Enhanced For Loop (for-each) in Java

• A.It cannot remove elements from a collection during iteration without additional logic.
• B.It can modify the array elements.
• C.It can iterate in reverse order.
• ✓ D.It cannot be used with arrays.

Why D: Option A is correct. The for-each loop (enhanced for loop) in Java can be used with arrays and collections. However, if you attempt to remove elements from a collection while iterating using a for-each loop without using an Iterator's remove() method or other concurrent modification handling, a ConcurrentModificationException will be thrown. Therefore, additional logic is required to safely remove elements during iteration. Option D is false because the for-each loop can indeed be used with arrays; it iterates over each element in the array. Options B and C are also false as the for-each loop cannot modify array elements (assigning to the loop variable does not affect the array) and it always iterates in forward order only.

• A.Change the if condition to check for non-cancelled orders and wrap only the process(order) call inside the if block, leaving log(order) outside.
• B.Change the for-each loop to a traditional for loop with an index and increment only when order is not cancelled.
• ✓ C.Add a continue statement inside the if block.
• D.Use a while loop with an iterator and remove cancelled orders from the array.

Why C: Option C uses a continue statement to skip both process(order) and log(order) for cancelled orders. This prevents the IndexOutOfBoundsException because process(order) is never called for those orders. While the requirement to log skipped orders is not directly met by this option, it is the simplest way to avoid the exception and logging can be added separately. Option A logs twice for cancelled orders and Option D modifies the array, making C the best among the given choices.