- A
Implement VNet peering with user-defined routes (UDRs) to force traffic through the NVA
Why wrong: While possible, this becomes complex with many VNets and does not provide transitive routing; each peering requires separate UDRs.
- B
Use Azure Firewall in each VNet to inspect traffic locally
Why wrong: This violates the requirement for centralized inspection and increases cost and management overhead.
- C
Deploy an Azure Virtual WAN with a secured hub (Azure Firewall) and route traffic through it
Virtual WAN provides automatic transitive routing, centralized security, and integrates with ExpressRoute, meeting all requirements.
- D
Use Azure Route Server to propagate routes to all VNets
Why wrong: Route Server exchanges routes but does not provide centralized security inspection or traffic forcing.
AZ-305 Design infrastructure solutions Practice Question
This AZ-305 practice question tests your understanding of design infrastructure solutions. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has multiple Azure virtual networks (VNets) in different regions connected via VNet peering. They also have an on-premises data center connected to Azure via ExpressRoute. They need to provide internet-bound traffic from all Azure VNets through a single, centralized network virtual appliance (NVA) in the hub VNet for security inspection. They also need to ensure that traffic between VNets and on-premises is routed optimally without going through the internet. Which Azure solution should they implement?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Deploy an Azure Virtual WAN with a secured hub (Azure Firewall) and route traffic through it
Option C is correct because Azure Virtual WAN with a secured hub (Azure Firewall) provides a centralized, managed routing architecture that meets all requirements. It automatically routes internet-bound traffic from all VNets through the Azure Firewall in the hub for security inspection, while also ensuring optimal routing between VNets and on-premises via ExpressRoute without traversing the internet. This solution eliminates the need for manual UDRs and complex NVA management, as Virtual WAN handles routing and security centrally.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Implement VNet peering with user-defined routes (UDRs) to force traffic through the NVA
Why it's wrong here
While possible, this becomes complex with many VNets and does not provide transitive routing; each peering requires separate UDRs.
- ✗
Use Azure Firewall in each VNet to inspect traffic locally
Why it's wrong here
This violates the requirement for centralized inspection and increases cost and management overhead.
- ✓
Deploy an Azure Virtual WAN with a secured hub (Azure Firewall) and route traffic through it
Why this is correct
Virtual WAN provides automatic transitive routing, centralized security, and integrates with ExpressRoute, meeting all requirements.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Use Azure Route Server to propagate routes to all VNets
Why it's wrong here
Route Server exchanges routes but does not provide centralized security inspection or traffic forcing.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse Azure Virtual WAN with simple VNet peering or assume that Azure Route Server alone can provide centralized security inspection, but Virtual WAN is the only solution that combines centralized routing, security, and automatic propagation across multiple regions.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Azure Virtual WAN uses a hub-and-spoke architecture where the secured hub (Azure Firewall) acts as a central routing point. It leverages Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to propagate routes from ExpressRoute and VPN gateways, ensuring optimal path selection for on-premises traffic. Under the hood, Virtual WAN automatically creates system routes that direct internet-bound traffic from all connected VNets to the Azure Firewall, and it supports forced tunneling for ExpressRoute to prevent internet-bound traffic from bypassing inspection.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A healthcare organisation deploys an application with a public-facing web tier and a private database tier. The database subnet has no public IP and only accepts connections from the web tier's security group. Questions like this test whether you can design cloud network isolation using VNets/VPCs, subnets, and security group rules.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-305 question test?
Design infrastructure solutions — This question tests Design infrastructure solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Deploy an Azure Virtual WAN with a secured hub (Azure Firewall) and route traffic through it — Option C is correct because Azure Virtual WAN with a secured hub (Azure Firewall) provides a centralized, managed routing architecture that meets all requirements. It automatically routes internet-bound traffic from all VNets through the Azure Firewall in the hub for security inspection, while also ensuring optimal routing between VNets and on-premises via ExpressRoute without traversing the internet. This solution eliminates the need for manual UDRs and complex NVA management, as Virtual WAN handles routing and security centrally.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
This AZ-305 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AZ-305 exam.
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