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Implement and manage Microsoft Entra identity and access →mediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

MS-102 Practice Question: Implement and manage Microsoft Entra identity and access

This MS-102 practice question tests your understanding of implement and manage microsoft entra identity and access. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

{
  "conditions": {
    "applications": {
      "includeApplications": ["Office365"]
    },
    "users": {
      "includeUsers": ["All"]
    },
    "clientAppTypes": ["browser", "mobileAppsAndDesktopClients"],
    "locations": {
      "includeLocations": ["AllTrusted"]
    }
  },
  "grantControls": {
    "operator": "OR",
    "builtInControls": ["mfa", "compliantDevice"]
  }
}

You are reviewing a Conditional Access policy in JSON format. The policy is applied to all users accessing Office 365 from trusted locations. What is the intended behavior of this policy?

Question 1mediummultiple choice
Full question →

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

{
  "conditions": {
    "applications": {
      "includeApplications": ["Office365"]
    },
    "users": {
      "includeUsers": ["All"]
    },
    "clientAppTypes": ["browser", "mobileAppsAndDesktopClients"],
    "locations": {
      "includeLocations": ["AllTrusted"]
    }
  },
  "grantControls": {
    "operator": "OR",
    "builtInControls": ["mfa", "compliantDevice"]
  }
}

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Users must provide MFA or use a compliant device

The policy grants access when users are in a trusted location and either provide MFA or use a compliant device. The 'OR' condition between MFA and device compliance means that satisfying either requirement is sufficient, not both. This is the standard behavior when multiple controls are assigned with 'Require one of the selected controls' in Conditional Access.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✗

    Users are blocked if they are not using a compliant device

    Why it's wrong here

    No block control is specified.

  • ✗

    Users must provide MFA and use a compliant device

    Why it's wrong here

    The operator is OR, not AND.

  • ✗

    Users only need to provide MFA regardless of device

    Why it's wrong here

    They could also use compliant device without MFA.

  • ✓

    Users must provide MFA or use a compliant device

    Why this is correct

    The OR operator means at least one condition must be met.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

The trap here is that candidates often assume multiple grant controls always require all conditions (AND logic), but Conditional Access defaults to OR logic unless the policy explicitly specifies 'Require all the selected controls'.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

In Conditional Access, when multiple grant controls are configured, the default behavior is 'Require one of the selected controls' (OR logic), unless explicitly set to 'Require all the selected controls' (AND logic). This is controlled by the 'grantControls' object in the JSON policy, specifically the 'builtInControls' array and the 'operator' property (which defaults to 'OR'). In a trusted location scenario, this allows organizations to reduce friction by not forcing MFA on compliant devices while still enforcing MFA on non-compliant ones.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
  • Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
  • Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this MS-102 question test?

Implement and manage Microsoft Entra identity and access — This question tests Implement and manage Microsoft Entra identity and access — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Users must provide MFA or use a compliant device — The policy grants access when users are in a trusted location and either provide MFA or use a compliant device. The 'OR' condition between MFA and device compliance means that satisfying either requirement is sufficient, not both. This is the standard behavior when multiple controls are assigned with 'Require one of the selected controls' in Conditional Access.

What should I do if I get this MS-102 question wrong?

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026

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