Courseiva
Knowledge + Practice
CertificationsVendorsCareer RoadmapsLabs & ToolsStudy GuidesGlossaryPractice Questions
C
Courseiva

Free IT certification practice questions with explained answers for CCNA, CompTIA, AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, and more.

Certification Practice Questions

CCNA practice questionsSecurity+ SY0-701 practice questionsAWS SAA-C03 practice questionsAZ-104 practice questionsAZ-900 practice questionsCLF-C02 practice questionsA+ Core 1 practice questionsGoogle Cloud ACE practice questionsCySA+ CS0-003 practice questionsNetwork+ N10-009 practice questions
View all certifications →

Product

CertificationsCertification PathsExam TopicsPractice TestsExam Dumps vs Practice TestsStudy HubComparisons

Company

AboutContactEditorial PolicyQuestion Writing PolicyTrust Center

Legal

Privacy PolicyTerms of Service

Courseiva is a free IT certification practice platform offering original exam-style practice questions, detailed explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics for Cisco, CompTIA, Microsoft, AWS, and other technology certifications.

© 2026 Courseiva. Courseiva is operated by JTNetSolutions Ltd. All rights reserved.

Courseiva is an independent certification practice platform and is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Cisco, Microsoft, AWS, CompTIA, Google, ISC2, ISACA, or any other certification vendor. Vendor names and certification marks are used only to identify the exams learners are preparing for.

← System Architecture practice sets

LPIC-1 System Architecture • Complete Question Bank

LPIC-1 System Architecture — All Questions With Answers

Complete LPIC-1 System Architecture question bank — all 0 questions with answers and detailed explanations.

92
Questions
Free
No signup
Certifications/LPIC-1/Practice Test/System Architecture/All Questions
Question 1mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator notices that the server's clock is consistently off by several minutes. Which service should be used to synchronize the time with an external time source?

Question 2easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

During boot, the kernel must mount the root filesystem. Which of the following is responsible for providing the kernel with the location of the root filesystem?

Question 3hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A server has two disk drives: /dev/sda (SSD) and /dev/sdb (HDD). The administrator wants to place frequently accessed files on the SSD for performance. Which approach best achieves this using Linux filesystem features?

Question 4mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A technician is troubleshooting a system that fails to boot with the error 'Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)'. What is the most likely cause?

Question 5easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which hardware component uses a unique address to identify itself on the network at the data link layer?

Question 6mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A Linux system has two network interfaces: eth0 and eth1. The administrator wants to bond them for increased throughput. Which kernel module is required for bonding?

Question 7hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

An administrator needs to ensure that a specific kernel module is loaded automatically at boot. Which file should be used to permanently load the module?

Question 8easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which command displays information about the CPU, including model name, cache size, and flags?

Question 9mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A server with a udev rule fails to consistently assign a persistent network interface name. What is the most likely cause?

Question 10mediummulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO of the following are valid methods to reduce boot time on a Linux system? (Select exactly 2.)

Question 11hardmulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which THREE of the following are characteristics of UEFI firmware compared to legacy BIOS? (Select exactly 3.)

Question 12easymulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO commands can be used to display the amount of free and used memory on a Linux system? (Select exactly 2.)

Question 13mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. The system has a single disk with three partitions. Which partition contains the root filesystem?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

$ lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0 223.6G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    0   512M  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0    16G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3   8:3    0 207.1G  0 part /
Question 14hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. How many SATA controllers are detected, and what is the connection speed of the SSD?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

$ dmesg | grep -i "ata"
[    1.234567] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m2048@0xfebf8000 port 0xfebf8100 irq 24
[    1.234568] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m2048@0xfebf8000 port 0xfebf8180 irq 24
[    1.345678] ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[    1.345679] ata2: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[    1.567890] ata1.00: ATA-11: Samsung SSD 860 EVO, MZ-76E250, max UDMA/133
[    1.567891] ata1.00: 488397168 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 32)
[    1.567892] ata2.00: ATA-9: WDC WD10EZEX-00WN4A0, 01.01A01, max UDMA/133
[    1.567893] ata2.00: 1953525168 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 32)
Question 15hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A company runs a critical database server on Linux. The server has a hardware RAID controller with two logical volumes: one for the operating system (LV1) and one for the database data (LV2). The server uses LVM on top of the RAID volumes. Recently, the database performance has degraded. The administrator suspects that the file system on LV2 is heavily fragmented. The server uses the ext4 filesystem. The administrator wants to check the fragmentation level and, if necessary, defragment the filesystem without unmounting it or causing downtime. However, ext4 does not support online defragmentation. What should the administrator do to minimize fragmentation impact while maintaining availability?

Question 16mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A Linux system administrator is tasked with setting up a new server that will host multiple virtual machines using KVM. The server has 64 GB of RAM and two physical CPUs, each with 8 cores (16 threads). The administrator needs to allocate resources efficiently. The VMs will have varying workloads. The administrator wants to ensure that the host system has enough resources for itself and that VMs can use all available CPU cores. Which approach should the administrator take to configure CPU allocation for the host and VMs?

Question 17mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator notices that a server with a freshly installed Linux system fails to boot with the error 'No bootable device found'. The server has a single SATA hard disk connected to the motherboard's SATA controller. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this issue?

Question 18easymulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO of the following are valid methods to change the default runlevel on a SysV init-based system?

Question 19hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. A Linux system fails to boot with a kernel panic. The dmesg output shows the disk is detected and partitions are recognized. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the kernel panic?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

# dmesg | grep -i 'ata\|sda'
[    0.000000] ACPI: IRQ9 used by override.
[    0.000000] ACPI: IRQ9 used by override.
[    2.345678] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
[    2.345679] ata1.00: ATA-8: ST31000524AS, JC45, max UDMA/133
[    2.345680] ata1.00: 1953525168 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32)
[    2.345681] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[    2.345682] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     ATA      ST31000524AS     JC45 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[    2.345683] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525168 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 TB/931 GiB)
[    2.345684] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[    2.345685] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[    2.345686] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[    2.345687] sda: sda1 sda2
[    2.345688] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
Question 20mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A Linux administrator manages a server that runs a custom application requiring a specific kernel module to be loaded at boot. The server uses SysV init and has the module listed in /etc/modules. However, after a recent kernel update, the module fails to load automatically at boot. The administrator can manually load the module with 'modprobe <module>' after the system is running. The application depends on this module being loaded before any network services start. Which of the following actions should the administrator take to ensure the module loads automatically at the correct time during boot?

Question 21mediumdrag order
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Arrange the steps to configure a firewall rule using iptables to allow SSH.

Drag steps to the numbered slots on the right, or tap a step then tap a slot.

Steps
Order
1Step 1
2Step 2
3Step 3
4Step 4
5Step 5
Question 22mediummatching
Study the full ACL explanation →

Match each ACL term to its meaning.

Drag a concept onto its matching description — or click a concept then click the description.

Concepts
Matches

Permissions for a specific user

Permissions for a specific group

Maximum permissions for named users and groups

Permissions for everyone else

Inherited ACL for new files/directories

Question 23easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

During the boot process, the system stops at a GRUB prompt. Which command should be typed to continue booting?

Question 24easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which command displays the system's architecture (e.g., x86_64)?

Question 25easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

What is stored in the first sector of a hard disk (Master Boot Record)?

Question 26mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator needs to create a new Logical Volume (LV) in an existing LVM setup. Which sequence of commands is correct?

Question 27mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A Linux system fails to boot with the error: 'Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)'. What is the most likely cause?

Question 28mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which command can be used to check whether a specific kernel module is currently loaded?

Question 29hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A sysadmin wants to ensure a specific kernel module is automatically loaded at boot. Which method is considered best practice?

Question 30hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

During boot, a sysadmin sees the message 'Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 0'. What does this most likely indicate?

Question 31hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system has a software RAID1 array (/dev/md0) with two disks: /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. Disk /dev/sda fails. Which command sequence will replace the failed disk with a new /dev/sdc without stopping the array?

Question 32mediummulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO commands can display the UUID of block devices?

Question 33hardmulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO files are used to configure kernel boot parameters in GRUB?

Question 34mediummulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which THREE of the following are valid systemd targets?

Question 35mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

The system administrator wants to use the entire sdb disk as a single partition. Which command will partition sdb with a single partition occupying the whole disk?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.
```
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0 238.5G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    0   512M  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0    20G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0     4G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda4   8:4    0   214G  0 part /home
sdb      8:16   0   120G  0 disk
```
Question 36easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Based on the exhibit, which statement is true?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.
```
[    2.345678] scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access     ATA      ST1000DM003-1CH1  CC43 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[    2.345780] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525168 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 TB/931 GiB)
[    2.345782] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[    2.345783] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[    2.345785] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[    2.346001] sda: sda1 sda2
[    2.346567] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
```
Question 37mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator notices that the system boots to the graphical interface but wants to change it to boot to a non-graphical multi-user target. Which command will make this change persistent?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.
```
UNIT                  LOAD   ACTIVE SUB    DESCRIPTION
basic.target          loaded active active Basic System
cryptsetup.target     loaded active active Local Encrypted Volumes
getty.target          loaded active active Login Prompts
graphical.target      loaded active active Graphical Interface
local-fs-pre.target   loaded active active Local File Systems (Pre)
local-fs.target       loaded active active Local File Systems
multi-user.target     loaded active active Multi-User System
network-online.target loaded active active Network is Online
network.target        loaded active active Network
paths.target          loaded active active Paths
remote-fs.target      loaded active active Remote File Systems
slices.target         loaded active active Slices
sockets.target        loaded active active Sockets
swap.target           loaded active active Swap
sysinit.target        loaded active active System Initialization
timers.target         loaded active active Timers
```
Question 38easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A technician needs to output only the kernel release number. Which command should be used?

Question 39hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A server configured with UEFI firmware and GPT partitioning fails to boot after a GRUB package update. The administrator suspects the bootloader is not correctly installed. Which command should be used to reinstall GRUB to the EFI system partition?

Question 40mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator needs to ensure that the httpd service starts automatically when the system enters the multi-user.target. Which command should be used?

Question 41hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A kernel module fails to load with the error 'modprobe: FATAL: Module xyz not found in directory /lib/modules/$(uname -r)'. What is the most likely cause?

Question 42easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which directory contains information about hardware devices in a hierarchical structure, such as PCI devices and USB devices?

Question 43mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator wants to disable the graphical target and boot to the text mode multi-user.target permanently. Which command should they run?

Question 44hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

After modifying the /etc/fstab file, an administrator runs the command mount -a and receives the error 'mount: /data: special device /dev/sdb1 does not exist'. What is the most likely issue?

Question 45easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which command shows the amount of free and used memory in the system, including swap?

Question 46mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator needs to see the boot messages recorded by systemd-journald from the current boot. Which command is most appropriate?

Question 47mediummulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO commands can be used to display information about the CPU(s) in a Linux system? (Choose two.)

Question 48hardmulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO conditions would cause the boot process to fall back to the GRUB rescue shell? (Choose two.)

Question 49easymulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which THREE of the following are valid runlevels in a traditional SysV init system? (Choose three.)

Question 50mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. How many physical disks are detected by the kernel, and what are their sizes?

Exhibit

# dmesg | grep -i "sd"
[    1.234567] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 20971520 512-byte logical blocks: (10.7 GB/10.0 GiB)
[    1.234567] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[    1.234567] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[    1.234567] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[    1.567890] sd 0:0:0:1: [sdb] 4194304 512-byte logical blocks: (2.15 GB/2.00 GiB)
[    1.567890] sd 0:0:0:1: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[    1.567890] sd 0:0:0:1: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[    1.567890] sd 0:0:0:1: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
Question 51hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. The system is unable to mount a filesystem that should be identified by UUID 1234-5678. The administrator checks /etc/fstab and finds the entry: UUID=1234-5678 /data ext4 defaults 0 2. What is the most likely cause of the mount failure?

Exhibit

# ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 10 10:00 1234-5678 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 10 10:00 abcd-ef01 -> ../../sdb1
Question 52easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. What is the current default target?

Exhibit

# systemctl get-default
multi-user.target
# ls -l /etc/systemd/system/default.target
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 37 Jan 10 10:00 /etc/systemd/system/default.target -> /lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target
Question 53easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A Linux system fails to boot after installing a new kernel. Which step should be taken first to recover the system?

Question 54mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator wants to ensure a service named 'app.service' starts automatically on boot in a systemd-based system. Which command should be used?

Question 55hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A server with UEFI firmware and GPT partitioning has a corrupted bootloader. Which command can be used to reinstall GRUB in UEFI mode?

Question 56easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which file is used by GRUB to load the kernel at boot time?

Question 57mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

An administrator runs 'lsmod' and sees a module with a usage count of 1. What does this indicate?

Question 58hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system takes a long time to boot due to a service that fails to start. Which systemd command can be used to identify the service causing the delay?

Question 59easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which directory contains the kernel modules for the currently running kernel?

Question 60mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

To add a kernel parameter temporarily to the kernel command line at boot, what key should be pressed in the GRUB menu?

Question 61hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system has multiple CPUs but only one is being used. Which file under /sys/ can be checked to verify CPU online status?

Question 62easymulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO of the following are valid methods to list currently loaded kernel modules?

Question 63mediummulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO commands can be used to set the default boot target (runlevel) in systemd?

Question 64hardmulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which THREE of the following are valid sources to configure GRUB?

Question 65easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator notices that after updating the kernel, the system fails to boot. The administrator wants to boot the previous kernel. Which GRUB menu option should be selected?

Question 66mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A Linux system using systemd fails to reach the default target after a recent change. The administrator wants to boot into a minimal environment to troubleshoot. Which kernel parameter should be added at the GRUB prompt?

Question 67hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator needs to blacklist the kernel module 'pcspkr' to disable the PC speaker. Which is the correct method?

Question 68mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

On a systemd-based system, which file is NOT used for system initialization?

Question 69easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which systemd target corresponds to the traditional runlevel 3?

Question 70mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

An administrator wants to add a kernel parameter 'quiet splash' to the default boot entry. Which file should be edited?

Question 71hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system boots in UEFI mode, and the administrator wants to add a new kernel entry to the EFI boot manager. Which tool should be used?

Question 72hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

After connecting a USB device, the system does not create a device node in /dev. Which command can be used to trigger udev to re-evaluate the device?

Question 73easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which command displays information about currently loaded kernel modules?

Question 74mediummulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO of the following are valid methods to view kernel messages on a systemd-based system?

Question 75hardmulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which THREE of the following are valid systemd targets?

Question 76mediummulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO of the following are required for a system to boot using UEFI?

Question 77mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

The system administrator wants to add a new swap partition on /dev/sdb2. After creating the partition, which command should be used to initialize it as swap?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

$ lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0 233.8G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    0   512M  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0   230G  0 part /
└─sda3   8:3    0   2.8G  0 part [SWAP]
sdb      8:16   0 931.5G  0 disk
└─sdb1   8:17   0 931.5G  0 part /data
Question 78easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

The administrator wants the sshd service to start automatically at boot. Which command should be used?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

$ systemctl status sshd.service
● sshd.service - OpenSSH Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
Question 79hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator is responsible for a Linux server running a critical application. The server recently experienced an unplanned power outage. Upon rebooting, the system fails to reach the default target and drops into an emergency shell. The administrator notices that the root filesystem (/) is mounted read-only. The /etc/fstab file contains the following lines:

UUID=abc123 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 UUID=def456 /home ext4 defaults 0 2 UUID=ghi789 none swap sw 0 0

The administrator suspects that the /home filesystem has a corrupt superblock and is causing the boot failure. The administrator needs to check and repair the /home filesystem without causing data loss. Which of the following is the correct course of action?

Question 80mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator suspects a failing power supply because the server randomly reboots. Which command can be used to check hardware health and event logs?

Question 81hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

After a system upgrade, the server fails to boot with the error: 'ERROR: Failed to mount the real root device.' The root filesystem is on an LVM logical volume. Which recovery step is most appropriate?

Question 82easymulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO commands can be used to obtain information about the CPU architecture of a Linux system?

Question 83mediummulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which THREE of the following are valid systemd service unit types?

Question 84easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A junior admin is tasked with configuring network bonding on a Debian server with two Ethernet interfaces, eth0 and eth1. The goal is to provide link redundancy using active-backup mode. The admin edits /etc/network/interfaces and adds configuration for bond0 with slaves eth0 eth1, then runs 'ifup bond0'. However, the bond interface fails to come up and the error message indicates that the 'bond' kernel module is not loaded. The admin checks with 'lsmod | grep bonding' and finds no output. Which additional step is required to successfully bring up the bond interface? Options: A) Run 'modprobe bonding' before ifup, B) Add 'auto bond0' in /etc/network/interfaces, C) Use ifenslave directly after ifup, D) Reboot the system to load the module.

Question 85easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A small office server running Ubuntu 20.04 experiences a gradual time drift. The system clock loses about 2 minutes per week. The hardware clock (RTC) is maintained by the motherboard battery and appears accurate when checked manually. The sysadmin wants to ensure the system clock stays synchronized automatically. Which single action should be taken? Options: A) Run 'timedatectl set-ntp true' to enable systemd-timesyncd, B) Add 'hwclock --hctosys' to /etc/rc.local, C) Install and configure the ntp package with a pool server, D) Use 'cron' to run ntpdate every minute.

Question 86mediummultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A data center server with two NICs (eth0 and eth1) is configured for network bonding in mode 1 (active-backup). The admin notices that after a cable pull on eth0, the bond interface fails over to eth1 as expected. However, when the cable is reconnected to eth0, the bond remains on eth1 indefinitely. The admin checks /proc/net/bonding/bond0 and sees that eth0 is marked as 'up' but not as 'active'. Which parameter is most likely missing from the bond configuration? Options: A) 'miimon=100' to enable link monitoring, B) 'downdelay=0', C) 'updelay=0', D) 'primary=eth0' to prefer eth0 as the active slave.

Question 87mediummultiple choice
Read the full NAT/PAT explanation →

An administrator is migrating a legacy service from a SysV init system to a systemd unit. The service is a long-running daemon that forks once. The admin writes a unit file of Type=forking, sets PIDFile correctly, and enables the service. On the next reboot, the service starts but systemd reports that the service entered 'failed' state shortly after start, even though the process is running. The log shows: 'PID file /var/run/myservice.pid not readable (yet?) after start.' What is the most likely cause? Options: A) The service does not write its PID file quickly enough, B) The PIDFile path is wrong, C) The unit file should use Type=simple instead, D) The service needs a TimeoutStartSec increase.

Question 88hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A production server running CentOS 7 has multiple SCSI disks (sda, sdb, sdc) configured in a RAID5 array managed by mdadm (md0). The root filesystem is on md0. After a power failure, the server boots but drops into a rescue shell with the error: 'md: md0: cannot run array. Not enough devices online.' The admin checks with 'cat /proc/mdstat' and sees that only sda and sdb are spares (marked as (S)), sdc is missing. Which sequence of commands should the admin use to attempt recovery and bring the system to a functional state? Options: A) First run 'mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdc', then 'mdadm --run /dev/md0'. B) Boot from a live CD, then run 'mdadm --assemble --scan' to reassemble. C) Run 'mdadm --stop /dev/md0', then 'mdadm --assemble /dev/md0 /dev/sda /dev/sdb /dev/sdc'. D) Run 'mdadm --run /dev/md0' to force start the array in degraded mode, then add sdc with 'mdadm --add' after system is up.

Question 89hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A Linux system with a custom kernel fails to boot after a new kernel is compiled and installed. The boot process stops at a prompt: 'Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)'. The root filesystem is on /dev/sda2 with ext4. The system has an initramfs generated with dracut. The admin can boot from a previous kernel. Which is the most appropriate next step to troubleshoot and fix the issue? Options: A) Rebuild the initramfs using 'dracut --force --kver' with the correct kernel version, B) Add 'root=/dev/sda2' to the kernel command line, C) Use 'mkinitrd' with the '--preload' option for ext4 module, D) Run 'ldd /sbin/init' to check for missing libraries.

Question 90mediummulti select
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Which TWO statements about GRUB 2 are correct?

Question 91hardmultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. The system has multiple SAS drives attached to this controller, but one of them is not detected during boot. Which command is most likely to provide information about the device detection order?

Exhibit

01:00.0 SCSI storage controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic SAS1068E PCI-Express Fusion-MPT SAS (rev 08)
        Subsystem: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic SAS1068E PCI-Express Fusion-MPT SAS
        Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 24
        I/O ports at ec00 [size=256]
        Memory at f7ffc000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
        Memory at f7ff8000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
        Expansion ROM at f7f00000 [disabled] [size=256K]
        Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
        Capabilities: [68] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
        Capabilities: [98] Power Management version 3
        Capabilities: [a0] MSI-X: Enable- Count=15 Masked-
        Kernel driver in use: mpt3sas
        Kernel modules: mpt3sas
Question 92easymultiple choice
Read the full System Architecture explanation →

A system administrator is troubleshooting a Linux server that fails to boot. The server has a software RAID 1 configuration using mdadm, with the root filesystem located on /dev/md0. During boot, the system halts with the following error: 'VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)'. The admin verifies that the BIOS recognizes all disks and that the RAID array was properly assembled prior to the last shutdown. The system was working after a recent kernel update, but now fails. Which of the following actions is the most likely solution?

Practice tests

Scored 10-question sessions with instant feedback and explanations.

LPIC-1 Practice Test 1 — 10 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Test 2 — 10 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Test 3 — 10 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Test 4 — 10 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Test 5 — 10 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Exam 1 — 20 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Exam 2 — 20 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Exam 3 — 20 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Exam 4 — 20 Questions→Free LPIC-1 Practice Test 1 — 30 Questions→Free LPIC-1 Practice Test 2 — 30 Questions→Free LPIC-1 Practice Test 3 — 30 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Questions 1 — 50 Questions→LPIC-1 Practice Questions 2 — 50 Questions→LPIC-1 Exam Simulation 1 — 100 Questions→

Practice by domain

Each domain maps to a weighted exam section. Focus on the domain where you are weakest.

GNU and Unix CommandsDevices, Filesystems and FHSLinux Installation and Package ManagementEssential System Services and NetworkingAdministrative TasksShells, Scripting and Data ManagementSystem Architecture

Practice by scenario

Filter questions by type — troubleshooting, exhibit, drag-and-drop, PBQ, ACLs, OSPF, and more.

Browse scenarios→

Continue studying

All System Architecture setsAll System Architecture questionsLPIC-1 Practice Hub