LPIC-1 Practice Exam 3 — 20 Questions

Question 1

An openSUSE administrator needs to add a new repository from a URL and refresh the package cache. Which command sequence accomplishes this?

Accepted Answer

zypper addrepo url; zypper refresh. `zypper addrepo url` adds a new repository from the specified URL, and `zypper refresh` updates the package cache to include metadata from all configured repositories. This two-step sequence is the standard method in openSUSE for adding a remote repository and making its packages available for installation.

Answer

zypper install --repo url

Answer

zypper modifyrepo --add url

Answer

zypper repos --add url

Question 2

Refer to the exhibit. The job runs every hour but the administrator notices that it does not execute on Sundays. Which cron syntax element is responsible?

Accepted Answer

The day-of-week field. The day-of-week field (the 5th field in a cron expression) controls which days of the week the job runs. If this field is set to 1-6 (Monday–Saturday) or explicitly excludes 0/7 (Sunday), the job will not execute on Sundays. Since the job runs every hour but not on Sundays, the day-of-week field is responsible.

Answer

The minute field

Answer

The hour field

Answer

The month field

Question 3

Refer to the exhibit. A user tries to write to /mnt/usb/myfile.txt as a non-root user and receives a permission denied error. What is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

The vfat filesystem does not support Unix permissions, and the mount options (fmask/dmask) restrict write access to root only. The vfat filesystem does not store Unix-style permissions; instead, it relies on mount options like fmask and dmask to set the effective permissions for all files and directories. If these masks are set to restrict write access to root only (e.g., fmask=0133), non-root users will receive a 'permission denied' error even if the filesystem is mounted read-write. This is a common cause of write failures on USB drives formatted with FAT/VFAT.

Answer

The filesystem is mounted read-only

Answer

The filesystem is mounted with the 'noexec' option, preventing write

Answer

The file's permissions are 644, so the user does not have write access

Question 4

Order the steps to configure a Linux system to use a proxy server for HTTP.

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Set environment variables (http_proxy, https_proxy, no_proxy) in /etc/environment or user shell config. Step 2: Source the config file (e.g., source ~/.bashrc) or log out/in. Step 3: Configure application-specific proxy settings (e.g., apt.conf, /etc/wgetrc). Step 4: Test connectivity using curl or wget.. Proxy configuration involves setting environment variables and application-specific configs.

Answer

Step 1: Configure application-specific proxy settings (e.g., apt.conf). Step 2: Set environment variables in /etc/environment. Step 3: Source the config file. Step 4: Test connectivity.

Answer

Step 1: Set environment variables in a terminal session (export http_proxy=...). Step 2: Configure application-specific settings. Step 3: Test connectivity. Step 4: Do not make settings persistent by saving to config files.

Answer

Step 1: Set environment variables in /etc/environment. Step 2: Test connectivity without sourcing or logging out. Step 3: Configure application-specific settings. Step 4: Reboot the system.

Question 5

A systems administrator needs to change the permissions of the file /home/user/script.sh so that the owner can read, write, and execute; the group can read and execute; and others have no access. Which command accomplishes this?

Accepted Answer

chmod 750 /home/user/script.sh. Chmod 750 sets the permissions to rwxr-x---, which gives the owner read, write, and execute (7), the group read and execute (5), and others no access (0). This matches the requirement exactly.

Answer

chmod 755 /home/user/script.sh

Answer

chmod 770 /home/user/script.sh

Answer

chmod 741 /home/user/script.sh

Question 6

Match each ACL term to its meaning.

Accepted Answer

Access ACL: Defines permissions for a file or directory.. The correct matches: Access ACL applies to files and directories; Default ACL applies to new objects; Mask limits permissions for named users/groups. Common confusions include applying ACLs only to directories or misinterpreting mask as owner permissions.

Answer

Access ACL: Applied only to directories.

Answer

Default ACL: Controls access to the current directory's contents.

Answer

Mask: Permissions for the file owner.

Question 7

An administrator notices the system clock is drifting. Which command can be used to enable automatic time synchronization using NTP on a system with systemd?

Accepted Answer

timedatectl set-ntp yes. `timedatectl set-ntp yes` enables automatic time synchronization via NTP on systems using systemd. This command configures the `systemd-timesyncd` service, which is the default NTP client for systemd-based distributions, to synchronize the system clock with remote NTP servers. It is the standard, modern method for managing NTP settings in such environments.

Answer

ntpdate pool.ntp.org

Answer

systemctl start ntpd

Answer

date --set

Question 8

Refer to the exhibit. When will the cron job execute?

Accepted Answer

Every minute.. The cron job entry `* * * * *` specifies five fields (minute, hour, day of month, month, day of week), each set to `*`, meaning 'every'. This results in the job executing every minute of every hour, every day of the month, every month, and every day of the week — i.e., every minute without restriction.

Answer

Every minute of every hour, but only weekdays.

Answer

Every day at midnight.

Answer

Every hour.

Question 9

An administrator notices that a large file on an ext4 filesystem is taking up more disk space than expected based on its size. Which command would show the actual disk usage (block allocation) of the file?

Accepted Answer

du -h. (du -h) is correct because du (disk usage) reports the actual disk space consumed by a file, including allocated blocks, which can be larger than the file's logical size due to block size overhead, fragmentation, or sparse file handling. On ext4, the default block size is 4096 bytes, so a 1-byte file occupies 4096 bytes on disk, and du reflects this allocation.

Answer

ls -l

Answer

df -h

Answer

stat

Question 10

A script starts multiple background processes. An administrator wants to wait for all background jobs to complete before proceeding. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

wait. The `wait` command without any arguments waits for all background jobs spawned by the current shell to complete before returning control to the script. This is the correct way to synchronize multiple background processes in a shell script, ensuring all child processes finish before proceeding to the next command.

Answer

jobs -l

Answer

wait %1

Answer

sleep 5

Question 11

A system administrator needs to install a local Debian package file named 'myapp.deb'. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

dpkg -i myapp.deb. The correct command to install a local Debian package file is `dpkg -i myapp.deb`. The `dpkg` tool is the low-level package manager for Debian-based systems that directly handles `.deb` files, and the `-i` flag triggers installation. Unlike `apt-get` or `aptitude`, `dpkg` does not resolve dependencies automatically, but it is the proper tool for installing a standalone `.deb` file from disk.

Answer

rpm -ivh myapp.deb

Answer

aptitude install myapp.deb

Answer

apt-get install myapp.deb

Question 12

A system administrator needs to find out which package installed the file /usr/bin/foo on a Red Hat system. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

`rpm -qf /usr/bin/foo`. The `rpm -qf /usr/bin/foo` command queries the RPM database to determine which installed package owns the specified file. The `-f` (or `--file`) option tells RPM to search for the package that provided that file path, making it the correct choice for this task on a Red Hat system.

Answer

`rpm -qa /usr/bin/foo`

Answer

`rpm -qi /usr/bin/foo`

Answer

`rpm -ql /usr/bin/foo`

Question 13

An administrator wants systemd-journald logs to persist across reboots. What must be created?

Accepted Answer

The directory /var/log/journal. By default, systemd-journald stores logs in a volatile tmpfs at /run/log/journal, which is cleared on reboot. To make logs persistent, the directory /var/log/journal must be created. When systemd-journald detects this directory exists, it automatically switches to persistent storage, writing logs to /var/log/journal and preserving them across reboots.

Answer

The directory /run/log/journal

Answer

The file /etc/journald.conf

Answer

The directory /var/spool/journal

Question 14

On a modern Linux system using systemd-networkd for interface management and systemd-resolved for DNS, which THREE files are typically involved in network configuration and DNS resolution?

Accepted Answer

/etc/systemd/network/10-static.network. On a modern Linux system using systemd-networkd, network interface configuration is defined in .network files within /etc/systemd/network/, such as 10-static.network (Option A). systemd-resolved manages DNS resolution and typically writes to /etc/resolv.conf (Option C) as a symlink to its own stub resolver. /etc/hosts (Option D) is a static host-to-IP mapping file that is consulted by the system's resolver before DNS queries, making it a standard part of DNS resolution. Together, these three files are directly involved in network configuration and DNS resolution under systemd.

Answer

/etc/network/interfaces

Answer

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Question 15

An Ubuntu 20.04 server needs a static IP address. The administrator has created a netplan YAML file at /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml. What is the next step to apply the configuration?

Accepted Answer

netplan apply. On Ubuntu 20.04, netplan is the default network configuration tool, and the correct command to apply changes from a YAML file in /etc/netplan/ is 'netplan apply'. This command parses the YAML, generates the appropriate backend configuration (systemd-networkd or NetworkManager), and applies it without requiring a reboot. It is the standard, supported method for activating static IP settings on modern Ubuntu systems.

Answer

ifconfig eth0 down; ifconfig eth0 up

Answer

service network-manager restart

Answer

systemctl restart networking

Question 16

Refer to the exhibit. After modifying /etc/default/grub to enable serial console output, which command must be run to apply the changes to the GRUB configuration?

Accepted Answer

update-grub. The correct command is `update-grub` (or its equivalent `grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg`). After modifying `/etc/default/grub`, you must regenerate the GRUB configuration file (`grub.cfg`) to incorporate the new serial console settings. `update-grub` is a wrapper that runs `grub-mkconfig` and writes the output to the correct location, applying the changes.

Answer

grub-editenv

Answer

grub-install

Answer

grub-set-default

Question 17

A technician needs to add the official Debian repository for the 'buster' release. Which line should be added to /etc/apt/sources.list?

Accepted Answer

`deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main`. It uses the standard 'deb' prefix for binary packages, points to the official Debian repository at http://deb.debian.org/debian, specifies the release codename 'buster', and includes the required component 'main'. This is the exact format required by APT to fetch packages for the Debian buster release.

Answer

`deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main`

Answer

`deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main`

Answer

`rpm http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main`

Question 18

A company is deploying a new web application and needs to ensure high availability. They have two web servers and want to use DNS round-robin. Which DNS record type is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A. DNS round-robin distributes traffic across multiple servers by returning multiple A records for a single hostname in a rotating order. An A record maps a hostname to an IPv4 address, so using multiple A records for the same name is the standard method for DNS-based load balancing. This allows each web server to be reached via its own IP address, enabling high availability without additional hardware or software.

Answer

MX

Answer

PTR

Answer

CNAME

Question 19

An administrator plans to back up the /home filesystem using dump. Which option to dump is required to perform a full backup?

Accepted Answer

-0. The dump utility uses dump levels (0-9) to control backup depth. A level 0 dump performs a full backup of the specified filesystem, copying all files regardless of modification time. This is the required option for a complete backup of /home.

Answer

-f /dev/st0

Answer

-u

Answer

-1

Question 20

A company runs a legacy application on a Linux server. The application fails to start after a reboot, claiming a 'cannot open shared object file' error. The system administrator checks the library path and finds that the required library is present in /usr/local/lib but the application cannot find it. The administrator has verified that the library file exists and is readable. Which of the following is the most likely cause and solution?

Accepted Answer

The library path is not in /etc/ld.so.conf; run ldconfig after adding it.. The dynamic linker/loader (ld.so) uses the cache file /etc/ld.so.cache to resolve shared library dependencies at runtime. Although the library exists in /usr/local/lib, that path is not listed in /etc/ld.so.conf (or a file included by it), so the linker never scans it. Running ldconfig rebuilds the cache and makes the library discoverable, which resolves the 'cannot open shared object file' error.

Answer

The library has insufficient execute permissions; add execute bit.

Answer

The application is setuid root and the library path is ignored; use $LD_LIBRARY_PATH.

Answer

The library is compiled for a different architecture; recompile the library.