LPIC-1 Practice Test 35 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Which THREE of the following are true regarding the use of systemd-networkd for network configuration? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

It can assign static IP addresses using .network files.. Systemd-networkd uses .network files (e.g., /etc/systemd/network/10-static.network) to assign static IP addresses via the [Address] section. This allows precise control over IPv4/IPv6 addresses, subnet masks, and gateways without relying on DHCP.

Answer

Configuration files are stored in /etc/network/.

Answer

It supports bonding of multiple interfaces.

Question 2

An organization wants to implement a centralized logging solution for multiple Linux servers. Which service should run on the central server to receive syslog messages?

Accepted Answer

rsyslogd. rsyslogd is the correct choice because it is the modern, enhanced syslog daemon that supports reliable TCP-based logging, advanced filtering, and centralized log collection. It is the default syslog daemon on most major Linux distributions and is designed to receive syslog messages from remote servers over the network, making it ideal for a centralized logging solution.

Answer

journald

Answer

syslogd

Answer

syslog-ng

Question 3

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator notices that /proc is mounted with 'noexec'. What is the impact of this mount option?

Accepted Answer

No binaries can be executed directly from /proc.. The 'noexec' mount option prevents the direct execution of any binary files located on the mounted filesystem. Since /proc is a virtual filesystem that contains runtime system information and process data, mounting it with 'noexec' means that no binaries can be executed directly from /proc. This is a security measure to prevent malicious code from being run from procfs, as /proc should never contain executable programs in normal operation.

Answer

Device files are not interpreted.

Answer

Setuid programs do not work.

Answer

The filesystem cannot be written to.

Question 4

A system administrator notices that the server's clock is consistently off by several minutes. Which service should be used to synchronize the time with an external time source?

Accepted Answer

ntpd. The Network Time Protocol (NTP) daemon (ntpd) is the traditional and widely used service for synchronizing a server's clock with an external time source. It continuously adjusts the system time by communicating with NTP servers, compensating for clock drift and network delays to maintain accurate time. This makes ntpd the correct choice for resolving a consistent clock offset of several minutes.

Answer

timed

Answer

chronyd

Answer

systemd-timesyncd

Question 5

Which TWO of the following are valid methods to change the default runlevel on a SysV init-based system?

Accepted Answer

Edit /etc/inittab to set the initdefault line.. In SysV init-based systems, the default runlevel is defined in the /etc/inittab file by the 'initdefault' line, which specifies the runlevel the system should enter after boot. Editing this line is the standard method to permanently change the default runlevel. Option B correctly identifies this mechanism.

Answer

Use the 'runlevel' command to set the default runlevel.

Answer

Use 'systemctl set-default' to set the default runlevel.

Answer

Use the 'telinit' command to change the default runlevel.

Question 6

A sysadmin wants to prevent an APT package from being upgraded automatically but still allow it to be upgraded manually if needed. Which configuration method best achieves this?

Accepted Answer

Use 'apt-mark hold '. The `apt-mark hold ` command marks a package as held back, preventing it from being automatically upgraded during `apt upgrade` or `apt dist-upgrade`, while still allowing manual upgrades via `apt install ` or `apt-mark unhold`. This directly meets the requirement of blocking automatic upgrades but permitting manual intervention.

Answer

Set the package version to a non-existent version in /etc/apt/preferences

Answer

Add the package to /etc/apt/preferences with Pin-Priority: 1000

Answer

Remove the package from sources.list

Question 7

A user reports that they cannot connect to a remote server using SSH. The administrator checks the SSH server status and it is running. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

A firewall is blocking port 22.. SSH operates over TCP port 22 by default. If the SSH server is running but the client cannot connect, a firewall blocking port 22 is the most likely cause because it would prevent the TCP handshake from completing, even though the SSH daemon (sshd) is active and listening.

Answer

The client's subnet mask is incorrect.

Answer

The client cannot resolve the server's hostname.

Answer

The SSH server is using UDP instead of TCP.

Question 8

To add a kernel parameter temporarily to the kernel command line at boot, what key should be pressed in the GRUB menu?

Accepted Answer

e. Pressing 'e' in the GRUB menu enters the edit mode for the selected boot entry, allowing you to temporarily modify kernel parameters on the command line (e.g., adding 'single' for single-user mode or 'nomodeset' for graphics issues). These changes apply only to the current boot and are not saved to the GRUB configuration file.

Answer

b

Answer

r

Answer

c

Question 9

A user downloaded a Debian package file named 'software.deb'. Which command should be used to install it?

Accepted Answer

dpkg -i software.deb. The correct command is `dpkg -i software.deb` because `dpkg` is the low-level package manager for Debian-based systems that directly installs `.deb` files. The `-i` flag tells `dpkg` to install the specified package file from the local filesystem, which is exactly what is needed when you have a downloaded `.deb` file.

Answer

rpm -ivh software.deb

Answer

apt install software.deb

Answer

apt-get install software.deb

Question 10

A user reports that they cannot access the company's web server. The administrator confirms the server is running and network connectivity is fine. Which command should be used to verify that the HTTP service is listening on the correct port?

Accepted Answer

ss -tlnp. `ss -tlnp`, is correct because it lists TCP listening sockets with their port numbers and associated processes. The `-t` flag filters for TCP, `-l` shows only listening sockets, `-n` displays numeric addresses and ports (avoiding DNS lookups), and `-p` reveals the process ID/name. This directly verifies whether the HTTP service (typically port 80 or 443) is actively listening on the expected interface.

Answer

ping 127.0.0.1

Answer

netstat -rn

Answer

iperf3 -c localhost

Question 11

A developer is troubleshooting a shell script that uses the variable $HOME but it outputs nothing when the script runs. The script is executed with ./script.sh from an interactive shell. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The user has no home directory. In an interactive shell, the HOME variable is typically exported by the login process and inherited by child processes. The most likely cause for $HOME being empty is that the user has no home directory defined in the password database (or the directory doesn't exist), which can cause the variable to be empty or unset in some configurations. Options A and B would not cause $HOME to be empty; using sh instead of bash or running with sudo would still provide a HOME value (possibly different) or set it to root's home.

Answer

The script is run with sh instead of bash

Answer

The script is run with sudo

Answer

The HOME variable is not exported

Question 12

A Debian system has some partially installed packages due to a failed installation. Which TWO commands can help resolve the broken dependencies? (Choose exactly two.)

Accepted Answer

apt-get -f install. The `apt-get -f install` command (option A) is specifically designed to fix broken dependencies by attempting to correct a system with unsatisfied dependencies, often by installing missing packages or removing partially installed ones. The `dpkg --configure -a` command (option D) reconfigures any unpacked but not yet configured packages, which is a common state after a failed installation, and can resolve dependency issues by completing the configuration of partially installed packages.

Answer

apt-get dist-upgrade

Answer

apt-get upgrade

Answer

apt-get remove --purge

Question 13

A user frequently runs 'ls -la' and wants to create an alias 'll' for this command. Which command adds this alias persistently?

Accepted Answer

alias ll='ls -la' && echo "alias ll='ls -la'" >> ~/.bashrc. It first creates the alias in the current shell session with the `alias` command, then appends the same alias definition to `~/.bashrc` to make it persistent across new shell sessions. The `&&` ensures the second command runs only if the first succeeds, and `~/.bashrc` is the standard file for user-specific Bash aliases that are sourced on interactive shell startup.

Answer

export ll='ls -la'

Answer

echo "alias ll='ls -la'" >> ~/.bashrc

Answer

alias ll='ls -la'

Question 14

A system administrator needs to see the boot messages recorded by systemd-journald from the current boot. Which command is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

journalctl -b. The `journalctl -b` command is the most appropriate because it specifically queries the systemd journal for messages from the current boot. Systemd-journald is the default logging daemon on modern Linux distributions, and `journalctl -b` filters the binary journal to show only entries with a boot ID matching the current boot, which includes kernel messages, service logs, and boot-time events.

Answer

dmesg

Answer

tail -n 50 /var/log/syslog

Answer

cat /var/log/messages

Question 15

Arrange the steps to create a LVM logical volume and mount it.

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Create physical volumes, Step 2: Create volume group, Step 3: Create logical volume, Step 4: Format and mount. The correct sequence for creating an LVM logical volume and mounting it is: first create physical volumes (PVs) using pvcreate, then create a volume group (VG) with vgcreate, then create a logical volume (LV) with lvcreate, and finally format the LV with a filesystem (e.g., mkfs) and mount it. This ensures that each step builds on the previous one.

Answer

Step 1: Create volume group, Step 2: Create physical volumes, Step 3: Create logical volume, Step 4: Format and mount

Answer

Step 1: Create physical volumes, Step 2: Create logical volume, Step 3: Create volume group, Step 4: Format and mount

Answer

Step 1: Create physical volumes, Step 2: Create volume group, Step 3: Format and mount, Step 4: Create logical volume