The answer is user risk and device platform, as both are valid conditions in Microsoft Entra Conditional Access policies. User risk reflects the likelihood that an account has been compromised, based on real-time signals from Microsoft Entra ID Protection, while device platform allows administrators to target specific operating systems like Windows, macOS, iOS, or Android for granular access control. On the MS-102 exam, this tests your understanding of which conditions are available in Conditional Access—common traps include confusing location or client app conditions with risk-based ones, or assuming device platform is only for compliance enforcement. Remember that user risk is part of the Identity Protection integration, not a basic condition like device platform. A helpful memory tip: think of "RAD" for Risk, Application, and Device—three distinct condition categories, but only Risk and Device platform appear in this specific pair.
MS-102 Practice Question: Implement and manage identity and access in Microsoft Entra ID
This MS-102 practice question tests your understanding of implement and manage identity and access in microsoft entra id. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
An organization has Microsoft Entra ID P2 licenses and wants to configure a Conditional Access policy to restrict access to Microsoft 365 services. Which of the following can be used as conditions in the policy? (Choose two that apply)
Device platform is a standard condition in Conditional Access that allows policies to be scoped based on the user's device operating system.
B
User risk
User risk is a condition available when Identity Protection is enabled; it evaluates the risk level associated with the user account (e.g., leaked credentials).
C
Authentication strength
Why wrong: Authentication strength is a grant control that specifies which authentication methods are required (e.g., phishing-resistant MFA), not a condition.
D
Application ID
Why wrong: Application ID is used to target specific cloud apps in the policy assignment, not as a condition.
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Device platform
Device platform is a valid condition in Microsoft Entra Conditional Access policies, allowing administrators to target specific operating systems such as Windows, macOS, iOS, or Android. This enables granular control over access based on the device type, which is essential for enforcing security requirements like requiring compliant devices on certain platforms.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
Device platform
Why this is correct
Device platform is a standard condition in Conditional Access that allows policies to be scoped based on the user's device operating system.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✓
User risk
Why this is correct
User risk is a condition available when Identity Protection is enabled; it evaluates the risk level associated with the user account (e.g., leaked credentials).
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✗
Authentication strength
Why it's wrong here
Authentication strength is a grant control that specifies which authentication methods are required (e.g., phishing-resistant MFA), not a condition.
✗
Application ID
Why it's wrong here
Application ID is used to target specific cloud apps in the policy assignment, not as a condition.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates confuse 'conditions' (which evaluate the request context) with 'grant controls' (which enforce actions like requiring MFA or authentication strength), leading them to select Authentication strength as a condition instead of a control.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Conditional Access policies evaluate conditions such as user risk, sign-in risk, device platform, location, and client apps before applying grant controls or session controls. User risk is derived from Microsoft Entra ID Protection's real-time risk detection signals, such as leaked credentials or impossible travel, and can be used to block or require MFA for high-risk users. Under the hood, the policy engine evaluates these conditions in a logical AND/OR combination, and only if all conditions are met are the grant controls enforced.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
→Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
→Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this MS-102 question in full detail.
Implement and manage identity and access in Microsoft Entra ID — This question tests Implement and manage identity and access in Microsoft Entra ID — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Device platform — Device platform is a valid condition in Microsoft Entra Conditional Access policies, allowing administrators to target specific operating systems such as Windows, macOS, iOS, or Android. This enables granular control over access based on the device type, which is essential for enforcing security requirements like requiring compliant devices on certain platforms.
What should I do if I get this MS-102 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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