LPIC-1 System Architecture Practice Test 3 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A system has a software RAID1 array (/dev/md0) with two disks: /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. Disk /dev/sda fails. Which command sequence will replace the failed disk with a new /dev/sdc without stopping the array?

Accepted Answer

mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sda --remove /dev/sda && mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdc. Correct: A. The mdadm commands '--fail' marks the disk as failed, '--remove' removes it, then '--add' adds the new disk. Option B stops the array which is unnecessary; C (dd) is not appropriate for live replacement; D requires reboot which is not ideal.

Answer

mdadm --stop /dev/md0; replace disk; mdadm --assemble /dev/md0 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

Answer

Shutdown system, physically replace disk, reboot

Answer

dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/sdc bs=64K

Question 2

Which TWO commands can display the UUID of block devices?

Accepted Answer

blkid. Correct: A and B. 'blkid' shows UUID of all block devices; 'lsblk -f' also shows UUID. Option C 'fdisk -l' does not show UUID; D 'parted' show partition table but not UUID; E 'df -T' shows filesystem type but not UUID.

Answer

df -T

Answer

fdisk -l

Answer

parted /dev/sda print

Question 3

Which TWO files are used to configure kernel boot parameters in GRUB?

Accepted Answer

/etc/default/grub. Correct: A and B. /etc/default/grub is the configuration file for GRUB 2; /boot/grub/grub.cfg is the generated boot menu file. Option C /proc/cmdline shows current parameters but is not config; D /sys/kernel/cmdline is not a config; E /etc/grub.d/ contains scripts that generate grub.cfg, but not directly.

Answer

/sys/kernel/cmdline

Answer

/etc/grub.d/

Answer

/proc/cmdline

Question 4

Which THREE of the following are valid systemd targets?

Accepted Answer

poweroff.target. Correct: A, B, E. poweroff.target, reboot.target, and rescue.target are standard systemd targets. Option C 'halt.target' is not a valid systemd target (halt is performed via a different mechanism); D 'shutdown.target' is also not standard.

Answer

halt.target

Answer

shutdown.target

Question 5

The system administrator wants to use the entire sdb disk as a single partition. Which command will partition sdb with a single partition occupying the whole disk?

Accepted Answer

parted /dev/sdb mklabel gpt && parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 0% 100%. Correct: B. The parted command 'mklabel gpt' creates a GPT partition label, then 'mkpart primary 0% 100%' creates a partition that uses the entire disk. Option A requires multiple steps; C zeroes the first MB; D attempts to create a filesystem directly on the disk without a partition.

Answer

fdisk /dev/sdb, then create a new primary partition accepting all defaults

Answer

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=1M count=1

Answer

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb

Question 6

Based on the exhibit, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

The disk is 1 TB. Correct: C. The log shows '1953525168 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 TB/931 GiB)', confirming the disk is 1 TB. Option A is false because only sda1 and sda2 partitions are detected; B is not indicated; D is false because Write Protect is off.

Answer

The disk has write protection enabled

Answer

The disk has 5 partitions

Answer

The disk uses GPT partitioning

Question 7

A system administrator notices that the system boots to the graphical interface but wants to change it to boot to a non-graphical multi-user target. Which command will make this change persistent?

Accepted Answer

systemctl set-default multi-user.target. Correct: A. The 'systemctl set-default multi-user.target' command sets the default target to multi-user, which is persistent across reboots. Option B (isolate) changes the current target but not the default; C (enable) is used for services, not targets; D (start) starts a target but does not set default.

Answer

systemctl isolate multi-user.target

Answer

systemctl enable multi-user.target

Answer

systemctl start multi-user.target

Question 8

A technician needs to output only the kernel release number. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

uname -r. The `uname -r` command specifically prints the kernel release number (e.g., '5.10.0-28-amd64') by querying the `utsname` system call. This is the standard, portable way to retrieve only the kernel release string without additional system information.

Answer

cat /proc/version

Answer

dmesg | head -1

Answer

lsmod

Question 9

A server configured with UEFI firmware and GPT partitioning fails to boot after a GRUB package update. The administrator suspects the bootloader is not correctly installed. Which command should be used to reinstall GRUB to the EFI system partition?

Accepted Answer

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi. For UEFI systems, grub-install must include the target and efi-directory. Option B specifies x86_64-efi target and the EFI directory /boot/efi, which is correct.

Answer

grub2-install /dev/sda1

Answer

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Answer

grub-install /dev/sda

Question 10

A system administrator needs to ensure that the httpd service starts automatically when the system enters the multi-user.target. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

systemctl enable httpd. systemctl enable httpd creates symlinks so the service starts at boot when the target includes it. The default target for multi-user is typically multi-user.target.

Answer

systemctl add-wants multi-user.target httpd.service

Answer

systemctl start httpd

Answer

systemctl set-default multi-user.target

Question 11

A kernel module fails to load with the error 'modprobe: FATAL: Module xyz not found in directory /lib/modules/$(uname -r)'. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The kernel version has changed and modules need to be rebuilt.. The error indicates that the module is not present for the currently running kernel version. This often happens after a kernel update without rebuilding the modules.

Answer

The module is blacklisted in /etc/modprobe.d/.

Answer

The module has dependencies that are missing.

Answer

The module is not installed on the system.

Question 12

Which directory contains information about hardware devices in a hierarchical structure, such as PCI devices and USB devices?

Accepted Answer

/sys. /sys is the sysfs filesystem that exposes information about devices and drivers in a hierarchical manner.

Answer

/dev

Answer

/etc

Answer

/proc

Question 13

A system administrator wants to disable the graphical target and boot to the text mode multi-user.target permanently. Which command should they run?

Accepted Answer

systemctl set-default multi-user.target. systemctl set-default multi-user.target changes the default target permanently, so the system will boot to multi-user mode (text) instead of graphical.target.

Answer

systemctl enable multi-user.target

Answer

systemctl isolate multi-user.target

Answer

systemctl default multi-user.target

Question 14

After modifying the /etc/fstab file, an administrator runs the command mount -a and receives the error 'mount: /data: special device /dev/sdb1 does not exist'. What is the most likely issue?

Accepted Answer

There is a typo in the device path in /etc/fstab.. The error states the special device (block device) does not exist. This typically means the device path specified in fstab is incorrect or the device itself is absent. After fstab modification, a typo in the device path is the most plausible cause.

Answer

The /dev/sdb1 device file is missing or corrupted.

Answer

The entry in /etc/fstab has an incorrect filesystem type.

Answer

The filesystem on /dev/sdb1 is not formatted.

Question 15

Which command shows the amount of free and used memory in the system, including swap?

Accepted Answer

free -h. free -h displays memory and swap usage in human-readable format. It shows total, used, free, and buffers/cache.

Answer

top

Answer

df -h

Answer

vmstat