CCNA IP Routing — All Questions With Answers

What is the OSPF metric called?

Question 2mediummultiple choice

What is the effect of route summarization at an area boundary or redistribution point?

Question 3easymultiple choice

What is the purpose of a default route on a router?

Question 4mediummultiple choice

What is the main reason a default route is sometimes called a route of last resort?

Question 5mediummultiple choice

What is the main purpose of route summarization in a routed network?

Question 6mediummultiple choice

What is the main reason route summarization can improve scalability in larger networks?

Question 7mediummultiple choice

Which statement best describes the role of a router’s routing table?

Question 8mediummultiple choice

What is the main reason a router uses the default route only after checking for more specific routes first?

Question 9mediummultiple choice

What is the main reason route administrative distance exists in Cisco routing logic?

Question 10mediummultiple choice

Which statement best describes equal-cost multipath behavior in routing?

Question 11mediummultiple choice

What is the main reason a more specific route usually overrides a less specific route, even when both point to valid destinations?

Question 12mediummultiple choice

Which statement best explains why a router uses longest-prefix match before other route-comparison steps between matching routes?

Question 13mediummultiple choice

What is the main operational value of a floating static route in a routed network?

Question 14mediummultiple choice

Which statement best describes the purpose of administrative distance when two different routing sources advertise the same prefix?

Question 15mediummultiple choice

What is the main operational purpose of a default route on an edge or branch router?

Question 16mediummultiple choice

What is the main purpose of a floating static route in a network that already uses dynamic routing?

Question 17mediummultiple choice

What is the main reason administrators use floating static routes in networks that already run dynamic routing protocols?

Question 18mediummultiple choice

What is the main value of route summarization at a distribution layer or area boundary?

Question 19mediummultiple choice

What is the main operational benefit of summarizing multiple routes into one broader prefix where appropriate?

Question 20mediummultiple choice

What is the main reason a default route is useful on a small branch router with a single upstream connection?

Question 21mediummultiple choice

What is the main operational purpose of a floating static route in a network that already uses dynamic routing?

Question 22mediummultiple choice

What is the main operational benefit of route summarization at aggregation points in a larger network?

Question 23mediummultiple choice

What is the main operational benefit of route summarization where appropriate?

Question 24mediummultiple choice

What is the main operational reason a floating static route is assigned a higher administrative distance than the preferred route source?

Question 25hardmultiple choice

Which statement best explains why BGP is discussed separately from interior routing protocols such as OSPF at a basic level?

Question 26hardmultiple choice

Open the full BGP breakdown →

Which statement best describes PPPoE at a basic CCNA level?

Question 27mediummultiple choice

Which statement best describes BGP at a basic CCNA level?

Question 28mediummultiple choice

What is the main difference between administrative distance and metric in route selection?

Question 29mediummultiple choice

Read the full VPN explanation →

Which statement best describes why a static route can still be useful even in networks that also run dynamic routing protocols?

Question 30hardmultiple choice

Which statement best describes why GRE is often mentioned together with VPN discussions but is not itself the same as encryption?

Question 31mediummultiple choice

Which statement best explains why BGP path-vector behavior is often presented as different from OSPF link-state behavior?

Question 32hardmultiple choice

Which statement best describes the difference between PAP and CHAP in PPP authentication at a basic level?

Question 33hardmultiple choice

A router learns route 198.51.100.0/24 from OSPF with AD 110 and also has a static route to the same prefix configured with AD 150. Which route is installed?

Question 34mediummultiple choice

A router output shows this neighbor state:

Neighbor ID 10.1.1.1   State FULL/DR   Address 192.168.12.1

What does the FULL/DR state indicate?

Question 35mediummultiple choice

A router learns 10.10.10.0/24 from OSPF and EIGRP at the same time. OSPF reports a metric of 20, and EIGRP reports a metric of 30720. Which route is installed in the routing table by default?

Question 36hardmultiple choice

A router shows this output:

R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
10.1.1.2          1   FULL/DR         00:00:34    192.168.12.2    GigabitEthernet0/0
10.1.1.3          1   2WAY/DROTHER    00:00:39    192.168.12.3    GigabitEthernet0/0

Which statement is correct?

Question 37mediummultiple choice

Which command correctly configures an IPv6 default route using next-hop address 2001:db8:1::1?

Question 38mediummultiple choice

A routing table entry begins with the code C. What does that code indicate?

Question 39mediummultiple choice

What problem is HSRP designed to solve?

Question 40easymultiple choice

Which Cisco IOS command configures a default static route pointing to next hop 203.0.113.1?

Question 41mediummultiple choice

Why is RIP rarely chosen for large modern enterprise networks?

Question 42easymultiple choice

What metric does RIP use to choose the best path?

Question 43mediummultiple choice

A router learns the same prefix from both OSPF and EIGRP. Which route is installed by default?

Question 44easymultiple choice

Which static route on R1 sends all unknown IPv4 destinations to next-hop address 192.0.2.1?

Question 45hardmultiple choice

Which summary route best represents these four networks?

10.20.0.0/24
10.20.1.0/24
10.20.2.0/24
10.20.3.0/24

Question 46mediummultiple choice

A router has these routes in its routing table:

O 172.16.0.0/16
O 172.16.20.0/24
S 172.16.20.128/25

A packet destined for 172.16.20.200 arrives. Which route will the router use?

Question 47hardmultiple choice

An engineer wants a static route to be used only if the OSPF route to the same network disappears. What should be configured?

Question 48mediummultiple choice

What problem do first-hop redundancy protocols such as HSRP solve?

Question 49mediummultiple choice

A router has routes for 10.10.0.0/16, 10.10.20.0/24, and a default route. Which route is used for destination 10.10.20.55?

Question 50hardmultiple choice

Two OSPF routers connected over Ethernet fail to become neighbors. Their interfaces are up/up and in the same IPv4 subnet. One router uses area 0 and the other uses area 1 on the connecting interfaces. What is the most likely cause?

Question 51hardmultiple choice

A static route is configured as 198.51.100.0/24 via 192.0.2.9, but the connected network to the next hop goes down. What happens to the static route in the routing table?

Question 52mediummulti select

Which two statements about OSPF neighbor requirements on a shared Ethernet segment are correct? (Choose two.)

Question 53hardmultiple choice

Two OSPF routers connected on an Ethernet link remain in the INIT state. Which issue is the most likely cause?

Question 54mediummultiple choice

A router learns 203.0.113.0/24 through OSPF and 203.0.113.0/25 through a static route. Which route is used for traffic destined to 203.0.113.10?

Question 55mediummultiple choice

Which OSPF network type on Ethernet performs a DR and BDR election by default?

Question 56hardmultiple choice

A router shows the following route:

O    10.10.40.0/24 [110/20] via 192.0.2.2, 00:00:12, GigabitEthernet0/0

What does the value 110 represent?

Question 57hardmultiple choice

A router shows the following routing table entries for the same destination:

O    10.10.50.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.12.2, GigabitEthernet0/0
D    10.10.50.0/24 [90/30720] via 192.168.13.2, GigabitEthernet0/1

Which route will become the active route in the routing table?

Question 58mediummultiple choice

A router interface is configured for OSPF, but neighbors do not form. The engineer checks the interface and sees Hello 10 and Dead 40. The neighbor on the same segment uses Hello 30 and Dead 120.

What is the most likely cause of the OSPF adjacency failure?

Question 59mediummatching

Match each routing term to its description.

Question 60hardmultiple choice

Read the full wireless explanation →

A packet destined for 10.1.1.130 arrives at the router. Based on the routing table, which route will be used?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route

O    10.1.1.0/24 [110/20] via 192.0.2.2, GigabitEthernet0/0
S    10.1.1.128/25 [1/0] via 192.0.2.6
O    10.1.0.0/16 [110/30] via 192.0.2.10, GigabitEthernet0/1
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 198.51.100.1

Question 61mediummatching

Match each wireless concept to its description.

Question 62mediummultiple choice

R1 has the following static route configured:

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.1

What does this route accomplish?

Exhibit

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.1

Question 63mediummultiple choice

A network engineer enters the following configuration on R1 and R2, but R1 cannot form an OSPF adjacency with R2 on interface GigabitEthernet0/0.

R1# show running-config interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf hello-interval 10
 ip ospf dead-interval 40
 ip ospf 1 area 0

R2# show running-config interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf hello-interval 5
 ip ospf dead-interval 20
 ip ospf 1 area 0

What is the most likely cause of the failure?

Exhibit

R1#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf hello-interval 10
 ip ospf dead-interval 40
!
router ospf 10
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R2#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf hello-interval 5
 ip ospf dead-interval 20
!
router ospf 10
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Question 64mediummatching

Match each route type to its description.

Question 65hardmultiple choice

A router has these routes installed. Which path will be chosen for traffic to 172.16.10.200?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route

O 172.16.10.0/24 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2
S 172.16.10.128/25 [1/0] via 10.1.1.6
O 172.16.0.0/16 [110/30] via 10.1.1.10
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 203.0.113.1

Question 66mediummulti select

Which two statements accurately describe longest-prefix match in routing?

Question 67mediummultiple choice

Why does a passive interface in OSPF still matter even though it does not send hello packets?

Question 68hardmultiple choice

A router pair is directly connected, but they do not become OSPF neighbors. IP addressing and area assignment are correct. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.1.12.1/30, Area 0
  Network Type POINT_TO_POINT

R2# show ip ospf interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.1.12.2/30, Area 0
  Network Type BROADCAST

Question 69mediummatching

Match each OSPF adjacency requirement or concept to its most accurate description.

Question 70hardmultiple choice

A router has both an OSPF route and a static route to the same destination. The static route has an administrative distance of 200. What is the expected behavior while the OSPF route remains available?

Question 71hardmultiple choice

A route to 10.10.20.0/24 disappears when an OSPF adjacency fails. Which design would most directly provide an automatic backup without changing the primary OSPF path during normal operation?

Question 72hardmultiple choice

A router learns the same destination from EIGRP and OSPF. The EIGRP route has a metric of 1000, and the OSPF route has a metric of 10. Which route is installed by default?

Question 73hardmultiple choice

A route to 192.168.1.0/24 appears in the routing table from OSPF, but a more specific static route to 192.168.1.128/25 is also configured. Which route is used for traffic to 192.168.1.200?

Question 74mediummulti select

Which two statements accurately describe OSPF route selection or behavior at the CCNA level?

Question 75mediummulti select

Which two statements accurately describe default routes in a routed network?

Question 76mediummultiple choice

Why is route summarization often useful at distribution or area boundaries in larger networks?

Question 77hardmultiple choice

A router receives two routes to 10.50.0.0/16: one from OSPF and one static route with an administrative distance of 90. Which route is installed by default?

Question 78mediummatching

Match each routing term to its most accurate description.

Question 79mediummatching

Match each IPv4 route type to its most accurate source or description.

Question 80mediummulti select

Which two statements accurately describe route summarization?

Question 81hardmultiple choice

Two routers are in the same OSPF area and on the same subnet, but they do not form an adjacency. One interface uses a hello interval of 10 seconds and the other uses 5 seconds. What is the most likely cause?

Question 82hardmultiple choice

An OSPF-enabled router has two paths to the same destination network, and both paths have the same OSPF cost. What is the most likely default behavior?

Question 83hardmultiple choice

A static default route is configured with an administrative distance of 250. What is the most likely design intention?

Question 84hardmultiple choice

A packet is destined for 192.168.40.130. The routing table contains 192.168.40.0/24, 192.168.40.128/25, and 0.0.0.0/0. Which route is used?

Question 85mediummatching

Match each route-selection concept to its most accurate meaning.

Question 86mediummulti select

Which two statements accurately describe OSPF passive interfaces?

Question 87hardmultiple choice

Two routers are directly connected over IPv6 and should form an OSPFv3 adjacency, but they do not. Link-local addressing is present on both interfaces. Which issue is most likely to prevent the adjacency?

Question 88hardmultiple choice

A router has a default route and a specific route to 203.0.113.0/24. Which route is used for traffic to 203.0.113.25?

Question 89hardmultiple choice

Two routers are directly connected and running OSPF. Their IP addresses and hello timers match, but they still do not become neighbors. One side is configured for area 0 and the other for area 1 on the shared link. What is the most likely cause?

Question 90hardmultiple choice

A routing table contains these entries for the same destination space: 10.1.0.0/16, 10.1.10.0/24, and 0.0.0.0/0. Which route is used for traffic to 10.1.10.44?

Question 91mediummatching

Match each route source or concept to its most accurate description.

Question 92hardmultiple choice

A router learns 172.16.0.0/16 from OSPF and 172.16.10.0/24 from a static route. Which route is used for traffic to 172.16.10.55?

Question 93hardmultiple choice

A router has routes to 192.168.0.0/16 and 192.168.100.0/24. Which route is used for traffic to 192.168.100.77?

Question 94mediummultiple choice

Why is a default route often called a route of last resort?

Question 95mediummulti select

Which two statements accurately describe longest-prefix match?

Question 96hardmultiple choice

An engineer configures a floating static route to 0.0.0.0/0 with an administrative distance of 200 while OSPF is providing a default route. What is the intended behavior?

Question 97hardmultiple choice

A router has a connected route to 192.168.1.0/24 and also has a default route. Which route is used for traffic to 192.168.1.55?

Question 98mediummatching

Match each routing concept to its most accurate description.

Question 99hardmultiple choice

A network engineer configures OSPF between R1 and R2, but the routers never become neighbors on GigabitEthernet0/0. Based on the exhibit, what is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.10.12.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf hello-interval 10
 ip ospf dead-interval 40
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.10.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R2#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.10.12.2 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf hello-interval 5
 ip ospf dead-interval 20
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.10.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Question 100hardmultiple choice

A router has the following routes in its table: 172.16.0.0/16, 172.16.20.0/24, and 172.16.20.128/25. Which route is used for traffic to 172.16.20.200?

Question 101hardmultiple choice

R1 and R2 are directly connected. Both are configured in OSPF area 0, and they can successfully ping each other. However, OSPF neighbor adjacency fails. R1's interface is configured with `ip ospf authentication message-digest` and a valid key, while R2's interface has no OSPF authentication configured. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco123
!
router ospf 10
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R2#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
!
router ospf 10
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Question 102hardmultiple choice

A router has a static route to 10.20.20.0/24 and also has a default route. Which route is used for traffic to 10.20.20.8?

Question 103mediummulti select

Which two statements accurately describe passive interfaces in OSPF?

Question 104hardmultiple choice

A router learns 10.0.0.0/8 from OSPF and 10.10.0.0/16 from a static route. Which route is used for traffic to 10.10.20.1?

Question 105hardmultiple choice

R1 and R2 are directly connected and running OSPF. The IP addressing is correct and both routers are in area 0, but they do not form an adjacency. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.1.12.1/30, Area 0
  MTU 1500 bytes

R2# show ip ospf interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.1.12.2/30, Area 0
  MTU 1400 bytes

Question 106hardmultiple choice

A router has routes to 192.168.100.0/24 and 192.168.100.128/25. Which route is used for traffic to 192.168.100.140?

Question 107mediummatching

Match each route source or route type to its most accurate description.

Question 108mediummatching

Match each routing term to its most accurate meaning.

Question 109hardmultiple choice

R1 and R2 are directly connected and running OSPF. They can ping each other, the area matches, and the timers match, but they still do not become neighbors. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.12.1 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco123
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

R2#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.12.2 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco321
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

Question 110hardmultiple choice

A router has routes to 172.20.0.0/16, 172.20.10.0/24, and 172.20.10.64/26. Which route is used for traffic to 172.20.10.70?

Question 111hardmultiple choice

A router has a directly connected route to 10.1.1.0/24 and a static default route. Which route is used for traffic to 10.1.1.200?

Question 112hardmultiple choice

A router has routes to 10.50.0.0/16, 10.50.10.0/24, and 10.50.10.128/25. Which route is used for traffic to 10.50.10.140?

Question 113hardmultiple choice

A router has routes to 192.168.0.0/16 and 192.168.50.0/24. Which route is used for traffic to 192.168.50.99?

Question 114mediummultiple choice

Why is a default route often described as a route of last resort?

Question 115hardmultiple choice

R1 and R2 are directly connected and both configured for OSPF area 0. The IP addresses are correct, but the routers do not become neighbors. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.12.12.1/30, Area 0
  Network Type POINT_TO_POINT

R2# show ip ospf interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.12.12.2/30, Area 0
  Network Type BROADCAST

Question 116hardmultiple choice

A router learns the same destination prefix from OSPF and from a static route configured with administrative distance 90. Which route is preferred by default?

Question 117hardmultiple choice

Two directly connected routers running OSPFv3 do not form an adjacency. Both interfaces have valid IPv6 addresses and can ping each other using link-local addresses. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address fe80::1 link-local
 ipv6 ospf 10 area 0
!
ipv6 router ospf 10
 router-id 1.1.1.1

R2#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address fe80::2 link-local
 ipv6 ospf 10 area 1
!
ipv6 router ospf 10
 router-id 2.2.2.2

Question 118hardmultiple choice

A router has a static default route with administrative distance 250 and also learns a default route through OSPF. What is the main design purpose of the static default route?

Question 119hardmultiple choice

A router learns 192.168.30.0/24 from OSPF and also has a static route to 192.168.30.0/24 with administrative distance 200. Which route is installed in the routing table while both are available?

Question 120mediummatching

Match each IPv6 host-configuration concept to its most accurate description.

Question 121mediummulti select

Which two statements accurately describe floating static routes?

Question 122hardmultiple choice

A router receives a destination prefix from EIGRP with administrative distance 90 and also from OSPF with administrative distance 110. The prefix length is identical. Which route source is preferred?

Question 123hardmultiple choice

An OSPF router learns a route with metric 20 and another OSPF route to the same destination with metric 30. The prefix length is the same. Which path is preferred?

Question 124mediummultiple choice

Why is route summarization useful at a distribution layer or area boundary?

Question 125mediummatching

Match each routing concept to its most accurate meaning.

Question 126hardmultiple choice

A route to 10.10.10.0/24 is learned through two OSPF paths. Both have the same prefix length and the same administrative distance, but one path has a lower OSPF metric. Which path is preferred?

Question 127hardmultiple choice

A router learns the same destination prefix from OSPF and EIGRP. The prefix length is identical, and both routes are valid. Which route is preferred by default?

Question 128hardmultiple choice

A router has an OSPF-learned route to a destination prefix and also a directly connected route to a broader supernet that includes that destination. The OSPF route is more specific. Which route is used for the destination?

Question 129hardmultiple choice

What is the main purpose of this configuration?

ipv6 route 2001:db8:100::/64 GigabitEthernet0/0

Exhibit

R1(config)# ipv6 route 2001:db8:100::/64 GigabitEthernet0/0

Question 130hardmultiple choice

R1 is an IPv6-only branch router. The administrator wants all unknown IPv6 destinations to be sent to the upstream router at 2001:db8:ff::1. Which command best achieves that goal?

Exhibit

R1(config)# ?

Question 131mediummultiple choice

Which WAN technology is most closely associated with establishing a direct point-to-point data-link connection between two routers over a serial link?

Question 132mediummultiple choice

What is the operational purpose of configuring the IPv6 route ::/0?

Exhibit

R1(config)# ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:ff::1

Question 133hardmultiple choice

A company wants to connect two sites across an IP network by creating a logical tunnel between the edge routers. Which technology is most directly associated with that requirement?

Question 134mediummatching

Match each WAN or interdomain concept to its most accurate description.

Question 135hardmultiple choice

Open the full BGP breakdown →

An administrator configures a GRE tunnel interface on a router with the following: interface Tunnel0, tunnel source GigabitEthernet0/0, tunnel destination 192.168.2.2. What is the main purpose of this configured tunnel?

Exhibit

interface Tunnel0
 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.252
 tunnel source GigabitEthernet0/0
 tunnel destination 198.51.100.2

Question 136mediummultiple choice

What is an autonomous system in basic BGP terminology?

Question 137mediummultiple choice

Why is a default route useful on a small branch router connected to a single upstream provider?

Question 138hardmultiple choice

Based on the exhibit, why is traffic to host 198.51.100.70 using the OSPF route instead of the static route?

Exhibit

R1# show run | include ^ip route
ip route 198.51.100.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.2

R1# show ip route
O    198.51.100.64/26 [110/20] via 192.0.2.6, GigabitEthernet0/1
S    198.51.100.0/24 [1/0] via 192.0.2.2

Destination being tested: 198.51.100.70

Question 139hardmultiple choice

A branch router uses PPP on a serial WAN link. Which additional PPP capability most directly improves access security on that link?

Question 140hardmultiple choice

Open the full BGP breakdown →

A router has a static route for 172.16.10.128/25 and an OSPF-learned route for 172.16.10.0/24. When forwarding traffic to 172.16.10.130, why does the router use the static route instead of the OSPF route?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
O    172.16.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.0.2.10
S    172.16.10.128/25 [1/0] via 192.0.2.6

Destination being tested: 172.16.10.130

Question 141mediummulti select

Which two statements accurately describe why BGP is often relevant at an Internet or multi-provider edge?

Question 142mediummatching

Match each WAN or edge concept to its most accurate description.

Question 143hardmultiple choice

Based on the exhibit, which route will be used for destination 10.1.1.70?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
O    10.1.1.0/24 [110/20] via 192.0.2.2
S    10.1.1.64/26 [1/0] via 192.0.2.6
O    10.1.0.0/16 [110/30] via 192.0.2.10
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 198.51.100.1

Destination being tested: 10.1.1.70

Question 144hardmultiple choice

You are verifying OSPF operation on router R1. After confirming that OSPF is configured on the correct interfaces, which command should you use next to directly check whether R1 has established a neighbor adjacency with another OSPF router?

Exhibit

R1#
router ospf 1
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0

Question 145hardmultiple choice

Based on the exhibit, what is the most likely reason the PPP link is down?

Exhibit

R1# show interface serial0/0/0 | include Encapsulation
  Encapsulation PPP

R2# show interface serial0/0/0 | include Encapsulation
  Encapsulation HDLC

Question 146mediummatching

Match each troubleshooting command focus to what it most directly helps verify.

Question 147hardmultiple choice

Based on the exhibit, which route will be used to reach 172.20.10.33?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
O    172.20.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.0.2.2
S    172.20.10.32/27 [1/0] via 192.0.2.6
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 198.51.100.1

Destination being tested: 172.20.10.33

Question 148hardmultiple choice

What is the best explanation for why a router chooses the OSPF route to 10.50.0.0/16 instead of the RIP route?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
O    10.50.0.0/16 [110/20] via 192.0.2.2
R    10.50.0.0/16 [120/1] via 192.0.2.6

Question 149hardmultiple choice

R1 and R2 are connected via Ethernet and are configured with OSPF, but they fail to form an adjacency. Upon checking the interface configurations, you see that R1’s interface is in OSPF area 0 while R2’s interface is in area 1, and both interfaces use default timers and are in the same subnet. What is the most likely reason?

Exhibit

R1#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.50.1 255.255.255.0
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.1.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R2#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.50.2 255.255.255.0
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.1.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 1

Question 150hardmultiple choice

Based on the exhibit, why is traffic to 192.168.40.200 using the default route instead of the intended static route?

Exhibit

R1# show run | include ^ip route
ip route 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.0 203.0.113.2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.51.100.1

R1# show ip route
C    198.51.100.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L    198.51.100.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

Question 151hardmultiple choice

Based on the exhibit, what is the most likely reason the PPP link is failing to authenticate?

Exhibit

R1#
interface Serial0/0/0
 encapsulation ppp
 ppp chap hostname Branch1
 ppp chap password cisco123

R2#
interface Serial0/0/0
 encapsulation ppp
 ppp chap hostname Branch1
 ppp chap password cisco321

Question 152hardmultiple choice

Based on the exhibit, which command is the best next step to verify whether the floating static route becomes active after the primary route is lost?

Exhibit

Current state:
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.0.2.2
Configured backup:
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.51.100.2 250

Primary route is then removed or lost.

Question 153hardmultiple choice

Why is R1 not installing the floating static default route into the routing table?

Exhibit

R1# show run | include ip route|default-information
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.51.100.2 250

R1# show ip route
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.0.2.2

Question 154mediummatching

Match each route-selection concept to the description that best fits it.

Question 155hardmultiple choice

Why is traffic to 10.10.10.200 using the EIGRP route instead of the OSPF route, given that both routes have the same prefix length?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
D    10.10.10.0/24 [90/30720] via 192.0.2.2
O    10.10.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.0.2.6

Destination being tested: 10.10.10.200

Question 156hardmultiple choice

A router has a static route configured: ip route 10.200.0.0 255.255.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/1. The output of show ip interface brief shows that interface GigabitEthernet0/1 is administratively down. Why is the route to 10.200.0.0/16 present in the running configuration but absent from the routing table?

Exhibit

R1# show run | include ^ip route
ip route 10.200.0.0 255.255.0.0 Serial0/0/0

R1# show ip interface brief
Interface       IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
Serial0/0/0     unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Question 157hardmultiple choice

R1 and R2 are connected via a GigabitEthernet link in the same IPv4 subnet, and both routers have OSPF configured in the same area. However, R1 is not learning any OSPF routes from R2. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1#
router ospf 1
 network 10.20.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 passive-interface GigabitEthernet0/0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.20.12.1 255.255.255.0

R2#
router ospf 1
 network 10.20.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.20.12.2 255.255.255.0

Question 158hardmultiple choice

Based on the exhibit, why is the static route not being used for 172.18.9.10?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
C    172.18.9.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S    172.18.0.0/16 [1/0] via 192.0.2.2

Destination being tested: 172.18.9.10

Question 159hardmultiple choice

A router has the following routes in its routing table: a static route to 10.60.4.16/28, an OSPF route to 10.60.4.0/24, and an EIGRP route to 10.60.0.0/16. Which route will be used for a packet destined to 10.60.4.17?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
O    10.60.4.0/24 [110/20] via 192.0.2.2
S    10.60.4.16/28 [1/0] via 192.0.2.6
D    10.60.0.0/16 [90/30720] via 192.0.2.10

Destination being tested: 10.60.4.17

Question 160hardmultiple choice

A router has a static route to 10.30.5.128/25, an OSPF route to 10.30.5.0/24, and a default route 0.0.0.0/0 in its routing table. Which route will the router use for destination 10.30.5.130?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
O    10.30.5.0/24 [110/20] via 192.0.2.2
S    10.30.5.128/25 [1/0] via 192.0.2.6
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 198.51.100.1

Destination being tested: 10.30.5.130

Question 161hardmultiple choice

Based on the exhibit, which route will be used for destination 192.168.10.130?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
O    192.168.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.0.2.2
S    192.168.10.128/25 [1/0] via 192.0.2.6
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 198.51.100.1

Destination being tested: 192.168.10.130

Question 162hardmultiple choice

Why does traffic to 172.31.80.10 use the RIP route (172.31.80.0/24) instead of the static route (172.31.0.0/16)?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
R    172.31.80.0/24 [120/1] via 192.0.2.2
S    172.31.0.0/16 [1/0] via 192.0.2.6

Destination being tested: 172.31.80.10

Question 163hardmultiple choice

A router has a static route and a RIP route for the same destination prefix. What is the primary reason the static route is preferred over the RIP route?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
S    10.90.0.0/16 [1/0] via 192.0.2.2
R    10.90.0.0/16 [120/1] via 192.0.2.6

Question 164hardmultiple choice

R1 and R2 are connected via a shared Ethernet segment. Both routers are configured in OSPF area 0 and are on the same IP subnet. OSPF authentication is enabled on both interfaces, but the adjacency is not forming. What is the most likely reason?

Exhibit

R1#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.10.12.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 C1sc0
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.10.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R2#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.10.12.2 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 C1scO
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.10.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Question 165mediummultiple choice

When two routes to the same destination are learned by OSPF from different paths, what criterion does OSPF use to select the best path?

Question 166hardmultiple choice

An OSPF-enabled router R1 fails to advertise the 192.168.50.0/24 network to neighbor R2, even though the neighbor relationship is up. Which misconfiguration on R1 would cause this?

Exhibit

R1 interface to LAN: 192.168.50.1/24 on G0/1
R1 OSPF config:
 router ospf 1
  network 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
  network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

Question 167hardmultiple choice

Exhibit: R1 has the static route 'ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.0.2.2 200' and also learns a default route from OSPF. Which default route will be installed while the OSPF route is present?

Exhibit

R1:
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [200/0] via 192.0.2.2 (configured)
OSPF neighbor advertises 0.0.0.0/0 as O E2 [110/1]

Question 168mediummultiple choice

A branch router learns a route to 10.20.30.0/24 from OSPF with metric 30 and also has a static route to the same prefix with an administrative distance of 5. Which route will appear in the routing table?

Question 169hardmultiple choice

R1 and R2 are directly connected via Ethernet on interface G0/0. Both interfaces are in the same subnet and configured for OSPF area 0. After enabling OSPF, R1's G0/0 is stuck in the INIT state in the OSPF neighbor table. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1 G0/0: ip 10.1.12.1/30, ip ospf hello-interval 10, ip ospf dead-interval 40
R2 G0/0: ip 10.1.12.2/30, ip ospf hello-interval 5,  ip ospf dead-interval 20
Both interfaces are up/up and in area 0.

Question 170hardmultiple choice

R1 and R2 are directly connected. Their interfaces are up/up and belong to the same subnet. R1's OSPF configuration places the interface in area 0, while R2's interface is in area 1. R1 does not show R2 as an OSPF neighbor. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1 G0/0: 10.12.12.1/30, ip ospf 1 area 0
R2 G0/0: 10.12.12.2/30, ip ospf 1 area 1
Both interfaces are up/up.

Question 171hardmultiple choice

A router has two static routes to the same 192.168.1.0/24 network: one via next-hop 10.1.1.1 with metric 10, and the other via next-hop 10.1.1.2 with metric 5. Both routes use the default administrative distance of 1. Which next hop does the router use to forward packets to this destination?

Exhibit

ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1 10
ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2 5

Question 172hardmultiple choice

Exhibit: R1 has a default route pointing to 10.1.1.2. Users lose internet access when that next hop fails, even though a floating static backup exists. Why is the backup not installed?

Exhibit

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.2.2 200
Primary interface remains up/up when upstream device fails.

Question 173mediummultiple choice

A router learns 172.16.40.0/24 from OSPF with AD 110 and metric 20. It also learns the same prefix from EIGRP with AD 90 and feasible distance 30720. Which route is installed?

Question 174hardmultiple choice

Exhibit: R3 learns 10.50.0.0/16 by OSPF through two equal-cost paths. What will R3 do by default?

Exhibit

R3 routing candidates for 10.50.0.0/16:
via 10.0.23.2 cost 20
via 10.0.34.4 cost 20
Both learned as OSPF intra-area routes

Question 175hardmultiple choice

Exhibit: A router has the following routes in its routing table: - OSPF: 10.1.1.0/24 - Static: 10.1.1.128/25 - Default: 0.0.0.0/0

A packet is destined for 10.1.1.130. Which route does the router use?

Exhibit

O 10.1.1.0/24 via 192.0.2.1
S 10.1.1.128/25 via 198.51.100.1
S* 0.0.0.0/0 via 203.0.113.1

Question 176mediummultiple choice

Exhibit: R1 has a static default route to 192.0.2.2 and also learns a default route from OSPF. Which default route is installed in the routing table?

Exhibit

show ip route 0.0.0.0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.0.2.2
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 198.51.100.2

Question 177mediummultiple choice

A router advertises its LAN network into OSPF, but no OSPF Hellos should be sent toward end-user devices on that LAN. Which configuration approach solves this cleanly?

Question 178hardmultiple choice

On a broadcast multiaccess segment, R3 has an OSPF priority of 255, but it is in the DROTHER state. Which explanation best fits OSPF behavior?

Exhibit

Current state:
R1 priority 1 - DR
R2 priority 1 - BDR
R3 priority changed from 1 to 200 after adjacency formed

Question 179hardmultiple choice

R1 is not forming an OSPF adjacency with R2 on GigabitEthernet0/1. Which mismatch below is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1 G0/1: 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
R2 G0/1: 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.252
Both interfaces are up and in area 0

Question 180hardmultiple choice

Exhibit: OSPF neighbors are not reaching FULL state on an Ethernet segment with multiple routers. The output of show ip ospf neighbor on R2 shows a neighbor in the 2WAY/DROTHER state. What is the most likely reason?

Exhibit

R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
2.2.2.2           1   FULL/DR         00:00:33    10.1.1.2        Gig0/0
3.3.3.3           1   2WAY/DROTHER    00:00:39    10.1.1.3        Gig0/0

Question 181mediummultiple choice

Exhibit: R1 has learned 10.50.0.0/24 through OSPF and also has a floating static route to the same prefix with administrative distance 130. Which route is installed while OSPF is healthy?

Exhibit

show ip route 10.50.0.0
O 10.50.0.0/24 [110/30] via 192.0.2.2
S 10.50.0.0/24 [130/0] via 198.51.100.2

Question 182mediummultiple choice

R3 has the static route 'ip route 172.20.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1'. Packets destined for 172.20.8.0/24 are being dropped. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

ip route 172.20.8.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.13.2
show ip route 10.1.13.0
% Network not in table

Question 183mediummultiple choice

A network engineer wants a static route to be used only when the OSPF-learned route disappears. Which configuration approach meets that goal?

Question 184mediummultiple choice

Exhibit: R1 shows an OSPF neighbor stuck in EXSTART with R2 on a serial link. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID     Pri   State     Dead Time   Address         Interface
2.2.2.2           0   EXSTART   00:00:31    10.1.12.2       Serial0/0/0

Question 185easymultiple choice

Which OSPF component is used to identify routers uniquely inside an OSPF domain?

Question 186hardmultiple choice

R1 has routes to 172.16.10.0/24 from multiple sources. Which route will be installed?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route 172.16.10.0
D 172.16.10.0/24 [90/30720] via 10.1.1.2
O 172.16.10.0/24 [110/20] via 10.1.2.2
R 172.16.10.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.3.2
S 172.16.10.0/24 [95/0] via 10.1.4.2

Question 187mediummulti select

Exhibit: R1 learns 192.168.50.0/24 from multiple sources. Which two statements are correct about the route that will be installed in the routing table?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route 192.168.50.0
Routing entry for 192.168.50.0/24
  Known via "static", distance 1, metric 0
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.1.1.2

Candidate sources seen on R1:
- static via 10.1.1.2
- eBGP via 10.2.2.2 metric 0
- OSPF via 10.3.3.3 metric 20
- RIP via 10.4.4.4 metric 2

Question 188hardmultiple choice

Exhibit: A router has both an OSPF-learned default route and a floating static default route. Which route is currently active?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route | include 0.0.0.0
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 10.1.12.2

R1(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.0.2.1 150

Question 189mediummultiple choice

Study the full ACL explanation →

Exhibit: R1 can ping 10.1.23.2 but cannot ping 192.168.3.10 behind R3. The routing table on R1 lacks 192.168.3.0/24. What is the best next check?

Exhibit

R1# ping 10.1.23.2
!!!!!
R1# show ip route 192.168.3.0
% Network not in table

Question 190mediummultiple choice

Exhibit: Consider the following ACL applied inbound on interface G0/0:

access-list 100 deny ip host 10.10.10.10 any
access-list 
100 deny tcp any host 10.10.10.10 eq 23
access-list 
100 permit ip any any

The intent is to block only Telnet (TCP port 23) to server 10.10.10.10 while permitting everything else. However, users cannot reach any service on that server. Why?

Exhibit

ip access-list extended BLOCK-TELNET
 deny ip any host 10.10.10.10
 deny tcp any host 10.10.10.10 eq 23
 permit ip any any

Question 191hardmulti select

Exhibit: An OSPFv2 adjacency between two routers on Ethernet is not forming. Which two mismatches would directly prevent the routers from becoming neighbors?

Exhibit

R1 g0/0: area 0, ip ospf authentication message-digest
R2 g0/0: area 1, no authentication

Question 192hardmulti select

Exhibit: A static route to 172.16.40.0/24 is configured, but traffic still follows the default route. Which two explanations are plausible?

Exhibit

R1(config)# ip route 172.16.40.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2

R1# show ip route 172.16.40.0
% Subnet not in table

R1# show ip route 0.0.0.0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.0.2.254

Question 193hardmulti select

A router has learned route 172.16.50.0/24 from OSPF with cost 20 and also has a static route to the same prefix with administrative distance 5. Which two statements are correct about route selection?

Exhibit

Routing information sources:
O 172.16.50.0/24 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2
S 172.16.50.0/24 [5/0] via 192.0.2.1

Question 194hardmulti select

A static default route is configured on R1 toward ISP-A, and a second default route toward ISP-B is configured with a higher administrative distance. Which two statements are correct during normal operation and after ISP-A failure?

Exhibit

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.51.100.1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.1 200

Question 195mediummulti select

A network engineer needs a floating static route to back up an OSPF-learned route. Which two configurations are necessary for the static route to remain unused until OSPF fails?

Question 196mediummulti select

A branch router is running single-area OSPF. An engineer wants an interface to advertise its connected network into OSPF but must prevent hello packets from being sent on that LAN segment. Which two actions achieve that goal?

Question 197mediummulti select

A route table shows both a default route and a more specific route to 192.168.50.0/24. Which two statements describe how packets destined for 192.168.50.25 are handled?

Exhibit

S* 0.0.0.0/0 via 203.0.113.1
O 192.168.50.0/24 [110/20] via 10.10.10.2

Question 198hardmultiple choice

A junior network engineer configured a floating static route on Router R1 to provide backup connectivity to a remote network 10.10.10.0/24. The primary connection uses OSPF. However, after the primary link fails, hosts on R1 cannot reach the remote network. The OSPF adjacency is down, and the floating static route is not appearing in the routing table. Based on the exhibit, what is the most likely cause of the issue?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route static
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
S    10.10.10.0/24 [200/0] via 192.168.2.2

R1# show running-config | include ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2
ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 200

Question 199hardmultiple choice

A network administrator is troubleshooting a connectivity issue between two remote sites connected via a WAN link. Hosts on VLAN 10 at Site A (192.168.10.0/24) cannot ping the server at Site B (10.10.20.100). The router at Site A has a default route configured with the next-hop IP address 10.10.10.2. The administrator checks the routing table on Router A and notices that the default route is not installed. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

Exhibit

RouterA# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is 10.10.10.2 to network 0.0.0.0

S*    0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.10.10.2, GigabitEthernet0/0
      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.10.10.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.10.10.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
S        10.10.20.0/24 [1/0] via 10.10.10.2, GigabitEthernet0/0
      192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10
L        192.168.10.1/32 is directly connected, Vlan10

Question 200mediummulti select

Which TWO statements about IPv4 and IPv6 static routing are correct?

Question 201mediummulti select

Which TWO statements accurately describe the behavior and configuration of floating static routes?

Question 202mediummatching

Drag and drop the IPv4/IPv6 static routing concepts on the left to the correct descriptions on the right.

Question 203hardmultiple choice

An engineer is troubleshooting an OSPF adjacency between two directly connected routers, R1 and R2. R1 is configured with a passive-interface default under the OSPF process, and the interface connecting to R2 is not explicitly set to no passive-interface. The engineer runs a show ip ospf neighbor command on R1 and sees no neighbors. What is the most likely reason for the missing adjacency?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
R1#

R1# show running-config | section router ospf 1
router ospf 1
 passive-interface default
 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
!

Question 204hardmultiple choice

An engineer is troubleshooting an OSPF adjacency issue between two Cisco routers, R1 and R2, connected via GigabitEthernet0/0 on both sides. Hosts on R1's LAN cannot ping hosts on R2's LAN. The engineer checks the OSPF neighbor state on R1 and sees the adjacency is stuck in EXSTART/EXCHANGE. The router IDs are 1.1.1.1 on R1 and 2.2.2.2 on R2, and both routers have a network statement for their directly connected subnet. What is the most likely cause of this problem?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf neighbor 

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
2.2.2.2          1   EXSTART/EXCHANGE 00:00:35    10.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet0/0

R1# show ip ospf interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up 
  Internet Address 10.1.1.1/24, Area 0, Attached via Network Statement
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Topology-MTID    Cost    Disabled    Shutdown      Topology Name
        0           1         no          no            Base
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.1.1.1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 10.1.1.2
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 40
    Hello due in 00:00:03
  Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
  Cisco NSF helper support enabled
  IETF NSF helper support enabled
  Can be used as a virtual-link endpoint
  Index 1/1/1, runqueue 0x0
  Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 
    Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2  (Backup Designated Router)
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

R1# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface GigabitEthernet0/0

Question 205mediummulti select

Which TWO statements correctly describe OSPFv2 router-id selection and verification in a single-area configuration?

Question 206mediummulti select

Which TWO statements correctly describe the behavior of the passive-interface command in single-area OSPFv2?

Question 207mediummatching

Drag and drop the OSPFv2 commands on the left to their correct descriptions on the right.

Question 208hardmultiple choice

A network engineer is troubleshooting OSPFv3 adjacency between two directly connected Cisco routers, R1 and R2, both running IOS-XE. The engineer configures OSPFv3 on both routers but notices that the adjacency does not form. The engineer runs 'show ospfv3 neighbor' on R1 and sees no neighbors. What is the most likely cause of this issue?

Exhibit

R1# show ospfv3 neighbor

          OSPFv3 1 address-family ipv6 (router-id 1.1.1.1)

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Interface ID    Interface

R1# show ipv6 interface brief
GigabitEthernet0/0   [up/up]
    FE80::1
GigabitEthernet0/1   [up/up]
    FE80::2

R1# show running-config | section router ospfv3
router ospfv3 1
 address-family ipv6
  router-id 1.1.1.1
  area 0
  interface GigabitEthernet0/0
  interface GigabitEthernet0/1

R1# show running-config interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local
 ipv6 ospfv3 1 ipv6 area 0
!

Question 209hardmultiple choice

An engineer is troubleshooting an OSPFv3 adjacency issue between two routers R1 and R2 connected over a serial link. The link is up/up on both sides, and IPv6 is enabled on the interfaces. However, the 'show ipv6 ospf neighbor' command shows no neighbors. The engineer checks the OSPFv3 configuration. What is the most likely cause of the missing adjacency?

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section router ospfv3
router ospfv3 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 area 0 authentication ipsec spi 256 md5 1234567890ABCDEF1234567890ABCDEF
!
interface Serial0/0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:1:1::1/64
 ospfv3 1 ipv6 area 0

R2# show running-config | section router ospfv3
router ospfv3 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
!
interface Serial0/0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:1:1::2/64
 ospfv3 1 ipv6 area 0

Question 210hardmultiple choice

A network engineer is troubleshooting an OSPFv3 adjacency issue between two directly connected routers. Both routers are configured for OSPFv3 in area 0 on their GigabitEthernet0/0 interfaces. The engineer checks the OSPFv3 neighbor status on R1 and sees that the neighbor state is stuck in EXSTART. The engineer verifies that both interfaces are up and have IPv6 link-local addresses. What is the most likely cause of this problem?

Exhibit

R1# show ipv6 ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Interface ID    Interface
192.168.1.2      1    EXSTART/DR        00:00:32    2               GigabitEthernet0/0

R1# show ipv6 ospf interface gigabitethernet0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Link Local Address FE80::1, Interface ID 2
  Area 0, Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 192.168.1.1, local address FE80::1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 192.168.1.2, local address FE80::2
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    Hello due in 00:00:07
  Index 1/1/1, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
  Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
    Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.1.2  (Backup Designated Router)
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

R1# show ipv6 route ospf
<no output>

Question 211mediummulti select

Which TWO statements correctly describe the configuration and verification of OSPFv3 for IPv6?

Question 212mediummatching

Drag and drop the OSPFv3 commands/terms on the left to the correct descriptions on the right.

Question 213hardmultiple choice

An engineer is troubleshooting a first-hop redundancy issue on a subnet where two routers, R1 and R2, are configured with HSRP. Hosts on the VLAN are intermittently losing connectivity to the default gateway. The engineer runs the `show standby` command on R1 and sees this output:

``` Vlan1 - Group 10 State is Active 2 state changes, last state change 00:00:45 Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.254 Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac0a Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac0a (v1 default) Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec Next hello sent in 1.2 secs Preemption enabled Active router is local

Standby router is 192.168.1.1, priority 200 (configured 200)

Priority 150 (configured 150) Group name is "hsrp-Vlan1-10" (default) ```

What is the most likely root cause of the problem?

Exhibit

R1# show standby
Vlan100 - Group 10
  Local state is Standby, priority 100 (configured 100)
  Hellotime 3 sec, holdtime 10 sec
  Next hello sent in 1.920 sec
  Virtual IP address is 192.168.10.1
  Active router is 192.168.10.2, priority 150 (expires in 8.832 sec)
  Standby router is local
  1 state changes, last state change 00:00:45
  Virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac0a
  Preemption enabled

Question 214hardmultiple choice

A network administrator is troubleshooting a connectivity issue on a subnet where two routers, R1 and R2, are configured with HSRP to provide a virtual gateway. Hosts on the subnet can ping the virtual IP address but cannot reach destinations outside the subnet. The administrator discovers that R1 is the active HSRP router. What is the most likely root cause of the problem?

Exhibit

R1# show standby
Vlan10 - Group 1
  State is Active
    2 state changes, last state change 00:03:45
  Virtual IP address is 192.168.10.1
  Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01
  Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01 (v1 default)
  Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
  Next hello sent in 1.920 secs
  Preemption disabled
  Active router is local
  Standby router is 192.168.10.3, priority 100 (expires in 8.928 sec)
  Priority 110 (configured 110)
  Group name is "hsrp-Vlan10-1" (v1)

R2# show standby
Vlan10 - Group 1
  State is Standby
    3 state changes, last state change 00:03:42
  Virtual IP address is 192.168.10.1
  Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01
  Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac02 (v1 default)
  Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
  Next hello sent in 0.432 secs
  Preemption disabled
  Active router is 192.168.10.2, priority 110
  Standby router is local
  Priority 100 (configured 100)
  Group name is "hsrp-Vlan10-1" (v1)

Question 215mediummulti select

Which TWO statements about HSRP active/standby election, priority, and preempt are true?

Question 216mediummultiple choice

A network engineer is configuring HSRP on a pair of Cisco routers to provide first-hop redundancy for a subnet. The goal is to ensure that the router with the highest IPv4 address always becomes the active router, and that it automatically reclaims the active role after a failure. The engineer configures priority 100 on both routers. Which additional configuration is required to meet these objectives?

Question 217hardmultiple choice

A network engineer notices that hosts on VLAN 100 (192.168.10.0/24) cannot ping the loopback interface (10.0.0.1/32) of a directly connected router R2. The engineer checks R1's routing table and sees an entry for 10.0.0.0/24 via a different next-hop, but no entry for 10.0.0.1/32. What is the most likely reason for the connectivity failure?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route 10.0.0.1
% Network not in table

R1# show ip route 10.0.0.0
Routing entry for 10.0.0.0/24
  Known via "eigrp", distance 90, metric 30720, type internal
  Redistributing via eigrp 1
  Last update from 192.168.1.2 on GigabitEthernet0/0, 00:12:34 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 192.168.1.2, from 192.168.1.2, 00:12:34 ago, via GigabitEthernet0/0
      Route metric is 30720, traffic share count is 1

R1# show ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
Routing entry for 10.0.0.0/24
  Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected)
  Redistributing via eigrp 1
  Directly connected via GigabitEthernet0/1

R1# show ip route 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255
% Network not in table

Question 218hardmultiple choice

A network administrator is troubleshooting connectivity from a PC (192.168.1.10/24) to a server at 10.0.0.5/24. The PC's default gateway is 192.168.1.1. Router R1 has a directly connected route to 10.0.0.0/24 via interface GigabitEthernet0/1, which is connected to another VLAN. The server is actually located on the 10.0.0.0/16 network, reachable via a static route through 192.168.1.2. What is the most likely cause of the connectivity issue?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route 10.0.0.5
Routing entry for 10.0.0.0/24
  Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected)
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.0.0.1, via GigabitEthernet0/1
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1

R1# show ip route | begin Gateway
Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 3 masks
C        10.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
O        10.0.0.0/16 [110/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:15, GigabitEthernet0/0
O        10.0.0.0/8 [110/3] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:20, GigabitEthernet0/2

Question 219mediummulti select

Which TWO statements correctly describe how a router selects the best path for a destination network when multiple routing table entries exist?

Question 220mediummulti select

Which TWO statements about interpreting routing table output are true? (Choose two.)

Question 221mediummatching

Drag and drop the routing concepts on the left to the matching descriptions on the right.

Question 222mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes, a default route, and a floating static route with a higher administrative distance, then verify with show ip route and show ipv6 route.

Question 223mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the recommended order (best practice) to configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes, a default route, and a floating static route with higher AD as a backup for the default route, then verify with show ip route and show ipv6 route.

Question 224mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes, a default route, and a floating static route with higher administrative distance, then verify the routing tables.

Question 225mediummulti select

Which TWO statements about IPv4/IPv6 static routing are true?

Question 226mediummatching

Drag and drop the route types on the left to the correct administrative distance and use case descriptions on the right.

Question 227mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure a single-area OSPFv2 network on two Cisco routers (R1 and R2) and observe the neighbor state transitions from Down to Full.

Question 228mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following OSPFv2 neighbor state transitions into the correct order, starting from the initial state after an adjacency is attempted and ending with the fully adjacent state.

Question 229mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following OSPFv2 neighbor state transitions into the correct order, starting from the initial Down state on a broadcast or point-to-point network (non-NBMA).

Question 230mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following OSPFv2 neighbor state transitions into the correct order, starting from the initial state when no neighbor information has been received.

Question 231mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following OSPFv2 neighbor state transitions and DR/BDR election steps into the correct order for a multi-access network where a new router joins an existing OSPF area.

Question 232mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure single-area OSPFv2 on a router and verify the neighbor state transitions from Down to Full.

Question 233mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following OSPFv2 neighbor state transitions and DR/BDR election steps into the correct order for a multi-access network with default priority values.

Question 234mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following OSPFv2 DR/BDR election steps into the correct order for a multiaccess network where a new router is added after the DR and BDR have already been elected.

Question 235mediummulti select

Which TWO statements correctly describe OSPFv2 DR/BDR election behavior in a multi-access network?

Question 236mediummatching

Drag and drop the OSPFv2 neighbor states on the left to the correct descriptions on the right.

Question 237mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco IOS-XE router and verify the OSPFv3 neighbor adjacency and route installation.

Question 238mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco IOS-XE router.

Question 239mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following commands into the correct order to configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco IOS-XE router.

Question 240mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco IOS-XE router, including enabling IPv6 routing, setting up the OSPFv3 process, enabling it on an interface, and verifying the adjacency and routes.

Question 241mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following commands into the correct order to configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco router.

Question 242mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to explicitly configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco IOS-XE router, assuming no OSPFv3 routing process exists beforehand.

Question 243mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco router.

Question 244mediummulti select

Which TWO statements accurately describe OSPFv3 configuration and verification for IPv6?

Question 245mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure HSRP version 2 on an interface and ensure the router becomes the active router, then verify the HSRP state.

Question 246mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure HSRP on a Cisco IOS-XE router, including priority, preempt, virtual IP, and then verify the active/standby election and failover process.

Question 247mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure HSRP on an interface and verify the active/standby election process, including failover and verification.

Question 248mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure HSRP version 2 on a pair of routers, set the active router via priority and preempt, then verify the election and failover process.

Question 249mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure HSRP on a router and verify the active/standby election process.

Question 250mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure and verify HSRP active/standby election, including priority, preempt, virtual IP, and failover verification.

Question 251mediummulti select

Which TWO statements are true regarding HSRP active/standby election, priority, and preemption?

Question 252mediummatching

Drag and drop the FHRP protocols on the left to their key characteristics on the right.

Question 253mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to describe the router's routing table lookup process for a destination IP address, including the best-path selection logic (longest prefix match, then administrative distance, then metric) and the final forwarding decision.

Question 254mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to describe the routing table lookup process when a router receives a packet destined for 192.168.1.100, from destination IP match to forwarding decision.

Question 255harddrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to describe how a router selects the best path and forwards a packet, using the routing table lookup process from destination IP to forwarding decision.

Question 256harddrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order for the router's routing table lookup process when forwarding a packet to a destination IP address, including the best-path selection logic.

Question 257mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to describe the router's routing table lookup process for a destination IP address, including best-path selection using longest prefix match, administrative distance, and metric.

Question 258mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to describe the router's routing table lookup process from receiving a packet with a destination IP address to making the forwarding decision, including best-path selection criteria.

Question 259hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. The network has a primary link to the ISP via R2 and a backup link via R3. Configure IPv4 and IPv6 floating static default routes on R1 so that the primary path goes through R2 (AD 1) and the backup through R3 (AD 10). Additionally, configure a static route on R1 for the internal LAN 192.168.10.0/24 via R2 (AD 1). The current configuration includes a static default route ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.3, which causes a recursive routing failure because 10.0.0.3 is not a valid next-hop address. Identify and fix the issue, then apply the floating static routes.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.6 10
ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
!
R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C       10.0.0.0 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       10.0.0.1 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
C       10.0.0.4 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L       10.0.0.5 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S       192.168.10.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2
! Note: static default route to 10.0.0.2 is missing from routing table (recursive failure)
R1# show ipv6 interface brief
GigabitEthernet0/0   [up/up]
  FE80::1
  2001:DB8:1:1::1/64
GigabitEthernet0/1   [up/up]
  FE80::1
  2001:DB8:2:1::1/64
R1# show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 4 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
C   2001:DB8:1:1::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:1:1::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, receive
C   2001:DB8:2:1::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/1, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:2:1::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/1, receive
! No IPv6 default route configured

Question 260hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes, default routes, and floating static routes so that R1 can reach the Internet via R2 (IPv4 and IPv6). The primary route to the Internet should use next-hop 203.0.113.2 (IPv4) and 2001:db8:203:0:113::2 (IPv6). A backup floating static route with administrative distance 200 must exist for IPv4 only, using next-hop 198.51.100.2. Ensure the default routes are correctly configured and troubleshoot any recursive routing failure. Note: R1 currently has an incorrect IPv6 default route pointing to 2001:db8:198:51:100::2 that must be removed.

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.0.0.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.0.0.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
      198.51.100.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        198.51.100.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L        198.51.100.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
      203.0.113.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        203.0.113.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
L        203.0.113.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

R1# show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 4 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route
       B - BGP, R - RIP, I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2
       IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
       ND - Neighbor Discovery, NDp - Neighbor Discovery prefix
       O - OSPF Intra, OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
C   2001:db8:10:0:0:0:0:0/112 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected
L   2001:db8:10:0:0:0:0:1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, receive
C   2001:db8:198:51:100:0:0:0/112 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/1, directly connected
L   2001:db8:198:51:100:0:0:1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/1, receive
C   2001:db8:203:0:113:0:0:0/112 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/2, directly connected
L   2001:db8:203:0:113:0:0:1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/2, receive

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.51.100.2 200

R1# show running-config | section ipv6 route
ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:203:0:113::2

Question 261hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes so that R1 can reach the loopback networks on R2 (192.0.2.0/24 and 2001:db8:1::/32) via G0/0. Also, configure a floating static default route via G0/1 (next-hop 203.0.113.2) with an administrative distance of 200 so that it is only used if the directly connected default route fails. The current configuration has a recursive routing failure for the IPv6 route and a missing default route.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.2
!
R1# show running-config | section ipv6 route
ipv6 route 2001:db8:1::/32 2001:db8:0:1::2
!
R1# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, ...
      10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        10.0.0.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
S        192.0.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 203.0.113.2
!
R1# show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 3 entries
C  2001:db8:0:1::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected
S  2001:db8:1::/32 [1/0]
     via 2001:db8:0:1::2
!

Question 262hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. R1 has two directly connected interfaces: G0/0 to R2 (IPv4 only) and G0/1 to a LAN switch (dual stack). Your task: configure IPv4 and IPv6 default routes on R1 pointing to R2 (next-hop 10.0.0.2 and 2001:db8:1::2). Also configure a floating static route to 192.0.2.0/24 via R2 with an administrative distance of 10 (so it is used only if the directly connected route fails). The current running-config shows an incorrect static route that causes recursive routing failure. Identify and fix the issue.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2
ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1
!
R1# show running-config | section ipv6 route
ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:1::2
!
R1# show ip route static
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 10.0.0.2 to network 0.0.0.0

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2
S    192.0.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.1 - recursive failure

Question 263hardScenario

You are connected to R1. The network consists of three routers: R1, R2, and R3. R1 must reach the loopback network 203.0.113.0/24 on R3 via two paths: a primary static route through R2's G0/0 (192.0.2.2) and a floating static route through R2's G0/1 (198.51.100.2) with an administrative distance of 150. Additionally, R1 already has a default route pointing to 192.0.2.2. Configure the two static routes to 203.0.113.0/24 on R1 as described. The default route does not need to be changed. Verify that the primary route is active and the floating route is used only if the primary fails.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.0.2.2
ip route 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.2
ip route 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0 198.51.100.2 150
!
R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.0.2.2 to network 0.0.0.0

     192.0.2.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.0.2.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
     198.51.100.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       198.51.100.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S       203.0.113.0/24 [1/0] via 192.0.2.2
S       203.0.113.0/24 [150/0] via 198.51.100.2
S*      0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.0.2.2

Question 264hardScenario

You are connected to a multilayer switch MLS1. Configure a static default route for IPv4 that points to next-hop 192.0.2.2, but also configure a floating static default route with an administrative distance of 10 that uses next-hop 198.51.100.2. Additionally, configure a static host route for IPv6 host 2001:db8:1::10/128 via next-hop 2001:db8:1::1. The current configuration has a recursive routing failure for the IPv4 default route because the next-hop 192.0.2.2 is not reachable; you must first fix that by adding a directly connected static route. Ensure the floating route becomes active only when the primary route fails.

Exhibit

MLS1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.0.2.2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.51.100.2 10
ipv6 route 2001:db8:1::10/128 2001:db8:1::1
!
MLS1# show ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
% Network not in table
MLS1# show ip route 192.0.2.2
% Network not in table
MLS1# show ipv6 route 2001:db8:1::10/128
IPv6 Routing Table - 3 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
S   2001:db8:1::10/128 [1/0]
     via 2001:db8:1::1
MLS1# show ip interface brief
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
Vlan10                 192.0.2.1       YES NVRAM  up                    up
Vlan20                 198.51.100.1    YES NVRAM  up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/0     unassigned      YES NVRAM  up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/1     unassigned      YES NVRAM  up                    up

Question 265hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes so that R1 can reach the loopback networks on R2 and R3 (203.0.113.0/24 and 2001:db8:1::/48) with proper failover. Ensure that the primary link (G0/0 to R2) is preferred over the backup link (G0/1 to R3) using a floating static route with an appropriate administrative distance. Additionally, configure a default route on R1 for IPv4 and IPv6 so that traffic to unknown destinations is forwarded via the primary link. Troubleshoot the existing configuration to identify and fix a recursive routing failure caused by a wrong next-hop address in one of the static routes.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section ip route
ip route 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.1.2 200
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2
!
ipv6 route 2001:db8:1::/48 2001:db8:0:1::2
ipv6 route 2001:db8:1::/48 2001:db8:1:1::2 200
ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:0:1::2
!
R1#show ip route 203.0.113.0
% Subnet not in table
R1#show ipv6 route 2001:db8:1::/48
IPv6 Routing Table - 5 entries
...
S   2001:db8:1::/48 [1/0]
     via 2001:db8:0:1::2
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0     10.0.0.1        YES manual up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/1     10.0.1.1        YES manual up                    up
Loopback0              192.0.2.1       YES manual up                    up
R1#show ipv6 interface brief
GigabitEthernet0/0     [up/up]
    FE80::1
    2001:db8:0:1::1
GigabitEthernet0/1     [up/up]
    FE80::2
    2001:db8:1:1::1
Loopback0              [up/up]
    FE80::3
    2001:db8:2::1

Question 266hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 must forward traffic to the 203.0.113.0/24 and 2001:db8:1::/48 networks through R2 (10.0.0.2/30, 2001:db8:ff::2/64). The primary path must use a next-hop of 10.0.0.2 for IPv4 and 2001:db8:ff::2 for IPv6. Additionally, configure a floating static default route for IPv4 that uses R3 (192.0.2.2/30) as a backup only when the primary path fails. The current configuration has errors: the IPv4 static route points to a wrong next-hop (10.0.0.5) and the primary default route is missing, causing the floating route (AD 100) to become active instead of serving as a backup. Fix these issues so that both primary and backup routes work correctly.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.5
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.0.2.2 100

R1# show running-config | section ipv6 route
ipv6 route 2001:db8:1::/48 2001:db8:ff::2

R1# show ip interface brief
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0     10.0.0.1        YES manual up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/1     192.0.2.1       YES manual up                    up

R1# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, ...
      10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.0.0.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
S       203.0.113.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.5
S*      0.0.0.0/0 [100/0] via 192.0.2.2

R1# show ipv6 route
C   2001:db8:ff::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected
S   2001:db8:1::/48 [1/0]
     via 2001:db8:ff::2

R1# show ip route 203.0.113.0
Routing entry for 203.0.113.0/24
  Known via "static", distance 1, metric 0
  Last update from 10.0.0.5 on GigabitEthernet0/0
  * 10.0.0.5, via GigabitEthernet0/0
  Route is not advertised to any peer

Question 267hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure static routes so that R1 can reach the IPv4 network 203.0.113.0/24 and the IPv6 network 2001:db8:acad:1::/64 via R2 (G0/0 10.0.0.2/30). Additionally, configure a floating static default route (IPv4) with an administrative distance of 200 via R2, and a fully specified IPv6 default route via R2. Then, verify that the IPv4 static route to 203.0.113.0/24 is correctly installed by checking the routing table. The current configuration has an incorrect next-hop causing recursive routing failure for the IPv4 static route.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2 200
!
ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:1::/64 10.0.0.2
ipv6 route ::/0 10.0.0.2
!
R1# show ip route static
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

R1# show ipv6 route static
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 3 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext type 1, OE2 - OSPF ext type 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext type 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
S   ::/0 [1/0]
     via 10.0.0.2
S   2001:db8:acad:1::/64 [1/0]
     via 10.0.0.2

Question 268hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 must reach the remote loopback 2001:db8:1::1/128 on R3 via R2 (2001:db8:0:2::2/64). Currently, IPv6 ping fails. Additionally, configure a floating static default route via R2 (198.51.100.2/30) with an appropriate AD so that it only becomes active if a dynamic default route (with default AD 1) is absent. Identify and fix the recursive routing failure, correct the next-hop, set the correct AD, and ensure the default route is present.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ipv6 router
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
ipv6 route 2001:db8:1::1/128 2001:db8:0:2::1
!
R1# show ipv6 route static
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 2 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
S   2001:db8:1::1/128 [1/0]
     via 2001:db8:0:2::1
R1# show ipv6 route 2001:db8:1::1
% Subnet not in table
R1# show ipv6 neighbors
R1#
R1# show running-config | include ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.51.100.2 1
!
R1# show ip route static
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 198.51.100.2 to network 0.0.0.0

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 198.51.100.2
R1# show ip route 0.0.0.0
Routing entry for 0.0.0.0/0, supernet
  Known via "static", distance 1, metric 0
  Last update from 198.51.100.2 on GigabitEthernet0/0
  * 198.51.100.2, via GigabitEthernet0/0

R1# show ip interface brief
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0     198.51.100.1    YES NVRAM  up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/1     10.0.0.1        YES NVRAM  up                    up
Loopback0              192.0.2.1       YES NVRAM  up                    up

Question 269hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. Configure single-area OSPFv2 on R1 and R2 so that they form a full adjacency. The link between R1 and R2 uses 203.0.113.0/30. R1 has G0/0 203.0.113.1/30 and R2 has G0/0 203.0.113.2/30. R1's router-id must be 1.1.1.1, and R2's router-id must be 2.2.2.2. R1's GigabitEthernet0/0 interface is configured as a passive interface under OSPF, preventing OSPF hello messages from being sent out of that interface. Ensure that R1 does not send OSPF hellos out of its loopback0 interface (203.0.113.129/32). After configuration, verify the adjacency is established and OSPF routes are exchanged.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 203.0.113.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 network 203.0.113.128 0.0.0.0 area 0
 passive-interface Loopback0

R1# show ip ospf neighbor

R1# show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet 0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 203.0.113.1/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State WAITING, Priority 1
  No Hellos (Passive interface)

R2# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 203.0.113.0 0.0.0.3 area 0

Question 270hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure OSPFv2 on R1 and R2 so that they form a full adjacency and can exchange routes. Currently, the adjacency is stuck in EXSTART state. Identify and fix the issue, then verify the adjacency becomes FULL.

Exhibit

R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
172.16.1.2       1   EXSTART/DR      00:00:30     10.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet0/0

R1#show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf hello-interval 10
 ip ospf dead-interval 40
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45
!

R1#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!

R2#show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf hello-interval 5
 ip ospf dead-interval 20
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45
!

R2#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 172.16.1.2
 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!

Question 271hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. The network administrator has attempted to configure OSPFv2 between R1, R2, and R3 but OSPF neighbor adjacencies are failing. Configure R1 to correct all issues so that R1 becomes FULL neighbors with both R2 and R3. Do not modify any other device's configuration.

Network Topology

Question 272hardScenario

You are connected to R1. R1, R2, and R3 are connected via serial links as shown. Configure single-area OSPFv2 on all three routers so that all interfaces in the 10.0.0.0/8 range participate in OSPF area 0, except the loopback interfaces. Currently R1 cannot form OSPF adjacencies with R2 and R3. Examine the running-config of R1 below and determine the corrective actions needed.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
 passive-interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 passive-interface Serial0/0/0
 passive-interface Serial0/0/1
!
R1# show ip ospf interface brief
Interface    PID   Area            IP Address/Mask    Cost  State Nbrs F/C
Gi0/0        1     0               10.0.0.1/24        1     DR    0/0
Se0/0/0      1     0               10.0.1.1/30        64    P2P   0/0
Se0/0/1      1     0               10.0.2.1/30        64    P2P   0/0
Lo0          1     0               10.0.255.1/24      1     LOOP  0/0
R1# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
2.2.2.2           0   FULL/  -        00:00:32    10.0.1.2        Serial0/0/0
3.3.3.3           0   FULL/  -        00:00:39    10.0.2.2        Serial0/0/1

Question 273hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 and R2 are directly connected via GigabitEthernet0/0. Configure OSPF process 1 on both routers so that they form a full adjacency. R1's router-id must be 1.1.1.1, and R2's router-id must be 2.2.2.2. Use network statements to advertise the direct link. Ensure that R1 does not send OSPF hellos out of its GigabitEthernet0/1 interface. The current configuration on R1 has mismatched hello and dead timers, and an incorrect network type, preventing adjacency. Fix all issues.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
 passive-interface GigabitEthernet0/1
!
R1# show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet 0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 192.0.2.1/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 192.0.2.1
  No backup designated router on this network
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 120
    Hello due in 00:00:18
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1# show ip ospf neighbor

R1#

R2# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
R2# show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet 0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 192.0.2.2/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 192.0.2.1
  Backup Designated Router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 192.0.2.2
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 40
    Hello due in 00:00:03
  Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
  Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1  (Designated Router)
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

Question 274hardScenario

You have console access to both R1 and R2. Configure OSPFv2 on both routers to establish a single-area adjacency in area 0. The link between R1 and R2 uses 10.0.0.0/30. Currently, OSPF is not configured on either router. After configuration, verify the adjacency forms and routes are exchanged.

Exhibit

R1#show ip interface brief
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0     10.0.0.1        YES manual up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/1     192.168.1.1     YES manual up                    up
Loopback0              10.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up

R1#show running-config | section interface
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
 no shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 no shutdown
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

Question 275hardScenario

You are connected to R1. R1 has OSPF configured on GigabitEthernet0/0 with network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 1, ip ospf hello-interval 10, and ip ospf dead-interval 40. R2 has OSPF configured on its GigabitEthernet0/0 with network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0, ip ospf hello-interval 5, and ip ospf dead-interval 20. Correct these mismatches so that R1 and R2 become OSPF neighbors.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 1
!
R1#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet 0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.0.1/30, Area 1
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.0.0.1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 0.0.0.0, Interface address 0.0.0.0
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 40
    Hello due in 00:00:07
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

R2#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
R2#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet 0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.0.2/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 10.0.0.2
  Backup Designated router (ID) 0.0.0.0, Interface address 0.0.0.0
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 5, Dead 20, Wait 20, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 20
    Hello due in 00:00:04
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

Question 276hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. Configure OSPFv2 on R1 and R2 to establish a single-area OSPF adjacency in area 0. The link between R1 (G0/0) and R2 (G0/0) uses 10.0.0.0/30, and both routers must use an MTU of 1500. The current configuration has mismatched hello/dead timers and an area mismatch, preventing adjacency. Fix all issues so that R1 and R2 become fully adjacent.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 1
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf hello-interval 10
 ip ospf dead-interval 40
 mtu 1500
!

R2#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf hello-interval 5
 ip ospf dead-interval 20
 mtu 1500
!

Question 277hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure single-area OSPFv2 on R1 and R2 so that they become fully adjacent. The link between them is 10.0.0.0/30, with R1 using G0/0 and R2 using G0/1. The current configuration has mismatched hello/dead timers: R1's G0/0 uses hello 10 and dead 40, while R2's G0/1 uses hello 30 and dead 120. Also, the 'passive-interface loopback0' command is missing on R1. Ensure OSPF is enabled in area 0, use router-id 1.1.1.1 on R1 and 2.2.2.2 on R2, and correct the timer mismatch.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 network 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
R1#show ip ospf interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.0.1/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.0.0.1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 0.0.0.0, Interface address 0.0.0.0
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    Hello due in 00:00:03
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#show ip ospf neighbor

R1#
R2#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
R2#show ip ospf interface g0/1
GigabitEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.0.2/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.0.0.1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 10.0.0.2
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5
    Hello due in 00:00:12
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

Question 278hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. Configure single-area OSPFv2 on R1, R2, and R3 so that all three routers can exchange routes. The current configuration has mismatched hello/dead timers on the link between R1 and R2, and an area mismatch on the link between R2 and R3. Correct these issues and ensure OSPF adjacencies form.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 network 10.0.13.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
R1#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.12.1/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.0.12.1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 10.0.12.2
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
  No Hellos (Passive interface)
  Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
    Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2  (Backup Designated Router)
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

R1#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/1
GigabitEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.13.1/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.0.13.1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 10.0.13.2
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
  No Hellos (Passive interface)
  Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
    Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3  (Backup Designated Router)
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

R2#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 network 10.0.23.0 0.0.0.3 area 1
!
R2#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.12.2/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.0.12.1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 10.0.12.2
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5
  Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

R2#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/1
GigabitEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.23.2/30, Area 1
  Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 10.0.23.2
  Backup Designated router (ID) 0.0.0.0, Interface address 0.0.0.0
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
  Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

R3#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 network 10.0.13.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 network 10.0.23.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
R3#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.13.2/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 3.3.3.3, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.0.13.1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 10.0.13.2
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
  Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
    Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1  (Designated Router)
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

R3#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/1
GigabitEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.0.23.2/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 3.3.3.3, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 10.0.23.2
  Backup Designated router (ID) 0.0.0.0, Interface address 0.0.0.0
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
  Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

Question 279hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure OSPFv2 on R1 and R2 so that they form a full adjacency and can exchange routes. The current configuration has mismatched hello/dead timers blocking the adjacency. Adjust only the necessary settings on R1 to match R2's OSPF timers.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
R1# show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 192.0.2.1/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State WAITING, Priority 1
  No designated router on this network
  No backup designated router on this network
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 40
    Hello due in 00:00:01
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

R2# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
R2# show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 192.0.2.2/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State WAITING, Priority 1
  No designated router on this network
  No backup designated router on this network
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 5, Dead 20, Wait 20, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 20
    Hello due in 00:00:03
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

Question 280hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. You have attempted to configure single-area OSPFv2 on R1 and R2 so that they form a full adjacency, but the adjacency is not establishing. The link between them is 192.168.1.0/30. R1 uses G0/0 (192.168.1.1/30) and R2 uses G0/0 (192.168.1.2/30). R1's router-id must be 1.1.1.1, and R2's router-id must be 2.2.2.2. Additionally, ensure that no OSPF hello packets are sent on R1's loopback0 interface (10.0.0.1/32). After troubleshooting, identify what is causing the issue and what must be corrected. Then verify the adjacency is full and passive-interface is set correctly.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 passive-interface loopback0
 network 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
R1#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 192.168.1.1/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 192.168.1.1
  Backup Designated router (ID) 0.0.0.0, Interface address 0.0.0.0
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 40
  Hello due in 00:00:03
  Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
  Cisco NSF helper support enabled
  IETF NSF helper support enabled
  Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#show ip ospf neighbor

R1#

R2#show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
R2#show ip ospf interface gigabitethernet0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 192.168.1.2/30, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
  Designated Router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 192.168.1.2
  Backup Designated router (ID) 0.0.0.0, Interface address 0.0.0.0
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 5, Dead 20, Wait 20, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 20
  Hello due in 00:00:01
  Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
  Cisco NSF helper support enabled
  IETF NSF helper support enabled
  Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

Question 281hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 and R2 are directly connected via their GigabitEthernet0/0 interfaces. Configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on both routers so that the loopback0 interface on R2 (with IPv6 address 2001:db8:acad:2::1/64) is reachable from R1. Enable IPv6 unicast routing, enable OSPFv3 on the appropriate interfaces, and verify the neighbor adjacency and routing table. (Note: R2 already has OSPFv3 configured and is waiting for R1 to complete its configuration.)

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:1::1/64
 no shutdown
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:1::100/64
 no shutdown
!
end

R1# show ipv6 interface brief
GigabitEthernet0/0      [up/up]
    FE80::1
    2001:db8:acad:1::1
Loopback0               [up/up]
    FE80::100
    2001:db8:acad:1::100

Question 282hardScenario

You are connected to R1, a router that must establish OSPFv3 adjacency with R2 over the directly connected link G0/0. The current configuration is incomplete: OSPFv3 process is configured but not enabled on the interface, and global IPv6 unicast routing is missing. Configure R1 so that it becomes an OSPFv3 neighbor with R2 and learns the loopback route 2001:db8:1:2::/64 via OSPFv3. Then verify neighbor state and routing table.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:1::1/64
 no shutdown
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:1::1/64
!

R1#show ipv6 interface brief
GigabitEthernet0/0    [up/up]
    FE80::1
    2001:db8:0:1::1
Loopback0             [up/up]
    FE80::1
    2001:db8:1:1::1

R2 (partial config for context):
ipv6 unicast-routing
ipv6 router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:1::2/64
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
 no shutdown
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:2::2/64
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0

Question 283hardScenario

You are connected to R1, a Cisco router that must establish OSPFv3 adjacency with R2 over its GigabitEthernet0/0 link. The link uses IPv6 addresses 2001:db8:1:1::1/64 on R1 and 2001:db8:1:1::2/64 on R2. R1 currently has IPv6 unicast routing enabled but no OSPFv3 process configured. Configure R1 so that it forms a full OSPFv3 neighbor relationship with R2 and installs the loopback network 2001:db8:2:2::/64 (advertised by R2) into its IPv6 routing table.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:1::1/64
 no shutdown
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:0::1/64
 no shutdown
!

Question 284hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. Configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on R1 and R2 so that IPv6 loopback interfaces on both routers can communicate. R1's GigabitEthernet0/0 and R2's GigabitEthernet0/1 are directly connected. Ensure OSPFv3 is enabled on the correct interfaces and verify neighbors and routes.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1::1/64
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:12::1/64
 no shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:13::1/64
 no shutdown

R2# show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:2::1/64
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:23::1/64
 no shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:12::2/64
 no shutdown

Question 285hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on R1 and R2 so that the loopback0 interface on R1 (IPv6 address 2001:db8:1::1/64) can ping the loopback0 interface on R2 (IPv6 address 2001:db8:2::1/64). The routers are connected via their GigabitEthernet0/0 interfaces using IPv6 addresses 2001:db8:12::1/64 (R1) and 2001:db8:12::2/64 (R2). OSPFv3 process ID 100 must be used, and all interfaces must be in area 0.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:1::1/64
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:12::1/64
 no shutdown
!
end

R2# show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:2::1/64
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:12::2/64
 no shutdown
!
end

Question 286hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 so that R1 and R2 can exchange IPv6 routes over their directly connected link. Enable IPv6 routing, assign OSPFv3 process and area on the interface, and verify that the neighbor adjacency forms and routes appear in the IPv6 routing table.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.0.2.1 255.255.255.252
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45
 no shutdown
!
R1# show ipv6 interface brief
GigabitEthernet0/0            [up/up]
    FE80::1
    2001:DB8:1::1/64
Loopback0                     [up/up]
    FE80::1
    2001:DB8:2::1/64
R1# show running-config | include ipv6 unicast-routing
no ipv6 unicast-routing

Question 287hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. Configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on both R1 and R2 so that the loopback0 interface on R2 (IPv6 address 2001:db8:1:2::1/64) is reachable from R1. The link between R1 and R2 uses the subnet 2001:db8:1:1::/64 with R1's G0/0 having IPv6 address 2001:db8:1:1::1/64 and R2's G0/0 having 2001:db8:1:1::2/64. OSPFv3 process ID must be 100 and all interfaces must be in area 0. After configuration, verify OSPFv3 neighbors and the IPv6 route to the loopback0 network.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:1::1/64
 no shutdown
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:3::1/64
!
end

R2#show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:1::2/64
 no shutdown
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:2::1/64
!
end

Question 288hardScenario

You are connected to R1. The network must route IPv6 traffic between two directly connected routers using OSPFv3. Configure OSPFv3 on R1's GigabitEthernet0/0 interface in area 0, enable IPv6 unicast routing, and verify that R1 forms an OSPFv3 neighbor adjacency with R2 and learns the remote network 2001:DB8:CAFE:2::/64 via OSPFv3.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/64
 no shutdown
!
R1# show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 3 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route
       B - BGP, M - MIPv6, R - RIP, I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2
       IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
       ND - Neighbor Discovery, O - OSPF Intra, OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1
       OE2 - OSPF ext 2, ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
C   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, receive

R1# show ospfv3 neighbor

R1#

Question 289hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on R1 and R2 so that they can exchange IPv6 routes. R1's GigabitEthernet0/0 is connected to R2's GigabitEthernet0/0. R1 has a loopback0 with IPv6 address 2001:db8:1::1/32, and R2 has a loopback0 with IPv6 address 2001:db8:2::2/32. Ensure OSPFv3 is enabled on both routers, the link interfaces are in area 0, and R1 learns the loopback route from R2.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:abcd::1/64
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1::1/32
!
router ospfv3 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
!
R2# show running-config | section ipv6
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:abcd::2/64
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv6 address 2001:db8:2::2/32
!
router ospfv3 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2

Question 290hardScenario

You are connected to R1. The network uses HSRP to provide first-hop redundancy for VLAN 10 clients. R1 should be the active router with a priority of 150, preempt enabled, and should track interface GigabitEthernet0/1 (decrement priority by 20 if it goes down). The virtual IP is 192.168.10.254. Currently, both routers are active for the same group. Fix the configuration on R1 so that it becomes the active router and preempts when possible.

Exhibit

R1# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       10   100   Active  local           192.168.10.2    192.168.10.254
Gi0/0       10   100   Active  192.168.10.2    local           192.168.10.254

R1# show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
 standby version 2
 standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254
 standby 10 priority 100
 no standby 10 preempt
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
!

Question 291hardScenario

You are connected to R1. The network uses HSRP for default gateway redundancy. Currently, both routers R1 and R2 are in the 'Active' state for HSRP group 10, causing traffic issues. Configure HSRP on R1 so that it becomes the Active router with a priority of 150, preempt enabled, a virtual IP of 192.168.1.254, and track interface GigabitEthernet0/1 so that if it goes down, the priority decrements by 20. Then verify the configuration with 'show standby brief'.

Exhibit

R1#show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       10   100   Active  192.168.1.1     192.168.1.2     192.168.1.1

R1#show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 no shutdown

R1#show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/1
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
 no shutdown

Question 292hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. R1 and R2 are running HSRP for the VLAN 10 subnet 192.168.10.0/24. Currently both routers are active for group 10, causing instability. Configure R1 so that it becomes the active router when its G0/0 interface is up, and R2 takes over only if R1's G0/0 fails. Also correct the virtual IP address to 192.168.10.1. Verify with show standby brief.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
 standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254
 standby 10 priority 150
 standby 10 preempt
!

R1#show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       10   150 P Active  local           192.168.10.3    192.168.10.254

R1#show standby
GigabitEthernet0/0 - Group 10
  State is Active
    2 state changes, last state change 00:00:45
  Virtual IP address is 192.168.10.254
  Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac0a
    Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac0a (v1 default)
  Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
    Next hello sent in 0.816 secs
  Preemption enabled
  Active router is local
  Standby router is 192.168.10.3
  Priority 150 (configured 150)
  Group name is "hsrp-Gi0/0-10" (default)

R2#show standby brief
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       10   100   Active  local           192.168.10.2    192.168.10.254

Question 293hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure HSRP so that R1 becomes the active router for VLAN 10, with a virtual IP of 192.168.10.1. Ensure that R1 preempts if it comes back online after a failure. Also, configure R1 to decrement its HSRP priority by 20 if its GigabitEthernet0/1 interface goes down. The current configuration shows both routers as active — identify and fix the issues.

Exhibit

R1# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0.10    10   100   Active  local           192.168.10.2    192.168.10.254
Gi0/0.10    10   100   Active  192.168.10.2    local           192.168.10.254

R1# show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0.10
interface GigabitEthernet0/0.10
 encapsulation dot1Q 10
 ip address 192.168.10.3 255.255.255.0
 standby version 2
 standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254
 standby 10 priority 100
! Note: no 'preempt' configured
! Note: no track interface configured

Question 294hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure HSRP on interface GigabitEthernet0/0 so that R1 becomes the active router for group 10 with a virtual IP of 192.0.2.254/24. Ensure that R1 preempts if it regains a higher priority, and track interface GigabitEthernet0/1 to decrement priority by 20 if it goes down. Additionally, troubleshoot the current configuration: both routers are showing as active for group 11 with virtual IP 203.0.113.1, which is incorrect — the virtual IP should be 203.0.113.254 for group 11.

Exhibit

R1# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       10   100   Active  local           unknown         192.0.2.254
Gi0/0       11   100   Active  local           unknown         203.0.113.1

R1# show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
 standby version 2
 standby 10 ip 192.0.2.254
 standby 10 priority 100
 standby 11 ip 203.0.113.1
 standby 11 priority 100
!

Question 295hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure HSRP on R1 and R2 so that R1 is the active gateway for VLAN 100 with a virtual IP of 192.0.2.254. R1 should preempt and track its G0/1 interface to decrement priority by 20 if it goes down. Currently, both routers show active for the group, and the virtual IP is incorrectly set. Troubleshoot and fix the configuration on R1 only.

Exhibit

R1# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0.100   1    100   Active  local           192.0.2.2       192.0.2.254

R1# show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0.100
interface GigabitEthernet0/0.100
 encapsulation dot1Q 100
 ip address 192.0.2.1 255.255.255.0
 standby 1 ip 192.0.2.254
 standby 1 priority 100
 standby 1 preempt
 standby 1 track GigabitEthernet0/1 20
!

R2# show standby brief (from show ip arp, not shown, but known that both are active)

Question 296hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. The routers R1 and R2 are directly connected using their GigabitEthernet0/0 interfaces, which are in VLAN 100 and use subnet 192.168.1.0/24. Both routers are currently showing as active for HSRP group 10. Configure HSRP on R1's GigabitEthernet0/0 to become the active router (priority 150, preempt enabled, virtual IP 192.168.1.254). Ensure that if R1's GigabitEthernet0/1 WAN interface goes down, its HSRP priority decrements by 30 so that R2 can take over. Also, correct any existing misconfiguration in the HSRP setup.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 description LAN to VLAN 100
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 standby 10 ip 192.168.1.254
 standby 10 priority 100
 standby 10 preempt
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 description WAN to ISP
 ip address 203.0.113.1 255.255.255.252
!

R1# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       10   100   Active  local           192.168.1.2     192.168.1.254
Gi0/0       10   100   Active  192.168.1.2     local           192.168.1.254
(Note: Two lines for group 10 indicate both routers consider themselves Active.)

Question 297hardScenario

You are connected to R1. The network requires HSRP for default gateway redundancy on subnet 192.168.1.0/24. R2 should be the active router, and R1 the standby. Currently, both routers show as active. Configure R1 with priority 90, enable preempt, ensure the virtual IP is 192.168.1.254, and configure tracking of interface GigabitEthernet0/1 (subnet 203.0.113.0/30) so that if R1's tracked interface goes down, its priority decreases by 20. Verify the final state with 'show standby brief'.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 standby version 2
 standby 1 ip 192.168.1.254
 standby 1 priority 100
 standby 1 preempt
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 203.0.113.1 255.255.255.252
 no shutdown
!

R1# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       1    100   Active  local           192.168.1.2     192.168.1.254

R2# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       1    100   Active  192.168.1.1     local           192.168.1.254

Question 298hardScenario

You are connected to R1, which is part of an HSRP group with R2. The current configuration has both routers active for the same virtual IP, causing instability. Configure R1 with a higher priority, enable preempt, and set the virtual IP to 192.168.1.1. Also, configure interface tracking so that if R1's G0/1 goes down, its priority decreases by 15. Verify with 'show standby brief'.

Exhibit

R1#show running-config | section interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
 standby version 2
 standby 1 ip 192.168.1.254
 standby 1 priority 100
 standby 1 preempt
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
!
R1#show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       1    100   Active  local           192.168.1.3     192.168.1.254
R2#show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Gi0/0       1    100   Active  192.168.1.2     local           192.168.1.254

Question 299hardScenario

You are connected to R1, a multilayer switch acting as an HSRP active gateway for VLAN 100. The network requires R1 to be the active router with a virtual IP of 192.168.100.1. Currently, both R1 and the peer router R2 show as active in 'show standby brief', and the virtual IP is misconfigured. Configure HSRP on R1 to fix these issues: set priority to 110, enable preempt, correct the virtual IP, and track interface GigabitEthernet0/1 (decrement priority by 20 if it goes down).

Exhibit

Current relevant configuration and output on R1:

R1# show running-config | section interface Vlan100
interface Vlan100
 ip address 192.168.100.10 255.255.255.0
 standby version 2
 standby 100 ip 192.168.100.254
 standby 100 priority 100
 no standby preempt
!

R1# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Vl100       100  100   Active  local           192.168.100.11  192.168.100.254

R1# show ip interface brief | include GigabitEthernet0/1
GigabitEthernet0/1  10.0.0.1       YES manual up                    up

Question 300hardScenario

You are troubleshooting connectivity from R1 to the 203.0.113.0/24 network. R1 is a multilayer switch running routed ports. Currently, R1 has two paths to reach that network: one via R2 (192.0.2.2) and one via R3 (198.51.100.2). The path via R2 is preferred, but after a link failure between R1 and R2, traffic should automatically fail over to the R3 path. However, after the failure, traffic is still being sent to R2. Examine the routing table and configuration, then fix the issue so that the floating static route takes over correctly when the primary route is lost.

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     192.0.2.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.0.2.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0/1
L       192.0.2.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0/1
     198.51.100.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       198.51.100.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0/2
L       198.51.100.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0/2
S       203.0.113.0/24 [1/0] via 192.0.2.2
S       203.0.113.0/24 [200/0] via 198.51.100.2

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.2
ip route 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0 198.51.100.2

R1# show ip interface brief
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
GigabitEthernet1/0/1   192.0.2.1       YES manual up                    up
GigabitEthernet1/0/2   198.51.100.1    YES manual up                    up

(Simulate that after failure, show ip interface brief shows Gi1/0/1 down/down, but show ip route still shows the static route via 192.0.2.2 as the best route.)

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     198.51.100.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       198.51.100.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0/2
L       198.51.100.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0/2
S       203.0.113.0/24 [1/0] via 192.0.2.2
S       203.0.113.0/24 [200/0] via 198.51.100.2

(Note: The connected route for 192.0.2.0/30 is missing, but the static route via 192.0.2.2 remains with AD 1, blocking the floating static from being installed.)

Question 301hardScenario

You are connected to R1. Configure R1 so that it uses a floating static route to reach the 203.0.113.0/24 network via R2 only when the primary route (learned via EIGRP) fails. The primary route has an administrative distance of 90. Currently, R1 has no route to 203.0.113.0/24 because EIGRP is down on the direct link. Ensure the floating static route is installed and used.

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       10.0.0.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       10.0.0.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
     192.0.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 1 subnets, 1 mask
C       192.0.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

R1# show run | section ip route
! No static routes configured

R1# show ip eigrp neighbors
% EIGRP is not enabled on any interfaces

Question 302hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. The network currently uses EIGRP as its IGP, but you recently configured a static default route toward R2 (next-hop 203.0.113.2) to reach the Internet. However, traffic from R1 to the Internet is not taking the expected path. Examine the provided routing table and partial configuration, then fix the issue so that the static default route is used only when the EIGRP-learned default route is unavailable.

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 10.0.0.2 to network 0.0.0.0

D*    0.0.0.0/0 [90/3072] via 10.0.0.2, 00:12:34, GigabitEthernet0/0
S*    0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 203.0.113.2
      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.0.0.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.0.0.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.2 10
!
router eigrp 100
 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3
 redistribute static metric 10000 100 255 1 1500
!

R1# show ip eigrp topology
P 0.0.0.0/0, 1 successors, FD is 3072
         via 10.0.0.2 (3072/2816), GigabitEthernet0/0

Question 303hardScenario

You are connected to R1. The network currently uses a static default route pointing to ISP1 (198.51.100.1) via GigabitEthernet0/0. However, the backup link to ISP2 (203.0.113.1) via Serial0/0/0 has a floating static default route with an administrative distance of 130. The backup route is not taking over when the primary link fails. Configure the floating static route correctly so that it becomes active when the primary route is lost, and verify that the routing table shows the backup default route with the appropriate next-hop.

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | include ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.51.100.1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.1 130

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 198.51.100.1 to network 0.0.0.0

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 198.51.100.1, GigabitEthernet0/0

R1# ping 8.8.8.8 source GigabitEthernet0/0
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5)

R1# conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)# interface GigabitEthernet0/0
R1(config-if)# shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to administratively down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to down
R1(config-if)# end
R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 198.51.100.1 to network 0.0.0.0

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 198.51.100.1, GigabitEthernet0/0

R1# show ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 longer-prefixes
% Subnet not in table

R1# show ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
Routing entry for 0.0.0.0/0, supernet
  Known via "static", distance 1, metric 0 (connected)
  Last update from 198.51.100.1 on GigabitEthernet0/0
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 198.51.100.1, via GigabitEthernet0/0
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1

Question 304hardScenario

You are troubleshooting a network connectivity issue on R1. The network 192.168.10.0/24 behind R2 must be reachable from R1 via the primary path through R2 (192.0.2.2). A backup path via R3 (198.51.100.2) should automatically take over if the primary fails. Currently, traffic to 192.168.10.0/24 is incorrectly using the backup path even though the primary path is operational. Analyze the routing table and configuration, then fix the issue so that the primary path is preferred when available.

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

      192.0.2.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        192.0.2.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
      198.51.100.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        198.51.100.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
      192.168.10.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S        192.168.10.0/24 [1/0] via 198.51.100.2

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 198.51.100.2
ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.2 200

Question 305hardScenario

You are troubleshooting connectivity from R1 to the 172.16.20.0/24 network. The network engineer configured a floating static route on R1 as a backup for the OSPF-learned route, but after the primary OSPF route fails, the backup does not take over. Examine the current routing table and partial configuration on R1, then fix the issue so that when the OSPF neighbor goes down, R1 can still reach 172.16.20.0/24 via R3.

Exhibit

R1# show ip route 172.16.20.0
Routing entry for 172.16.20.0/24
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 20
  Last update from 10.0.0.2 on GigabitEthernet0/0, 00:02:15 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.0.0.2, from 10.0.0.2, 00:02:15 ago, via GigabitEthernet0/0
      Route metric is 20, traffic share count is 1

R1# show ip route static | include 172.16.20.0
S   172.16.20.0/24 [130/0] via 203.0.113.2

R1# show running-config | include ip route
ip route 172.16.20.0 255.255.255.0 203.0.113.2 130

Question 306mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 has two upstream paths to the Internet: a primary via ISP1 (G0/0 10.1.1.1/30) and a backup via ISP2 (G0/1 10.2.2.1/30). The backup path should only be used when the primary fails. The default route to ISP1 has been configured, but you must now configure a floating static default route to ISP2 with an administrative distance of 200.

Question 307mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 is connected to three routers (R2, R3, R4) over Ethernet links, all in OSPF area 0. Due to network topology, R1 should not become the Designated Router (DR) or Backup Designated Router (BDR) on any of its interfaces. You need to configure R1's OSPF priority appropriately to ensure it never participates in DR/BDR elections.

Question 308mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 and R2 are configured with EIGRP AS 100. R1's loopback0 (1.1.1.1/32) should be advertised into EIGRP. However, after configuration, R2 does not have a route to 1.1.1.1/32. You need to verify the EIGRP configuration on R1 and R2 to determine why the route is missing. Use show commands to identify the issue.

Question 309mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 is a new router connecting two subnets: 192.168.1.0/24 on G0/0 and 192.168.2.0/24 on G0/1. You need to configure IPv6 static routes so that hosts on these subnets can reach the IPv6 Internet via R2 (2001:db8:1::2). R1's G0/0 has IPv6 address 2001:db8:1::1/64, and R2 is the next-hop. Also configure a default IPv6 route toward R2.

Question 310hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. R1 is a newly deployed router that connects two subnets: 192.168.1.0/24 on GigabitEthernet0/0 and 192.168.2.0/24 on GigabitEthernet0/1. There is a default route to the Internet via ISP router at 203.0.113.1, but the network policy requires that traffic from 192.168.1.0/24 to the Internet must exit via a different next-hop 203.0.113.2. You need to implement policy-based routing on R1 to forward traffic from source 192.168.1.0/24 to 203.0.113.2, while all other traffic uses the default route via 203.0.113.1.

Question 311mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 connects three subnets: 10.0.1.0/24 (area 0), 10.0.2.0/24 (area 0), and 10.0.3.0/24 (area 0). The serial link to R2 uses IP subnet 10.0.0.0/30 and is in OSPF area 1. The network administrator wants to advertise a single summary route for these three subnets to R2, reducing the OSPF link-state database size in area 1. R1 is already running OSPF with network statements for its connected subnets in their respective areas. You need to configure route summarization on R1 so that only the summary route is advertised to R2 via the serial link.

Question 312mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 is a router that has two paths to the Internet: one via ISP1 with next-hop 203.0.113.1, and a backup via ISP2 with next-hop 203.0.113.2. The primary path should be via ISP1, but if it fails, traffic should automatically use ISP2. Currently, R1 has a static default route to ISP1 only. You need to configure a floating static route to ISP2 with an administrative distance of 150 to provide backup connectivity. Additionally, you must ensure that the backup route is only used when the primary route is not available.

Question 313mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 is connected to R2 via GigabitEthernet0/0 (10.0.0.1/30) and to R3 via GigabitEthernet0/1 (10.0.0.5/30). R1 has a management subnet 192.168.1.0/24 connected to GigabitEthernet0/2. The network administrator wants to ensure that traffic from the management subnet to the Internet (203.0.113.0/24) uses R2 as the primary path and R3 as a backup. Currently, OSPF is running with default metrics. You must configure a floating static route that will be used only if the OSPF route fails.

Question 314mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 has three directly connected subnets: 192.168.1.0/24 (G0/0), 192.168.2.0/24 (G0/1), and 192.168.3.0/24 (G0/2). You need to configure a summary route to be advertised to a neighbor via a static route pointing to Null0 to prevent routing loops. The summary should cover all three subnets.

Question 315hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 and R2 are connected via two serial links: Serial0/0/0 (10.0.0.1/30) and Serial0/0/1 (10.0.0.5/30). OSPF is configured on both links. However, the OSPF neighbor adjacency is stuck in EXSTART/EXCHANGE state. You suspect a mismatch in OSPF parameters. You need to identify and fix the issue.

Question 316mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 is connected to R2 via GigabitEthernet0/0 and to R3 via GigabitEthernet0/1. OSPF has been configured, but R1 is not forming a full adjacency with R2. You run `show ip ospf neighbor` on R1 and see R2 stuck in EXSTART state. You also run `show ip ospf interface GigabitEthernet0/0` and see the network type is broadcast. You need to identify and resolve the issue.

Question 317mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 has two paths to the Internet: primary via ISP1 (G0/0) and backup via ISP2 (G0/1). The primary route has an administrative distance of 1, and the backup should only be used if the primary fails. Currently, both routes are active. You need to configure a floating static route for the backup.

Question 318hardScenario

You are connected to R1 via console. R1 and R2 are connected via a serial link. OSPFv2 has been configured, but the adjacency is stuck in EXSTART state. You suspect a mismatched MTU. On R1, the interface MTU is currently set to 1400, while R2 uses the default MTU of 1500. You need to verify and fix the issue.

Question 319mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. R1 is a new router that connects to three subnets: 192.168.1.0/24 (connected to GigabitEthernet0/0), 192.168.2.0/24 (connected to GigabitEthernet0/1), and 192.168.3.0/24 (connected to GigabitEthernet0/2). R1 must be able to ping the loopback0 interface of R2 (192.168.100.1/32) which is reachable via R2's Serial0/0/0 interface (10.0.0.2/30). The link between R1 and R2 is 10.0.0.0/30, with R1's interface being 10.0.0.1/30. No dynamic routing protocols are configured. Configure R1 to reach the loopback address of R2 using a host-specific static route (not a default route).

Question 320mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. R1 and R2 are configured with EIGRP AS 100. R1 has two paths to the 172.16.1.0/24 network: one via a FastEthernet link to R2 (bandwidth 100 Mbps, delay 100 microseconds) and another via a serial link to R2 (bandwidth 1.544 Mbps, delay 20000 microseconds). The EIGRP metric is calculated using the default K-values. The FastEthernet link is preferred, but you need to make the serial link the backup by adjusting the administrative distance.

Question 321mediumScenario

You are connected to R1 via the console. R1 and R2 are running OSPFv2 in area 0. R1's router ID is 1.1.1.1, and R2's router ID is 2.2.2.2. Both routers are connected via GigabitEthernet0/0 on the 192.168.12.0/30 subnet. You need to ensure that R1 does not send OSPF hello messages out of its Loopback0 interface, while still advertising the loopback network into OSPF.

Question 322mediummulti select

Which three options accurately describe characteristics of OSPFv2 in a single area? (Choose three.)

Question 323mediummulti select

Which three statements about the routing table and route selection are correct? (Choose three.)

Question 324mediummulti select

Which three of the following are valid features of Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)? (Choose three.)

Question 325mediummulti select

Which three statements about IPv6 routing are correct? (Choose three.)

Question 326mediummulti select

Which three of the following are true regarding the forwarding decision process in a router? (Choose three.)

Question 327mediummulti select

Which four of the following statements about IPv4 static routing are true? (Choose all that apply. There are four correct answers.)

Question 328mediummulti select

Which three of the following statements about distance vector routing protocols (e.g., RIP, EIGRP) are correct? (Choose all that apply. There are three correct answers.)

Question 329mediummulti select

Which three of the following are characteristics of a distance-vector routing protocol? (Choose three.)

Question 330mediummulti select

Which three of the following statements about the routing table lookup process on a Cisco router are true? (Choose three.)

Question 331hardmultiple choice

Two directly connected routers, R1 and R2, are configured with single-area OSPF in Area 0. The administrator notices that they are not forming a full OSPF neighbor adjacency. The exhibit displays relevant portions of the running configurations. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 passive-interface default
R1# show running-config interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
 no shutdown
R2# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R2# show running-config interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
 no shutdown

Question 332hardmultiple choice

A network engineer configures a primary default route via Gi0/0 (next-hop 192.168.12.2) and a floating static default route via Gi0/1 (next-hop 192.168.12.6) with AD 200. To test failover, the engineer issues the shutdown command on Gi0/0. After this, the router does not have a default route in the routing table. Which problem explains this behavior?

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | include ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.12.2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.12.6 200

R1# show ip interface brief
Interface               IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0      192.168.12.1    YES manual administratively down down
GigabitEthernet0/1      192.168.12.5    YES manual administratively down down
GigabitEthernet0/2      unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Question 333hardmultiple choice

Two routers, R1 and R2, have been configured with HSRP for VLAN 10 to provide default gateway redundancy to hosts. The virtual IP address is 192.168.10.1. After configuration, end hosts report inconsistent connectivity to the gateway, and a failover test reveals that when the active router is shut down, connectivity is lost. The network administrator checks the HSRP status on both routers. Based on the output shown, what is the most likely cause of the redundancy failure?

Exhibit

R1# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Vlan10      10   110   Active  local           192.168.10.2    192.168.10.1

R2# show standby brief
                     P indicates configured to preempt.
                     |
Interface   Grp  Pri P State   Active          Standby         Virtual IP
Vlan10      20   100   Active  local           unknown         192.168.10.1

Question 334hardmultiple choice

A network administrator configures OSPF on two routers, R1 and R2, connected via their Serial0/0/0 interfaces (IP addresses 10.1.1.1/30 and 10.1.1.2/30). They verify that both routers use the same OSPF process ID and area 0, but R1's 'show ip ospf neighbor' shows no adjacencies. Given the partial exhibit from R1, what is the most likely cause of the adjacency failure and its correct solution?

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section router ospf
router ospf 1
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface GigabitEthernet0/0
R1# show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
(no output)
R1# show ip ospf interface brief
Interface    PID   Area            IP Address/Mask    Cost  State Nbrs F/C
Se0/0/0      1     0               10.1.1.1/30        64    P2P   0/0
Gi0/0        1     0               192.168.1.1/24     1     DR    0/0

Question 335hardmultiple choice

An administrator configured a floating static default route on R1 as a backup to reach 10.10.10.0/24. The primary path is learned via OSPF, and the floating static route uses an administrative distance of 130. After the primary OSPF neighbor fails, traffic to 10.10.10.0/24 is dropped. According to the exhibit, why is the backup default route not being used?

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | include ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial0/0/0 130
R1# show ip interface brief
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0     192.168.1.1     YES manual up                    up
Serial0/0/0            10.1.1.1        YES manual up                    down
Serial0/0/1            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Question 336mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure and verify OSPFv3 neighbor adjacency using link-local addresses in area 0.

Question 337mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure and verify HSRP with priority and preemption on an interface.

Question 338mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to determine the best route to a destination using a routing table.

Question 339mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure an IPv4 default static route with a floating backup route on a Cisco router.

Question 340mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure single‑area OSPFv2 on a router, advertise the 192.168.10.0/24 and 10.0.0.0/24 networks in area 0, and set the GigabitEthernet0/0 interface as passive.

Question 341mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure and verify HSRP on a router interface.

Question 342mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco router and verify basic neighbor relationships.

Question 343mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure and verify a floating IPv4 static route as a backup path.

Question 344mediummulti select

Which TWO statements about IPv4 and IPv6 static routes, including floating static routes, are correct?

Question 345mediummulti select

Which TWO statements are true about OSPFv2 neighbor adjacency, network statements, and passive interfaces?

Question 346mediummulti select

A router learns a route to 172.16.0.0/16 via OSPF (administrative distance 110) and a route to 172.16.10.0/24 via EIGRP (administrative distance 90). No other overlapping routes exist. Which TWO statements about how the router handles these routes are correct?

Question 347hardmultiple choice

An enterprise network uses an IPv6 dual-stack design. Router R1 has a primary default route ::/0 via 2001:db8:1::1 with AD 1 and a floating default route with AD 10 via link-local address fe80::2. After the primary link fails, the floating route fails to install, and R1 loses all external connectivity. The administrator confirms the backup interface is up/up.

Question 348hardmultiple choice

An administrator has just configured OSPF in a single area between router R1 and router R2, which are directly connected via their Gi0/0 interfaces with IP addresses 10.0.0.1/30 and 10.0.0.2/30. On R1, the command show ip ospf neighbor shows no entries, and a further check on R2 with show ip ospf interface gi0/0 indicates that the interface is passive. Which configuration error is most likely causing the adjacency failure?

Question 349hardmultiple choice

A network engineer notices that traffic from the router to server 192.168.10.5 is being sent over a slow backup link, even though the primary high-speed link is up. The routing table has an OSPF route for 192.168.10.0/24 via the primary link and a static host route to 192.168.10.5/32 via the backup link. Why is the backup link used for traffic to the server?

Question 350hardmultiple choice

A network administrator has configured HSRP between RouterA and RouterB for VLAN 10. End hosts using the virtual IP 192.168.1.1 as their default gateway experience intermittent connectivity losses, and pings to 192.168.1.1 often fail. The output of 'show standby brief' on both routers shows the state as Active. What is the most likely cause?

Question 351mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure a primary default static route and a floating default static route on a Cisco router.

Question 352mediumdrag order

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure Router R1 with OSPFv2 process 1 to form neighbor adjacencies only on GigabitEthernet0/1 while preventing OSPF hello packets on all other OSPF-enabled interfaces.

Question 353mediummulti select

Which TWO statements about floating static routes and default routes are correct?

Question 354hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is troubleshooting an OSPF adjacency issue between R1 and R2. The output of the show ip ospf neighbor command on R1 shows the neighbor relationship with R2 stuck in the EXSTART/DROTHER state. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
10.0.0.2         1   EXSTART/DROTHER  00:00:35    10.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet0/0
10.0.1.2         1   FULL/DROTHER     00:00:38    10.0.1.2        GigabitEthernet0/1
192.168.1.1      1   FULL/DR          00:00:37    192.168.1.1     GigabitEthernet0/2

Question 355hardmultiple choice

A technician is troubleshooting an OSPF adjacency problem: R1 and R2 are not forming a neighbor relationship. R1's OSPF configuration includes the command 'network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0'. R2's GigabitEthernet0/0 is configured with IP address 10.1.1.1/30 and is participating in OSPF area 0. The engineer verifies that physical connectivity is fine and OSPF is enabled on R2. What is the most likely cause?

Question 356hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. A network technician is troubleshooting router R1, which cannot reach hosts on the internet. R1 is connected to an ISP router at 203.0.113.1. The exhibit shows the output of the show ip route command. What is the most likely cause of the issue?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
      192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L        192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
O        192.168.2.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.1.2, 00:05:03, GigabitEthernet0/1

Question 357hardmultiple choice

A network engineer notices that R1 is using the static route to 192.168.10.0/24 via next-hop 10.1.1.2 instead of the OSPF route via 10.2.2.2, even though the OSPF path has lower latency. What is the most likely cause?

Question 358hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is troubleshooting an OSPF adjacency on R1's GigabitEthernet0/0 interface connected directly to R2. R2 is powered on and shows correct OSPF configuration, but the adjacency is stuck in the INIT or DOWN state. Based on the output, what is the most likely cause of the failure?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf interface GigabitEthernet0/0

GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 192.168.1.1/24, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State PASSIVE, Priority 1
  No designated router on this network
  No backup designated router on this network
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 40
    No Hellos (Passive interface)
  Adjacent neighbor count is 0

Question 359hardmultiple choice

A network engineer configures a static route: ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2. The next hop 10.1.1.2 is reachable via OSPF. Later, the engineer notices that the route to 192.168.10.0/24 has disappeared from the routing table. What is the most likely cause?

Question 360hardmultiple choice

R1 loses its route to 192.168.20.0/24 whenever R2's GigabitEthernet0/0 interface flaps. The network engineer has configured a floating static route with an administrative distance of 200. The OSPF route has an AD of 110. After R2's G0/0 interface recovers, the floating static route appears in the routing table instead of the OSPF route. What should the technician do next?

Question 361hardmultiple choice

A network engineer configures OSPF on R1 and R2 over a point-to-point link. The interfaces are in the same OSPF area, with matching hello and dead timers, and are on the same IP subnet. However, the command show ip ospf neighbor on both routers shows no neighbors. A firewall sits between R1 and R2. What should the technician do next?

Question 362hardmultiple choice

A network engineer adds a loopback interface Lo0 with IP address 172.16.0.1/32 to router R1. After restarting the OSPF process, the OSPF router-ID changes from 10.1.1.1 to 172.16.0.1, and the neighbor relationship with R2 resets. What should the technician do next to prevent this disruption the next time a loopback is added?

Question 363hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer notices that traffic from R1 to the 10.1.0.0/16 network is taking a longer path than expected despite OSPF being the only routing protocol. The engineer examines the OSPF LSDB on R1 to investigate. Based on the output, what is the most likely cause of the suboptimal routing?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf database summary

            OSPF Router with ID (192.168.1.1) (Process ID 1)

                Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

  LS age: 312
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.1.0.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 10.1.1.1
  LS Seq Number: 8000000A
  Checksum: 0x1F3A
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /16
        MTID: 0         Metric: 1000

  LS age: 467
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.2.0.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 10.1.1.1
  LS Seq Number: 80000005
  Checksum: 0xA5C1
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /16
        MTID: 0         Metric: 10

  LS age: 285
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.3.0.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 10.1.1.1
  LS Seq Number: 80000007
  Checksum: 0x7F2B
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /16
        MTID: 0         Metric: 20

Question 364hardmultiple choice

A technician is troubleshooting an OSPF network. On a broadcast segment, R1 is the DR and R2 is the BDR. R1's interface GigabitEthernet0/0 is shut down for maintenance. The technician expects that R2 will assume the DR role, but instead a new DR election occurs and another router is elected DR. What is the most likely cause?

Question 365hardmultiple choice

After configuring a static discard route with the command 'ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Null0 254' on R1, a network engineer finds that traffic to destinations that are not in the routing table is still being forwarded out to the ISP instead of being dropped. What is the most likely cause?

Question 366hardmultiple choice

A network technician is troubleshooting a router-on-a-stick configuration. R1 has sub-interface G0/0.10 with encapsulation dot1q 10 and IP 192.168.10.1/24, and sub-interface G0/0.20 with encapsulation dot1q 20 and IP 192.168.20.1/24. Hosts in VLAN 10 cannot reach hosts in VLAN 20. The physical interface G0/0 is up and no shutdown. Both sub-interfaces show up/up. What should the technician do next?

Question 367hardmultiple choice

A technician configures OSPF on R1 using the command network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0. R1's GigabitEthernet0/0 interface has IP address 10.0.0.1/30 and is included in the OSPF process. The technician confirms the interface is not passive using the show ip ospf interface GigabitEthernet0/0 command. However, R2 is not forming an OSPF adjacency with R1. What should the technician do next?

Question 368hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer expects all traffic destined to the 10.10.10.0 network to be forwarded via 10.1.1.2. However, when testing connectivity to host 10.10.10.64, traffic is being sent to 10.2.2.2 instead. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
S        10.10.10.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2
S        10.10.10.0/26 [1/0] via 10.2.2.2
C        10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L        10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
C        10.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
L        10.2.2.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

Question 369hardmultiple choice

R1 cannot reach host 10.3.3.1 on R3. The technician checks routing: R1 has a route to 10.3.3.0/24 via next-hop 10.1.1.2 (R2). R2 has a route to 10.3.3.0/24 via next-hop 10.2.2.2 (R3). A ping from R1 to 10.3.3.1 times out. A ping from R2 to 10.3.3.1 succeeds. What should the technician do next?

Question 370hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is verifying OSPF routing on R1. All routers in the topology are expected to reside in OSPF area 0, and the network 172.16.0.0/16 should be advertised from R2 within the same area. The engineer issues the show ip route 172.16.0.0 command on R1 and sees the output in the exhibit. The engineer expected to see an intra-area route (O) instead of an inter-area route (O IA). What is the most likely cause of this discrepancy?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route 172.16.0.0
Routing entry for 172.16.0.0/16
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 20, type inter area
  Redistributing via ospf 1
  Last update from 10.1.1.2 on GigabitEthernet0/0, 00:02:15 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.1.1.2, from 10.2.2.2, 00:02:15 ago, via GigabitEthernet0/0
      Route metric is 20, traffic share count is 1

Question 371hardmultiple choice

A network engineer notices that an OSPF adjacency between R1 and R2 is flapping between FULL and DOWN state every 40 seconds. The dead interval on both routers is configured as 40 seconds. The hello interval on R1 is 10 seconds, and on R2 it is 30 seconds. What is the most likely cause?

Question 372hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is troubleshooting connectivity to server 10.10.10.130. The routing table contains both a static route and an OSPF route for overlapping prefixes. The engineer examines the specific routing entry for 10.10.10.130. Based on the output, why does the router choose the route via 10.1.1.2 instead of the OSPF route via 10.2.2.2 (for 10.10.10.0/24)?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route 10.10.10.130
Routing entry for 10.10.10.128/26
  Known via "static", distance 1, metric 0
  Redistributing via eigrp 100
  Advertised by eigrp 100 metric 10000 100 255 1 1500
  Last update from 10.1.1.2 on GigabitEthernet0/0, 00:16:45 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.1.1.2, from 10.1.1.2, 00:16:45 ago, via GigabitEthernet0/0
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      total delay is 10 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 100000 Kbit
      reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
      loading 1/255, Hops 0

Question 373hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is troubleshooting connectivity from a branch router R1 to the internet. A ping to 8.8.8.8 from R1 fails. The output of the show ip route command is shown. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is 203.0.113.1 to network 0.0.0.0

S*    0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 203.0.113.1
      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
      192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0.10
L        192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0.10

Question 374hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is troubleshooting why not all OSPF neighbors are fully adjacent on a multi-access broadcast segment. After issuing the show ip ospf neighbor command on R1, the output is displayed. What is the most likely cause of the 2WAY/DROTHER state for neighbor 172.16.1.1?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
10.1.1.1           1   FULL/DR        00:00:35    192.168.1.1     GigabitEthernet0/0
10.2.2.2           1   FULL/BDR       00:00:36    192.168.1.2     GigabitEthernet0/0
172.16.1.1         0   2WAY/DROTHER   00:00:38    192.168.1.3     GigabitEthernet0/0

Total number of neighbors: 3

Question 375hardmultiple choice

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is troubleshooting a missing route on R1. The router R3 is configured to advertise network 192.168.30.0/24 via OSPF, but the route is not present in the OSPF routing table of R1 when issuing the show ip route ospf command. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route ospf
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O        192.168.10.0/24 [110/2] via 10.1.1.2, 00:35:14, GigabitEthernet0/1
      192.168.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O        192.168.20.0/24 [110/2] via 10.1.1.2, 00:35:14, GigabitEthernet0/1
R1#

Question 376hardmultiple choice