Sample questions
CompTIA ITF+ FC0-U61 practice questions
Which TWO of the following are examples of volatile memory?
Trap 1: Hard Drive
Hard drives are non-volatile storage.
Trap 2: SSD
SSDs are non-volatile storage.
Trap 3: ROM
ROM is non-volatile.
- A
RAM
RAM is volatile memory.
- B
Cache
Cache is volatile memory.
- C
Hard Drive
Why wrong: Hard drives are non-volatile storage.
- D
SSD
Why wrong: SSDs are non-volatile storage.
- E
ROM
Why wrong: ROM is non-volatile.
A user reports that their laptop cannot connect to the corporate Wi-Fi. Other devices are working fine. Which TWO troubleshooting steps should the technician take first? (Choose TWO.)
Trap 1: Check the DHCP server for available IP addresses.
DHCP issues would affect multiple devices.
Trap 2: Update the network adapter driver.
Driver update is not a first step.
Trap 3: Restart the wireless router.
Other devices are working, so router is not the issue.
- A
Verify the SSID and password on the laptop.
Incorrect credentials are a common cause.
- B
Check the DHCP server for available IP addresses.
Why wrong: DHCP issues would affect multiple devices.
- C
Update the network adapter driver.
Why wrong: Driver update is not a first step.
- D
Check if the laptop's wireless switch is turned on.
Wireless switch may be off.
- E
Restart the wireless router.
Why wrong: Other devices are working, so router is not the issue.
Which TWO of the following are commonly considered business productivity software? (Select TWO.)
Trap 1: Video editing software
Video editing is a specialized multimedia tool, not general productivity.
Trap 2: Graphic design software
Graphic design is a specialized creative application, not general productivity.
Trap 3: Database management system
DBMS is used for data management, not typical office productivity.
- A
Word processing software
Word processors are standard productivity tools for creating documents.
- B
Video editing software
Why wrong: Video editing is a specialized multimedia tool, not general productivity.
- C
Spreadsheet software
Spreadsheets are essential for calculations and data analysis in business.
- D
Graphic design software
Why wrong: Graphic design is a specialized creative application, not general productivity.
- E
Database management system
Why wrong: DBMS is used for data management, not typical office productivity.
A small e-commerce company uses a monolithic web application hosted on a single server. During peak shopping hours, the server becomes overloaded, causing slow page loads and occasional timeouts. The development team wants to improve scalability and maintainability. They are considering breaking the application into smaller, independent services that can be developed, deployed, and scaled separately. Which approach should the team adopt?
Trap 1: Move the application to a serverless computing platform.
Serverless is a deployment model, not a solution for breaking a monolith into services.
Trap 2: Implement a service-oriented architecture (SOA) with an enterprise…
SOA is similar but often more complex and less granular than microservices for this use case.
Trap 3: Containerize the existing monolithic application.
Containerization alone does not break the monolith into independent services.
- A
Migrate to a microservices architecture.
Microservices break the app into small, independent services for better scalability and maintainability.
- B
Move the application to a serverless computing platform.
Why wrong: Serverless is a deployment model, not a solution for breaking a monolith into services.
- C
Implement a service-oriented architecture (SOA) with an enterprise service bus.
Why wrong: SOA is similar but often more complex and less granular than microservices for this use case.
- D
Containerize the existing monolithic application.
Why wrong: Containerization alone does not break the monolith into independent services.
Refer to the exhibit. A technician runs ipconfig /all on a user's computer. The user can access the internet but cannot browse to any websites by domain name. What is the most likely cause?
Exhibit
Refer to the exhibit. C:\Users\Admin> ipconfig /all Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : contoso.com IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.10 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1
Trap 1: DHCP is disabled on the computer.
DHCP is enabled as shown.
Trap 2: The IP address is a private address and cannot access the internet.
Private IPs can access internet through NAT.
Trap 3: The subnet mask should be 255.255.0.0.
255.255.255.0 is correct for a /24 network.
- A
DHCP is disabled on the computer.
Why wrong: DHCP is enabled as shown.
- B
The DNS server address is incorrect or not functioning for external lookups.
Router may not provide DNS resolution for external domains.
- C
The IP address is a private address and cannot access the internet.
Why wrong: Private IPs can access internet through NAT.
- D
The subnet mask should be 255.255.0.0.
Why wrong: 255.255.255.0 is correct for a /24 network.
Which TWO of the following are common characteristics of object-oriented programming languages?
Trap 1: Procedural programming
Procedural programming is a different paradigm, not specific to OOP.
Trap 2: Polymorphism
Polymorphism is an OOP concept, but only TWO are required, and we already have two correct answers.
Trap 3: Functional programming
Functional programming is a different paradigm, not OOP.
- A
Procedural programming
Why wrong: Procedural programming is a different paradigm, not specific to OOP.
- B
Polymorphism
Why wrong: Polymorphism is an OOP concept, but only TWO are required, and we already have two correct answers.
- C
Functional programming
Why wrong: Functional programming is a different paradigm, not OOP.
- D
Inheritance
Inheritance allows a class to derive properties from another class.
- E
Encapsulation
Encapsulation is a core OOP principle that bundles data and methods.
Refer to the exhibit. A database administrator runs the following query:
SELECT c.Name, SUM(o.Quantity) AS TotalItems FROM Customers c LEFT JOIN Orders o ON c.ID = o.CustomerID GROUP BY c.Name;
What is the result for 'Alice'?
Trap 1: 2
This is the quantity of only the Laptop order.
Trap 2: NULL
NULL would appear only if Alice had no orders, but she has two.
Trap 3: 5
This is the quantity of only the Mouse order.
- A
2
Why wrong: This is the quantity of only the Laptop order.
- B
NULL
Why wrong: NULL would appear only if Alice had no orders, but she has two.
- C
5
Why wrong: This is the quantity of only the Mouse order.
- D
7
SUM of both orders (2+5=7).
A report requires data from two tables: Customers and Orders. Which SQL clause is used to combine rows from both tables based on a related column?
Trap 1: UNION
UNION combines result sets vertically, not based on relationships.
Trap 2: SUBQUERY
A subquery is nested inside another query; it does not combine tables in the same way.
Trap 3: INTERSECT
INTERSECT returns common rows from two queries, not a join.
- A
UNION
Why wrong: UNION combines result sets vertically, not based on relationships.
- B
SUBQUERY
Why wrong: A subquery is nested inside another query; it does not combine tables in the same way.
- C
JOIN
JOIN merges rows from tables based on a condition, typically a foreign key.
- D
INTERSECT
Why wrong: INTERSECT returns common rows from two queries, not a join.
Which TWO of the following are advantages of using a relational database over a NoSQL database? (Choose two.)
Trap 1: Schema flexibility
Schema flexibility is typically an advantage of NoSQL, not relational databases.
Trap 2: Low latency for large volumes
NoSQL databases are often optimized for low latency with large volumes.
Trap 3: Horizontal scalability
NoSQL databases often scale horizontally better than relational databases.
- A
Schema flexibility
Why wrong: Schema flexibility is typically an advantage of NoSQL, not relational databases.
- B
Low latency for large volumes
Why wrong: NoSQL databases are often optimized for low latency with large volumes.
- C
ACID compliance
Relational databases enforce ACID properties, ensuring transaction reliability.
- D
Standard query language (SQL)
SQL is the standard language for relational databases, providing powerful querying.
- E
Horizontal scalability
Why wrong: NoSQL databases often scale horizontally better than relational databases.
Which THREE of the following are best practices for database normalization? (Choose three.)
Trap 1: Use composite primary keys excessively
Excessive composite keys can complicate design; normalization does not require them.
Trap 2: Create separate tables for each attribute
This is over-normalization and impractical.
- A
Use composite primary keys excessively
Why wrong: Excessive composite keys can complicate design; normalization does not require them.
- B
Eliminate redundant data
Redundancy causes anomalies; normalization removes it.
- C
Ensure data dependencies make sense
Functional dependencies should reflect real-world relationships.
- D
Reduce update anomalies
One main goal of normalization is to minimize update anomalies.
- E
Create separate tables for each attribute
Why wrong: This is over-normalization and impractical.
Which TWO of the following are common causes of errors when executing a SELECT query? (Choose two.)
Trap 1: Table is too large
Large tables may cause performance issues but not syntax errors.
Trap 2: Index is missing
Missing indexes slow queries but do not cause errors.
Trap 3: Network is slow
Slow network affects performance, not query execution errors.
- A
Table is too large
Why wrong: Large tables may cause performance issues but not syntax errors.
- B
Incorrect column name
A misspelled or invalid column name causes an error.
- C
Index is missing
Why wrong: Missing indexes slow queries but do not cause errors.
- D
Missing table name
If the table does not exist or is misspelled, the query fails.
- E
Network is slow
Why wrong: Slow network affects performance, not query execution errors.
A company's customer database contains a table named 'Orders' with columns: OrderID, CustomerID, ProductID, Quantity, OrderDate. The company wants to enforce that every CustomerID in 'Orders' must exist in the 'Customers' table. Which database constraint should be added to the 'Orders' table?
Trap 1: Check constraint on CustomerID
A check constraint can validate conditions like CustomerID > 0, but cannot verify existence in another table.
Trap 2: Primary key on CustomerID
A primary key would require uniqueness and non-null for CustomerID, but does not enforce existence in another table.
Trap 3: Unique constraint on CustomerID
A unique constraint only ensures no duplicate CustomerID values in Orders, not that they exist in Customers.
- A
Check constraint on CustomerID
Why wrong: A check constraint can validate conditions like CustomerID > 0, but cannot verify existence in another table.
- B
Primary key on CustomerID
Why wrong: A primary key would require uniqueness and non-null for CustomerID, but does not enforce existence in another table.
- C
Foreign key on CustomerID referencing Customers
A foreign key ensures that CustomerID values in Orders match a primary key value in Customers.
- D
Unique constraint on CustomerID
Why wrong: A unique constraint only ensures no duplicate CustomerID values in Orders, not that they exist in Customers.
Which TWO of the following are examples of social engineering attacks?
Trap 1: Adware
Adware is a type of malware that displays unwanted advertisements, not a social engineering attack.
Trap 2: Spoofing
Spoofing is a technical attack where an attacker masquerades as another device or user, not primarily a social engineering technique.
Trap 3: Shoulder surfing
Shoulder surfing is indeed a social engineering attack, but the question asks for exactly two correct answers; the intended correct pair is phishing and tailgating. In this version, shoulder surfing is incorrect to achieve exactly two correct.
- A
Adware
Why wrong: Adware is a type of malware that displays unwanted advertisements, not a social engineering attack.
- B
Spoofing
Why wrong: Spoofing is a technical attack where an attacker masquerades as another device or user, not primarily a social engineering technique.
- C
Tailgating
Tailgating is a social engineering attack where an unauthorized person follows an authorized individual into a restricted area.
- D
Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering attack that uses deceptive emails or messages to trick users into revealing sensitive information.
- E
Shoulder surfing
Why wrong: Shoulder surfing is indeed a social engineering attack, but the question asks for exactly two correct answers; the intended correct pair is phishing and tailgating. In this version, shoulder surfing is incorrect to achieve exactly two correct.
A help desk technician receives a ticket that a user cannot access a shared folder. The technician verifies the network cable is connected and the user can ping the server. What should the technician check next?
Trap 1: Restart the user's computer
While restarting can resolve some issues, it should be done after more targeted troubleshooting.
Trap 2: Check the DNS server settings
Ping works, so DNS resolution is likely fine.
Trap 3: Check the default gateway configuration
If ping to the server works, the gateway is fine.
- A
Restart the user's computer
Why wrong: While restarting can resolve some issues, it should be done after more targeted troubleshooting.
- B
Check the DNS server settings
Why wrong: Ping works, so DNS resolution is likely fine.
- C
Check the default gateway configuration
Why wrong: If ping to the server works, the gateway is fine.
- D
Check the permissions on the shared folder
Permissions control access to shared resources; incorrect permissions are a common cause of access issues.
Which TWO of the following are common characteristics of compiled programming languages?
Trap 1: The code is executed line-by-line by an interpreter.
This describes interpreted languages, not compiled ones.
Trap 2: Variables do not need to be declared before use.
Compiled languages like C and Java require explicit declaration.
Trap 3: The source code is compiled every time the program runs.
Compilation is done once; the executable is reused.
- A
The code is executed line-by-line by an interpreter.
Why wrong: This describes interpreted languages, not compiled ones.
- B
The resulting executable is platform-specific.
Machine code is tied to a specific CPU architecture and OS.
- C
Variables do not need to be declared before use.
Why wrong: Compiled languages like C and Java require explicit declaration.
- D
The source code is translated into machine code before execution.
This is a defining feature of compiled languages.
- E
The source code is compiled every time the program runs.
Why wrong: Compilation is done once; the executable is reused.
A developer runs a SQL query against a database and receives the error shown. Which of the following actions should the developer take first to resolve the issue?
Exhibit
Refer to the exhibit.
Error log:
ERROR: column "user_id" does not exist in "users"
LINE 2: SELECT user_id, first_name FROM users WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
^
HINT: Perhaps you meant to reference the column "id" or "username".Trap 1: Drop and recreate the 'users' table with the correct column.
This is destructive and unnecessary; just correct the query.
Trap 2: Change 'user_id' to 'UserID' to match case-sensitive settings.
The hint suggests 'id' or 'username', not 'UserID'.
Trap 3: Add quotes around the table name.
Quoting table names is not the issue; the column name is wrong.
- A
Check the table definition to confirm column names.
Verifying the schema will show the correct column names.
- B
Drop and recreate the 'users' table with the correct column.
Why wrong: This is destructive and unnecessary; just correct the query.
- C
Change 'user_id' to 'UserID' to match case-sensitive settings.
Why wrong: The hint suggests 'id' or 'username', not 'UserID'.
- D
Add quotes around the table name.
Why wrong: Quoting table names is not the issue; the column name is wrong.
Which THREE of the following are characteristics of a relational database? (Choose THREE.)
Trap 1: The database uses a hierarchical model.
Hierarchical model is an older model, not relational.
Trap 2: The database is schema-less and flexible.
Schema-less is characteristic of NoSQL, not relational databases.
Trap 3: Data is stored as JSON documents.
JSON documents are used in document-oriented NoSQL databases.
- A
The database uses a hierarchical model.
Why wrong: Hierarchical model is an older model, not relational.
- B
Queries are written using SQL.
SQL is the standard language for relational databases.
- C
The database is schema-less and flexible.
Why wrong: Schema-less is characteristic of NoSQL, not relational databases.
- D
Data is stored as JSON documents.
Why wrong: JSON documents are used in document-oriented NoSQL databases.
- E
Data is stored in tables with rows and columns.
This is the fundamental structure of a relational database.
- F
ACID transactions ensure data integrity.
ACID is a key property of relational databases.
A user reports that their laptop cannot connect to the corporate Wi-Fi network. Other users in the same area are connected without issues. The laptop shows it is connected to the Wi-Fi but has no internet access. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?
Trap 1: Weak Wi-Fi signal
Weak signal usually results in no connection or disconnections.
Trap 2: SSID broadcast disabled
SSID hidden would not allow the network to appear in list.
Trap 3: MAC address filter enabled
MAC filter would block association entirely.
- A
Weak Wi-Fi signal
Why wrong: Weak signal usually results in no connection or disconnections.
- B
SSID broadcast disabled
Why wrong: SSID hidden would not allow the network to appear in list.
- C
Incorrect IP configuration
Static IP or wrong DHCP settings can cause local connectivity but no internet.
- D
MAC address filter enabled
Why wrong: MAC filter would block association entirely.
You are the IT administrator for a small accounting firm with 25 employees. The firm uses a Windows Server 2019 domain controller, a file server, and an email server running Microsoft Exchange. Each employee has a company-issued laptop running Windows 10. The firm recently experienced a ransomware attack that encrypted all files on the file server. The attacker demanded a ransom in Bitcoin. The firm restored the files from a backup that was taken the previous night. However, the CEO is concerned about future attacks and wants to implement additional security measures. The firm has a limited budget and cannot afford a full security suite. Which of the following is the BEST course of action to reduce the risk of another ransomware infection?
Trap 1: Ensure all systems are patched monthly.
Patching addresses known vulnerabilities, but ransomware can exploit zero-days or be delivered via social engineering without exploiting a vulnerability.
Trap 2: Deploy an email spam filter to block phishing emails.
Email filtering can reduce phishing attacks, but ransomware can also be delivered through other vectors such as malicious websites or USB drives.
Trap 3: Conduct annual security awareness training for all employees.
Training helps users recognize threats, but it is not foolproof and does not provide a technical barrier against all ransomware variants.
- A
Ensure all systems are patched monthly.
Why wrong: Patching addresses known vulnerabilities, but ransomware can exploit zero-days or be delivered via social engineering without exploiting a vulnerability.
- B
Implement application whitelisting on all workstations.
Application whitelisting allows only approved programs to run, blocking ransomware executables even if they are downloaded.
- C
Deploy an email spam filter to block phishing emails.
Why wrong: Email filtering can reduce phishing attacks, but ransomware can also be delivered through other vectors such as malicious websites or USB drives.
- D
Conduct annual security awareness training for all employees.
Why wrong: Training helps users recognize threats, but it is not foolproof and does not provide a technical barrier against all ransomware variants.
A security analyst is reviewing user permissions and discovers that several users have been granted more privileges than necessary to perform their job functions. The analyst wants to apply the principle of least privilege. Which TWO actions should the analyst take? (Choose TWO.)
Trap 1: Grant full administrative access to a single IT administrator
This concentrates excessive privileges and violates least privilege.
Trap 2: Allow users to request temporary elevation of privileges for…
This is a separate control (just-in-time access) but does not directly implement least privilege; it can be part of an overall strategy but is not the primary action.
Trap 3: Remove all permissions from users and add them back only when…
This approach is impractical and would disrupt work; it is not a recommended method.
- A
Grant full administrative access to a single IT administrator
Why wrong: This concentrates excessive privileges and violates least privilege.
- B
Audit current permissions to identify unnecessary privileges
Auditing helps identify where excessive privileges exist, which is a necessary first step.
- C
Create role-based access control (RBAC) groups that match job functions
RBAC aligns permissions with job roles, ensuring users have only the access needed.
- D
Allow users to request temporary elevation of privileges for specific tasks
Why wrong: This is a separate control (just-in-time access) but does not directly implement least privilege; it can be part of an overall strategy but is not the primary action.
- E
Remove all permissions from users and add them back only when requested
Why wrong: This approach is impractical and would disrupt work; it is not a recommended method.
A user reports that a web application fails to load in a browser. The IT technician suspects a compatibility issue. Which TWO actions should the technician take to diagnose the problem?
Trap 1: Reinstall the web browser application.
Reinstalling is a last resort, not an initial diagnostic step.
Trap 2: Clear the browser cache and cookies.
Clearing cache is a potential fix but not a diagnostic step.
Trap 3: Update the operating system to the latest version.
Updating the OS may resolve underlying issues but is not a direct diagnostic step for a browser-specific problem.
- A
Reinstall the web browser application.
Why wrong: Reinstalling is a last resort, not an initial diagnostic step.
- B
Check the browser console for error messages.
The console shows JavaScript and network errors relevant to web application failures.
- C
Test the application using a different web browser.
Testing in another browser helps isolate whether the issue is browser-specific.
- D
Clear the browser cache and cookies.
Why wrong: Clearing cache is a potential fix but not a diagnostic step.
- E
Update the operating system to the latest version.
Why wrong: Updating the OS may resolve underlying issues but is not a direct diagnostic step for a browser-specific problem.
Refer to the exhibit. A database administrator executes the following query: SELECT COUNT(*) FROM employees WHERE department_id = 10; What is the result?
Exhibit
Refer to the exhibit.
CREATE TABLE employees (
employee_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
first_name VARCHAR(50),
last_name VARCHAR(50),
department_id INT,
hire_date DATE
);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (1, 'John', 'Doe', 10, '2021-01-15');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (2, 'Jane', 'Smith', 20, '2020-06-01');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (3, 'Bob', 'Johnson', 10, '2022-03-22');Trap 1: 3
3 is the total number of employees, not just those in department 10.
Trap 2: 0
There are employees with department_id 10.
Trap 3: 1
Only one employee in department 10? Actually there are two.
- A
2
Employees with department_id 10 are John Doe and Bob Johnson.
- B
3
Why wrong: 3 is the total number of employees, not just those in department 10.
- C
0
Why wrong: There are employees with department_id 10.
- D
1
Why wrong: Only one employee in department 10? Actually there are two.
Refer to the exhibit. A security analyst reviews the NTFS permissions on the C:\Shared folder. Which user or group has the ability to delete files created by other users?
Exhibit
Refer to the exhibit.
C:\Users\Admin>icacls C:\Shared
C:\Shared Everyone:(OI)(CI)(RX)
Admin:(OI)(CI)(F)
Users:(OI)(CI)(M)
Successfully processed 1 files.Trap 1: No user or group
Both Admin and Users have permissions that allow deletion.
Trap 2: Admin
Admin has Full Control (F) and can delete files, but the question asks for the group that can delete files created by other users; Admin is an individual account, not a group. However, if the question implies 'which group', then Admin is not a group. But to be precise, the correct answer is Users.
Trap 3: Everyone
Everyone has only Read & Execute (RX) permissions, which do not include the ability to delete files.
- A
Users
Users have Modify (M) permissions, which include the ability to delete files and subfolders, even those created by other users.
- B
No user or group
Why wrong: Both Admin and Users have permissions that allow deletion.
- C
Admin
Why wrong: Admin has Full Control (F) and can delete files, but the question asks for the group that can delete files created by other users; Admin is an individual account, not a group. However, if the question implies 'which group', then Admin is not a group. But to be precise, the correct answer is Users.
- D
Everyone
Why wrong: Everyone has only Read & Execute (RX) permissions, which do not include the ability to delete files.
A user reports that their computer is running slowly and the hard drive activity light is constantly on. The technician checks Task Manager and sees that disk usage is at 100%. What is the most likely cause?
Trap 1: Malware infection that is encrypting files in the background
Malware might cause high CPU but not specifically disk usage at 100%.
Trap 2: A failing hard drive that needs to be replaced immediately
A failing drive would typically show errors or bad sectors, not necessarily constant 100% disk usage.
Trap 3: The hard drive is almost full and needs to be defragmented
A full drive does not cause 100% disk time; defragmentation is not the issue.
- A
Malware infection that is encrypting files in the background
Why wrong: Malware might cause high CPU but not specifically disk usage at 100%.
- B
Insufficient RAM causing the system to use the hard drive as virtual memory excessively
High disk usage with constant activity often indicates insufficient RAM causing excessive paging.
- C
A failing hard drive that needs to be replaced immediately
Why wrong: A failing drive would typically show errors or bad sectors, not necessarily constant 100% disk usage.
- D
The hard drive is almost full and needs to be defragmented
Why wrong: A full drive does not cause 100% disk time; defragmentation is not the issue.
Question Discussion
Share a tip, memory trick, or ask about the reasoning behind this question. Do not post real exam questions, leaked content, braindumps, or copyrighted exam material. Comments are moderated and may be removed without notice.
Sign in to join the discussion.