Networking

A service provider is deploying MPLS L3VPN over an OSPF backbone. The PE routers are configured with OSPF as the IGP. The CE router of customer A is connected to two PEs for redundancy. Which configuration is required on the PE routers to ensure that the CE router can load-balance traffic across both PEs without loops?

An ISP is designing an MPLS core network and needs to choose an IGP that supports fast convergence. Which IGP meets this requirement and is most commonly used in MPLS core networks?

A network engineer is troubleshooting an MPLS L3VPN where the CE router is receiving the correct VPN prefixes from the PE, but traffic from the CE to those prefixes is being dropped. The PE has a default route pointing to the CE. What is the most likely cause?

A service provider is deploying segment routing in its MPLS core. Which label allocation method is used by segment routing to distribute prefix SIDs?

An engineer is configuring an MPLS L3VPN and needs to ensure that the PE router installs VPNv4 routes from a remote PE into the VRF of a customer. The remote PE sends a VPNv4 route with route-target 100:1. Which configuration on the local PE causes the route to be imported into the VRF?

Which TWO of the following are characteristics of MPLS-TE (Traffic Engineering)?

Which THREE are valid methods for label distribution in an MPLS network?

Based on the exhibit, which prefix is NOT reachable via MPLS forwarding?

Based on the exhibit, what is the purpose of the 'mpls ldp neighbor ... password cisco' commands?

A service provider is designing a Layer 2 MPLS VPN to connect multiple customer sites. Which technology should be used to provide end-to-end Ethernet service with MAC address transparency and support for multiple customer VLANs?

An engineer is troubleshooting a BGP peering issue between two routers. The peering is established, but routes are not being exchanged. On router R1, 'show bgp neighbors 192.0.2.2' shows the neighbor state as 'Established' but the 'Prefixes received' counter is zero. What is most likely the cause?

A service provider is deploying segment routing (SR) with MPLS data plane. The network uses OSPF as the IGP. Which configuration is required to enable SR-MPLS and ensure that routers advertise prefix-SIDs for their loopback interfaces?

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco ASR 9000 router for MPLS L3VPN. The PE receives customer routes via eBGP from the CE. Which command is required to redistribute these routes into the VPNv4 BGP table on the PE?

A customer reports intermittent packet loss on a MPLS L3VPN connection. The PE router shows 'show mpls forwarding' entries for the CE prefix, but ping from the PE to the CE fails intermittently. Which action should be taken to isolate the issue?

A service provider is deploying L3VPN with inter-AS option B (ASBR-to-ASBR). Which TWO statements are true about this design?

A network engineer is troubleshooting a BGP route selection issue on a router that receives the same prefix from two different peers. Which THREE BGP attributes are considered in the route selection process before the 'prefer the route with the lowest metric' step?

A service provider is deploying MPLS L3VPN to connect multiple customer sites. The PE router receives a route from a CE router via MP-BGP. Which attribute must the PE router add to the route before advertising it to the route reflector?

A network engineer is troubleshooting MPLS LSP connectivity. The MPLS LDP session is up on both endpoints, but some MPLS labels are missing in the LFIB. Which configuration change would most likely resolve the issue?

A network administrator is designing an MPLS TE tunnel for a service provider backbone. The goal is to provide bandwidth protection for voice traffic. Which MPLS TE feature should be configured?

Which TWO statements correctly describe the use of OSPF in a service provider network?

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer is troubleshooting an MPLS LDP session between two routers. The output shows that the LDP session is operational. However, MPLS labels are not being exchanged. What is the most likely cause?

A service provider is deploying a new MPLS core network. The network has four routers: P1, P2, PE1, and PE2. OSPF is used as the IGP. The engineer configures MPLS LDP on all interfaces. After enabling LDP, the engineer notices that the LDP session between P1 and P2 is established, but no labels are exchanged for the loopback0 interfaces of PE1 and PE2. The loopback0 addresses are advertised in OSPF. The engineer verifies that the OSPF routes are present in the routing table of all routers. What is the most likely reason for the missing labels?

Which TWO MPLS VPN features are used to provide Layer 3 VPN services in a service provider network?

You are a network engineer at a service provider. Your network uses MPLS L3VPN with OSPF as the IGP and LDP for label distribution. A customer has two sites connected to different PEs (PE1 and PE2) in the same VPN. The customer's CE routers are running eBGP with the PEs. Recently, the customer reports that traffic between the two sites is intermittently dropping. Upon investigation, you find that the BGP session between PE1 and the CE at site A goes down briefly every few minutes. The logs on PE1 show BGP notifications with error code 'Hold Timer Expired'. The CE router at site A is a low-end device with limited CPU. What is the most likely cause and the best course of action?

Drag and drop the steps to configure a VLAN on a Cisco switch into the correct order.

Drag and drop the steps to configure a Layer 3 interface on a Cisco switch (SVI) into the correct order.

Match each QoS mechanism to its primary function.

Match each service provider architecture term to its description.

A service provider is experiencing high CPU usage on a router running BGP. Which action should be taken first to mitigate the issue without disrupting traffic?

An engineer is designing an MPLS L3VPN for a customer with multiple sites. The customer requires overlapping IP addresses between sites. Which method allows the provider to support overlapping customer addresses?

During a network migration from EIGRP to OSPF, you notice that some routes are being redistributed incorrectly, causing routing loops. The OSPF domain uses area 0 and area 1. The EIGRP domain uses AS 100. Which configuration change would best prevent loops during the migration?

A client reports intermittent connectivity issues when accessing a server across a provider MPLS network. The issue occurs only during peak hours. Which component should be checked first?

An ISP is implementing BGP communities to influence routing behavior for their customers. They want to ensure that a customer's routes are not advertised to a specific transit provider. Which BGP community should be used?

A network engineer is troubleshooting an OSPF adjacency issue between two routers connected via a serial link. The routers are configured with point-to-point network type. The adjacency stays in EXSTART state. What is the most likely cause?

A service provider router receives a route with a higher specific prefix length than the same prefix in the routing table. Which route will be preferred?

In an MPLS network, a PE router receives a VPNv4 route from a route reflector. The route is not being installed in the VRF table. Which condition could cause this?

A service provider uses MP-BGP with IPv6 address family. They notice that routes redistributed from OSPFv3 are not being advertised to iBGP peers. The OSPF routes are internal. What is a likely reason?

Which TWO queuing mechanisms best meet the requirements for voice traffic (low latency and jitter) in a service provider network?

Which TWO statements about BGP route reflectors are true?

Which THREE actions can help mitigate the impact of BGP prefix flapping in a service provider network?

Refer to the exhibit. The VRF CUSTOMER is configured with route-target import 100:1. Why is this route not installed in the VRF table?

Refer to the exhibit. The router cannot form a full OSPF adjacency with 10.0.0.2. Which is the most likely cause?

Refer to the exhibit. What is the role of this router for prefix 10.0.1.0/24?

An engineer is troubleshooting MPLS LSP connectivity. The ingress PE router has the label binding for the FEC 10.1.1.0/24, but no LSP is established. Which command should be checked on the P routers to verify the LSP path?

A service provider is deploying segment routing in their MPLS core. They want to use an IGP as the control plane for label distribution without running LDP or RSVP-TE. Which IGP is best suited for this purpose?

Which technology should be used to provide per-flow load balancing across multiple equal-cost paths in an MPLS network while preserving packet order?

An engineer is configuring VPLS on a Cisco ASR 9000. After verifying the pseudowire status, they notice that the 'pw status' shows 'down' for one of the PWs. Which two conditions could cause this? (Choose two.)

In a VXLAN EVPN deployment, a host sends a broadcast ARP request. Which component in the fabric is responsible for replying on behalf of the target host to reduce flooding?

A service provider is running OSPF in their core network. After a link failure, routing convergence is taking longer than expected. The engineer suspects the issue is related to the SPF calculation. Which OSPF feature can reduce the SPF calculation time?

An engineer is troubleshooting a BGP route reflector setup. Clients are not receiving all routes. The 'show bgp neighbors' output shows a state of 'Active'. What is the most likely cause?

Which MPLS VPN technology allows a service provider to offer overlapping IP addresses to different customers while using a single routing table per VPN?

A network engineer needs to ensure that a specific customer's traffic is not adversely affected by other customers' traffic in a shared MPLS core. Which technology should be used?

Which statement about the use of MTU in an MPLS network is correct?

An ISP is designing a new core network using MPLS-TE. They require very fast failure detection for link and node failures to minimize traffic loss. Which two technologies should they combine? (Choose two.)

Which LISP feature allows a device to register its location to a mapping system so that another device can find it?

A service provider is troubleshooting BGP route selection between two eBGP peers. The router receives a prefix from Peer A with local preference 150 and AS path length 3. From Peer B, the same prefix has local preference 100 and AS path length 2. Which route will be preferred?

An MPLS-TE tunnel is configured with Fast Reroute using link protection. The primary path traverses links A-B and B-C. If link B-C fails, which action does the head-end router take?

Which OSPF neighbor state indicates that a router has received a hello packet from a neighbor but the neighbor's Router ID is not yet seen in its own hello packet?

In a Layer 3 MPLS VPN, a CE router is dual-homed to two different PE routers. The PE routers advertise the same prefix to the route reflector with different route targets. What ensures that only the best path is installed in the VRF?

During multicast troubleshooting, the command 'show ip mroute' shows that the RPF neighbor for a particular (S,G) entry is incorrect. What is the most likely cause?

Which QoS mechanism marks packets at the edge of the network to classify traffic into different service classes?

Segment Routing with TI-LFA (Topology Independent Loop-Free Alternate) provides fast convergence. Which statement accurately describes TI-LFA?

A service provider wants to influence inbound traffic from a customer AS. The customer AS is multi-homed to two provider ASes. Which BGP community is most effective to make the customer prefer a specific entry point?

Which routing protocol is used between CE and PE routers in a typical MPLS L3VPN deployment?

Which THREE BGP path attributes are considered during the best path selection process after local preference? (Choose three.)

Which TWO statements correctly describe differences between PIM dense mode and PIM sparse mode? (Choose two.)

A network engineer applies the above configuration on a PE router. The PE receives route 172.16.1.0/24 from eBGP peer 10.1.1.1. Which communities will be attached to this route?

Based on the exhibit, which statement about label allocation for prefix 10.1.1.0/24 is true?

Based on the exhibit, which OSPF network type is configured on this interface?

An engineer is troubleshooting MPLS forwarding. On a router, the 'show mpls forwarding-table' command displays that for a specific FEC, the outgoing label is 'Untagged'. What does this indicate?

A network operator wants to prefer a specific BGP route from a peer for a prefix. After applying a route-map to set local preference to 200, the route is still not preferred over a route from another peer with local preference 150. What could be the issue?

An engineer is deploying Segment Routing in an MPLS network. To ensure that routers can forward packets based on SR-MPLS labels without requiring LDP, which requirement must be met?

In a Layer 3 MPLS VPN, a customer site that is part of VRF RED is unable to communicate with another site that is also in VRF RED. The 'show ip bgp vpnv4 vrf RED' command shows the routes, but the router does not install them in the routing table. Which configuration element is most likely missing?

An engineer configures the 'set-overload-bit' command on an IS-IS router. What is the immediate effect on the network?

An engineer configures MPLS TE tunnels. After configuration, the tunnel remains down. The 'show mpls traffic-eng tunnels' output shows 'Tunnel is down - path computation failed'. What is the most likely cause?

A router is receiving a BGP prefix with community 100:100. The operator wants to modify the local preference to 200 for this prefix. Which configuration will achieve this?

An OSPF network uses point-to-point links. The engineer notices that LSAs are being flooded every 30 minutes even when no topology changes occur. What is the most likely reason?

An engineer is troubleshooting BGP convergence. The router has multiple paths for a prefix, but it selects a path with a lower local preference over a path with a higher local preference. The higher local preference path is from an EBGP peer. What could cause this?

Which TWO conditions must be met for a BGP route to be considered valid and used for forwarding?

Which THREE of the following are characteristics of Segment Routing (SR-MPLS) compared to traditional MPLS with LDP?

Which THREE are valid reasons for using the 'ipv6 unicast-routing' command on a Cisco router?

Refer to the exhibit. Which of the following is true about the BGP table?

Refer to the exhibit. Which statement is correct about the LDP bindings for prefix 10.0.0.0/24?

A service provider operates a large MPLS VPN network using OSPF as the IGP and LDP for label distribution. The PE routers (PE1, PE2, PE3) are connected to a core of P routers. Recently, a new link was added between P2 and P3. After the link came up, the engineering team noticed that several VPN routes that were previously reachable via PE2 are now being blackholed when traffic is sent from PE1 to those prefixes. The teams verify that the VPNv4 routes are present in the BGP table on PE1 with valid next-hops, but traffic fails. The traceroute from PE1 to the CE behind PE2 stops at P2. The show mpls forwarding-table on P2 shows the correct label for the VPN prefix, but the outgoing interface is null. Which action should the engineer take to resolve the issue without causing additional disruption?

A service provider wants to ensure that customer traffic is not impacted during a planned maintenance on a core LSR in an MPLS network. Which MPLS feature should be used?

A service provider's network is experiencing suboptimal routing for BGP prefixes received from a customer. The customer is multihomed to two different PE routers in the same AS. Which BGP feature can ensure that traffic ingresses via the correct PE?

A network engineer is troubleshooting OSPFv3 on a service provider's IPv6 network. The router shows that OSPFv3 adjacency never reaches FULL, says 'Init'. The neighbor is directly connected over a point-to-point link. What is the most likely cause?

A service provider is implementing MPLS L3VPN and needs to ensure that BGP route advertisement uses a specific next-hop. Which technique ensures BGP advertises the PE-CE next-hop instead of the PE-PE loopback?

When implementing MPLS TE tunnels in a service provider core, what is the purpose of the 'affinity' attribute?

Which TWO of the following are characteristics of MPLS LDP?

Which TWO BGP path attributes are considered before AS-path length in the default best-path selection process?

Which THREE of the following are required for successful operation of OSPFv3 in an IPv6 service provider network?

A service provider has recently deployed MPLS L3VPN to provide IP connectivity to multiple enterprise customers. One customer reports that they cannot reach a remote site that is connected to a different PE router. The engineer checks the BGP VPNv4 table on the customer's PE and sees the route for the remote site, but the next-hop is unreachable. The interface between the PE and P routers is up/up, and IGP reachability to the PE's loopback is fine. What is the most likely cause? Consider that the network uses LDP for label distribution and OSPF as the IGP.

A network engineer is troubleshooting a BGP convergence issue in a large service provider network. After a link failure in the core, BGP sessions between route reflectors take a long time to reconverge. The RRs are receiving updates from many clients. Which technology can be implemented to improve convergence time? The network currently uses standard BGP with default timers.

A service provider is migrating from OSPF to IS-IS in the core. During the migration, both protocols are running. Some prefixes are learned via both OSPF and IS-IS. The network uses BGP for external routes and MPLS for VPNs. The engineer notices that BGP routes are pointing to a next-hop that is reachable via OSPF but not via IS-IS, causing traffic to be dropped. What is the best course of action to ensure that during the migration, BGP uses only one IGP protocol?

A service provider's network uses MPLS TE with Fast Reroute (FRR) for link protection. After a fiber cut on a core link, the traffic is rerouted via a backup tunnel, but the backup tunnel's path suffers from high latency. The customer complains about poor voice quality. What can be done to avoid this scenario in future deployments?

A service provider is deploying multicast service for IPTV using PIM-SM with a single RP. During high traffic periods, the RP becomes overloaded. What is the most scalable solution to distribute the load across multiple RPs?

A service provider's network core runs IS-IS as the IGP. After adding a new router, some routers have incomplete LSP databases. The new router's interfaces are up, and IS-IS adjacency is up with neighbors. What is the cause? The network has a mix of interface MTUs, with some links having MTU 1500 and others 4470.

A network engineer is troubleshooting an OSPF adjacency failure between two directly connected routers, R1 and R2. Both routers are configured with the same OSPF process ID and area. The engineer verifies that the interfaces are up and IP connectivity exists. Which configuration mismatch is most likely causing the adjacency to fail?

An SP engineer is designing a BGP-based MPLS L3VPN service. The PE routers are fully meshed via iBGP for VPNv4 routes, and an RR is deployed to reduce sessions. The engineer notices that all PE routers are receiving duplicate routes from different PEs, causing suboptimal path selection. Which BGP feature should be enabled to ensure proper load balancing across multiple equal-cost paths?

Which TWO tasks are required when implementing segment routing in an MPLS network?

Based on the exhibit, what is preventing the BGP session from establishing?

A service provider is experiencing intermittent multicast issues in their core network. They use PIM-SM with a static RP at 10.1.1.1. The multicast traffic originates from a source connected to PE1 and is received by customers connected to PE2. Recently, after a firewall upgrade between the PE routers and the core, some multicast streams stopped working, while others continue. The network team notices that 'show ip mroute' on PE2 shows the (*, G) entry but not the (S, G) entry for the affected groups. The RP is reachable via OSPF. The firewall logs show no dropped packets for known multicast addresses. Which action should the engineer take to restore full multicast forwarding?

An SP engineer is configuring IS-IS on a router and specifies a NET address of 49.0001.1921.6800.1001.00. What does the '00' at the end represent?

In an OSPF network, an engineer wants to minimize the size of the routing table in a non-backbone area while still allowing the area to learn external routes from other ASs. Which OSPF area type should be configured?

An SP network uses MPLS to provide IPv6 connectivity over an IPv4 backbone using 6PE. Which BGP extension is required on the provider edge routers to exchange IPv6 prefixes with an IPv4 next-hop?

In IS-IS, which type of LSP is used to advertise prefix information for IPv4 and IPv6 in a modern SP network that supports traffic engineering?

An OSPF network is configured with RSVP-TE. Which OSPF extension is used to advertise TE link attributes such as bandwidth and administrative group?

In BGP route reflection, what is the purpose of the ORIGINATOR_ID attribute?

An SP is implementing IPv6 transition using MAP-T. Which encapsulation method does MAP-T use?

In IS-IS, which metric type supports traffic engineering (TE) and is required for segment routing?

Which BGP attribute influences inbound traffic to an AS by affecting the path selection of eBGP peers?

An SP is deploying IS-IS fast convergence. Which mechanism triggers an immediate SPF computation when a neighbor fails?

In a BGP confederation, which AS number is used in the AS_PATH to prevent loops within the confederation?

An SP engineer is designing an OSPF network and wants to reduce the number of LSAs in a stub area. Which TWO area types would block Type 5 LSAs but allow Type 3 LSAs? (Choose two.)

An SP is deploying IPv6 using 6VPE. Which THREE components are required? (Choose three.)

An engineer is configuring IS-IS in a service provider network. The network uses wide metrics for traffic engineering. Which TLV is mandatory for IS-IS to carry traffic engineering (TE) information in accordance with RFC 5305?

In an IS-IS network, a router has a NET of 49.0001.1921.6800.1001.00. What does the '00' at the end represent?

A service provider is deploying OSPFv3 for IPv6 in its core. The network uses multiple areas. Which LSA type is used by OSPFv3 to advertise prefix information for inter-area routes?

An ISP is implementing BGP PIC (Prefix Independent Convergence) for edge routers. Which BGP feature must be enabled to support PIC for core-facing failures?

Which BGP attribute is used to prefer a specific entry point into an AS when multiple ASBRs are advertising the same prefix to a neighboring AS?

Which OSPF network type elects a Designated Router (DR) and Backup Designated Router (BDR) to reduce the number of adjacencies on a multi-access segment?

An SP is designing an OSPF network with a totally stubby area to reduce the LSA database. Which LSA types are blocked by default in a totally stubby area?

In IS-IS, what is the result of configuring wide metrics on all interfaces?

A service provider is implementing 6VPE to provide IPv6 L3VPN services over an MPLS core. Which BGP address family must be configured on the PE routers to exchange IPv6 VPN routes?

In BGP, which attribute is used to prevent routing loops when route reflectors are deployed?

Which BGP attribute is locally significant and used to influence outbound traffic from an AS?

An SP is deploying IS-IS fast convergence using Partial Route Computation (PRC). Under which condition does PRC occur?

A service provider is designing an OSPF network for both IPv4 and IPv6. Which two features are supported by OSPFv3 but not by OSPFv2? (Choose two.)

Which three BGP attributes are considered in the route selection process before comparing MED? (Choose three.)

An ISP is implementing 6PE for IPv6 transport over MPLS. Which two conditions are required for 6PE to work? (Choose two.)

In IS-IS, which type of router is responsible for routing between different areas and also maintains a Level 1 Link State Database?

An SP network engineer configures IS-IS with wide metrics. Which statement is true about IS-IS wide metrics compared to narrow metrics?

A service provider uses OSPFv3 for IPv6 routing in the core. Which statement correctly describes OSPFv3 adjacency formation on a broadcast multiaccess network?

In BGP route selection, which attribute is considered before the MED when comparing routes from different ASes?

A service provider wants to provide IPv6 connectivity over an MPLS IPv4 core using 6PE. Which BGP extension is required on the provider edge routers?

In IS-IS, what is the purpose of the Partial Route Computation (PRC)?

Which OSPF area type does not allow external routes (Type 5 LSAs) but does allow inter-area routes and can have a default route injected?

A service provider deploys BGP route reflectors in the core. Which mechanism prevents routing loops within the route reflector cluster?

Which IS-IS TLV is used to carry IPv6 reachability information?

In OSPF Traffic Engineering (TE) extensions for RSVP-TE, which LSA type is used to carry TE information?

A service provider wants to use BGP Prefix Independent Convergence (PIC) for faster failover. Which BGP feature must be enabled to support PIC?

In BGP confederation, which attribute is used to prevent loops between sub-ASes?

Which three BGP attributes are considered before the MED in the BGP best path selection process?

An SP engineer configures IS-IS fast convergence mechanisms. Which three techniques help achieve sub-second convergence in IS-IS?

Which IS-IS level is used for routing within an area?

In OSPF, which type of area does not allow external routes and only accepts a default route?

In BGP route selection, which attribute is considered before LOCAL_PREF?

In IS-IS, which TLV is used to carry traffic engineering information for MPLS-TE?

A service provider wants to provide IPv6 connectivity over an existing MPLS IPv4 core using BGP extensions. Which technology should be used?

Which IS-IS metric type supports values up to 2^24-1 and is used for traffic engineering?

Which BGP mechanism can reduce the number of iBGP sessions in a large SP network while preventing routing loops?

In OSPFv3, which of the following is true about the protocol's operation?

A service provider is implementing Segment Routing in an IS-IS network. Which TLV is used to advertise the Segment Routing Global Block (SRGB)?

Which OSPF area type can import external routes as Type 7 LSAs?

A service provider is designing an OSPF network with multiple areas. Which two area types prevent Type 5 LSAs from being flooded? (Choose two.)

Which three BGP attributes are considered during the route selection process before comparing AS_PATH length? (Choose three.)

A service provider is deploying IPv6 transition mechanisms. Which three technologies use encapsulation over an IPv4 network? (Choose three.)

In IS-IS, which type of router is responsible for exchanging routing information between different areas?

An SP network is migrating from IS-IS narrow metrics to wide metrics. What is a key advantage of using wide metrics?

In OSPFv3 (for IPv6), which of the following statements is true regarding OSPFv3 packet format and authentication?

In BGP route selection, if two routes have the same weight, local preference, and are both locally originated, which attribute is considered next?

A service provider is implementing BGP PIC (Prefix Independent Convergence) for its core network. Which mechanism does BGP PIC primarily rely on to achieve fast convergence?

In IS-IS, what is the purpose of the NET (Network Entity Title) address field SEL (Selector) byte?

Which OSPF area type is most suitable for a service provider's customer-facing network where external routes are blocked, but internal routes (including inter-area) are allowed, and the area should not accept Type 5 LSAs?

In BGP, what is the purpose of the ORIGINATOR_ID attribute in a route reflector environment?

Which technology allows an IPv6-only customer edge router to connect to an MPLS provider edge router using IPv4 transport, encapsulating IPv6 packets in MPLS with a labeled IPv4 next-hop?

An engineer is configuring IS-IS fast convergence. Which mechanism provides sub-second failure detection independently of the routing protocol?

In OSPF TE extensions for RSVP-TE, which LSA type is used to carry TE information (such as link attributes) in OSPF?

Which BGP attribute is used to influence inbound traffic to a multi-homed AS by indicating the preferred entry point?

A service provider is designing an OSPF network with multiple areas. Which TWO area types allow external routes (Type 5 LSAs) to be injected into the area? (Choose two.)

Which TWO of the following are valid BGP extended community attributes? (Choose two.)

An engineer is configuring BGP route reflectors to scale iBGP. Which TWO attributes are used to prevent routing loops in a route reflector cluster? (Choose two.)

Which IS-IS router type maintains a full Layer 2 routing table of all areas and can act as a gateway between areas?

An SP engineer is designing an OSPF network with several remote sites that should not receive external routes but need to reach external destinations via a default route. Which OSPF area type best meets this requirement while also preventing Type 5 LSAs from entering?

In BGP, an SP router receives multiple routes to the same prefix. The first route has a weight of 100, LOCAL_PREF of 200, AS_PATH length 3, and is learned via eBGP. The second route has weight 50, LOCAL_PREF 150, AS_PATH length 2, and is learned via iBGP. According to BGP route selection, which route will be preferred?

Which IS-IS TLV is used to carry Traffic Engineering (TE) information such as link bandwidth and TE metric in modern SP networks?

A service provider is implementing 6PE to carry IPv6 traffic over an existing MPLS IPv4 core. Which BGP extension is required on the provider edge (PE) routers to exchange IPv6 prefixes with an IPv4 next-hop?

An SP network uses OSPF with RSVP-TE for traffic engineering. Which OSPF extension is required to advertise TE link parameters such as maximum reservable bandwidth?

In an IS-IS network, a service provider wants to achieve fast convergence using Partial Route Computation (PRC). Which of the following events triggers a PRC instead of a full SPF?

Which BGP attribute is used to indicate the preference of a route within an AS and is propagated to iBGP peers but not to eBGP peers by default?

An SP network is implementing BGP PIC (Prefix Independent Convergence) for fast failover. What is the primary mechanism used by BGP PIC to achieve sub-second convergence?

An SP is deploying NAT64 to allow IPv6-only clients to access IPv4 servers. Which address translation mechanism is used by NAT64 to map IPv6 addresses to IPv4 addresses?

In BGP confederation, how does the AS_PATH attribute handle the confederation sub-AS numbers to prevent loops?

A service provider is configuring BGP route reflectors to scale iBGP. Which two mechanisms are used to prevent routing loops in a route reflector environment? (Choose two.)

A service provider is implementing MAP-T (Mapping of Address and Port using Translation) to transition customers from IPv4 to IPv6. Which two characteristics of MAP-T are true? (Choose two.)

A service provider is migrating from OSPF to IS-IS in the core network. They need to support Traffic Engineering and Segment Routing. Which IS-IS TLV must be supported to carry TE information?

In an OSPF network, an engineer wants to reduce the size of the routing table and prevent external routes from being advertised into an area. Which area type should be configured?

A service provider uses BGP route reflectors to scale iBGP. A route reflected from a route reflector arrives at a client with the originator-id set. What is the purpose of the originator-id attribute?

An ISP is implementing 6PE to provide IPv6 connectivity over an MPLS network that only supports IPv4 in the core. In 6PE, how are IPv6 prefixes carried across the MPLS backbone?

In IS-IS, what is the purpose of the System ID portion of the NET address?

Which BGP attribute is used to influence inbound traffic to an AS by advertising a preferred path to a neighbor AS?

A service provider is deploying BGP PIC (Prefix Independent Convergence) for edge routers. What is the primary benefit of BGP PIC?

In OSPFv3, what change was introduced compared to OSPFv2 for supporting IPv6?

Which IS-IS metric type is required for traffic engineering and segment routing?

A service provider wants to enable fast convergence for OSPF networks. Which feature should be enabled to detect link failures in sub-second time?

In BGP route selection, when comparing two routes with the same LOCAL_PREF, which attribute is considered next?

An ISP is implementing MAP-T to transition to IPv6. Which of the following best describes MAP-T?

A service provider is designing an OSPF network for MPLS-TE. Which two OSPF LSA types are used to advertise Traffic Engineering information? (Choose two.)

Which three BGP communities are standardized and commonly used for inter-AS traffic engineering? (Choose three.)

An ISP is deploying BGP confederations to reduce iBGP mesh requirements. Which of the following statements about BGP confederations are true? (Choose two.)

What is the purpose of the SEL (NSAP Selector) field in an IS-IS NET address?

An SP engineer is troubleshooting IS-IS routing. The network uses wide metrics, and some links have been configured with TE metrics. Which statement correctly describes the relationship between TE metrics and narrow metrics in IS-IS?

In an OSPF network, an area is configured as a Not-So-Stubby Area (NSSA). Which statement about LSA types in this area is correct?

An SP uses OSPF with Traffic Engineering extensions to support RSVP-TE. Which LSA type is used to carry TE information in OSPF?

In IS-IS, a router is configured as L1 only. Which statement is true regarding its routing table?

Which BGP attribute is used to influence inbound traffic to an AS by indicating the preferred path into the AS?

A service provider is deploying BGP PIC (Prefix Independent Convergence) to improve convergence after a link failure. Which mechanism does BGP PIC leverage to achieve fast failover?

In OSPFv3, which statement correctly describes how OSPFv3 differs from OSPFv2 regarding router IDs and adjacencies?

Which BGP community is used to prevent a route from being advertised to any eBGP peers?

An SP is deploying 6VPE (IPv6 L3VPN). Which BGP extensions are used to carry IPv6 VPN prefixes?

Which TWO BGP attributes are considered during the best path selection process and can be used to influence outbound traffic from an AS? (Choose two.)

Which THREE of the following are valid IS-IS TLV types used to support traffic engineering and segment routing? (Choose three.)

A service provider is implementing BGP route reflectors to scale iBGP. Which THREE mechanisms are used to prevent routing loops in a route reflector topology? (Choose three.)

A service provider is deploying IS-IS with wide metrics to support traffic engineering. Which two statements about IS-IS wide metrics are correct?

An SP network is running OSPFv3 for IPv6 and needs to support traffic engineering extensions for RSVP-TE. Which three statements about OSPFv3 TE extensions are true?

An engineer is designing an iBGP route reflector topology to improve scalability. Which two statements about BGP route reflectors are correct?

An SP network is using IS-IS and wants to achieve fast convergence using BFD. Which two statements about BFD in IS-IS are correct?