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Threats, Vulnerabilities, and MitigationsmediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

SY0-701 Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations Practice Question

A resolver log shows multiple clients querying the correct internal host name, but the DNS server starts returning an unexpected public IP address after a burst of unsolicited DNS responses from outside the network. Users are sent to a lookalike login page. What type of attack is most likely occurring?

⚠ Common exam trap

Test-takers frequently confuse DNS poisoning with packet sniffing because both involve network traffic, but only DNS poisoning actively modifies cached resolution data to redirect users.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

DNS poisoning

The scenario describes a DNS poisoning (also known as DNS cache poisoning) attack. The burst of unsolicited DNS responses from outside the network is the attacker injecting forged DNS records into the resolver's cache, causing it to map the correct internal host name to an unexpected public IP address. This redirects users to a lookalike login page, which is the classic outcome of DNS poisoning.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • DNS poisoning

    Why this is correct

    DNS poisoning directly corrupts the name resolution process: an attacker either forges a DNS response that arrives before the legitimate answer or tampers with a resolver's cache, causing it to return a fraudulent IP address for a valid domain. This matches the scenario exactly because multiple clients querying the correct record will all receive the malicious answer and be redirected to the counterfeit website, while the resolver log simply shows normal queries.

  • Brute-force authentication

    Why it's wrong here

    Brute-force authentication is a credential-based attack where the attacker repeatedly tries passwords, passphrases, or usernames to log into an account. This process does not alter DNS records, poison caches, or inject forged name-resolution responses, so it cannot cause every client querying a legitimate name to be redirected to a malicious site. The resolver log would remain clean of any DNS corruption, making this option unrelated to the observed symptom.

  • Port scanning

    Why it's wrong here

    Port scanning is a reconnaissance technique used to discover open TCP or UDP services on a host by sending probes to a range of ports. It does not modify DNS resolution behavior, forge responses, or redirect web traffic; an attacker would use a scan merely to identify targets for a separate attack. While a scan might reveal a vulnerable DNS server, the act of scanning itself cannot cause clients to resolve a correct target address to a different, malicious IP.

  • Packet sniffing

    Why it's wrong here

    Packet sniffing is a passive monitoring technique where an attacker captures network traffic to read cleartext data such as credentials or session cookies. Since sniffing only observes and records existing packets, it provides no mechanism to alter DNS query responses or to insert a forged reply that would redirect clients to a counterfeit site. Active manipulation of DNS resolution is required to make the legitimate address resolve incorrectly, and passive capture cannot achieve that effect.

Visual reference

Client Recursive Resolver Root DNS (13 root servers) TLD DNS (.com, .org, …) Authoritative example.com query IP addr answer

About these practice questions

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JA

Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security

Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva

This SY0-701 practice question is part of Courseiva's free CompTIA certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SY0-701 exam.