Question 752 of 1,152
Threats, Vulnerabilities, and MitigationsmediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The correct first step in a ransomware first response is to isolate the affected systems from the network and preserve evidence. This action immediately stops the ransomware from spreading laterally via SMB or other network protocols, which is critical because the attacker has already disabled Volume Shadow Copy Service to block file recovery. On the Security+ SY0-701 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of incident response procedures—specifically the containment phase before eradication or recovery. A common trap is jumping to remediation, like running antivirus or restoring from backup, but the exam emphasizes that containment and evidence preservation must come first to maintain forensic integrity. Remember the mnemonic “ICE” for Incident response: Isolate, Contain, then Examine—never skip to the E before the I.

SY0-701 Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations Practice Question

This SY0-701 practice question tests your understanding of threats, vulnerabilities, and mitigations. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A file server suddenly shows many encrypted files with a new extension, and endpoint tools report that Volume Shadow Copy Service was disabled minutes earlier. A note on the desktop demands payment in cryptocurrency. What should the security team do first?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

  • Clue: "first"

    Why it matters: Order matters here. You are being tested on which action comes before the others — not which action is generally useful.

Question 1mediummultiple choice
Full question →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Isolate the affected systems from the network and preserve evidence.

Isolating the affected systems from the network and preserving evidence is the correct first step because it prevents the ransomware from spreading to other systems via SMB or other network protocols, and it preserves the forensic artifacts (e.g., the ransom note, encrypted files, and Volume Shadow Copy Service logs) needed for incident response and potential decryption. Disabling VSS is a common ransomware tactic to prevent file recovery, so immediate containment is critical before any remediation.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Pay the ransom immediately to restore access quickly.

    Why it's wrong here

    Paying the ransom is risky, does not guarantee recovery, and can fund further criminal activity.

  • Isolate the affected systems from the network and preserve evidence.

    Why this is correct

    Isolation is the first priority because it helps stop the spread of ransomware and prevents additional encryption or lateral movement. Preserving evidence at the same time supports later incident response, forensics, and potential legal or insurance needs. The organization can then assess the scope, validate backups, and begin containment and recovery in a controlled way. Immediate disconnection from the network is usually more valuable than attempting remediation on a live, actively infected host.

    Clue confirmation

    The clue word "first" in the question point toward this answer.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

  • Reimage the server immediately without documenting the event.

    Why it's wrong here

    Reimaging may eventually be necessary, but doing it immediately destroys evidence and can interfere with proper incident handling.

  • Disable antivirus alerts so staff can work without distractions.

    Why it's wrong here

    Suppressing alerts hides the incident and prevents the security team from seeing whether the malware is still active elsewhere.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

The trap here is that candidates may confuse 'immediate remediation' (e.g., reimaging) with 'first response' (containment and evidence preservation), or they may incorrectly assume paying the ransom is a viable technical solution, when in fact it is never recommended in incident response frameworks like NIST SP 800-61.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Ransomware often uses Windows API calls like 'vssadmin.exe delete shadows /all /quiet' to delete Volume Shadow Copies, which are stored in the System Volume Information folder. Isolating the host at the switch level (e.g., disabling the port or using a network ACL) stops the ransomware from encrypting network shares via SMB and prevents C2 beaconing. Preserving the ransom note and encrypted files allows analysts to identify the ransomware variant (e.g., via file hash or extension) and check for free decryption tools on sites like No More Ransom.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
  • Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
  • Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A security team runs a vulnerability scan on a web application and discovers an unpatched SQL injection flaw. The team prioritises remediation by CVSS score — critical flaws are patched within 24 hours, high within 7 days. Questions like this test whether you understand vulnerability management processes, scanning tools, and remediation prioritisation.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this SY0-701 question test?

Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations — This question tests Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Isolate the affected systems from the network and preserve evidence. — Isolating the affected systems from the network and preserving evidence is the correct first step because it prevents the ransomware from spreading to other systems via SMB or other network protocols, and it preserves the forensic artifacts (e.g., the ransom note, encrypted files, and Volume Shadow Copy Service logs) needed for incident response and potential decryption. Disabling VSS is a common ransomware tactic to prevent file recovery, so immediate containment is critical before any remediation.

What should I do if I get this SY0-701 question wrong?

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "first". Order matters here. You are being tested on which action comes before the others — not which action is generally useful.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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Same concept, more angles

3 more ways this is tested on SY0-701

These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.

Variation 1. A file server suddenly shows renamed files with a new extension, users see a ransom note demanding cryptocurrency, and shadow copies are deleted from the host. Which malware family is the best match?

medium
  • A.Ransomware, because the attacker is encrypting data and demanding payment to restore access.
  • B.Trojan, because the attack requires a disguised program to install itself.
  • C.Spyware, because the attacker is likely trying to monitor file activity.
  • D.Logic bomb, because the malware likely triggered after a specific condition was met.

Why A: Ransomware is the correct classification because the scenario describes file encryption (renamed files with new extensions), a ransom note demanding cryptocurrency, and the deletion of shadow copies (Volume Shadow Copy Service snapshots) to prevent file recovery. These are hallmark behaviors of ransomware, specifically crypto-ransomware, which encrypts data and demands payment for decryption keys.

Variation 2. A user says their files suddenly have a new extension and a note appears demanding payment to restore access. Which type of malware is most likely involved?

easy
  • A.Ransomware
  • B.Adware
  • C.Spam filter
  • D.Screen saver

Why A: Ransomware is the correct answer because it specifically encrypts files and appends a new extension, then displays a ransom note demanding payment for decryption. This matches the user's description of files becoming inaccessible with a new extension and a payment demand.

Variation 3. A laptop user reports that many files now have strange extensions, a ransom note appears on the desktop, and the files cannot be opened. Which malware is most likely responsible?

easy
  • A.Spyware
  • B.Ransomware
  • C.Rootkit
  • D.Worm

Why B: Ransomware is the correct answer because it encrypts the user's files, appends a new extension (e.g., .encrypted or .locked), and displays a ransom note demanding payment for the decryption key. The symptoms of inaccessible files with altered extensions and a visible ransom note are the classic indicators of a ransomware infection, such as those caused by CryptoLocker or LockBit.

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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026

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This SY0-701 practice question is part of Courseiva's free CompTIA certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SY0-701 exam.