Question 1,787 of 2,152

Policy-Based Routing (PBR) →mediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Policy-Based Routing Configuration Effect: Inbound Direction and Source Match

This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of policy-based routing (pbr). This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Router R1 has the following configuration:

```

interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip policy route-map PBR-OUT

! route-map PBR-OUT permit 10 match ip address 100 set ip next-hop 192.168.1.1 !

access-list 100 permit ip host 10.1.1.100 any

``` What is the effect of this configuration?

A
Packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.
The route-map is applied inbound, so packets arriving on this interface from 10.1.1.100 are policy-routed to 192.168.1.1.
B
Packets transmitted out of GigabitEthernet0/1 to destination 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.
Why wrong: PBR is applied to incoming packets, not outgoing. The direction is inbound on the interface.
C
All packets from 10.1.1.100 are dropped because the route-map does not have a permit statement.
Why wrong: The route-map has a permit statement, so matching packets are allowed and policy-routed.
D
The configuration is invalid because the ACL must match destination, not source.
Why wrong: ACLs can match source or destination; matching source is valid for PBR.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Quick Answer

The correct answer is that packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1. This is because the `ip policy route-map` command, when applied under an interface, always processes incoming packets—regardless of the route-map’s name. The ACL matches the source address 10.1.1.100 to any destination, and the `set ip next-hop` action overrides the routing table for those matched packets. On the Cisco CCNP ENARSI 300-410 exam, this configuration tests your understanding that PBR is directionally applied to inbound traffic on the interface, not outbound, and that the route-map name is irrelevant to its function. A common trap is assuming a route-map named “PBR-OUT” applies to outgoing packets, but the `ip policy route-map` command always inspects traffic as it enters the interface. Remember: PBR is always inbound on the interface where it is applied—the name is just a label, not a direction.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.

The route-map is applied as an inbound policy on the interface, but the name 'PBR-OUT' suggests outbound, which is misleading. However, the 'ip policy route-map' command applies to incoming packets on that interface. The ACL matches source 10.1.1.100 to any destination, and sets next-hop 192.168.1.1.

Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✓
Packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.
Why this is correct
The route-map is applied inbound, so packets arriving on this interface from 10.1.1.100 are policy-routed to 192.168.1.1.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
✗
Packets transmitted out of GigabitEthernet0/1 to destination 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.
Why it's wrong here
PBR is applied to incoming packets, not outgoing. The direction is inbound on the interface.
✗
All packets from 10.1.1.100 are dropped because the route-map does not have a permit statement.
Why it's wrong here
The route-map has a permit statement, so matching packets are allowed and policy-routed.
✗
The configuration is invalid because the ACL must match destination, not source.
Why it's wrong here
ACLs can match source or destination; matching source is valid for PBR.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match

ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.

KKey Concepts to Remember

Standard ACLs match source addresses.
Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
The first matching ACL entry is used.
There is usually an implicit deny at the end.

TExam Day Tips

Check inbound versus outbound direction.
Read the ACL from top to bottom.
Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.

Key takeaway

ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A security administrator must allow nursing staff to reach a patient records server while blocking access from the guest Wi-Fi VLAN. After applying an extended ACL, traffic is still blocked from nursing workstations. The ACL was applied outbound instead of inbound on the wrong interface. Questions like this test ACL direction and placement rules.

Visual reference

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related 300-410 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this 300-410 question test?

Policy-Based Routing (PBR) — This question tests Policy-Based Routing (PBR) — Standard ACLs match source addresses..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1. — The route-map is applied as an inbound policy on the interface, but the name 'PBR-OUT' suggests outbound, which is misleading. However, the 'ip policy route-map' command applies to incoming packets on that interface. The ACL matches source 10.1.1.100 to any destination, and sets next-hop 192.168.1.1.

What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?

What is the key concept behind this question?

Standard ACLs match source addresses.

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