LPIC-1 Practice Test 20 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Which of the following commands will display the default gateway of a Linux system?

Accepted Answer

ip route show. The `ip route show` command displays the kernel routing table, which includes the default gateway as a default route (typically `default via <gateway-IP>`). This is the standard modern tool for viewing routing information on Linux systems.

Answer

arp -a

Answer

netstat -i

Answer

ifconfig

Question 2

The administrator wants the sshd service to start automatically at boot. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

systemctl enable sshd.service. The `systemctl enable sshd.service` command creates the necessary symlinks in the systemd unit configuration directories (e.g., `/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/`) so that the sshd service is automatically started when the system boots into its default target. This is the correct way to enable a service to start at boot in a systemd-based Linux distribution.

Answer

systemctl start sshd.service

Answer

systemctl daemon-reload

Answer

systemctl set-default multi-user.target

Question 3

Refer to the exhibit. What is the file permission in numeric mode for /etc/crontab?

Accepted Answer

644. The /etc/crontab file is a system-wide configuration file for cron jobs. It must be readable by all users to allow cron to read the scheduled tasks, but only writable by root to prevent unauthorized modifications. The standard permission is 644 (owner read/write, group read, others read).

Answer

600

Answer

444

Answer

755

Question 4

Which sed command will replace the first occurrence of 'foo' with 'bar' on each line of a file?

Accepted Answer

sed 's/foo/bar/' file. The default behavior of the `s` (substitute) command in sed is to replace only the first occurrence of the pattern on each line. Without a numeric flag, `sed 's/foo/bar/' file` replaces the first 'foo' on each line with 'bar'. The `g` flag would replace all occurrences, not just the first.

Answer

sed 's/foo/bar/g' file

Answer

sed 's/foo/bar/0' file

Answer

sed 's/foo/bar/2' file

Question 5

Refer to the exhibit. Based on the dpkg output, what is the status of the 'ftp' package?

Accepted Answer

Removed but configuration files remain.. The 'dpkg' output shows 'rc' in the status field, which stands for 'removed' (the package has been deleted) but 'config-files' remain. This means the package was removed using 'dpkg --purge' or 'apt-get remove' without the '--purge' option, leaving behind configuration files in /etc.

Answer

Half-configured.

Answer

Installed and up-to-date.

Answer

Not installed at all.

Question 6

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator notices that /proc is mounted with 'noexec'. What is the impact of this mount option?

Accepted Answer

No binaries can be executed directly from /proc.. The 'noexec' mount option prevents the direct execution of any binary files located on the mounted filesystem. Since /proc is a virtual filesystem that contains runtime system information and process data, mounting it with 'noexec' means that no binaries can be executed directly from /proc. This is a security measure to prevent malicious code from being run from procfs, as /proc should never contain executable programs in normal operation.

Answer

Device files are not interpreted.

Answer

Setuid programs do not work.

Answer

The filesystem cannot be written to.

Question 7

A system administrator wants to compile and install a program from source. After running './configure --prefix=/opt/myapp', the configure script fails with an error about missing 'libssl-dev'. What should the administrator do to resolve this issue?

Accepted Answer

Install the 'libssl-dev' package using the package manager. The configure script requires the development headers and static libraries for OpenSSL to compile software that uses SSL/TLS. The 'libssl-dev' package provides these headers and the .so symlinks needed during compilation. Installing it via the package manager (e.g., apt, yum) is the correct and standard method to satisfy this build dependency.

Answer

Manually download and place the missing header files in /usr/include

Answer

Install the 'libssl' runtime library

Answer

Add the '--disable-ssl' flag to ./configure

Question 8

An administrator needs to check the system's load averages without displaying any process information. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

uptime. The `uptime` command displays the current time, how long the system has been running, the number of logged-in users, and the system load averages for the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes. It does not show any process-level information, making it the correct choice for checking load averages alone.

Answer

w

Answer

top

Answer

ps

Question 9

Which TWO commands are commonly used to start, stop, or restart system services on a Linux system that uses systemd as its init system?

Accepted Answer

service. The `service` command is a legacy tool that works with System V init scripts, but on systems using systemd, it is often mapped to `systemctl` via compatibility wrappers. This allows `service` to start, stop, or restart services on systemd-based distributions, making it a commonly used command for these tasks.

Answer

journalctl

Answer

chkconfig

Answer

init.d

Question 10

In a bash script, a variable 'file' is set to '/var/log/syslog'. Which expansion will yield the string '/var/log'?

Accepted Answer

${file%/*}. The `${file%/*}` expansion uses the `%` operator to remove the shortest suffix matching the pattern `/*`, which matches the last slash and everything after it. Since `file` is `/var/log/syslog`, this removes `/syslog`, leaving `/var/log`. This is a standard parameter expansion in bash for stripping a trailing path component.

Answer

${file##*/}

Answer

${file%%/*}

Answer

${file#*/}

Question 11

The exhibit shows output from an RPM query on a RHEL 8 system. The installation time is shown as a Unix timestamp. Which command would display the installation date of the openssh-server package in a human-readable format?

Accepted Answer

rpm -qi openssh-server. `rpm -qi` (query info) displays detailed metadata for the specified package, including the installation date in a human-readable format. The `-i` flag retrieves information such as the installation date, build date, and other package metadata, converting Unix timestamps to a readable date string.

Answer

rpm -q --dump openssh-server

Answer

rpm -q --changelog openssh-server

Answer

rpm -q --scripts openssh-server

Question 12

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator runs this command expecting to capture both stdout and stderr into output.txt. However, the file contains only stdout. What is the error?

Accepted Answer

The 2>&1 should appear after the > output.txt.. The error is that the `2>&1` redirection appears before the `> output.txt` on the command line. In bash, redirections are evaluated left to right. When `2>&1` is placed first, it redirects stderr (file descriptor 2) to the current target of stdout (file descriptor 1), which at that point is still the terminal, not the file. The subsequent `> output.txt` redirects only stdout to the file, leaving stderr still going to the terminal. To capture both, `2>&1` must appear after `> output.txt`, so that stderr is redirected to the file descriptor that now points to the file.

Answer

The file already exists and is not writable.

Answer

The stdout redirection should be 1> instead of >.

Answer

The command must be run as root.

Question 13

Which THREE directories are commonly used for mounting removable media in Linux?

Accepted Answer

/mnt. Option A, /mnt, is correct because it is the traditional Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) mount point for temporarily mounted filesystems, including removable media such as USB drives and external disks. Option C, /cdrom, is correct because it is a conventional mount point historically used by distributions to mount optical media like CD-ROMs and DVDs. Option E, /media, is correct because modern Linux distributions use it as the standard mount point for automatically mounted removable media such as USB sticks, cameras, and optical discs. Option B, /mount, is not a standard FHS directory and is not used by Linux for mounting removable media. Option D, /dev, is incorrect because it contains device files (e.g., /dev/sdb1) that represent hardware devices, not directories where filesystems are mounted.

Answer

/mount

Answer

/dev

Question 14

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator wants to verify the integrity of the kernel-core package by checking its signature. Which command is used?

Accepted Answer

`rpm -K kernel-core`. `rpm -K` (or `rpm --checksig`) is the command used to verify the GPG signature of an RPM package, ensuring its integrity and authenticity. This checks the package's cryptographic signature against the imported GPG key, confirming it has not been tampered with.

Answer

`rpm -qa kernel-core`

Answer

`rpm -q --changelog kernel-core`

Answer

`rpm -V kernel-core`

Question 15

Which TWO commands can be used to display the UUID of a filesystem? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

lsblk -f. Option C, lsblk -f, is correct because the -f (--fs) flag makes lsblk print filesystem information for each block device, including the filesystem type, label, mountpoint, and the UUID column, so it directly displays the UUID of a filesystem. Option E, blkid, is correct because blkid probes block devices and prints their attributes, including UUID and TYPE, by default showing the UUID for each device with a filesystem. Option A, df -h, only reports filesystem disk usage in human-readable sizes and does not show UUIDs. Option B, mount, lists mounted filesystems and their mount options but does not display filesystem UUIDs. Option D, cat /etc/fstab, shows configured mount entries, which may contain UUID= identifiers if the admin wrote them that way, but it does not query or display the actual UUID of a filesystem.

Answer

df -h

Answer

mount

Answer

cat /etc/fstab