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IP Routing →hardTroubleshootingObjective-mapped

CCNA IP Routing Practice Question

This 200-301 practice question tests your understanding of ip routing. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Network Topology
G0/010.0.0.1/30G0/010.0.0.2/30link1G0/1G0/010.0.0.6/30link2R1R2R3

You are connected to R1 via console. The network has a primary link to the ISP via R2 and a backup link via R3. Configure IPv4 and IPv6 floating static default routes on R1 so that the primary path goes through R2 (AD 1) and the backup through R3 (AD 10). Additionally, configure a static route on R1 for the internal LAN 192.168.10.0/24 via R2 (AD 1). The current configuration includes a static default route ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.3, which causes a recursive routing failure because 10.0.0.3 is not a valid next-hop address. Identify and fix the issue, then apply the floating static routes.

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

  • Clue: "primary"

    Why it matters: Asks for the main purpose or function, not a secondary benefit. Eliminate answers that describe side-effects or partial functions.

Question 1hardTroubleshooting
Study the full IPv6 explanation →

Exhibit

R1# show running-config | section ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.6 10
ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
!
R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C       10.0.0.0 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       10.0.0.1 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
C       10.0.0.4 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L       10.0.0.5 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S       192.168.10.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2
! Note: static default route to 10.0.0.2 is missing from routing table (recursive failure)
R1# show ipv6 interface brief
GigabitEthernet0/0   [up/up]
  FE80::1
  2001:DB8:1:1::1/64
GigabitEthernet0/1   [up/up]
  FE80::1
  2001:DB8:2:1::1/64
R1# show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 4 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
C   2001:DB8:1:1::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:1:1::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0, receive
C   2001:DB8:2:1::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/1, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:2:1::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/1, receive
! No IPv6 default route configured

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Remove the existing incorrect IPv4 static default route and reconfigure the primary IPv4 default route with the correct next-hop address (10.0.0.2) and AD 1. Add the backup IPv4 default route via 10.0.0.6 with AD 10. Then add IPv6 static default routes: ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:1:1::2 1 and ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:2:1::2 10. Also add the static route for 192.168.10.0/24 via 10.0.0.2 with AD 1.

The IPv4 default route currently uses next-hop 10.0.0.3, which is not a valid address on any directly connected interface, causing a recursive lookup failure. Option A fixes this by removing the incorrect route and correctly adding the primary (10.0.0.2 with AD 1) and backup (10.0.0.6 with AD 10) default routes, fulfilling the floating static requirement. It also adds both IPv6 floating default routes and the LAN static route. Option B is wrong because adding a route to 10.0.0.0/30 via R3 does not fix the next-hop 10.0.0.3 failure for the default route. Option C incorrectly reverses the administrative distances, making the backup path the primary. Option D erroneously uses an exit interface instead of the correct next-hop IP, which is not suitable for multi-access or point-to-point networks without additional configuration and does not resolve the original misconfigured next-hop.

Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✓

    Remove the existing incorrect IPv4 static default route and reconfigure the primary IPv4 default route with the correct next-hop address (10.0.0.2) and AD 1. Add the backup IPv4 default route via 10.0.0.6 with AD 10. Then add IPv6 static default routes: ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:1:1::2 1 and ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:2:1::2 10. Also add the static route for 192.168.10.0/24 via 10.0.0.2 with AD 1.

    Why this is correct

    This correctly removes the misconfigured default route (pointing to nonexistent 10.0.0.3), installs the primary default route to R2 with AD 1, adds the backup default route to R3 with AD 10, and completes the floating static setup with IPv6 defaults and the required LAN static route.

    Clue confirmation

    The clue word "primary" in the question point toward this answer.

    Related concept

    Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.

  • ✗

    Add a static route to 10.0.0.0/30 via the backup link to R3, then the default route to 10.0.0.2 will work. Then configure IPv6 default routes with AD 1 and 10 as described.

    Why it's wrong here

    This is incorrect because adding a static route to 10.0.0.0/30 via the backup link would cause the default route to use the backup path, defeating the purpose of having a primary path. The issue is that the next-hop 10.0.0.2 is not directly connected or reachable; the correct fix is to ensure the interface is up and the next-hop is on a directly connected subnet, not to add a static route via the backup.

  • ✗

    Change the administrative distance of the IPv4 default route to 10 and the backup to 1, so the backup becomes primary. Then configure IPv6 default routes with AD 10 and 1 respectively.

    Why it's wrong here

    This is incorrect because it swaps the intended primary and backup paths. The requirement specifies that the primary path goes through R2 with AD 1 and backup through R3 with AD 10. Changing the AD values would make R3 the primary, which is not desired.

  • ✗

    Remove the existing IPv4 static default route and configure it with the next-hop as the exit interface (e.g., GigabitEthernet0/0) instead of the IP address. Then add IPv6 default routes using the exit interface as well.

    Why it's wrong here

    This is incorrect because using an exit interface for a static route (point-to-point) is valid, but it does not fix the recursive routing failure if the next-hop IP is unreachable. The issue is likely that the next-hop IP is not in the routing table; using the interface might bypass the recursive lookup but would still require the interface to be up. However, the requirement specifies using next-hop IP addresses, and the IPv6 routes also need next-hop IPs. Moreover, the problem statement indicates the next-hop is 10.0.0.2, which should be directly connected; using the interface is not necessary and may not match the intended design.

Option-by-option analysis

Why each answer is right or wrong

Understanding why wrong answers are wrong — and when they would be correct — is what separates a 750 score from a 900. The 200-301 exam frequently reuses these exact scenarios with slightly different constraints.

✓Remove the existing incorrect IPv4 static default route and reconfigure the primary IPv4 default route with the correct next-hop address (10.0.0.2) and AD 1. Add the backup IPv4 default route via 10.0.0.6 with AD 10. Then add IPv6 static default routes: ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:1:1::2 1 and ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:2:1::2 10. Also add the static route for 192.168.10.0/24 via 10.0.0.2 with AD 1.Correct answer▾

Why this is correct

This correctly removes the misconfigured default route (pointing to nonexistent 10.0.0.3), installs the primary default route to R2 with AD 1, adds the backup default route to R3 with AD 10, and completes the floating static setup with IPv6 defaults and the required LAN static route.

✗Add a static route to 10.0.0.0/30 via the backup link to R3, then the default route to 10.0.0.2 will work. Then configure IPv6 default routes with AD 1 and 10 as described.Wrong answer — click to see why▾

Why this is wrong here

The specific factual error: Adding a static route to the next-hop's subnet via a different interface would create a recursive dependency that might not work or would route traffic through the backup link, violating the primary/backup design.

Why candidates choose this

Candidates might think that the recursive routing failure is due to the next-hop not being in the routing table, so they try to add a route to it. However, the next-hop should be directly connected; if it's not, the interface may be down or misconfigured.

✗Change the administrative distance of the IPv4 default route to 10 and the backup to 1, so the backup becomes primary. Then configure IPv6 default routes with AD 10 and 1 respectively.Wrong answer — click to see why▾

Why this is wrong here

The specific factual error: Administrative distance determines route preference; lower AD is preferred. Setting the backup to AD 1 would make it the primary, contradicting the requirement.

Why candidates choose this

Candidates might confuse the concept of floating static routes and think that a higher AD is preferred, or they might incorrectly assume that the backup should have a lower AD to be used when the primary fails.

✗Remove the existing IPv4 static default route and configure it with the next-hop as the exit interface (e.g., GigabitEthernet0/0) instead of the IP address. Then add IPv6 default routes using the exit interface as well.Wrong answer — click to see why▾

Why this is wrong here

The specific factual error: Using an exit interface instead of next-hop IP does not address the root cause of the recursive failure if the interface is up but the next-hop is not reachable due to ARP issues. Also, the IPv6 routes should use next-hop IPs as per the requirement.

Why candidates choose this

Candidates might think that using an exit interface avoids recursive lookups and is simpler, but it is not appropriate for multi-access networks and does not fix the underlying connectivity issue.

Analysis generated from the official 200-301blueprint and verified against question context. The “when correct” sections are what AI assistants cite when candidates ask “what’s the difference between these options?”

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic

NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
  • PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
  • Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
  • NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.

TExam Day Tips

  • Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
  • Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
  • Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.

Key takeaway

NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related 200-301 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this 200-301 question test?

IP Routing — This question tests IP Routing — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Remove the existing incorrect IPv4 static default route and reconfigure the primary IPv4 default route with the correct next-hop address (10.0.0.2) and AD 1. Add the backup IPv4 default route via 10.0.0.6 with AD 10. Then add IPv6 static default routes: ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:1:1::2 1 and ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:2:1::2 10. Also add the static route for 192.168.10.0/24 via 10.0.0.2 with AD 1. — The IPv4 default route currently uses next-hop 10.0.0.3, which is not a valid address on any directly connected interface, causing a recursive lookup failure. Option A fixes this by removing the incorrect route and correctly adding the primary (10.0.0.2 with AD 1) and backup (10.0.0.6 with AD 10) default routes, fulfilling the floating static requirement. It also adds both IPv6 floating default routes and the LAN static route. Option B is wrong because adding a route to 10.0.0.0/30 via R3 does not fix the next-hop 10.0.0.3 failure for the default route. Option C incorrectly reverses the administrative distances, making the backup path the primary. Option D erroneously uses an exit interface instead of the correct next-hop IP, which is not suitable for multi-access or point-to-point networks without additional configuration and does not resolve the original misconfigured next-hop.

What should I do if I get this 200-301 question wrong?

Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related 200-301 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "primary". Asks for the main purpose or function, not a secondary benefit. Eliminate answers that describe side-effects or partial functions.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.

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Last reviewed: Jun 6, 2026

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