LPIC-1 Practice Questions 2 — 50 Questions

Question 1

A system administrator needs to install a local Debian package file named 'myapp.deb'. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

dpkg -i myapp.deb. The correct command to install a local Debian package file is `dpkg -i myapp.deb`. The `dpkg` tool is the low-level package manager for Debian-based systems that directly handles `.deb` files, and the `-i` flag triggers installation. Unlike `apt-get` or `aptitude`, `dpkg` does not resolve dependencies automatically, but it is the proper tool for installing a standalone `.deb` file from disk.

Answer

rpm -ivh myapp.deb

Answer

aptitude install myapp.deb

Answer

apt-get install myapp.deb

Question 2

A system administrator needs to find out which package installed the file /usr/bin/foo on a Red Hat system. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

`rpm -qf /usr/bin/foo`. The `rpm -qf /usr/bin/foo` command queries the RPM database to determine which installed package owns the specified file. The `-f` (or `--file`) option tells RPM to search for the package that provided that file path, making it the correct choice for this task on a Red Hat system.

Answer

`rpm -qa /usr/bin/foo`

Answer

`rpm -qi /usr/bin/foo`

Answer

`rpm -ql /usr/bin/foo`

Question 3

An administrator wants systemd-journald logs to persist across reboots. What must be created?

Accepted Answer

The directory /var/log/journal. By default, systemd-journald stores logs in a volatile tmpfs at /run/log/journal, which is cleared on reboot. To make logs persistent, the directory /var/log/journal must be created. When systemd-journald detects this directory exists, it automatically switches to persistent storage, writing logs to /var/log/journal and preserving them across reboots.

Answer

The directory /run/log/journal

Answer

The file /etc/journald.conf

Answer

The directory /var/spool/journal

Question 4

On a modern Linux system using systemd-networkd for interface management and systemd-resolved for DNS, which THREE files are typically involved in network configuration and DNS resolution?

Accepted Answer

/etc/systemd/network/10-static.network. On a modern Linux system using systemd-networkd, network interface configuration is defined in .network files within /etc/systemd/network/, such as 10-static.network (Option A). systemd-resolved manages DNS resolution and typically writes to /etc/resolv.conf (Option C) as a symlink to its own stub resolver. /etc/hosts (Option D) is a static host-to-IP mapping file that is consulted by the system's resolver before DNS queries, making it a standard part of DNS resolution. Together, these three files are directly involved in network configuration and DNS resolution under systemd.

Answer

/etc/network/interfaces

Answer

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Question 5

An Ubuntu 20.04 server needs a static IP address. The administrator has created a netplan YAML file at /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml. What is the next step to apply the configuration?

Accepted Answer

netplan apply. On Ubuntu 20.04, netplan is the default network configuration tool, and the correct command to apply changes from a YAML file in /etc/netplan/ is 'netplan apply'. This command parses the YAML, generates the appropriate backend configuration (systemd-networkd or NetworkManager), and applies it without requiring a reboot. It is the standard, supported method for activating static IP settings on modern Ubuntu systems.

Answer

ifconfig eth0 down; ifconfig eth0 up

Answer

service network-manager restart

Answer

systemctl restart networking

Question 6

Refer to the exhibit. After modifying /etc/default/grub to enable serial console output, which command must be run to apply the changes to the GRUB configuration?

Accepted Answer

update-grub. The correct command is `update-grub` (or its equivalent `grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg`). After modifying `/etc/default/grub`, you must regenerate the GRUB configuration file (`grub.cfg`) to incorporate the new serial console settings. `update-grub` is a wrapper that runs `grub-mkconfig` and writes the output to the correct location, applying the changes.

Answer

grub-editenv

Answer

grub-install

Answer

grub-set-default

Question 7

A technician needs to add the official Debian repository for the 'buster' release. Which line should be added to /etc/apt/sources.list?

Accepted Answer

`deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main`. It uses the standard 'deb' prefix for binary packages, points to the official Debian repository at http://deb.debian.org/debian, specifies the release codename 'buster', and includes the required component 'main'. This is the exact format required by APT to fetch packages for the Debian buster release.

Answer

`deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main`

Answer

`deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main`

Answer

`rpm http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main`

Question 8

A company is deploying a new web application and needs to ensure high availability. They have two web servers and want to use DNS round-robin. Which DNS record type is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A. DNS round-robin distributes traffic across multiple servers by returning multiple A records for a single hostname in a rotating order. An A record maps a hostname to an IPv4 address, so using multiple A records for the same name is the standard method for DNS-based load balancing. This allows each web server to be reached via its own IP address, enabling high availability without additional hardware or software.

Answer

MX

Answer

PTR

Answer

CNAME

Question 9

An administrator plans to back up the /home filesystem using dump. Which option to dump is required to perform a full backup?

Accepted Answer

-0. The dump utility uses dump levels (0-9) to control backup depth. A level 0 dump performs a full backup of the specified filesystem, copying all files regardless of modification time. This is the required option for a complete backup of /home.

Answer

-f /dev/st0

Answer

-u

Answer

-1

Question 10

A company runs a legacy application on a Linux server. The application fails to start after a reboot, claiming a 'cannot open shared object file' error. The system administrator checks the library path and finds that the required library is present in /usr/local/lib but the application cannot find it. The administrator has verified that the library file exists and is readable. Which of the following is the most likely cause and solution?

Accepted Answer

The library path is not in /etc/ld.so.conf; run ldconfig after adding it.. The dynamic linker/loader (ld.so) uses the cache file /etc/ld.so.cache to resolve shared library dependencies at runtime. Although the library exists in /usr/local/lib, that path is not listed in /etc/ld.so.conf (or a file included by it), so the linker never scans it. Running ldconfig rebuilds the cache and makes the library discoverable, which resolves the 'cannot open shared object file' error.

Answer

The library has insufficient execute permissions; add execute bit.

Answer

The application is setuid root and the library path is ignored; use $LD_LIBRARY_PATH.

Answer

The library is compiled for a different architecture; recompile the library.

Question 11

Which TWO of the following commands can be used to replace text patterns in a file and output the result?

Accepted Answer

awk. Option A, awk, is correct because awk is a full text-processing language that supports substitution via the gsub() function (e.g., awk '{gsub(/old/,"new"); print}' file), which replaces matching patterns and prints the modified result to standard output. Option C, sed, is correct because sed is the classic stream editor whose s/// substitution command (e.g., sed 's/old/new/g' file) replaces text patterns and writes the transformed content to stdout without altering the original file. Option B, grep, is not correct because grep only searches for and prints lines matching a pattern; it does not replace text. Option D, tr, is not correct because tr translates or deletes individual characters rather than replacing multi-character text patterns. Option E, cut, is not correct because cut extracts selected fields or columns from each line and performs no substitution.

Answer

grep

Answer

tr

Answer

cut

Question 12

Refer to the exhibit. The system administrator sees that /var/log is 93% full and the syslog file is nearly 2 GB. What is the most appropriate immediate action to free up disk space without losing any critical log data?

Accepted Answer

Run 'logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.conf' to force log rotation.. 'logrotate -f' forces an immediate rotation of all log files as defined in /etc/logrotate.conf, which compresses or archives the current syslog file (e.g., syslog becomes syslog.1) and creates a fresh empty log file. This frees disk space without deleting any data, as the rotated logs remain on disk until the configured retention policy removes them. It is the standard, safe immediate action for a nearly full /var/log partition.

Answer

Increase the size of the /var/log partition using lvextend.

Answer

Delete /var/log/syslog and restart the syslog daemon.

Answer

Move /var/log/syslog to /tmp and create a symbolic link.

Question 13

A directory contains files with spaces and special characters in their names. An administrator wants to delete all files older than 30 days using find and xargs. Which command is safe?

Accepted Answer

find /path -type f -mtime +30 -print0 | xargs -0 rm. It uses `-print0` with `find` to output null-delimited filenames, and `xargs -0` to process them safely. This handles spaces, newlines, and special characters in filenames without word-splitting or shell interpretation, ensuring all matching files older than 30 days are deleted reliably.

Answer

find /path -type f -mtime +30 -delete

Answer

find /path -type f -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;

Answer

find /path -type f -mtime +30 | xargs rm

Question 14

A Linux administrator is troubleshooting a package dependency issue. When attempting to install package 'foo', the package manager reports a missing dependency 'libbar.so.2'. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

Use 'apt-file search libbar.so.2' or 'dnf provides libbar.so.2' to find the package that contains the file. The error indicates that the file 'libbar.so.2' is missing from the system. The most appropriate next step is to identify which package provides this file, so that it can be installed to satisfy the dependency. On Debian-based systems, 'apt-file search' queries the package repository metadata to find the package containing a specific file; on Red Hat-based systems, 'dnf provides' performs the same function. This targeted search is the correct first troubleshooting step before any installation or library cache update.

Answer

Run 'ldconfig' to update the library cache

Answer

Reinstall the 'foo' package using 'rpm -i --force foo.rpm'

Answer

Run 'rpm -q --whatrequires libbar.so.2'

Question 15

Which directory contains information about hardware devices in a hierarchical structure, such as PCI devices and USB devices?

Accepted Answer

/sys. The /sys directory (sysfs) is a virtual filesystem that exports information about hardware devices, drivers, and kernel objects in a hierarchical structure. It organizes devices by their bus type (e.g., PCI, USB) and provides detailed attributes such as vendor IDs, device IDs, and power management states, making it the correct location for querying hardware topology.

Answer

/dev

Answer

/etc

Answer

/proc

Question 16

Which TWO of the following are true about the /proc filesystem?

Accepted Answer

It is a pseudo-filesystem that contains runtime system information.. Option C is correct because /proc is a pseudo-filesystem (a virtual, kernel-generated filesystem) that exposes runtime system and process information such as /proc/cpuinfo, /proc/meminfo, and per-process directories like /proc/PID, rather than storing real data blocks on disk. Option E is correct because /proc is typically mounted automatically at boot time, commonly via an entry like 'proc /proc proc defaults 0 0' in /etc/fstab or by systemd, since many tools and the kernel expect it to be present early in the boot process. Option A is incorrect because /proc is not formatted with ext4 or any on-disk filesystem; it has no persistent backing store. Option B is incorrect because /proc is not a network filesystem like NFS or CIFS; it is a kernel-internal virtual filesystem. Option D is incorrect because /proc does not store persistent configuration data—it reflects transient kernel and process state, and changes are lost on reboot.

Answer

It is formatted with the ext4 filesystem.

Answer

It is a network filesystem.

Answer

It is used to store persistent configuration data.

Question 17

A system administrator needs to check if a filesystem has any errors without actually performing a repair. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

fsck -n /dev/sdb1. The `-n` option with `fsck` performs a read-only check, displaying any filesystem errors without making any modifications or repairs. This is the correct choice for a non-destructive check that only reports issues.

Answer

fsck -y /dev/sdb1

Answer

fsck -N /dev/sdb1

Answer

e2fsck -p /dev/sdb1

Question 18

Which command can be used to check whether a specific kernel module is currently loaded?

Accepted Answer

lsmod | grep <module>. `lsmod` lists all currently loaded kernel modules by reading the `/proc/modules` file, and piping its output through `grep` filters for the specific module name. This directly shows whether the module is loaded in the running kernel, which is the exact requirement of the question.

Answer

modinfo <module>

Answer

depmod -a

Answer

insmod <module>

Question 19

Which TWO commands can display the UUID of block devices?

Accepted Answer

blkid. Option A, blkid, is correct because it directly queries block-device metadata and prints each device's UUID (along with TYPE and LABEL) by reading the filesystem superblock, e.g. /dev/sda1: UUID="..." TYPE="ext4". Option B, lsblk -f, is correct because the -f (--fs) flag adds filesystem information columns including UUID, FSTYPE, LABEL, and mountpoint for each block device in a tree view. Option C, df -T, only reports filesystem type, size, and usage per mountpoint, not UUIDs. Option D, fdisk -l, lists partition tables, sizes, and types but does not display filesystem UUIDs. Option E, parted /dev/sda print, shows the partition table, geometry, and partition types, but not filesystem UUIDs.

Answer

df -T

Answer

fdisk -l

Answer

parted /dev/sda print

Question 20

A company runs a web server using Apache with multiple virtual hosts. The administrator needs to restrict access to a specific virtual host based on the client IP address. Which configuration directive should be placed inside the <VirtualHost> block to deny IP 192.168.1.100?

Accepted Answer

Require not ip 192.168.1.100. In Apache 2.4 and later, access control is managed using the `Require` directive with the `not` modifier to deny specific IP addresses. Placing `Require not ip 192.168.1.100` inside the `<VirtualHost>` block will deny access to that IP while allowing all others, as the default behavior is to require all IPs unless a `Require` directive explicitly grants access.

Answer

Require host 192.168.1.100

Answer

Deny from 192.168.1.100

Answer

Require valid-user