LPIC-1 Practice Test 33 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Which TWO commands can be used to display information about block devices such as disks and partitions? (Choose exactly two.)

Accepted Answer

blkid. `blkid` retrieves attributes like UUID and filesystem type from block devices by reading their superblocks, making it ideal for identifying disks and partitions. `fdisk -l` lists partition tables, displaying detailed information about disk layouts and partitions. Both commands are directly focused on block device information. In contrast, `lsblk` lists all block devices in a tree, but it is more about displaying device hierarchy than partition-specific details. `df` shows filesystem disk usage of mounted filesystems, not raw device info. `mount` displays mounted filesystems, not block devices.

Answer

lsblk

Answer

df

Answer

mount

Question 2

A Linux system fails to boot after an admin added an entry in /etc/fstab to mount an NFS share. The error message indicates 'mount: can't find /mnt/nfs in /etc/fstab'. Which is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The fstab entry has incorrect syntax causing mount to ignore it.. The error message 'mount: can't find /mnt/nfs in /etc/fstab' indicates that the system's mount command cannot locate a valid entry for the mount point in /etc/fstab. This typically occurs when the fstab entry contains a syntax error (e.g., missing fields, incorrect whitespace, or invalid options) that causes the system to skip or ignore the line entirely. Even if the mount point directory exists, a malformed entry will prevent the system from recognizing it during boot.

Answer

The NFS server is unreachable.

Answer

The option 'noauto' was used in fstab.

Answer

The mount point directory /mnt/nfs does not exist.

Question 3

An admin runs 'lsblk' and sees that /dev/nvme0n1p1 is listed with size 512M and mounted at /boot/efi. What is the most likely filesystem type?

Accepted Answer

vfat. The /boot/efi partition is the EFI System Partition (ESP), which is required for UEFI boot. The ESP must be formatted with a FAT-based filesystem (typically vfat/FAT32) because the UEFI firmware is designed to read FAT partitions to load boot loaders. The size of 512M is also typical for an ESP.

Answer

ext4

Answer

swap

Answer

xfs

Question 4

An administrator needs to find all files in the /var/log directory that have been modified in the last 24 hours. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

find /var/log -mtime 0. The `find` command with `-mtime 0` searches for files whose data modification time is within the last 24 hours. The `-mtime` option uses a 24-hour period, and a value of 0 means modified less than 24 hours ago, which matches the requirement to find files modified in the last 24 hours in /var/log.

Answer

find /var/log -ctime 0

Answer

find /var/log -atime 0

Answer

find /var/log -mmin 1440

Question 5

A user needs to schedule a backup script to run every weekday at 2:00 AM. Which command should they use to set up this recurring job?

Accepted Answer

crontab -e and add a line. The cron daemon is the standard Linux tool for scheduling recurring jobs at specific times. Using `crontab -e` allows the user to edit their personal crontab file and add a line like `0 2 * * 1-5 /path/to/backup.sh` to run the script every weekday (Monday through Friday) at 2:00 AM.

Answer

sleep 3600 && ./backup.sh

Answer

at -f backup.sh 2:00

Answer

batch

Question 6

Based on the exhibit, what is the most likely cause of the SSH service failure?

Accepted Answer

Another service is already listening on port 22.. The exhibit shows that the sshd service failed to start because the address (0.0.0.0:22) is already in use. This indicates that another process is already bound to port 22, preventing sshd from binding to it. Therefore, the most likely cause is that another service is already listening on port 22.

Answer

The sshd service is disabled.

Answer

The firewall is blocking port 22.

Answer

The SSH configuration file has a syntax error.

Question 7

An administrator needs to downgrade a package 'apache2' to a specific older version using APT. Which TWO commands can achieve this? (Choose exactly two.)

Accepted Answer

apt-get install apache2=2.2.22. The `apt-get install apache2=2.2.22` command explicitly specifies the exact version to install, which forces APT to downgrade the package to that version if a newer version is currently installed. APT handles version constraints by comparing version strings using the dpkg version comparison algorithm, allowing precise pinning to an older release.

Answer

apt-get upgrade apache2

Answer

apt-get --reinstall install apache2

Answer

apt-cache showpkg apache2

Question 8

Refer to the exhibit. The remount command fails. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The filesystem is not mounted.. The remount command fails because the filesystem is not mounted. 'mount -o remount' only works on filesystems that are already mounted. The lack of the 'noauto' option in the fstab entry is irrelevant; it only affects automatic mounting at boot and does not influence whether a remount can be performed on an unmounted filesystem. Candidates may incorrectly believe that the missing 'noauto' is the cause, but the real issue is that the filesystem needs to be mounted first.

Answer

The filesystem type is wrong.

Answer

The fstab entry lacks the 'noauto' option but the device is not currently mounted.

Answer

The mount point /data does not exist.

Question 9

Refer to the exhibit. How many physical disks are present in the system?

Accepted Answer

2. The output shows two SCSI disks: /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. Each device file represents a physical disk, so there are exactly two physical disks present. The partitions (sda1, sda2, sdb1) are subdivisions of those disks and do not count as separate physical disks.

Answer

3

Answer

4

Answer

1

Question 10

Order the steps to mount an NFS share from a remote server.

Accepted Answer

Install NFS client, then create mount point directory, then run mount command, then verify the mount. NFS mounting requires the client package, a local directory, and the mount command with server and export path.

Answer

Create mount point directory, then install NFS client, then run mount command, then verify the mount

Answer

Install NFS client, then run mount command, then create mount point directory, then verify the mount

Answer

Run mount command, then install NFS client, then create mount point directory, then verify the mount

Question 11

A medium-sized company runs a web server on Linux with two 1TB disks in a software RAID1 (mdadm) configuration for the root filesystem and /var. Recently, the /var partition is reporting low disk space. The administrator discovers that old log files are consuming space but should be rotated. However, the logrotate service is not running. After starting logrotate, it fails to rotate some logs because of missing directories. Additionally, the administrator wants to add a third disk (500GB SSD) for additional storage and mount it under /srv/webdata. The disk is new and not partitioned. The server uses systemd and the current /etc/fstab uses UUIDs. What is the correct sequence of steps to add the new disk and ensure it is mounted automatically at boot?

Accepted Answer

Partition the disk with fdisk, create an ext4 filesystem, create the mount point, mount the filesystem, obtain the UUID, add an entry to /etc/fstab using the UUID, and run mount -a to verify.. It follows the standard procedure for adding a new disk to a Linux system: partition the disk (even if only one partition is needed), create a filesystem, create a mount point, mount it, obtain the UUID (e.g., via blkid), add an entry to /etc/fstab using the UUID for reliable boot-time mounting, and verify with mount -a. This ensures the disk is mounted automatically at boot, independent of device name changes, and aligns with systemd's expectation of UUID-based fstab entries.

Answer

Format the disk with ext4, add an entry to /etc/fstab using the device path /dev/sdc with the nofail option, then mount -a.

Answer

Add the disk to the existing RAID1 array to expand it, then grow the filesystem to use the new space.

Answer

Initialize the disk as an LVM physical volume, extend the existing volume group, create a logical volume, format it, mount it, and add to /etc/fstab.

Question 12

To enable disk quotas for user quotas on a filesystem, which line should be added to /etc/fstab's mount options?

Accepted Answer

usrquota. The 'usrquota' mount option is the standard Linux kernel parameter used to enable user disk quotas on a filesystem. When added to the fourth field of an /etc/fstab entry, it instructs the kernel to track per-user disk usage, allowing the quota system (via quotacheck, edquota, etc.) to enforce limits.

Answer

grpquota

Answer

userquota

Answer

quota

Question 13

A small office has a network printer with IP 192.168.1.100. The printer is shared via CUPS. A user reports that they cannot print a document from their workstation. The printer appears in the list of available printers, but when they try to print, the job hangs in the queue with status 'processing'. The administrator suspects the printer may be offline or the CUPS service is not running. Which command should the administrator run first to gather diagnostic information about the printer and its queue?

Accepted Answer

lpstat -t. The `lpstat -t` command shows the complete status of the CUPS print system, including all printers, their queues, and whether they are accepting jobs. Since the job is stuck with 'processing' status, this command will reveal if the printer is idle, disabled, or unreachable, and whether the queue is enabled or paused. It is the first diagnostic step before testing network connectivity or restarting services.

Answer

ping 192.168.1.100

Answer

lpadmin -p printer -E

Answer

systemctl restart cups

Question 14

An ext4 filesystem is experiencing performance degradation due to very frequent small writes. Which tune2fs option can help by reserving a percentage of blocks for the root user to prevent fragmentation?

Accepted Answer

-g root. The -g option in tune2fs sets the group that can use the reserved blocks. By specifying 'root', it assigns the reserved blocks to the root group, ensuring that the root user can access this reserved space. This helps prevent fragmentation by keeping free blocks available for root's small writes, rather than allowing the filesystem to become completely full. Options A and C are unrelated to block reservation. Option D sets the reserved block percentage to 0, which does not reserve any blocks and can actually increase fragmentation.

Answer

-i 0

Answer

-c 0

Answer

-m 0

Question 15

Which TWO commands are used to manage Debian packages? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

apt-get. apt-get is the primary command-line tool for handling Debian packages, handling dependency resolution and retrieval from repositories. dpkg is the low-level tool that directly installs, removes, and queries .deb package files without automatic dependency management. Both are essential for Debian-based package management.

Answer

zypper

Answer

yum

Answer

rpm