The correct approaches are `Files.write(Paths.get("out.txt"), lines, StandardOpenOption.CREATE)` and `new FileWriter("out.txt", true).write("text")`. The `Files.write` method from the `java.nio.file` package is a modern, convenient utility that accepts a `Path`, a `Collection` of lines, and optional `OpenOption` enums like `StandardOpenOption.CREATE` to create the file if it doesn't exist. The `FileWriter` constructor with a `true` second argument opens the file in append mode, and its `write(String)` method directly writes character data, making it a classic but still valid approach from the `java.io` package. On the Oracle Certified Professional Java SE 17 Developer 1Z0-829 exam, this question tests your ability to distinguish between the older `Writer` API and the newer `NIO.2` API for writing text data to files. A common trap is forgetting that `Files.write` requires a `Collection` (like `List<String>`) rather than a single `String`, or confusing `StandardOpenOption.CREATE` with `StandardOpenOption.CREATE_NEW`. Memory tip: think "NIO for bulk, IO for single" — `Files.write` handles collections efficiently, while `FileWriter` is best for appending one string at a time.
1Z0-829 Java I/O API and Securing Applications Practice Question
This 1Z0-829 practice question tests your understanding of java i/o api and securing applications. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Which TWO approaches are valid for writing text data to a file in Java? (Choose two.)
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
new FileWriter("out.txt", true).write(text)
Option C is correct because `FileWriter` with the `true` argument opens the file in append mode, and its `write(String)` method directly writes the text to the file. This is a straightforward, valid approach for writing character data to a file using the Writer API.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
new FileOutputStream("out.txt").write(text.getBytes())
Why it's wrong here
Writes raw bytes; not character-encoded automatically.
✗
new RandomAccessFile("out.txt", "rw").writeUTF(text)
Why it's wrong here
Writes modified UTF-8; not typical text writing.
✓
new FileWriter("out.txt", true).write(text)
Why this is correct
Writes characters with append mode; proper for text.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse `PrintWriter` with `FileWriter` and assume `PrintWriter` automatically flushes or appends, but it does not unless explicitly configured (e.g., with `autoFlush=true` or using `FileWriter` as the underlying stream).
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Under the hood, `Files.write(Path, Iterable, OpenOption...)` from the NIO.2 API (Option E) uses a buffered channel internally and handles character encoding via the default charset (or a specified one), making it both efficient and safe for writing text. The `FileWriter` (Option C) wraps a `FileOutputStream` with a default charset encoder, but it does not buffer output, so for large writes it is less performant than the NIO approach. A real-world scenario: when writing logs, using `Files.write` with `StandardOpenOption.APPEND` is preferred over `FileWriter` because it provides better control over file locking and encoding.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
→Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
→Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
Java I/O API and Securing Applications — This question tests Java I/O API and Securing Applications — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: new FileWriter("out.txt", true).write(text) — Option C is correct because `FileWriter` with the `true` argument opens the file in append mode, and its `write(String)` method directly writes the text to the file. This is a straightforward, valid approach for writing character data to a file using the Writer API.
What should I do if I get this 1Z0-829 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Question Discussion
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