Configure local storage

An administrator attempts to mount an XFS filesystem from /dev/sdc1 to /mnt/archive but receives the error: 'mount: /mnt/archive: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdc1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.' The output of 'dumpe2fs /dev/sdc1' shows 'dumpe2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdc1'. What is the most likely problem?

Match each cron syntax field to its meaning.

A system administrator needs to extend a logical volume 'lv_data' in volume group 'vg_data' by adding a new 50GB disk. Which sequence of commands should be used (assuming the filesystem is XFS)?

A system administrator runs the following command: # vgextend mydata-vg /dev/sdc. After successfully extending the volume group, what is the next step to make the additional space available in the logical volume mydata-lv?

A system fails to mount an XFS filesystem at boot. The /etc/fstab entry is: UUID=abc123 /mnt xfs defaults 0 0. Running mount -a shows: 'mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb1'. Which is the most likely cause?

Which THREE of the following are valid utilities for creating partitions on a disk in Red Hat Enterprise Linux?

Refer to the exhibit. A user tries to execute a script located in /data/script.sh but gets 'Permission denied'. The script has execute permissions. What is the most likely cause?

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator wants to create an LVM logical volume using /dev/sdb3. What is the first step to complete this task?

A system administrator is managing a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 server that uses LVM for storage. The volume group 'vgdata' contains two 500 GB physical volumes (sdb and sdc) with a logical volume 'lvdata' of 800 GB formatted with XFS and mounted at /data. The administrator adds a new 200 GB disk /dev/sdd and intends to use all of its capacity to extend lvdata. The following commands are executed in order: pvcreate /dev/sdd, vgextend vgdata /dev/sdd, lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vgdata/lvdata. The lvextend command completes successfully, but running 'df -h /data' still shows 800 GB. What is the most likely reason?

An administrator needs to add a 2GB swap partition to an existing disk (/dev/sdc) that already has one partition. The administrator creates a second primary partition using fdisk and sets the type to Linux swap (82). Which command completes the setup to enable swap?

An administrator wants to extend an XFS filesystem that resides on an LVM logical volume. The volume group has free physical extents. Which is the correct sequence?

A production server runs RHEL 8 with a software RAID 5 array (/dev/md0) composed of three disks: /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc. The array is used to store database files. The server experiences a disk failure on /dev/sdc. The admin replaces /dev/sdc with an identical disk and wants to rebuild the array. He runs: mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdc. The command completes without error, but the array shows a degraded state after several hours. What should the admin do next?

A database server experiences high disk I/O wait times. The administrator runs 'iostat -x 1' and sees that the avgqu-sz for /dev/sda is 25 and await is 200 ms. The disk is a single 7200 RPM SATA drive. Which action is most likely to improve performance?

A system administrator needs to create a point-in-time backup of a logical volume 'lv_home' that is currently mounted. Which LVM feature should be used?

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator needs to create a new logical volume named 'data' of size 3GB. Which command should be used?

Refer to the exhibit. After extending the logical volume, why does the df output still show 5.0G?

A storage administrator is asked to increase the size of an ext4 filesystem mounted at /data. The underlying logical volume /dev/mapper/vg01-lv01 is currently 10GB and the volume group has 5GB of free extents. After extending the logical volume by 2GB using lvextend -L +2G /dev/mapper/vg01-lv01, what command must be run to resize the filesystem?

After creating a new partition on /dev/sdc, the administrator runs 'partprobe' to inform the kernel of the change. What is the primary purpose of partprobe?

An administrator wants to add an additional swap partition of 2GB on device /dev/sdb1. Which set of commands should be used to enable swap and make it persistent across reboots?

Which TWO commands can be used to list block devices and their attributes? (Choose exactly two.)

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator needs to create a 1.2 TiB logical volume named 'data' in volume group 'myvg' and mount it persistently at /data. Which sequence of commands should be used?

Which TWO of the following are valid reasons to use LVM in a Red Hat Enterprise Linux environment?

Which TWO commands can be used to create a filesystem on a new partition? (Choose two.)

A system administrator is configuring a new RHEL 9 server with two 500GB SSDs. The requirement: create a 200GB XFS filesystem for /srv/data that is resilient to disk failure. The admin decides to create a RAID 1 (mirror) using mdadm with partitions on each disk: /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb1, each 200GB. He creates the partitions with fdisk, then runs: mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1. The array is created and synced. He then creates a physical volume, volume group, and logical volume on top of /dev/md0, formats with XFS, and mounts. Later, a disk fails. After replacing the failed disk, he recreates the partition with identical size and runs: mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdb1. The command fails with 'Device /dev/sdb1 is busy'. What is the most likely cause?

Which file contains the list of filesystems to be mounted at system startup?

A server has a software RAID 5 array /dev/md0. One of its disks fails. The administrator wants to replace it without rebooting. Which command should be used to mark the disk as failed?

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator runs lsblk and sees the above output. The administrator wants to mount /dev/sdb1 at /mnt/data. What should be done first?

Which of the following is true regarding shrinking logical volumes?

Which two commands can be used to create a new partition on a disk without erasing existing partitions? (Choose two.)

An administrator wants to add the two 2G disks (sdc and sdd) as physical volumes, extend the 'data' logical volume in volume group 'vg' by 2G, and grow the filesystem. Which sequence of commands should be used?

An administrator needs to add a new 20GB disk /dev/sdb to a RHEL 9 server and mount it permanently at /data. The disk is unpartitioned. Which sequence of commands correctly accomplishes this?

Refer to the exhibit. If the system administrator wants to create a new logical volume of size 2GB in the 'rhel' volume group, what is the first command that must be executed?

A volume group vg_data has no free extents. An admin adds a new disk /dev/sdc and wants to extend the logical volume lv_data (ext4 filesystem) by 5GB. Which sequence of commands is correct?

An administrator wants to mount an existing ext4 filesystem from /dev/sdb1 to /mnt/data at boot time. What entry should be added to /etc/fstab?

Which of the following is the correct way to persistently mount a filesystem using its UUID?

Which command initializes a disk partition as a physical volume for LVM?

An administrator adds a new 100GB disk to a RHEL 9 server. Which command should be used first to verify that the kernel has detected the new disk?

A system administrator needs to add a new 10GB disk to an existing volume group 'vgdata' to extend logical volumes. Which of the following is the correct sequence of commands?

Refer to the exhibit. When the system boots, which filesystem will be mounted after the root filesystem?

The /data filesystem is at 99% capacity. The LVM setup shows that the volume group has 50GB free space, but the logical volume is only 100GB. What is the correct sequence of commands to increase the filesystem to use all available space in the volume group?

Which two are required to create a logical volume? (Choose two.)

A system administrator is setting up storage for a new application server. The application requires two separate filesystems: one for the database (needs to be at least 10GiB) and one for logs (needs at least 5GiB). The server has a single 20GiB disk /dev/sda. The administrator plans to use LVM and a single volume group 'vg_app'. They create physical volume on /dev/sda, create the volume group, and then create two logical volumes: 'lv_db' of 10GiB and 'lv_logs' of 5GiB. They format lv_db as ext4 and lv_logs as xfs, and mount them at /db and /logs respectively. After rebooting, the system fails to mount /logs. What is the most likely cause?

A junior admin receives a ticket: 'The /var partition is filling up quickly. The server has an extra 100GB disk /dev/sdb. The /var filesystem is on logical volume lv_var in volume group vg_system. Currently, vg_system has no free extents. The admin's plan: create a new physical volume on /dev/sdb, extend vg_system, extend lv_var, and resize the filesystem. He runs: pvcreate /dev/sdb; vgextend vg_system /dev/sdb; lvextend -L+100G /dev/vg_system/lv_var; resize2fs /dev/vg_system/lv_var. The system reports error: 'resize2fs: Invalid argument while trying to open /dev/vg_system/lv_var'. What is the most likely mistake?

An administrator wants to encrypt a new partition /dev/sdc1 using LUKS. Which command sequence is correct?

Order the steps to create a new LVM logical volume of 5 GiB named 'lv_data' in volume group 'vg_data'.

A RHEL 8 system has an ext4 filesystem on /dev/sdb1 mounted at /backup. The admin runs out of space and wants to extend the filesystem. He adds a new disk /dev/sdc, creates a partition /dev/sdc1 (all space), adds it to LVM by creating a PV and extending the VG that contains the LV for /backup. He then extends the logical volume with lvextend -L+20G /dev/vg_backup/lv_backup. The command succeeds, but the filesystem still shows the old size. What did he forget to do?

Which THREE options are valid when creating a new partition with the 'parted' command? (Choose three.)

A technician is configuring a new Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 server with multiple disks. They need to create a RAID 1 array using /dev/sda and /dev/sdb for the /boot partition. Which tool can create the RAID array and enable booting from it?

A system has a logical volume that is thinly provisioned. The thin pool has a size of 100GB and the thin volume has a virtual size of 500GB. The administrator notices that the thin pool has only 5GB of data written so far. Which command will display the current data usage of the thin volume?

Which command can be used to create a logical volume using all available free space in a volume group?

A system administrator tries to mount a filesystem but receives the error: 'mount: /dev/sdb1 is already mounted or /data busy'. The filesystem is not listed in the mount output. What is the most likely cause?

A Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 server has an LVM volume group 'vg01' that contains two physical volumes: /dev/sda2 and /dev/sdb1. After a reboot, the system fails to activate the volume group. The administrator runs 'pvdisplay' and sees one physical volume as 'unknown device'. What is the most likely cause?

Which TWO of the following are required steps when migrating a logical volume from one physical volume to another in the same volume group?

Which command creates a 2GB logical volume named 'lvdata' in the volume group 'vgdata'?

Which single command shows the UUID of a filesystem on /dev/sdb1?

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator runs 'mount -o remount,ro /data' and then 'mount' shows /data as read-only. Later, the system is rebooted. What is the state of /data after reboot?

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator attempts to mount all filesystems using 'mount -a' and receives an error. What is the most likely cause?

Match each systemd unit type to its purpose.

An administrator wants to create a swap partition on /dev/sdb1. After creating the partition with fdisk, which command sets up the swap area?

Which command shows the amount of disk space used and available on each mounted filesystem?

An administrator needs to mount the backup filesystem with the ‘exec’ option temporarily for a one-time script. Which command will remount the filesystem with exec without unmounting?

Which TWO commands can be used to create a physical volume for LVM? (Choose exactly two.)

Which TWO statements about Logical Volume Manager (LVM) metadata are correct?

An administrator wants to add 20GB of additional space to the root filesystem. The volume group vg01 has no free extents. Which action should be taken first?

Put the steps to configure a new swap partition of 2 GiB on /dev/sdc1 and enable it in order.

After adding a new disk to a volume group, which command is used to extend a logical volume by 2GB?

A filesystem reports 0% free space in df -h, but when checking the directory size with du -sh, it shows much less usage. What is the most likely cause?

Refer to the exhibit. After re-adding the disk, the recovery process shows 0% progress and remains at 0. What is the most likely cause?

Which THREE filesystem types are natively supported in RHEL 8/9 for local storage? (Choose exactly three.)

During a system audit, an administrator finds that a filesystem mounted at /srv/data with ext4 is not showing in /etc/fstab. Further investigation reveals that the underlying device is an LVM logical volume lv_data in vg_data. The administrator wants to ensure the filesystem is mounted at boot. He adds an entry to /etc/fstab using the device path /dev/vg_data/lv_data. On reboot, the system fails to mount the filesystem and enters emergency mode. The logical volume and filesystem are intact. What is the most likely reason for the failure?

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator attempts to mount the partition but receives an error. Which command should be run first to resolve the issue?

Refer to the exhibit. The /proc/mdstat output shows a RAID1 array with two devices. One of the disks (/dev/sda1) fails. Which sequence of commands would be used to remove the failed disk and add a new replacement disk /dev/sdc1?

Which TWO commands can be used to view the current disk usage of a filesystem?