO actions should be taken to enforce this requirement? (Choose two.)

A SysOps administrator needs to allow a Lambda function to access a DynamoDB table in the same AWS account. Which configuration is required?

A company uses AWS CodePipeline to deploy a web application. The pipeline has a source stage (Amazon S3) and a deploy stage (AWS Elastic Beanstalk). The SysOps administrator needs to add a manual approval step before the deployment proceeds to the production environment. Which action should the administrator take?

An application running on Amazon ECS with Fargate launch type is experiencing intermittent failures. The tasks are spread across multiple Availability Zones. The SysOps administrator notices that failures occur only when an entire AZ becomes unavailable. What should the administrator do to improve the reliability of the application?

Which TWO actions should a SysOps administrator take to automate the deployment of a multi-tier application with AWS CloudFormation? (Choose two.)

A company uses AWS Organizations and has multiple accounts. The security team requires that all Amazon S3 buckets across all accounts must be encrypted at rest with AWS KMS (SSE-KMS). The SysOps administrator needs to automatically detect non-compliant buckets and remediate them by enabling SSE-KMS. The solution must work across all existing and future accounts. Which AWS service should be used?

A company is using Amazon CloudFront to distribute content globally. The company wants to restrict access to content so that only users from specific countries can access it. Which CloudFront feature should be used?

A company manages multiple AWS accounts using AWS Organizations. The security team wants to restrict the use of Amazon EC2 instance types to only those that are approved for production workloads (e.g., m5.large, m5.xlarge). The policy should be applied to all member accounts in the organization, and it should prevent any non-approved instance type from being launched. The SysOps administrator should implement this with minimal operational overhead. Which solution should be used?

A SysOps administrator is setting up centralized logging for multiple AWS accounts using CloudWatch Logs. Which TWO actions should the administrator take to ensure that logs from all accounts are aggregated in a single account?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator ran the describe-stack-events command for a CloudFormation stack named 'my-stack'. The stack creation failed with 'Resource creation cancelled'. What is the most likely reason?

A company runs a batch processing job every Saturday for 3 hours. The job can be interrupted and resumed at any point. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs for this workload. Which EC2 purchasing option should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator manages a fleet of EC2 instances that run a batch processing job. The job runs every hour and takes about 45 minutes to complete. The administrator wants to be notified if any job takes longer than 1 hour. Currently, the administrator uses CloudWatch Logs to capture job start and end times from application logs. The job writes a log message at start with 'JOB_START' and at end with 'JOB_END'. The administrator wants to create a metric filter that counts jobs that exceed 1 hour. However, the administrator is unsure how to achieve this with CloudWatch Logs. What should the administrator do?

A company runs a multi-tier application that uses an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL database. The SysOps administrator needs to monitor the database for performance anomalies, such as sudden spikes in connections or query latencies. The administrator wants to receive alerts when metrics deviate from their expected baseline. The solution must automatically adjust to changes in normal behavior over time, such as seasonal patterns. Which AWS service or feature should the administrator use?

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The security team wants to restrict access to a specific AWS service (Amazon EC2) in all accounts except for the 'production' account. The SysOps administrator needs to implement this restriction centrally. Which approach should the administrator use?

A company uses Amazon S3 to store backup data. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the data is encrypted at rest and that access is limited to only authorized users. Which TWO actions should be taken? (Choose TWO.)

A CloudFormation stack manages an RDS database, an S3 bucket, and several Lambda functions. During a recent stack update, a property change caused CloudFormation to replace the RDS instance, deleting the database and re-creating it — resulting in data loss. The team wants to prevent any future stack update from replacing or deleting the RDS instance without an explicit override. What CloudFormation feature accomplishes this?

A company has multiple VPCs in the same AWS Region that need to communicate with each other. The SysOps administrator wants to avoid the complexity of a full mesh of VPC peering connections. Which AWS service should the administrator use to connect all VPCs with a central hub?

A company's security policy requires that only traffic from the corporate office IP range (203.0.113.0/24) can access an Amazon S3 bucket that stores internal reports. The SysOps administrator must enforce this restriction. Which policy type should be modified to implement this requirement?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the command shown to investigate a CloudWatch alarm named 'HighCPU'. What does the output indicate?

A company is using AWS KMS to encrypt data at rest. Which TWO actions can be taken to audit the usage of a customer managed key?

A SysOps administrator wants to receive a notification when an EC2 instance's status check fails. Which AWS service should be used to achieve this?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a high error rate on an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The ALB is configured with two target groups: one for EC2 instances and one for Lambda functions. The administrator notices that the EC2 target group is unhealthy. Which THREE steps should the administrator take to resolve the issue?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the disk space utilization on a fleet of EC2 instances running Windows Server. Which TWO steps should the administrator take to collect and visualize this data? (Choose TWO.)

An application writes logs to a file on an EC2 instance. The SysOps team needs to send these logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs in real time. The logs must be encrypted at rest in CloudWatch Logs using a customer-managed KMS key. Which steps are required?

A company uses Amazon RDS for MySQL with Multi-AZ deployment. The SysOps administrator notices that the DB instance's CPU utilization spikes to 100% every few minutes. CloudWatch alarms have been set to trigger when CPU exceeds 90% for 5 minutes, but no alarm state changes are observed. The administrator checks the CloudWatch metrics and sees that the CPU utilization metric shows periodic spikes but they last only 2-3 minutes each. What is the most likely cause and what should the administrator do to receive notifications?

A company hosts a static website on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. They want to improve latency for users around the world by caching content at edge locations. Which AWS service should they use?

A company wants to use AWS WAF to protect a web application behind an Application Load Balancer. Which of the following can AWS WAF inspect? (Choose all that apply.)

A company has a VPC with a CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/16. They have two subnets: a public subnet (10.0.1.0/24) and a private subnet (10.0.2.0/24). An EC2 instance in the private subnet needs to access an S3 bucket to store logs. The instance currently has no internet access. The SysOps administrator has created a VPC endpoint for S3 (gateway type) and attached it to the VPC. The instance still cannot reach S3. What additional step is required?

A SysOps administrator uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a three-tier application. The administrator has a single template that can be used for development, test, and production environments. The only differences between environments are the EC2 instance type and the RDS DB instance class. Which CloudFormation feature should the administrator use to define these environment-specific values without duplicating the template?

A company is designing a VPC with public and private subnets. The private subnets need internet access for patching, but must not be directly reachable from the internet. Which TWO components should be used together?

A company runs a stateful web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. Users report that their sessions are frequently lost during scaling events. What is the MOST effective solution to maintain session persistence?

An organization uses AWS Service Catalog to manage approved IT services. A SysOps administrator needs to update a CloudFormation template used by a product. The administrator wants to ensure that existing provisioned products are updated with the new template version. What step must the administrator take after updating the product?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the application logs of a web server and receive an email notification when the number of 'ERROR' log entries exceeds 100 in a 5-minute window. The logs are already being sent to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Which combination of AWS services should be used to meet this requirement with the least operational overhead?

A SysOps administrator uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The administrator has a template that creates an Amazon EC2 instance and an Amazon RDS DB instance. The administrator needs to reuse the same template for development, test, and production environments, where the only differences are the EC2 instance type and the RDS DB instance class. Which CloudFormation feature should be used to define these environment-specific values?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy infrastructure. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that if a stack update fails, the stack is automatically rolled back to the last known good state. Which TWO steps should the administrator take? (Choose two.)

An RDS Multi-AZ DB instance fails over to the standby. The application uses the DB instance endpoint. What should the SysOps administrator usually do in the application after failover?

An application stores its RDS PostgreSQL credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. The security policy requires credentials to be rotated every 30 days automatically. During rotation, the application must continue to serve traffic with zero downtime. The application retrieves credentials by calling GetSecretValue at the start of each database connection. What must be configured to satisfy all requirements?

Refer to the exhibit. A SysOps administrator runs the CloudWatch Logs Insights query shown. What does this query do?

A company runs a production Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance in a single Availability Zone (AZ). The SysOps administrator needs to improve database availability so that in the event of a database failure or AZ outage, a standby instance is automatically promoted with minimal downtime. Which configuration should the administrator enable?

A SysOps administrator is configuring CloudTrail to log all management events and data events for S3 buckets. Which of the following are true about CloudTrail logging? (Choose THREE.)

A company has a web application deployed in a VPC with both public and private subnets. The web servers are in public subnets and the database servers are in private subnets. The web servers need to access the internet for updates. Which configuration is required to provide internet access to the web servers while keeping the database servers private?

A SysOps administrator wants to automate the creation of an Amazon RDS MySQL instance using AWS CloudFormation. Which CloudFormation resource type should be used?

Drag and drop the steps to set up an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection into the correct order.

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a single Availability Zone. The application stores session data in an RDS MySQL DB instance. To improve reliability, the company wants to deploy the application across multiple Availability Zones. Which combination of actions should the company take to achieve this? (Choose the correct course of action.)

A company runs a critical application on Amazon EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones. The application stores state data on a shared Amazon EFS file system. The SysOps administrator needs to ensure that the file system remains available if an entire Availability Zone fails. The file system must also provide low-latency access from all instances. Which configuration meets these requirements?

A company has an Auto Scaling group that launches EC2 instances in private subnets. The instances need to download software patches from the internet. Which component must be added to the VPC to allow outbound internet traffic while keeping the instances private?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an IAM user cannot launch an EC2 instance. The user has a policy that allows ec2:RunInstances. What is the most likely cause of the failure?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the CPU utilization of an Amazon EC2 instance fleet and send an alert when the average CPU utilization exceeds 80% for 10 consecutive minutes. The administrator also wants to automatically stop the instance if the CPU utilization remains above 90% for 30 minutes to prevent runaway costs. Which combination of AWS services should be used?

A SysOps administrator is setting up Amazon Route 53 for a domain that will be used for a web application. The application requires failover to a backup data center in another region if the primary becomes unhealthy. The administrator creates a failover routing policy with two records (primary and secondary) associated with health checks. After testing, the failover does not occur when the primary endpoint fails. What is the most likely cause?

An S3 bucket policy is shown in the exhibit. The AdminRole attempts to upload an object to my-bucket without specifying any server-side encryption header. What will happen?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a failed AWS Elastic Beanstalk environment update. The update changed the configuration of the EC2 instances in the Auto Scaling group, but the new instances fail to launch. The administrator checks the Auto Scaling group's scaling activities and sees a 'Failed' status with the message: 'Instance failed to reach the desired state.' What should the administrator check next?

A company has a production application running on Amazon ECS with Fargate. The application must be highly available across multiple Availability Zones. Which TWO configurations should be implemented?

A SysOps administrator is designing a disaster recovery strategy for a production RDS MySQL database. The database must be recoverable within 15 minutes with a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of less than 5 seconds. Which TWO actions should the administrator take? (Choose two.)

A SysOps administrator needs to deploy a new application version to an Auto Scaling group without causing any downtime. The application runs on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Which deployment method should the administrator use?

A company wants to audit all AWS account activity for compliance. Which THREE AWS services should be used together to achieve this? (Choose three.)

A SysOps Administrator is setting up a VPC peering connection between two VPCs (VPC-A and VPC-B) in different AWS accounts. After the peering connection is accepted, instances in VPC-A cannot ping instances in VPC-B. Both VPCs have non-overlapping CIDR blocks. What is the MOST likely cause?

A SysOps administrator manages multiple AWS accounts and wants to create a single Amazon CloudWatch dashboard that displays real-time metrics from all accounts in one view. The administrator needs to avoid managing separate dashboards for each account. Which solution should the administrator implement?

A company runs a production web application on AWS using Auto Scaling groups (ASGs) behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application state is stored in an Amazon RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance. The application experiences periodic traffic spikes, and the current ASG uses a simple scaling policy based on average CPU utilization. Recently, during a spike, the application became unresponsive for several minutes. The CloudWatch metrics show that the CPU utilization on the RDS instance peaked at 80%, and the DB Connections metric reached the maximum allowed. The read replica lag increased to over 10 seconds during the spike. The web servers are stateless and scale out quickly. The operations team needs to improve the reliability and performance of the application to handle future spikes. Which solution should the team implement?

Refer to the exhibit. An IAM user has this policy attached. The user tries to start an EC2 instance that has no tags. What will happen?

A SysOps administrator creates the above IAM policy for a user. The user reports that they cannot delete an object in the bucket 'my-bucket' even though they are using MFA. What is the likely cause?

A company stores application log files in an Amazon S3 bucket. The logs are accessed frequently for the first 30 days, then rarely accessed but must be retrievable within 12 hours. After 1 year, the logs must be archived for compliance with a retention period of 5 years, during which retrievals are expected to be extremely rare (one or two per year) and retrieval time of 12 hours is acceptable. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize storage costs. Which S3 lifecycle policy configuration should be used?

A company is using Amazon RDS for MySQL and needs to encrypt data at rest. Which action should be taken to enable encryption?

A company has two VPCs in the same AWS region. VPC A hosts a web application, and VPC B hosts a database. The SysOps administrator needs to enable private IP communication between the two VPCs without using the public internet. The administrator wants a simple, low-cost solution that uses the AWS network backbone. Which AWS service should be used?

A company has enabled AWS CloudTrail in all regions and is logging to an S3 bucket. The security team needs to be alerted within minutes if any IAM user creates a new access key. What is the MOST efficient way to achieve this?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy its infrastructure. The SysOps administrator needs to be notified when a stack creation fails. Which solution meets this requirement with the LEAST effort?

A SysOps Administrator needs to allow an EC2 instance in a private subnet to access the internet for software updates. Which AWS service should be used?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a Lambda function that does not write logs to CloudWatch Logs. The IAM role attached to the function includes the policy shown. What is the most likely reason the logs are not being created?

A company's application running on EC2 instances is experiencing intermittent errors. The SysOps team needs to collect and analyze application logs from all instances centrally. The logs must be stored durably and searchable with minimal latency. Which solution meets these requirements?

A SysOps administrator needs to track changes to security groups in the AWS account. Which AWS service should be used to record configuration changes and provide a history of security group modifications?

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application stores sensitive data in an S3 bucket. The security team has mandated that all data in transit to the S3 bucket must be encrypted using TLS. The SysOps administrator configured the application to use HTTPS endpoints for S3. However, a security audit reveals that some requests to S3 are still being sent over HTTP. The administrator checks the VPC Flow Logs and sees that the EC2 instances are communicating with the S3 bucket via a VPC endpoint. The company also uses an S3 bucket policy that allows access only from the VPC endpoint. What is the most likely reason that some requests are sent over HTTP?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a Lambda function that is not processing messages from an SQS queue. The function is subscribed to the queue via an event source mapping. The function has a reserved concurrency of 0. Which TWO actions will resolve the issue?

A SysOps administrator needs to design a VPC with public and private subnets for a web application. Which TWO components are required to allow instances in the private subnet to access the internet?

A company uses Amazon CloudWatch Logs to store application logs. The security team needs to be alerted when any log group contains a specific error pattern. The solution must minimize latency and operational overhead. What should a SysOps administrator do?

A SysOps administrator needs to allow an EC2 instance in a private subnet to download patches from the internet. Which AWS service should be used to achieve this securely?

A company's security team requires that all IAM users must use multi-factor authentication (MFA) to access the AWS Management Console. The SysOps administrator needs to create an IAM policy that denies all console actions if the user has not authenticated with MFA. Which IAM condition key should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting a slow-running application on an EC2 instance. CloudWatch metrics show high CPU utilization but low disk I/O. The instance type is t3.medium. Which action would most likely improve performance?

A company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy a multi-tier application. The template includes an AWS::RDS::DBInstance resource. The administrator wants to ensure that the database is not deleted when the stack is deleted. Which CloudFormation resource property should be set?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance's CPU utilization is consistently above 90%, but no CloudWatch alarm is triggered. The alarm is configured to monitor the 'CPUUtilization' metric with a threshold of 80% for 2 consecutive periods of 5 minutes. What is the most likely cause?

An application running on EC2 instances occasionally throws 'Connection refused' errors when connecting to an RDS database. The SysOps administrator needs to determine if the issue is due to database connection limits or network security groups. Which metrics and logs should the administrator examine?

A SysOps administrator needs to monitor the health of an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. The administrator wants to receive an alert when the database connection count exceeds a threshold of 500 for more than 5 minutes. Which AWS service should be used to create this alert?

A company is deploying a microservices application on AWS using Amazon ECS with Fargate launch type. The SysOps administrator needs to automate the deployment process so that when a new Docker image is pushed to Amazon ECR, the ECS service is updated with the new image. Which THREE AWS services should be used together to achieve this? (Choose THREE.)

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The application stores session data in an in-memory cache on the EC2 instances. During an instance refresh, users lose their session data. Which action should be taken to improve reliability without major application changes?

A company has an RDS PostgreSQL database with a Multi-AZ deployment. The primary instance fails. What happens to the application connections?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues between Amazon EC2 instances in two different VPCs that are connected via a VPC peering connection. The instances can successfully send ICMP (ping) traffic, but TCP connections on port 443 (HTTPS) fail. The security groups of both instances allow all inbound and outbound traffic. What is the most likely cause of the issue?

A company stores critical data in an S3 bucket and wants to be notified immediately when any object is deleted from the bucket. Which combination of services should the SysOps administrator use?

A SysOps administrator is designing a disaster recovery plan for a critical application that runs on EC2 instances in a single region. The RTO is 1 hour, and the RPO is 15 minutes. The application data is stored on an Amazon EBS volume. Which approach meets these requirements at the lowest cost?

A company uses an Amazon DynamoDB table with on-demand capacity mode. The table handles a workload with a steady baseline of 500 writes per second but spikes to 2,000 writes per second for a few hours each day. The SysOps administrator wants to reduce costs without affecting application performance during spikes. Which action should the administrator take?

A SysOps administrator notices that an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance has high read activity. The application performs many read queries but few writes. The database is currently a single db.r5.large instance. What change would improve read performance and reduce cost?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an EC2 instance's CloudWatch agent is not sending memory metrics. The agent is installed and configured to collect memory metrics. The IAM role attached to the instance has the following policy: { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": "cloudwatch:PutMetricData", "Resource": "*" }, { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": "cloudwatch:ListMetrics", "Resource": "*" } ] } What is the most likely reason the memory metrics are not appearing?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting DNS resolution issues for a custom domain used by an Application Load Balancer. Which TWO steps should the administrator take to diagnose the issue? (Choose two.)

Multiple microservices each write structured JSON logs to separate CloudWatch log groups. The operations team needs to find all ERROR-level log entries across all log groups for the past 24 hours and count errors by service name. Which approach achieves this with the least operational overhead?

A SysOps administrator wants to automate the deployment of an application to an EC2 instance. The instance is running, but the deployment script fails because the instance is not reachable via SSH. The administrator checks the instance state as shown in the exhibit. What should the administrator check NEXT to troubleshoot the SSH connectivity issue?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that an EC2 instance automatically recovers from an underlying hardware failure. Which configuration should be used?

A SysOps administrator wants to be alerted when an EC2 instance is terminated unexpectedly. Which CloudWatch event should be used to trigger a notification?

Match each AWS backup and disaster recovery service to its feature.

A SysOps administrator needs to reduce costs for an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance that is used for development. The instance is only needed during business hours (9 AM to 5 PM) on weekdays. Which solution is the MOST cost-effective while maintaining the ability to start and stop the instance on a schedule?

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting an issue where an Amazon RDS DB instance's storage space is running out. The administrator has enabled CloudWatch alarms for FreeStorageSpace, but the alarm did not trigger before the storage was exhausted. What is the most likely reason?

A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. The private subnets contain RDS databases that should not be accessible from the internet. Which configuration ensures that the databases are only accessible from the application servers in the public subnets?

A company wants to centrally collect and analyze logs from all AWS accounts in an organization. The logs include CloudTrail, VPC Flow Logs, and AWS Config logs. Which solution is the most scalable and cost-effective?

An organization wants to ensure that no Amazon S3 bucket in the entire AWS Organization can be made public. The security team requires a preventive control that cannot be overridden by individual account administrators. Which AWS service or feature should be used?

A company uses Amazon RDS for MySQL and wants to monitor the number of database connections in real time. Which CloudWatch metric should the SysOps administrator use?

Which THREE of the following are valid options for connecting a VPC to an on-premises network? (Select THREE.)

A company has an S3 bucket that stores sensitive data. The security team requires that all data be encrypted at rest and that all access be logged. Which TWO actions should the SysOps administrator take to meet these requirements? (Choose TWO.)

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances that are part of an Auto Scaling group. The application's traffic is predictable with regular peaks during business hours and low traffic at night. The SysOps administrator wants to optimize costs while ensuring that performance meets demand. The administrator also needs to minimize manual intervention. Which scaling policy should be used?

A SysOps administrator needs to ensure that an Amazon S3 bucket can withstand the loss of an entire AWS Availability Zone. What is the SIMPLEST configuration to meet this requirement?

A company runs a production web application on a single Amazon EC2 instance. The application experiences a predictable and steady workload 24/7. The SysOps administrator wants to minimize compute costs for this instance while ensuring it remains available during the expected workload. Which EC2 purchasing option should the administrator use?

A SysOps administrator is investigating why a CloudWatch alarm did not trigger an SNS notification. The alarm state changed to ALARM, but the notification was not sent. The SNS topic has a subscription to an email endpoint. What is the most likely cause?

A company uses AWS Organizations with multiple member accounts. The SysOps administrator needs to deploy a common AWS CloudFormation template that creates an IAM role across all member accounts in the organization. Which AWS service should be used to deploy this template across accounts?