Question 1,787 of 2,152

Policy-Based Routing (PBR) →mediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The correct answer is that packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1. This is because the `ip policy route-map` command, when applied under an interface, always processes incoming packets—regardless of the route-map’s name. The ACL matches the source address 10.1.1.100 to any destination, and the `set ip next-hop` action overrides the routing table for those matched packets. On the Cisco CCNP ENARSI 300-410 exam, this configuration tests your understanding that PBR is directionally applied to inbound traffic on the interface, not outbound, and that the route-map name is irrelevant to its function. A common trap is assuming a route-map named “PBR-OUT” applies to outgoing packets, but the `ip policy route-map` command always inspects traffic as it enters the interface. Remember: PBR is always inbound on the interface where it is applied—the name is just a label, not a direction.

300-410 Policy-Based Routing (PBR) Practice Question

This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of policy-based routing (pbr). This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Router R1 has the following configuration:

```

interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip policy route-map PBR-OUT

! route-map PBR-OUT permit 10 match ip address 100 set ip next-hop 192.168.1.1 !

access-list 100 permit ip host 10.1.1.100 any

``` What is the effect of this configuration?

Question 1mediummultiple choice

Review the full routing breakdown →

A
Packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.
The route-map is applied inbound, so packets arriving on this interface from 10.1.1.100 are policy-routed to 192.168.1.1.
B
Packets transmitted out of GigabitEthernet0/1 to destination 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.
Why wrong: PBR is applied to incoming packets, not outgoing. The direction is inbound on the interface.
C
All packets from 10.1.1.100 are dropped because the route-map does not have a permit statement.
Why wrong: The route-map has a permit statement, so matching packets are allowed and policy-routed.
D
The configuration is invalid because the ACL must match destination, not source.
Why wrong: ACLs can match source or destination; matching source is valid for PBR.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.

The route-map is applied as an inbound policy on the interface, but the name 'PBR-OUT' suggests outbound, which is misleading. However, the 'ip policy route-map' command applies to incoming packets on that interface. The ACL matches source 10.1.1.100 to any destination, and sets next-hop 192.168.1.1.

Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✓
Packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.
Why this is correct
The route-map is applied inbound, so packets arriving on this interface from 10.1.1.100 are policy-routed to 192.168.1.1.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
Packets transmitted out of GigabitEthernet0/1 to destination 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1.
Why it's wrong here
PBR is applied to incoming packets, not outgoing. The direction is inbound on the interface.
✗
All packets from 10.1.1.100 are dropped because the route-map does not have a permit statement.
Why it's wrong here
The route-map has a permit statement, so matching packets are allowed and policy-routed.
✗
The configuration is invalid because the ACL must match destination, not source.
Why it's wrong here
ACLs can match source or destination; matching source is valid for PBR.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic

NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.

KKey Concepts to Remember

Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.

TExam Day Tips

Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.

Key takeaway

NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related 300-410 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this 300-410 question test?

Policy-Based Routing (PBR) — This question tests Policy-Based Routing (PBR) — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Packets received on GigabitEthernet0/1 from source 10.1.1.100 are forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.1. — The route-map is applied as an inbound policy on the interface, but the name 'PBR-OUT' suggests outbound, which is misleading. However, the 'ip policy route-map' command applies to incoming packets on that interface. The ACL matches source 10.1.1.100 to any destination, and sets next-hop 192.168.1.1.

What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?

What is the key concept behind this question?

Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.

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