220-1202 Linux Commands and File Permissions Practice Question
This 220-1202 practice question tests your understanding of linux commands and file permissions. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
During a forensic investigation, an analyst needs to list all files in a directory that have been modified in the last 24 hours, including hidden files, and display the results with full path and timestamp. Which command should they use?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue: "which command"
Why it matters: Tests specific CLI syntax. Recall the exact command and its required context — near-synonyms and partial matches are common distractors.
Why wrong: This approach is inefficient and relies on grepping a specific date, which may not work if the date format differs or if files were modified today but not yesterday.
B
find . -mtime -1 -ls
This finds files modified within the last 24 hours and uses -ls to show full details including path and timestamp.
C
stat * .* | grep Modify
Why wrong: The stat command shows modification time but does not filter by time range; it also may not handle hidden files correctly with the wildcard.
D
find . -newer /tmp/ref -ls
Why wrong: This requires creating a reference file with a specific timestamp, which is an extra step and not as direct as -mtime.
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
find . -mtime -1 -ls
The find command with -mtime -1 finds files modified less than 1 day ago, and -ls displays detailed information including full path and timestamp. This is efficient for forensic searches.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
ls -laR --time-style=full-iso | grep '2025-03-21'
Why it's wrong here
This approach is inefficient and relies on grepping a specific date, which may not work if the date format differs or if files were modified today but not yesterday.
✓
find . -mtime -1 -ls
Why this is correct
This finds files modified within the last 24 hours and uses -ls to show full details including path and timestamp.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "which command" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
stat * .* | grep Modify
Why it's wrong here
The stat command shows modification time but does not filter by time range; it also may not handle hidden files correctly with the wildcard.
✗
find . -newer /tmp/ref -ls
Why it's wrong here
This requires creating a reference file with a specific timestamp, which is an extra step and not as direct as -mtime.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Trap categories for this question
Command / output trap
The stat command shows modification time but does not filter by time range; it also may not handle hidden files correctly with the wildcard.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this 220-1202 question in full detail.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related 220-1202 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Linux Commands and File Permissions — This question tests Linux Commands and File Permissions — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: find . -mtime -1 -ls — The find command with -mtime -1 finds files modified less than 1 day ago, and -ls displays detailed information including full path and timestamp. This is efficient for forensic searches.
What should I do if I get this 220-1202 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related 220-1202 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "which command". Tests specific CLI syntax. Recall the exact command and its required context — near-synonyms and partial matches are common distractors.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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