AZ-305 Design infrastructure solutions Practice Question
This AZ-305 practice question tests your understanding of design infrastructure solutions. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your company has a multi-region Azure deployment with virtual networks in East US and West Europe connected via a hub-and-spoke topology. You need to ensure that all traffic between the spokes is routed through a centralized firewall in the hub. The hub uses Azure Firewall. Currently, spoke-to-spoke traffic is not being inspected. What should you configure?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Use Azure Firewall Manager to enforce routing by adding route tables to the spoke subnets with a default route to the firewall.
Option B is correct because you need to add route tables to the spoke subnets with a default route (0.0.0.0/0) to the Azure Firewall private IP to force all traffic through the firewall. Azure Firewall Manager can push these routes automatically. Option A is wrong because peering alone does not force routing through the firewall. Option C is wrong because VPN gateways are not required for this purpose. Option D is wrong because NSGs do not route traffic; they filter.
Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
Use Azure Firewall Manager to enforce routing by adding route tables to the spoke subnets with a default route to the firewall.
Why this is correct
This forces all inter-spoke traffic through the firewall for inspection.
Apply NSG rules to block direct spoke-to-spoke traffic.
Why it's wrong here
NSGs do not provide routing; they only filter traffic at the subnet/NIC level.
✗
Configure VNet peering between all spokes.
Why it's wrong here
VNet peering enables connectivity but does not force traffic through the firewall.
✗
Deploy VPN gateways in each spoke and configure site-to-site VPNs.
Why it's wrong here
VPN gateways are not needed; they add complexity and cost.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
→Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
→Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
→Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Key takeaway
Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A healthcare organisation deploys an application with a public-facing web tier and a private database tier. The database subnet has no public IP and only accepts connections from the web tier's security group. Questions like this test whether you can design cloud network isolation using VNets/VPCs, subnets, and security group rules.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this AZ-305 question in full detail.
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related AZ-305 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
Design infrastructure solutions — This question tests Design infrastructure solutions — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Use Azure Firewall Manager to enforce routing by adding route tables to the spoke subnets with a default route to the firewall. — Option B is correct because you need to add route tables to the spoke subnets with a default route (0.0.0.0/0) to the Azure Firewall private IP to force all traffic through the firewall. Azure Firewall Manager can push these routes automatically. Option A is wrong because peering alone does not force routing through the firewall. Option C is wrong because VPN gateways are not required for this purpose. Option D is wrong because NSGs do not route traffic; they filter.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related AZ-305 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
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Question Discussion
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