Question 656 of 1,152
Threats, Vulnerabilities, and MitigationsmediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The best initial response is to isolate the workstation and begin investigating for credential compromise or lateral movement. This is correct because a sudden burst of authenticated SMB and WinRM connections from a single workstation to over 40 internal hosts immediately after opening a spreadsheet attachment is a textbook indicator of lateral movement detection, where an attacker uses stolen credentials to hop between systems via these protocols. On the Security+ SY0-701 exam, this scenario tests your ability to recognize that unusual SMB and WinRM anomalies—especially without an approved admin tool—signal a compromised account rather than legitimate administrative activity. A common trap is to first run antivirus or check logs, but isolating the device stops the active attack and preserves evidence. Memory tip: think “Spreadsheet + SMB + 40 hosts = Stolen credentials, not sysadmin.”

SY0-701 Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations Practice Question

This SY0-701 practice question tests your understanding of threats, vulnerabilities, and mitigations. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

NetFlow shows one user workstation making authenticated SMB and WinRM connections to more than 40 internal hosts within 15 minutes, starting shortly after the user opened a spreadsheet attachment. No approved admin tool was running on the device. What is the best initial response?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

  • Clue: "best"

    Why it matters: Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Isolate the workstation and begin investigating for credential compromise or lateral movement

The sudden burst of authenticated SMB and WinRM connections from a single workstation to over 40 internal hosts immediately after opening a spreadsheet attachment is a classic indicator of lateral movement using stolen credentials. Since no approved admin tool was running, this behavior strongly suggests the user's credentials have been compromised, likely via a macro or exploit in the attachment, and an attacker is using those protocols to move laterally. Isolating the workstation stops the attack in progress and preserves evidence for forensic investigation.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Treat the traffic as normal because the workstation used valid credentials

    Why it's wrong here

    Valid credentials do not make the behavior normal when the access pattern is unusual and highly distributed.

  • Isolate the workstation and begin investigating for credential compromise or lateral movement

    Why this is correct

    Rapid east-west access from a single workstation is a strong sign of compromise, so containment and investigation should start immediately.

    Clue confirmation

    The clue word "best" in the question point toward this answer.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

  • Increase the DHCP lease time to reduce network noise

    Why it's wrong here

    DHCP settings do not address suspicious authenticated access to many internal systems.

  • Block all SMB and WinRM traffic across the entire enterprise

    Why it's wrong here

    A blanket block would cause broad operational impact and is not the best first step for a single-host anomaly.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

The trap here is that candidates see 'authenticated' and assume the traffic is legitimate, missing that attackers use valid stolen credentials to authenticate, making authentication alone an unreliable indicator of safety.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

SMB (port 445) and WinRM (port 5985/5986) are commonly abused for lateral movement because they allow remote file access and command execution. Tools like PsExec, PowerShell remoting, and Cobalt Strike use these protocols with stolen credentials. NetFlow data showing a rapid, sequential pattern of connections to many hosts is a strong behavioral indicator of an automated lateral movement tool, not a human admin, especially when no approved admin tool is present on the source device.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
  • Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
  • Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A security team runs a vulnerability scan on a web application and discovers an unpatched SQL injection flaw. The team prioritises remediation by CVSS score — critical flaws are patched within 24 hours, high within 7 days. Questions like this test whether you understand vulnerability management processes, scanning tools, and remediation prioritisation.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this SY0-701 question test?

Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations — This question tests Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Isolate the workstation and begin investigating for credential compromise or lateral movement — The sudden burst of authenticated SMB and WinRM connections from a single workstation to over 40 internal hosts immediately after opening a spreadsheet attachment is a classic indicator of lateral movement using stolen credentials. Since no approved admin tool was running, this behavior strongly suggests the user's credentials have been compromised, likely via a macro or exploit in the attachment, and an attacker is using those protocols to move laterally. Isolating the workstation stops the attack in progress and preserves evidence for forensic investigation.

What should I do if I get this SY0-701 question wrong?

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "best". Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026

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This SY0-701 practice question is part of Courseiva's free CompTIA certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SY0-701 exam.