LPIC-1 Practice Test 8 — 10 Questions

Question 1

Which TWO of the following are valid methods to list currently loaded kernel modules?

Accepted Answer

lsmod. Lsmod reads /proc/modules and prints the currently loaded kernel modules along with their size and usage count, making it the standard tool for this task. Option D (cat /proc/modules) is also correct because /proc/modules is the kernel-provided virtual file that lists all loaded modules, so displaying it directly shows the same information lsmod parses. Option A (dmesg | grep module) only filters kernel ring-buffer log messages and does not enumerate loaded modules. Option C (modprobe -l) lists available module files on disk rather than loaded modules, and the -l option is deprecated/removed in modern kmod. Option E (modinfo) displays metadata about a specific module file or name, not a list of currently loaded modules.

Answer

dmesg | grep module

Answer

modprobe -l

Answer

modinfo

Question 2

Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded about the cron daemon based on this systemctl output?

Accepted Answer

It is running and will start automatically at system boot.. The systemctl output shows 'Loaded: loaded' and 'Active: active (running)' for the cron daemon, which indicates it is currently running. Additionally, the 'enabled' status in the 'Loaded' line means the service is configured to start automatically at system boot. Therefore, option D is correct.

Answer

It is stopped.

Answer

It is enabled but not currently running.

Answer

It has failed recently.

Question 3

A server configured with UEFI firmware and GPT partitioning fails to boot after a GRUB package update. The administrator suspects the bootloader is not correctly installed. Which command should be used to reinstall GRUB to the EFI system partition?

Accepted Answer

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi. On a UEFI-based system with GPT partitioning, GRUB must be installed as an EFI application to the EFI System Partition (ESP). The `--target=x86_64-efi` flag specifies the EFI firmware target, and `--efi-directory=/boot/efi` points to the mount point of the ESP, ensuring the bootloader files (e.g., `grubx64.efi`) are placed in the correct EFI directory (e.g., `/boot/efi/EFI/GRUB/`).

Answer

grub2-install /dev/sda1

Answer

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Answer

grub-install /dev/sda

Question 4

Which directory contains the kernel modules for the currently running kernel?

Accepted Answer

/lib/modules/$(uname -r). The kernel modules for the currently running kernel are stored in /lib/modules/$(uname -r). The uname -r command returns the exact kernel release version, and the corresponding directory contains all loadable kernel modules (.ko files) compiled for that specific kernel. This is the standard location used by the kernel and tools like modprobe and insmod to locate and load modules.

Answer

/boot

Answer

/etc/modprobe.d

Answer

/usr/src

Question 5

Match each Linux runlevel to its typical description.

Accepted Answer

runlevel 0: Halt. Standard SysV init runlevels: 0 (halt), 1 (single-user), 3 (multi-user with network), 5 (graphical multi-user), 6 (reboot). Common confusions involve swapping definitions between runlevels 3 and 5.

Answer

runlevel 3: Graphical multi-user mode

Answer

runlevel 5: Multi-user mode with network

Question 6

A technician needs to output only the kernel release number. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

uname -r. The `uname -r` command specifically prints the kernel release number (e.g., '5.10.0-28-amd64') by querying the `utsname` system call. This is the standard, portable way to retrieve only the kernel release string without additional system information.

Answer

cat /proc/version

Answer

dmesg | head -1

Answer

lsmod

Question 7

An administrator needs to restart the SSH service after a configuration change. Which TWO commands can accomplish this on a systemd-based system?

Accepted Answer

systemctl restart sshd. Option C, systemctl restart sshd, is correct because systemctl is the native control utility for systemd, and 'restart' stops and starts the sshd unit in one operation, applying the new configuration. Option D, service sshd restart, is also correct because the service wrapper script on systemd-based distributions translates the request into the appropriate systemctl restart sshd call, so it works on such systems. Option A, initctl restart sshd, belongs to Upstart and is not the systemd interface. Option B, rc.d restart sshd, is not a valid command form for the BSD-style rc.d mechanism. Option E, /etc/init.d/sshd restart, invokes a legacy SysV init script directly, which may exist for compatibility but is not the systemd method and is not guaranteed to be present or functional.

Answer

initctl restart sshd

Answer

rc.d restart sshd

Answer

/etc/init.d/sshd restart

Question 8

During boot, a server loads the wrong kernel. Which file should the administrator modify to change the default kernel in a standard GRUB 2 configuration?

Accepted Answer

/etc/default/grub. In a standard GRUB 2 configuration, the default kernel is selected by setting the GRUB_DEFAULT variable in /etc/default/grub. After modifying this file, the administrator must run update-grub (or grub-mkconfig) to regenerate the /boot/grub/grub.cfg file, which is the actual configuration read by the bootloader. This two-step process separates user-facing settings from the bootloader's runtime configuration.

Answer

/boot/grub/grub.conf

Answer

/etc/grub.d/

Answer

/boot/grub/grub.cfg

Question 9

A system administrator notices that the system's syslog messages are not being written to /var/log/messages. The rsyslog service is running. The administrator wants to check the configuration syntax of rsyslog. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

rsyslogd -N. The correct command is `rsyslogd -N` because the `-N` option performs a configuration syntax check without starting or restarting the rsyslog daemon. This allows the administrator to validate the rsyslog configuration file for errors before applying changes, ensuring that syslog messages will be written correctly to /var/log/messages.

Answer

rsyslogd -d

Answer

rsyslogd -f

Answer

rsyslogd -v

Question 10

A technician is repairing a system and needs to mount the root filesystem from a different disk to /mnt/sysroot. The partition is /dev/sda2 with an ext4 filesystem. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/sysroot. The `mount` command with the device and mount point as arguments automatically detects the filesystem type (e.g., ext4) and mounts the partition at the specified directory. This is the standard way to mount a root filesystem from a different disk for repair purposes.

Answer

mount -o loop /dev/sda2 /mnt/sysroot

Answer

mount -a

Answer

mount -t ext4 /dev/sda2 /mnt