- A
Create two Conditional Access policies: one for the high-risk countries requiring MFA and device compliance, and another for all other locations requiring only MFA
Correct. Separate policies allow different grant controls for different location conditions.
- B
Create a single Conditional Access policy that includes both conditions (locations) and grant controls (MFA and device compliance) with an 'OR' operator
Why wrong: Incorrect. An OR operator would apply the grant controls to any location that matches either condition, not differentiating the controls.
- C
Use Azure AD Identity Protection to automatically evaluate location risk, and let Conditional Access apply the same policy to all users
Why wrong: Incorrect. Identity Protection can detect sign-in risk, but the requirement is based on known country location, not real-time risk.
- D
Configure a single Conditional Access policy with multiple location conditions and multiple grant controls using an 'AND' operator
Why wrong: Incorrect. AND operator would require both conditions to be true, which is not possible because a user cannot be in two countries simultaneously.
Quick Answer
The answer is to create two separate Conditional Access policies: one for high-risk countries requiring both MFA and device compliance, and another for all other locations requiring only MFA. This works because Conditional Access policies are evaluated independently for each sign-in event, allowing you to target specific location conditions with distinct grant controls without overlap or conflict. On the MS-102 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of policy isolation and the order of evaluation—a common trap is trying to use a single policy with exclusion clauses, which can lead to unintended enforcement gaps. Remember that when you have a conditional access policy for multiple locations with different requirements, the key is to split the logic by location group rather than by user. A useful memory tip is “one policy per requirement set”—if the location changes the required controls, create a separate policy for that location.
MS-102 Practice Question: Implement and manage identity and access in Microsoft Entra ID
This MS-102 practice question tests your understanding of implement and manage identity and access in microsoft entra id. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company uses Azure AD Conditional Access to enforce MFA for all cloud apps. They have some users who are physically located in countries that are considered high-risk by the security team. The team wants to require device compliance (as defined by Intune) for sign-ins from those specific countries, while still requiring MFA from all other locations. How should the administrator configure the Conditional Access policy?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create two Conditional Access policies: one for the high-risk countries requiring MFA and device compliance, and another for all other locations requiring only MFA
Option A is correct because Conditional Access policies are evaluated independently, and each policy can target specific conditions with distinct grant controls. By creating two separate policies—one for high-risk countries requiring both MFA and device compliance, and another for all other locations requiring only MFA—the administrator can enforce the exact requirements per location group. This approach avoids conflicts and ensures that users in high-risk countries are subject to stricter controls while others are not.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Create two Conditional Access policies: one for the high-risk countries requiring MFA and device compliance, and another for all other locations requiring only MFA
Why this is correct
Correct. Separate policies allow different grant controls for different location conditions.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Create a single Conditional Access policy that includes both conditions (locations) and grant controls (MFA and device compliance) with an 'OR' operator
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. An OR operator would apply the grant controls to any location that matches either condition, not differentiating the controls.
- ✗
Use Azure AD Identity Protection to automatically evaluate location risk, and let Conditional Access apply the same policy to all users
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. Identity Protection can detect sign-in risk, but the requirement is based on known country location, not real-time risk.
- ✗
Configure a single Conditional Access policy with multiple location conditions and multiple grant controls using an 'AND' operator
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. AND operator would require both conditions to be true, which is not possible because a user cannot be in two countries simultaneously.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often think a single policy can combine multiple location conditions with an 'AND' operator, but Conditional Access treats multiple locations within one policy as an 'OR' condition, making it impossible to enforce different grant controls for different location groups in one policy.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Conditional Access policies are evaluated as a set of independent rules; when multiple policies apply, all grant controls must be satisfied (effectively an 'AND' across policies). The 'Locations' condition uses named locations (defined by IP ranges or country codes) and can be included or excluded per policy. Device compliance is enforced via Intune's compliance policies, which require the device to be enrolled and compliant before access is granted; this is checked during token issuance.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this MS-102 question test?
Implement and manage identity and access in Microsoft Entra ID — This question tests Implement and manage identity and access in Microsoft Entra ID — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create two Conditional Access policies: one for the high-risk countries requiring MFA and device compliance, and another for all other locations requiring only MFA — Option A is correct because Conditional Access policies are evaluated independently, and each policy can target specific conditions with distinct grant controls. By creating two separate policies—one for high-risk countries requiring both MFA and device compliance, and another for all other locations requiring only MFA—the administrator can enforce the exact requirements per location group. This approach avoids conflicts and ensures that users in high-risk countries are subject to stricter controls while others are not.
What should I do if I get this MS-102 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
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Same concept, more angles
1 more ways this is tested on MS-102
These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. A company wants to require MFA for all users when they access Office 365 from any network location that is not the company's trusted IP ranges. Which Conditional Access policy configuration should be applied?
medium- ✓ A.A: Include all users, exclude none, grant access require MFA with condition 'Location not in trusted locations'.
- B.B: Include all users, exclude none, block access with condition 'Location not in trusted locations'.
- C.C: Include all users, exclude trusted locations as a group, grant access require MFA.
- D.D: Include all users, exclude all locations, grant access require MFA.
Why A: Option A correctly configures a Conditional Access policy that targets all users and applies the 'Require MFA' grant control when the location condition is set to 'Any location' except the company's trusted IP ranges. This ensures MFA is enforced for all access attempts originating from outside the trusted network, meeting the requirement precisely.
Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
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