Question 767 of 1,000
hardMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

CISSP Practice Question: Refer to the exhibit

This CISSP practice question tests your understanding of cissp exam topics. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

VPN Configuration on Router
crypto isakmp policy 10
 encr aes 256
 authentication pre-share
 group 5
 lifetime 86400
!
crypto isakmp key cisco address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
!
crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-AES256-SHA esp-aes 256 esp-sha-hmac
 mode tunnel
!
crypto map CMAP 10 ipsec-isakmp
 set peer 198.51.100.1
 set transform-set ESP-AES256-SHA
 match address 100
!
interface Tunnel0
 ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.252
 tunnel source GigabitEthernet0/0
 tunnel destination 198.51.100.1
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 203.0.113.1 255.255.255.0
 crypto map CMAP
!
access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255

Refer to the exhibit. A VPN tunnel between two routers is not establishing. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

  • Clue: "most likely"

    Why it matters: Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.

Exhibit

VPN Configuration on Router
crypto isakmp policy 10
 encr aes 256
 authentication pre-share
 group 5
 lifetime 86400
!
crypto isakmp key cisco address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
!
crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-AES256-SHA esp-aes 256 esp-sha-hmac
 mode tunnel
!
crypto map CMAP 10 ipsec-isakmp
 set peer 198.51.100.1
 set transform-set ESP-AES256-SHA
 match address 100
!
interface Tunnel0
 ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.252
 tunnel source GigabitEthernet0/0
 tunnel destination 198.51.100.1
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 203.0.113.1 255.255.255.0
 crypto map CMAP
!
access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

The crypto map is applied to the physical interface, but a tunnel interface is also configured for the same peer, causing a conflict.

The crypto map is applied to the physical interface GigabitEthernet0/0, but the tunnel interface Tunnel0 is also configured with the same tunnel destination. The crypto map and the tunnel interface are both trying to establish a tunnel to the same peer, which causes a conflict. Typically, you would use either a crypto map or a tunnel interface, not both. The crypto map is applied to the physical interface, but the tunnel interface is also configured. This can prevent the tunnel from establishing.

Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • The pre-shared key is configured for any peer, which is a security risk but not the cause of failure.

    Why it's wrong here

    The key is configured for any peer (0.0.0.0), which works but is not best practice.

  • The crypto map is applied to the physical interface, but a tunnel interface is also configured for the same peer, causing a conflict.

    Why this is correct

    Having both a crypto map on the physical interface and a tunnel interface to the same peer creates a conflict and prevents the tunnel from establishing.

    Clue confirmation

    The clue word "most likely" in the question point toward this answer.

    Related concept

    Standard ACLs match source addresses.

  • The ISAKMP policy uses AES 256 encryption, but the transform set also uses AES 256, causing a mismatch.

    Why it's wrong here

    Both are AES 256, so they are compatible.

  • The access list 100 does not match the traffic correctly; it should be a permit statement for the VPN traffic.

    Why it's wrong here

    The access list matches traffic from 192.168.1.0/24 to 192.168.2.0/24, which is typical for VPN traffic.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match

ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Standard ACLs match source addresses.
  • Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
  • The first matching ACL entry is used.
  • There is usually an implicit deny at the end.

TExam Day Tips

  • Check inbound versus outbound direction.
  • Read the ACL from top to bottom.
  • Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.

Key takeaway

ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A developer is choosing between AES-256 (symmetric) and RSA-2048 (asymmetric) for encrypting a large file that will be sent to a partner. Symmetric encryption is fast but requires key exchange; asymmetric is slower but solves the key distribution problem. A hybrid approach — encrypt the file with AES, encrypt the AES key with RSA — is standard. Questions like this test whether you understand when each approach applies.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related CISSP ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.

Related practice questions

Related CISSP practice-question pages

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this CISSP question test?

Standard ACLs match source addresses.

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: The crypto map is applied to the physical interface, but a tunnel interface is also configured for the same peer, causing a conflict. — The crypto map is applied to the physical interface GigabitEthernet0/0, but the tunnel interface Tunnel0 is also configured with the same tunnel destination. The crypto map and the tunnel interface are both trying to establish a tunnel to the same peer, which causes a conflict. Typically, you would use either a crypto map or a tunnel interface, not both. The crypto map is applied to the physical interface, but the tunnel interface is also configured. This can prevent the tunnel from establishing.

What should I do if I get this CISSP question wrong?

Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related CISSP ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "most likely". Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Standard ACLs match source addresses.

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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026

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This CISSP practice question is part of Courseiva's free ISC2 certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CISSP exam.