LPIC-1 Multiple Select — 60 Questions

Question 1

Which TWO commands can be used to display the current runlevel of a SysV init system?

Accepted Answer

who -r. The `who -r` command displays the current runlevel and the time it was last changed, making it a valid way to check the runlevel in a SysV init system. The `runlevel` command directly outputs the previous and current runlevel, which is the standard tool for this purpose.

Answer

init 3

Answer

telinit

Answer

systemctl get-default

Question 2

Which TWO commands can be used to display information about the CPU(s) in a Linux system? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

cat /proc/cpuinfo. Options D and E are both correct. `cat /proc/cpuinfo` reads the virtual file /proc/cpuinfo which the kernel populates with detailed CPU information for each core, such as model name, cache size, and flags. `lscpu` is a utility that collects CPU information from /proc/cpuinfo and sysfs, presenting it in a human-readable tabular format. Both commands are standard on Linux for displaying CPU details.

Answer

uname -m

Answer

lsusb

Answer

cpufreq-info

Question 3

Which TWO tools can be used to query DNS records? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

nslookup. A is correct because nslookup is a classic DNS query tool that sends DNS queries to name servers to resolve domain names to IP addresses or vice versa. It directly queries DNS records (A, AAAA, MX, CNAME, etc.) using the DNS protocol (UDP/TCP port 53).

Answer

ss

Answer

ping

Answer

traceroute

Question 4

Which two commands can be used to send a test email from the command line to verify SMTP functionality? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

mail -s test user@example.com. The `mail` command (option C) sends an email via the local MTA, directly testing SMTP delivery. The `sendmail` command (option D) with a piped message also invokes the MTA to deliver the email, verifying SMTP functionality. Both commands rely on the system's configured MTA to handle SMTP communication.

Answer

telnet localhost 25

Answer

mutt -s test user@example.com

Answer

sendmail -bv user@example.com

Question 5

Which THREE statements are true about the sed command?

Accepted Answer

sed -i 's/foo/bar/g' file.txt replaces all occurrences of foo with bar in the file.. The `-i` flag in sed enables in-place editing, directly modifying the file rather than just outputting changes to stdout. The substitution command `'s/foo/bar/g'` replaces all occurrences of `foo` with `bar` globally on each line, and with `-i`, the changes are written back to the file.

Answer

sed 's/old/new/g' file.txt permanently changes the file.

Answer

sed uses extended regular expressions by default.

Question 6

Which TWO commands can be used to display the current firewall rules in a system using nftables? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

nft list ruleset. `nft list ruleset` is the primary command in nftables to display the entire ruleset, including all tables, chains, and rules, regardless of the address family. Option D is also correct because `nft list table inet filter` specifically displays the rules within the 'filter' table of the 'inet' family, which is a valid way to show a subset of the firewall rules. Both commands rely on the nftables framework, which is the modern replacement for iptables on Linux.

Answer

systemctl status nftables

Answer

iptables -L -n

Answer

firewall-cmd --list-all

Question 7

Which THREE of the following are correct features of the 'grep' command? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

-i makes the search case-insensitive. The `-i` flag in `grep` performs case-insensitive matching, so patterns like 'error' will match 'Error', 'ERROR', etc. This is a common requirement when searching log files where case may vary.

Answer

-l prints line numbers of matches

Answer

-r enables regular expression matching

Question 8

Which three options are valid ways to install a package 'curl' on a RHEL 8 system? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

`dnf install curl`. `dnf` is the default package manager on RHEL 8, replacing `yum` for handling RPM packages with automatic dependency resolution. It directly installs the `curl` package from configured repositories.

Answer

`apt-get install curl`

Answer

`zypper install curl`

Question 9

Which TWO commands are used to install packages on a Debian-based system? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

apt-get install. B is correct because `apt-get install` is the standard command-line tool for installing packages from Debian repositories, handling dependencies automatically. C is correct because `dpkg -i` installs a local `.deb` package file directly, though it does not resolve dependencies.

Answer

pacman -S

Answer

rpm -i

Answer

yum install

Question 10

Which TWO of the following are Debian package management tools?

Accepted Answer

dpkg. B is correct because dpkg is the core low-level package manager for Debian-based systems, handling installation, removal, and querying of .deb packages directly. D is correct because apt (Advanced Package Tool) is the high-level package management tool that resolves dependencies and retrieves packages from repositories, built on top of dpkg.

Answer

yum

Answer

rpm

Answer

zypper

Question 11

Which THREE of the following directories are defined in the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) and are expected to exist on a typical Linux system?

Accepted Answer

/run. B is correct because /run is a tmpfs directory defined in FHS 3.0+ that stores volatile runtime data (e.g., PID files, Unix sockets) since boot. It replaced /var/run to ensure early-boot processes have a writable location before /var is mounted.

Answer

/net

Answer

/opt

Question 12

Which TWO of the following are valid methods to run a shell script named 'script.sh' using the bash shell, assuming the script has execute permission? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

./script.sh. './script.sh' explicitly invokes the script using the current shell's shebang interpreter (e.g., #!/bin/bash) and requires execute permission. Option E is correct because 'bash script.sh' runs the script as an argument to the bash interpreter, which reads and executes the file line by line, also requiring execute permission.

Answer

sh script.sh

Answer

script.sh (if in PATH)

Answer

source script.sh

Question 13

Which THREE steps are required to configure a network interface with a static IP address using the ip command (assuming interface eth0)? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

ip route add default via 192.168.1.1. The `ip route add default via 192.168.1.1` command sets the default gateway for the system, which is essential for routing traffic to networks beyond the local subnet. Without a default route, the static IP configuration would only allow communication within the local network (192.168.1.0/24), making this step mandatory for full network connectivity.

Answer

ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.0

Answer

echo 'nameserver 8.8.8.8' > /etc/resolv.conf

Question 14

Which TWO commands can display the UUID of block devices?

Accepted Answer

blkid. The `blkid` command directly queries the libblkid library to locate and display block device attributes, including the UUID, from the device's superblock. `lsblk -f` lists block devices and their filesystem information, which includes the UUID, by reading sysfs and udev databases. Both commands reliably output the UUID for block devices.

Answer

df -T

Answer

fdisk -l

Answer

parted /dev/sda print

Question 15

Which THREE files are used by CUPS to manage printer queues? (Choose THREE.)

Accepted Answer

/etc/cups/classes.conf. CUPS uses /etc/cups/printers.conf to define printer queues and their associated options, /etc/cups/classes.conf to manage printer classes (groups of queues), and /etc/cups/cupsd.conf as the main daemon configuration file that controls access, logging, and other server settings. These three files are directly read by the CUPS daemon to manage and serve printer queues.

Answer

/etc/cups/lpoptions

Answer

/etc/cups/ppd/

Question 16

Which TWO commands can be used to view the contents of a compressed file named archive.tar.gz without extracting it to disk?

Accepted Answer

tar -tzf archive.tar.gz. The `tar -tzf` command lists the contents of a tar archive compressed with gzip without extracting it. The `-t` flag tells tar to list the table of contents, `-z` handles the gzip decompression on the fly, and `-f` specifies the archive file. This is the standard, single-command method for viewing the contents of a `.tar.gz` file without writing any files to disk.

Answer

gzip -d archive.tar.gz

Answer

bunzip2 -c archive.tar.gz | tar -t

Answer

gunzip -l archive.tar.gz

Question 17

Which THREE commands are used to manage systemd services? (Choose THREE.)

Accepted Answer

systemctl status. The `systemctl` command is the primary tool for managing systemd services on Linux systems. `systemctl status` displays the current state of a service, including whether it is active, enabled, and recent log entries. `systemctl start` immediately activates a service by sending it a start signal via systemd's D-Bus interface. `systemctl enable` creates symbolic links in the filesystem (e.g., in `/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/`) to ensure the service starts automatically at boot.

Answer

chkconfig --add

Answer

service start

Question 18

Which THREE are valid fields in a GRUB 2 configuration file (grub.cfg) generated by update-grub? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

set root. A is correct because 'set root' is a valid GRUB 2 command used in grub.cfg to specify the root device (e.g., 'set root=(hd0,msdos1)') from which GRUB loads kernel and initrd images. This directive is automatically generated by update-grub based on the system's partition layout.

Answer

password

Answer

chainloader

Question 19

Which TWO statements about GRUB 2 are correct?

Accepted Answer

After modifying /etc/default/grub, the command update-grub must be run to regenerate grub.cfg.. After modifying /etc/default/grub, the update-grub command (which is a wrapper for grub-mkconfig) must be run to regenerate the /boot/grub/grub.cfg file. This ensures that changes to boot parameters, such as default timeout or kernel command-line options, are written into the actual configuration file that GRUB 2 reads at boot time.

Answer

GRUB 2 uses a configuration file named menu.lst.

Answer

The GRUB prompt can be accessed by pressing the 'e' key during boot.

Answer

The /etc/default/grub file is directly read by GRUB during boot.

Question 20

Which TWO of the following are valid ways to capture the output of a command into a variable in Bash?

Accepted Answer

var=`command`. Both var=`command` (backticks) and var=$(command) (dollar-parentheses) are valid command substitution syntaxes in Bash. While backticks are older and can cause issues with nesting, they are still valid and widely used. Option B uses braces, which is not a valid syntax. Option D uses a pipe, which is for chaining commands, not variable assignment. Option E assigns the literal string 'command' to the variable, not the output of the command. Therefore, A and C are the correct choices.

Answer

var={command}

Answer

var|command

Answer

var=command