- A
Step 1: Declare the class as final. Step 2: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 3: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields (with defensive copying for mutable fields). Step 4: Do not define any setter methods.
This is correct because declaring the class final prevents subclassing, making fields final ensures they cannot be reassigned, a constructor initializes all state (with defensive copying for mutable objects), and no setters prevents external modification.
- B
Step 1: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 2: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields. Step 3: Declare the class as final. Step 4: Do not define any setter methods.
Why wrong: This is incorrect because the class should be declared final first to prevent subclassing, which could add mutable behavior or override methods. Declaring fields final before ensuring the class is final leaves the possibility of a subclass adding setters or modifying behavior.
- C
Step 1: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields. Step 2: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 3: Declare the class as final. Step 4: Do not define any setter methods.
Why wrong: This is incorrect because fields should be declared as final before the constructor is defined; otherwise, the constructor cannot assign to final fields legally. Also, the class should be final to prevent subclassing.
- D
Step 1: Do not define any setter methods. Step 2: Declare the class as final. Step 3: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 4: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields.
Why wrong: This is incorrect because a constructor is essential to set initial values; without it, the object cannot be created properly. Also, declaring no setters before the class and fields are set up is meaningless.
Ordering Steps to Create an Immutable Class
This 1Z0-829 practice question tests your understanding of java i/o api and securing applications. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Order the steps to create an immutable class in Java.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Step 1: Declare the class as final. Step 2: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 3: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields (with defensive copying for mutable fields). Step 4: Do not define any setter methods.
Immutability requires no way to change object state after construction. Defensive copying prevents internal state from being altered.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Step 1: Declare the class as final. Step 2: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 3: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields (with defensive copying for mutable fields). Step 4: Do not define any setter methods.
Why this is correct
This is correct because declaring the class final prevents subclassing, making fields final ensures they cannot be reassigned, a constructor initializes all state (with defensive copying for mutable objects), and no setters prevents external modification.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Step 1: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 2: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields. Step 3: Declare the class as final. Step 4: Do not define any setter methods.
Why it's wrong here
This is incorrect because the class should be declared final first to prevent subclassing, which could add mutable behavior or override methods. Declaring fields final before ensuring the class is final leaves the possibility of a subclass adding setters or modifying behavior.
- ✗
Step 1: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields. Step 2: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 3: Declare the class as final. Step 4: Do not define any setter methods.
Why it's wrong here
This is incorrect because fields should be declared as final before the constructor is defined; otherwise, the constructor cannot assign to final fields legally. Also, the class should be final to prevent subclassing.
- ✗
Step 1: Do not define any setter methods. Step 2: Declare the class as final. Step 3: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 4: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields.
Why it's wrong here
This is incorrect because a constructor is essential to set initial values; without it, the object cannot be created properly. Also, declaring no setters before the class and fields are set up is meaningless.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
- Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.
TExam Day Tips
- Underline the problem statement mentally.
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A practitioner preparing for the 1Z0-829 exam encounters this exact type of scenario on the job. The correct answer here is not the most general option — it is the best answer for the specific constraint described. Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option. Real exam questions reward reading the full scenario before eliminating options, because the constraint defines which answer fits.
What to study next
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this 1Z0-829 question test?
Java I/O API and Securing Applications — This question tests Java I/O API and Securing Applications — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Step 1: Declare the class as final. Step 2: Declare all fields as private and final. Step 3: Provide a constructor that initializes all fields (with defensive copying for mutable fields). Step 4: Do not define any setter methods. — Immutability requires no way to change object state after construction. Defensive copying prevents internal state from being altered.
What should I do if I get this 1Z0-829 question wrong?
Identify which 1Z0-829 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
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