Networking

A service provider is deploying MPLS L3VPN over an OSPF backbone. The PE routers are configured with OSPF as the IGP. The CE router of customer A is connected to two PEs for redundancy. Which configuration is required on the PE routers to ensure that the CE router can load-balance traffic across both PEs without loops?

An ISP is designing an MPLS core network and needs to choose an IGP that supports fast convergence. Which IGP meets this requirement and is most commonly used in MPLS core networks?

A network engineer is troubleshooting an MPLS L3VPN where the CE router is receiving the correct VPN prefixes from the PE, but traffic from the CE to those prefixes is being dropped. The PE has a default route pointing to the CE. What is the most likely cause?

A service provider is deploying segment routing in its MPLS core. Which label allocation method is used by segment routing to distribute prefix SIDs?

An engineer is configuring an MPLS L3VPN and needs to ensure that the PE router installs VPNv4 routes from a remote PE into the VRF of a customer. The remote PE sends a VPNv4 route with route-target 100:1. Which configuration on the local PE causes the route to be imported into the VRF?

Which TWO of the following are characteristics of MPLS-TE (Traffic Engineering)?

Which THREE are valid methods for label distribution in an MPLS network?

Based on the exhibit, which prefix is NOT reachable via MPLS forwarding?

Based on the exhibit, what is the purpose of the 'mpls ldp neighbor ... password cisco' commands?

A service provider is designing a Layer 2 MPLS VPN to connect multiple customer sites. Which technology should be used to provide end-to-end Ethernet service with MAC address transparency and support for multiple customer VLANs?

An engineer is troubleshooting a BGP peering issue between two routers. The peering is established, but routes are not being exchanged. On router R1, 'show bgp neighbors 192.0.2.2' shows the neighbor state as 'Established' but the 'Prefixes received' counter is zero. What is most likely the cause?

A service provider is deploying segment routing (SR) with MPLS data plane. The network uses OSPF as the IGP. Which configuration is required to enable SR-MPLS and ensure that routers advertise prefix-SIDs for their loopback interfaces?

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco ASR 9000 router for MPLS L3VPN. The PE receives customer routes via eBGP from the CE. Which command is required to redistribute these routes into the VPNv4 BGP table on the PE?

A customer reports intermittent packet loss on a MPLS L3VPN connection. The PE router shows 'show mpls forwarding' entries for the CE prefix, but ping from the PE to the CE fails intermittently. Which action should be taken to isolate the issue?

A service provider is deploying L3VPN with inter-AS option B (ASBR-to-ASBR). Which TWO statements are true about this design?

A network engineer is troubleshooting a BGP route selection issue on a router that receives the same prefix from two different peers. Which THREE BGP attributes are considered in the route selection process before the 'prefer the route with the lowest metric' step?

A service provider is deploying MPLS L3VPN to connect multiple customer sites. The PE router receives a route from a CE router via MP-BGP. Which attribute must the PE router add to the route before advertising it to the route reflector?

A network engineer is troubleshooting MPLS LSP connectivity. The MPLS LDP session is up on both endpoints, but some MPLS labels are missing in the LFIB. Which configuration change would most likely resolve the issue?

A network administrator is designing an MPLS TE tunnel for a service provider backbone. The goal is to provide bandwidth protection for voice traffic. Which MPLS TE feature should be configured?

Which TWO statements correctly describe the use of OSPF in a service provider network?

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer is troubleshooting an MPLS LDP session between two routers. The output shows that the LDP session is operational. However, MPLS labels are not being exchanged. What is the most likely cause?

A service provider is deploying a new MPLS core network. The network has four routers: P1, P2, PE1, and PE2. OSPF is used as the IGP. The engineer configures MPLS LDP on all interfaces. After enabling LDP, the engineer notices that the LDP session between P1 and P2 is established, but no labels are exchanged for the loopback0 interfaces of PE1 and PE2. The loopback0 addresses are advertised in OSPF. The engineer verifies that the OSPF routes are present in the routing table of all routers. What is the most likely reason for the missing labels?

Which TWO MPLS VPN features are used to provide Layer 3 VPN services in a service provider network?

You are a network engineer at a service provider. Your network uses MPLS L3VPN with OSPF as the IGP and LDP for label distribution. A customer has two sites connected to different PEs (PE1 and PE2) in the same VPN. The customer's CE routers are running eBGP with the PEs. Recently, the customer reports that traffic between the two sites is intermittently dropping. Upon investigation, you find that the BGP session between PE1 and the CE at site A goes down briefly every few minutes. The logs on PE1 show BGP notifications with error code 'Hold Timer Expired'. The CE router at site A is a low-end device with limited CPU. What is the most likely cause and the best course of action?

Drag and drop the steps to configure a VLAN on a Cisco switch into the correct order.

Drag and drop the steps to configure a Layer 3 interface on a Cisco switch (SVI) into the correct order.

Match each QoS mechanism to its primary function.

Match each service provider architecture term to its description.

A service provider is experiencing high CPU usage on a router running BGP. Which action should be taken first to mitigate the issue without disrupting traffic?

An engineer is designing an MPLS L3VPN for a customer with multiple sites. The customer requires overlapping IP addresses between sites. Which method allows the provider to support overlapping customer addresses?

During a network migration from EIGRP to OSPF, you notice that some routes are being redistributed incorrectly, causing routing loops. The OSPF domain uses area 0 and area 1. The EIGRP domain uses AS 100. Which configuration change would best prevent loops during the migration?

A client reports intermittent connectivity issues when accessing a server across a provider MPLS network. The issue occurs only during peak hours. Which component should be checked first?

An ISP is implementing BGP communities to influence routing behavior for their customers. They want to ensure that a customer's routes are not advertised to a specific transit provider. Which BGP community should be used?

A network engineer is troubleshooting an OSPF adjacency issue between two routers connected via a serial link. The routers are configured with point-to-point network type. The adjacency stays in EXSTART state. What is the most likely cause?

A service provider router receives a route with a higher specific prefix length than the same prefix in the routing table. Which route will be preferred?

In an MPLS network, a PE router receives a VPNv4 route from a route reflector. The route is not being installed in the VRF table. Which condition could cause this?

A service provider uses MP-BGP with IPv6 address family. They notice that routes redistributed from OSPFv3 are not being advertised to iBGP peers. The OSPF routes are internal. What is a likely reason?

Which TWO queuing mechanisms best meet the requirements for voice traffic (low latency and jitter) in a service provider network?

Which TWO statements about BGP route reflectors are true?

Which THREE actions can help mitigate the impact of BGP prefix flapping in a service provider network?

Refer to the exhibit. The VRF CUSTOMER is configured with route-target import 100:1. Why is this route not installed in the VRF table?

Refer to the exhibit. The router cannot form a full OSPF adjacency with 10.0.0.2. Which is the most likely cause?

Refer to the exhibit. What is the role of this router for prefix 10.0.1.0/24?

An engineer is troubleshooting MPLS LSP connectivity. The ingress PE router has the label binding for the FEC 10.1.1.0/24, but no LSP is established. Which command should be checked on the P routers to verify the LSP path?

A service provider is deploying segment routing in their MPLS core. They want to use an IGP as the control plane for label distribution without running LDP or RSVP-TE. Which IGP is best suited for this purpose?

Which technology should be used to provide per-flow load balancing across multiple equal-cost paths in an MPLS network while preserving packet order?

An engineer is configuring VPLS on a Cisco ASR 9000. After verifying the pseudowire status, they notice that the 'pw status' shows 'down' for one of the PWs. Which two conditions could cause this? (Choose two.)

In a VXLAN EVPN deployment, a host sends a broadcast ARP request. Which component in the fabric is responsible for replying on behalf of the target host to reduce flooding?

A service provider is running OSPF in their core network. After a link failure, routing convergence is taking longer than expected. The engineer suspects the issue is related to the SPF calculation. Which OSPF feature can reduce the SPF calculation time?

An engineer is troubleshooting a BGP route reflector setup. Clients are not receiving all routes. The 'show bgp neighbors' output shows a state of 'Active'. What is the most likely cause?

Which MPLS VPN technology allows a service provider to offer overlapping IP addresses to different customers while using a single routing table per VPN?

A network engineer needs to ensure that a specific customer's traffic is not adversely affected by other customers' traffic in a shared MPLS core. Which technology should be used?

Which statement about the use of MTU in an MPLS network is correct?

An ISP is designing a new core network using MPLS-TE. They require very fast failure detection for link and node failures to minimize traffic loss. Which two technologies should they combine? (Choose two.)

Which LISP feature allows a device to register its location to a mapping system so that another device can find it?

A service provider is troubleshooting BGP route selection between two eBGP peers. The router receives a prefix from Peer A with local preference 150 and AS path length 3. From Peer B, the same prefix has local preference 100 and AS path length 2. Which route will be preferred?

An MPLS-TE tunnel is configured with Fast Reroute using link protection. The primary path traverses links A-B and B-C. If link B-C fails, which action does the head-end router take?

Which OSPF neighbor state indicates that a router has received a hello packet from a neighbor but the neighbor's Router ID is not yet seen in its own hello packet?

In a Layer 3 MPLS VPN, a CE router is dual-homed to two different PE routers. The PE routers advertise the same prefix to the route reflector with different route targets. What ensures that only the best path is installed in the VRF?

During multicast troubleshooting, the command 'show ip mroute' shows that the RPF neighbor for a particular (S,G) entry is incorrect. What is the most likely cause?

Which QoS mechanism marks packets at the edge of the network to classify traffic into different service classes?

Segment Routing with TI-LFA (Topology Independent Loop-Free Alternate) provides fast convergence. Which statement accurately describes TI-LFA?

A service provider wants to influence inbound traffic from a customer AS. The customer AS is multi-homed to two provider ASes. Which BGP community is most effective to make the customer prefer a specific entry point?

Which routing protocol is used between CE and PE routers in a typical MPLS L3VPN deployment?

Which TWO statements accurately describe MPLS LDP label distribution and autoconfiguration? (Choose two.)

Which THREE BGP path attributes are considered during the best path selection process after local preference? (Choose three.)

Which TWO statements correctly describe differences between PIM dense mode and PIM sparse mode? (Choose two.)

A network engineer applies the above configuration on a PE router. The PE receives route 172.16.1.0/24 from eBGP peer 10.1.1.1. Which communities will be attached to this route?

Based on the exhibit, which statement about label allocation for prefix 10.1.1.0/24 is true?

Based on the exhibit, which OSPF network type is configured on this interface?

An engineer is troubleshooting MPLS forwarding. On a router, the 'show mpls forwarding-table' command displays that for a specific FEC, the outgoing label is 'Untagged'. What does this indicate?

A network operator wants to prefer a specific BGP route from a peer for a prefix. After applying a route-map to set local preference to 200, the route is still not preferred over a route from another peer with local preference 150. What could be the issue?

An engineer is deploying Segment Routing in an MPLS network. To ensure that routers can forward packets based on SR-MPLS labels without requiring LDP, which requirement must be met?

In a Layer 3 MPLS VPN, a customer site that is part of VRF RED is unable to communicate with another site that is also in VRF RED. The 'show ip bgp vpnv4 vrf RED' command shows the routes, but the router does not install them in the routing table. Which configuration element is most likely missing?

An engineer configures the 'set-overload-bit' command on an IS-IS router. What is the immediate effect on the network?

An engineer configures MPLS TE tunnels. After configuration, the tunnel remains down. The 'show mpls traffic-eng tunnels' output shows 'Tunnel is down - path computation failed'. What is the most likely cause?

A router is receiving a BGP prefix with community 100:100. The operator wants to modify the local preference to 200 for this prefix. Which configuration will achieve this?

An OSPF network uses point-to-point links. The engineer notices that LSAs are being flooded every 30 minutes even when no topology changes occur. What is the most likely reason?

An engineer is troubleshooting BGP convergence. The router has multiple paths for a prefix, but it selects a path with a lower local preference over a path with a higher local preference. The higher local preference path is from an EBGP peer. What could cause this?

Which TWO conditions must be met for a BGP route to be considered valid and used for forwarding?

Which THREE of the following are characteristics of Segment Routing (SR-MPLS) compared to traditional MPLS with LDP?

Which THREE are valid reasons for using the 'ipv6 unicast-routing' command on a Cisco router?

Refer to the exhibit. Which of the following is true about the BGP table?

Refer to the exhibit. Which statement is correct about the LDP bindings for prefix 10.0.0.0/24?

A service provider operates a large MPLS VPN network using OSPF as the IGP and LDP for label distribution. The PE routers (PE1, PE2, PE3) are connected to a core of P routers. Recently, a new link was added between P2 and P3. After the link came up, the engineering team noticed that several VPN routes that were previously reachable via PE2 are now being blackholed when traffic is sent from PE1 to those prefixes. The teams verify that the VPNv4 routes are present in the BGP table on PE1 with valid next-hops, but traffic fails. The traceroute from PE1 to the CE behind PE2 stops at P2. The show mpls forwarding-table on P2 shows the correct label for the VPN prefix, but the outgoing interface is null. Which action should the engineer take to resolve the issue without causing additional disruption?

A service provider wants to ensure that customer traffic is not impacted during a planned maintenance on a core LSR in an MPLS network. Which MPLS feature should be used?

A service provider's network is experiencing suboptimal routing for BGP prefixes received from a customer. The customer is multihomed to two different PE routers in the same AS. Which BGP feature can ensure that traffic ingresses via the correct PE?

A network engineer is troubleshooting OSPFv3 on a service provider's IPv6 network. The router shows that OSPFv3 adjacency never reaches FULL, says 'Init'. The neighbor is directly connected over a point-to-point link. What is the most likely cause?

A service provider is implementing MPLS L3VPN and needs to ensure that BGP route advertisement uses a specific next-hop. Which technique ensures BGP advertises the PE-CE next-hop instead of the PE-PE loopback?

When implementing MPLS TE tunnels in a service provider core, what is the purpose of the 'affinity' attribute?

Which TWO of the following are characteristics of MPLS LDP?

Which TWO BGP path attributes are considered before AS-path length in the default best-path selection process?

Which THREE of the following are required for successful operation of OSPFv3 in an IPv6 service provider network?

A service provider has recently deployed MPLS L3VPN to provide IP connectivity to multiple enterprise customers. One customer reports that they cannot reach a remote site that is connected to a different PE router. The engineer checks the BGP VPNv4 table on the customer's PE and sees the route for the remote site, but the next-hop is unreachable. The interface between the PE and P routers is up/up, and IGP reachability to the PE's loopback is fine. What is the most likely cause? Consider that the network uses LDP for label distribution and OSPF as the IGP.

A network engineer is troubleshooting a BGP convergence issue in a large service provider network. After a link failure in the core, BGP sessions between route reflectors take a long time to reconverge. The RRs are receiving updates from many clients. Which technology can be implemented to improve convergence time? The network currently uses standard BGP with default timers.

A service provider is migrating from OSPF to IS-IS in the core. During the migration, both protocols are running. Some prefixes are learned via both OSPF and IS-IS. The network uses BGP for external routes and MPLS for VPNs. The engineer notices that BGP routes are pointing to a next-hop that is reachable via OSPF but not via IS-IS, causing traffic to be dropped. What is the best course of action to ensure that during the migration, BGP uses only one IGP protocol?

A service provider's network uses MPLS TE with Fast Reroute (FRR) for link protection. After a fiber cut on a core link, the traffic is rerouted via a backup tunnel, but the backup tunnel's path suffers from high latency. The customer complains about poor voice quality. What can be done to avoid this scenario in future deployments?

A service provider is deploying multicast service for IPTV using PIM-SM with a single RP. During high traffic periods, the RP becomes overloaded. What is the most scalable solution to distribute the load across multiple RPs?

A service provider's network core runs IS-IS as the IGP. After adding a new router, some routers have incomplete LSP databases. The new router's interfaces are up, and IS-IS adjacency is up with neighbors. What is the cause? The network has a mix of interface MTUs, with some links having MTU 1500 and others 4470.

A network engineer is troubleshooting an OSPF adjacency failure between two directly connected routers, R1 and R2. Both routers are configured with the same OSPF process ID and area. The engineer verifies that the interfaces are up and IP connectivity exists. Which configuration mismatch is most likely causing the adjacency to fail?

An SP engineer is designing a BGP-based MPLS L3VPN service. The PE routers are fully meshed via iBGP for VPNv4 routes, and an RR is deployed to reduce sessions. The engineer notices that all PE routers are receiving duplicate routes from different PEs, causing suboptimal path selection. Which BGP feature should be enabled to ensure proper load balancing across multiple equal-cost paths?

Which TWO tasks are required when implementing segment routing in an MPLS network?

Based on the exhibit, what is preventing the BGP session from establishing?

A service provider is experiencing intermittent multicast issues in their core network. They use PIM-SM with a static RP at 10.1.1.1. The multicast traffic originates from a source connected to PE1 and is received by customers connected to PE2. Recently, after a firewall upgrade between the PE routers and the core, some multicast streams stopped working, while others continue. The network team notices that 'show ip mroute' on PE2 shows the (*, G) entry but not the (S, G) entry for the affected groups. The RP is reachable via OSPF. The firewall logs show no dropped packets for known multicast addresses. Which action should the engineer take to restore full multicast forwarding?