- A
Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
DLP policies can scan emails and documents for sensitive data (e.g., medical record numbers) and automatically block sharing or show policy tips. This is the correct solution for blocking external sharing of PHI.
- B
Microsoft Purview eDiscovery
Why wrong: eDiscovery is used to search, preserve, and export content for legal investigations. It does not prevent the sharing of sensitive data or encrypt emails. DLP and Message Encryption are needed.
- C
Microsoft Purview Message Encryption
Message Encryption (OME) allows users to send encrypted emails, and can be automatically applied through DLP rules. When an email contains PHI, encryption ensures the content is protected in transit and at rest.
- D
Microsoft Purview Audit (Standard)
Why wrong: Audit logging records user and admin activities in Microsoft 365 but does not actively block or encrypt sensitive data. It is useful for investigation after an incident, not for prevention.
MS-900 Practice Question: Describe security, compliance, privacy, and trust in Microsoft 365
This MS-900 practice question tests your understanding of describe security, compliance, privacy, and trust in microsoft 365. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A healthcare organization must protect patient health information (PHI) from being accidentally shared externally via email. They need to automatically block emails containing medical record numbers from being sent outside the organization and also encrypt any email that does contain PHI when it is allowed. Which two Microsoft Purview solutions should they combine? (Choose two.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is correct because it can automatically detect sensitive data, such as medical record numbers (PHI), in emails and apply policy actions like blocking external transmission. This directly addresses the requirement to prevent accidental sharing of PHI via email.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
Why this is correct
DLP policies can scan emails and documents for sensitive data (e.g., medical record numbers) and automatically block sharing or show policy tips. This is the correct solution for blocking external sharing of PHI.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Microsoft Purview eDiscovery
Why it's wrong here
eDiscovery is used to search, preserve, and export content for legal investigations. It does not prevent the sharing of sensitive data or encrypt emails. DLP and Message Encryption are needed.
- ✓
Microsoft Purview Message Encryption
Why this is correct
Message Encryption (OME) allows users to send encrypted emails, and can be automatically applied through DLP rules. When an email contains PHI, encryption ensures the content is protected in transit and at rest.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Microsoft Purview Audit (Standard)
Why it's wrong here
Audit logging records user and admin activities in Microsoft 365 but does not actively block or encrypt sensitive data. It is useful for investigation after an incident, not for prevention.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse eDiscovery or Audit with real-time enforcement capabilities, forgetting that DLP is the only option that can actively block or encrypt outbound emails based on content inspection.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
DLP policies in Microsoft 365 use sensitive information types (e.g., U.S. Medical Record Number) defined via regex patterns and keyword lists to classify content. When a DLP rule matches, it can trigger automatic encryption via Microsoft Purview Message Encryption, which wraps the email in an encrypted message envelope using Azure Rights Management (RMS) with AES-256. This combination ensures that even allowed PHI emails are protected in transit and at rest.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A cloud solutions architect for a retail company is evaluating services for a new workload. The correct answer here reflects best practice for the specific scenario described — not a general cloud recommendation. Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option. Cloud exam questions reward reading the constraint carefully: the same technology can be right or wrong depending on the use case.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this MS-900 question test?
Describe security, compliance, privacy, and trust in Microsoft 365 — This question tests Describe security, compliance, privacy, and trust in Microsoft 365 — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) — Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is correct because it can automatically detect sensitive data, such as medical record numbers (PHI), in emails and apply policy actions like blocking external transmission. This directly addresses the requirement to prevent accidental sharing of PHI via email.
What should I do if I get this MS-900 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
This MS-900 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the MS-900 exam.
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