MS-102 Practice Question: Manage security and threats by using Microsoft Defender XDR
Your organization uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps. You need to be alerted when a user accesses a cloud app from an anonymous IP address. Which type of policy should you create?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
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Activity policy
An activity policy in Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps can detect access from anonymous IP addresses by monitoring user activities. Option A is incorrect because a session policy controls user sessions in real-time but does not specifically alert on anonymous IP access. Option B is incorrect because a file policy focuses on monitoring and protecting files, not on access from anonymous IPs. Option D is incorrect because an app discovery policy is used to discover shadow IT and unsanctioned apps, not to alert on anonymous IP access.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
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Session policy
Why it's wrong here
Session policies govern in-session actions such as blocking downloads or DLP inspection for already-connected apps; they do not trigger on anonymous IP sign-in. Anomaly detection policies evaluate user activity against risk factors like anonymous proxies. Session control is correct when you must restrict what a user does inside a sanctioned app, not flag how they connected.
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File policy
Why it's wrong here
File policies govern data at rest, applying DLP, encryption or access controls to files in connected cloud apps. Anonymous IP access is a user-session behaviour, so an activity policy is required to alert on it.
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Activity policy
Why this is correct
Activity policies in Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps inspect user activity events and raise alerts on matching conditions. Configuring one with an anonymous IP filter detects access from anonymising proxies or Tor, satisfying the stem's requirement to alert on anonymous IP access.
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App discovery policy
Why it's wrong here
App discovery policies log shadow IT by parsing traffic logs for unsanctioned apps, so they never evaluate the sign-in source of a sanctioned app. Anonymous IP access is detected by an anomaly detection policy, which flags impossible travel, leaked credentials and anonymous proxies. App discovery would be right when cataloguing unknown cloud services.
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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This MS-102 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the MS-102 exam.