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Manage security and threats by using Microsoft Defender XDR →mediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The answer is that another policy with a higher priority is allowing the traffic. In Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps, network policies are evaluated in order of priority, where a lower numerical value indicates higher precedence; if a policy with a higher priority (e.g., priority 1) permits traffic from a specific IP like 185.220.101.5, it will override a lower-priority blocking policy, even if that blocking policy correctly targets Tor exit nodes. This scenario tests your understanding of policy evaluation order in the MS-102 exam, a common trap where candidates focus on the policy’s conditions—such as the IP range, action, or protocol—while overlooking that priority dictates which rule wins in a conflict. A key memory tip is “lower number, higher power”—always check the priority number first when a policy seems to fail, as a higher-priority allow rule silently bypasses your block.

MS-102 Practice Question: Manage security and threats by using Microsoft Defender XDR

This MS-102 practice question tests your understanding of manage security and threats by using microsoft defender xdr. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.
```json
{
  "properties": {
    "displayName": "Block Tor IPs",
    "priority": 100,
    "policyOrder": 0,
    "rules": [
      {
        "displayName": "Tor Exit Nodes",
        "action": "AlertAndBlock",
        "conditions": {
          "sourceAddresses": ["185.220.101.0/24", "185.220.102.0/24"],
          "protocols": ["Any"]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
```

You are configuring a network security policy in Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps. The exhibit shows a policy to block traffic from known Tor exit nodes. However, the policy is not blocking traffic from IP 185.220.101.5. What is the most likely reason?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

  • Clue: "most likely"

    Why it matters: Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.

Question 1mediummultiple choice
Full question →

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.
```json
{
  "properties": {
    "displayName": "Block Tor IPs",
    "priority": 100,
    "policyOrder": 0,
    "rules": [
      {
        "displayName": "Tor Exit Nodes",
        "action": "AlertAndBlock",
        "conditions": {
          "sourceAddresses": ["185.220.101.0/24", "185.220.102.0/24"],
          "protocols": ["Any"]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
```

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Another policy with a higher priority is allowing the traffic.

Option D is correct because the policy order must be set to a higher priority (lower number) to be evaluated first. Option A is wrong because the IP is within the range. Option B is wrong because the action is AlertAndBlock. Option C is wrong because the protocol is Any. Option E is wrong because the source address condition is correct.

Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✗

    The action is set to Alert only, not block.

    Why it's wrong here

    Action is AlertAndBlock.

  • ✗

    The IP address is not in the specified subnet.

    Why it's wrong here

    185.220.101.5 is in 185.220.101.0/24.

  • ✗

    The protocol condition is too restrictive.

    Why it's wrong here

    Protocol is set to Any.

  • ✗

    The source address condition is missing a wildcard.

    Why it's wrong here

    CIDR notation is correct.

  • ✓

    Another policy with a higher priority is allowing the traffic.

    Why this is correct

    A policy with lower priority number (higher priority) may be allowing.

    Clue confirmation

    The clue word "most likely" in the question point toward this answer.

    Related concept

    CIDR notation defines the prefix length.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses

Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
  • Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
  • Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
  • The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.

TExam Day Tips

  • Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
  • Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
  • Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.

Key takeaway

Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A healthcare organisation deploys an application with a public-facing web tier and a private database tier. The database subnet has no public IP and only accepts connections from the web tier's security group. Questions like this test whether you can design cloud network isolation using VNets/VPCs, subnets, and security group rules.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related MS-102 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this MS-102 question test?

Manage security and threats by using Microsoft Defender XDR — This question tests Manage security and threats by using Microsoft Defender XDR — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Another policy with a higher priority is allowing the traffic. — Option D is correct because the policy order must be set to a higher priority (lower number) to be evaluated first. Option A is wrong because the IP is within the range. Option B is wrong because the action is AlertAndBlock. Option C is wrong because the protocol is Any. Option E is wrong because the source address condition is correct.

What should I do if I get this MS-102 question wrong?

Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related MS-102 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "most likely". Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.

What is the key concept behind this question?

CIDR notation defines the prefix length.

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Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026

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