Question 1,045 of 1,546
Security and CompliancemediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

How to Encrypt Traffic Between ALB and EC2 Instances Using HTTPS Target Group

This SOA-C02 practice question tests your understanding of security and compliance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. A key principle to apply: target Group Protocol. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A company runs a web application on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application stores sensitive user data in an S3 bucket. The security team requires that traffic between the ALB and the EC2 instances be encrypted, and that the EC2 instances only accept traffic from the ALB. Currently, the ALB terminates HTTPS and forwards HTTP to the instances. The SysOps administrator needs to implement the required security controls. Which solution should the administrator implement?

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Configure the target group to use HTTPS protocol, install a TLS certificate on the EC2 instances, and update the security group on the instances to allow inbound traffic only from the ALB's security group.

Option D is correct because configuring the target group to use HTTPS ensures encryption between ALB and instances, and updating the security group to allow traffic only from the ALB's security group restricts access to only the ALB. Option A is incorrect because Global Accelerator does not directly encrypt traffic between ALB and instances and adds unnecessary complexity. Option B is incorrect because network ACLs are stateless and not suitable for this requirement; also, installing certificates via ACM on instances is not straightforward. Option C is incorrect because S3 VPC endpoint is for S3 access, not for encrypting ALB-to-instance traffic.

Key principle: Target Group Protocol

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Use an AWS Global Accelerator to route traffic to the instances and enable encryption.

    Why it's wrong here

    Global Accelerator does not encrypt traffic between ALB and instances.

  • Create a network ACL that allows inbound HTTPS traffic from the ALB subnet and outbound HTTPS responses. Use AWS Certificate Manager to install a certificate on the instances.

    Why it's wrong here

    Network ACLs are stateless; security groups are more appropriate. Also, ACM cannot install certificates on instances directly.

  • Enable S3 VPC endpoint and configure the ALB to forward traffic to the instance via the endpoint.

    Why it's wrong here

    This does not address encryption between ALB and instances.

  • Configure the target group to use HTTPS protocol, install a TLS certificate on the EC2 instances, and update the security group on the instances to allow inbound traffic only from the ALB's security group.

    Why this is correct

    This ensures encryption and restricts traffic source.

    Related concept

    Target Group Protocol

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

A common trap is to think that using a network ACL or a VPC endpoint can solve the encryption and access restriction requirements, but the correct approach is to use HTTPS on the target group and security group referencing.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Treat this as a scenario question. Identify the problem, the constraint, and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Target Group Protocol
  • Security Group Reference
  • HTTPS Listener
  • TLS Certificate

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Target Group Protocol

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.

Quick reference

AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison

Storage ClassMin DurationRetrievalUse Case
S3 StandardNoneImmediateFrequently accessed data
S3 Standard-IA30 daysImmediateInfrequent access, rapid retrieval
S3 One Zone-IA30 daysImmediateNon-critical infrequent data
S3 Intelligent-TieringNoneImmediate–hoursUnknown or changing access patterns
S3 Glacier Instant90 daysMillisecondsArchive with instant retrieval
S3 Glacier Flexible90 daysMinutes–hoursArchive, flexible retrieval
S3 Glacier Deep Archive180 daysHoursLong-term compliance archive

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review target Group Protocol, then practise related SOA-C02 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this SOA-C02 question test?

Security and Compliance — This question tests Security and Compliance — Target Group Protocol.

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Configure the target group to use HTTPS protocol, install a TLS certificate on the EC2 instances, and update the security group on the instances to allow inbound traffic only from the ALB's security group. — Option D is correct because configuring the target group to use HTTPS ensures encryption between ALB and instances, and updating the security group to allow traffic only from the ALB's security group restricts access to only the ALB. Option A is incorrect because Global Accelerator does not directly encrypt traffic between ALB and instances and adds unnecessary complexity. Option B is incorrect because network ACLs are stateless and not suitable for this requirement; also, installing certificates via ACM on instances is not straightforward. Option C is incorrect because S3 VPC endpoint is for S3 access, not for encrypting ALB-to-instance traffic.

What should I do if I get this SOA-C02 question wrong?

Review target Group Protocol, then practise related SOA-C02 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Target Group Protocol

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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026

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This SOA-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SOA-C02 exam.