Question 1mediummultiple choice
Full question →A router output shows this neighbor state:
Neighbor ID 10.1.1.1 State FULL/DR Address 192.168.12.1
What does the FULL/DR state indicate?
mediummultiple choiceObjective-mapped
A router output shows this neighbor state:
Neighbor ID 10.1.1.1 State FULL/DR Address 192.168.12.1
What does the FULL/DR state indicate?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Good practice is not just finding the correct option. The wrong answers often show the exact trap the exam wants you to fall into.
A
Distractor review
The local router is the DR and adjacency formation has failed
FULL indicates success, not failure, and the suffix refers to the neighbor listed in the table.
B
Best answer
The neighbor relationship is complete and the neighbor is the DR on that segment
Correct. The adjacency is complete, and that neighbor is acting as the DR.
C
Distractor review
The routers are exchanging only link-state requests
That describes an earlier stage, not FULL adjacency.
D
Distractor review
The neighbor has been learned through BGP redistribution
This output is native OSPF neighbor information, not redistributed BGP data.
Common exam trap
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
A frequent exam trap is assuming that the FULL state with /DR means the local router is the Designated Router or that adjacency has failed. In reality, FULL indicates a successful adjacency, and the /DR suffix refers to the neighbor’s role. Candidates often confuse the neighbor ID with the local router’s role, leading to incorrect answers. Another trap is thinking that exchanging only link-state requests corresponds to FULL state, but that actually occurs earlier in the adjacency process. Understanding the exact meaning of FULL and the DR role is essential to avoid these pitfalls.
Technical deep dive
How to think about this question
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state routing protocol that forms neighbor adjacencies to exchange routing information efficiently. The neighbor state FULL indicates that the routers have completed the OSPF adjacency process, meaning they have synchronized their link-state databases and can now fully exchange routing updates. The suffix /DR in the neighbor state output specifies that the neighbor router is the Designated Router (DR) on the multiaccess network segment, responsible for generating and distributing LSAs (Link State Advertisements) to reduce OSPF traffic and maintain network stability. The OSPF adjacency process involves several states: Down, Init, 2-Way, ExStart, Exchange, Loading, and finally Full. When the state reaches FULL, it confirms that the routers have exchanged all necessary database information and are fully adjacent. The DR election process selects one router as the DR to minimize flooding of LSAs on broadcast and multiaccess networks. Seeing FULL/DR means the local router has a fully formed adjacency with a neighbor that is acting as the DR, which is critical for efficient OSPF operation. A common exam trap is confusing the FULL state with adjacency failure or misinterpreting the /DR suffix as referring to the local router rather than the neighbor. In practice, the FULL state always indicates a successful adjacency, and the /DR suffix identifies the neighbor’s role, not the local router’s. Understanding this distinction helps avoid misreading OSPF neighbor outputs and ensures accurate interpretation of OSPF network topology and router roles.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- OSPF forms neighbor adjacencies through a series of states culminating in FULL, which indicates complete synchronization of link-state databases.
- The Designated Router (DR) is elected on multiaccess networks to reduce OSPF flooding by centralizing LSA distribution.
- The FULL/DR neighbor state means the local router has a fully formed adjacency with a neighbor acting as the DR on that segment.
- OSPF adjacency states progress from Down to Init, 2-Way, ExStart, Exchange, Loading, and finally Full, reflecting increasing synchronization.
- The /DR suffix in OSPF neighbor output identifies the neighbor’s role as Designated Router, not the local router’s role.
- A router only reaches FULL adjacency with neighbors that have successfully exchanged and acknowledged all link-state information.
- OSPF uses the DR to optimize routing updates on broadcast and multiaccess networks, preventing excessive LSA flooding.
- Misinterpreting the FULL state as failure or confusing the DR role assignment leads to common exam mistakes.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
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More questions from this exam
Keep practising from the same exam bank, or move into a focused topic page if this question exposed a weak area.
Question 1
A router learns the same prefix from both OSPF and EIGRP. Which route is installed by default?
Question 2
A router shows this output: R1#show ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 10.1.1.2 1 FULL/DR 00:00:34 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0 10.1.1.3 1 2WAY/DROTHER 00:00:39 192.168.12.3 GigabitEthernet0/0 Which statement is correct?
Question 3
What is the OSPF metric called?
Question 4
A non-root switch has two uplinks toward the root bridge. One path has a lower total STP cost than the other. What role will the lower-cost uplink have?
Question 5
A router interface applies this ACL inbound: 10 deny tcp any any eq 80 20 permit ip any any A user reports that web browsing to a server by IP address fails, but ping works. Which statement best explains the behavior?
Question 6
A router learns route 198.51.100.0/24 from OSPF with AD 110 and also has a static route to the same prefix configured with AD 150. Which route is installed?
FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this 200-301 question test?
OSPF forms neighbor adjacencies through a series of states culminating in FULL, which indicates complete synchronization of link-state databases.
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The neighbor relationship is complete and the neighbor is the DR on that segment — FULL means the OSPF adjacency is fully formed. The /DR suffix indicates that the listed neighbor is the Designated Router for that multiaccess segment.
What should I do if I get this 200-301 question wrong?
Then try more questions from the same exam bank and focus on understanding why the wrong options are tempting.
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