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Cloud Native Application Delivery →hardMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

KCNA Cloud Native Application Delivery Practice Question

This KCNA practice question tests your understanding of cloud native application delivery. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: myapp
spec:
  replicas: 3
  strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 1
      maxUnavailable: 0
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myapp
        image: myapp:1.0
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 500m
            memory: 256Mi
          limits:
            cpu: 1
            memory: 512Mi
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myapp-svc
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  selector:
    app: myapp
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: autoscaling/v2
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: myapp-hpa
spec:
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: myapp
  minReplicas: 3
  maxReplicas: 10
  metrics:
  - type: Resource
    resource:
      name: cpu
      target:
        type: Utilization
        averageUtilization: 70

Refer to the exhibit. The deployment myapp is updated from image myapp:1.0 to myapp:2.0. During the rollout, what is the maximum number of pods that will be unavailable at any given time?

Question 1hardmultiple choice
Full question →

Exhibit

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: myapp
spec:
  replicas: 3
  strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 1
      maxUnavailable: 0
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myapp
        image: myapp:1.0
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 500m
            memory: 256Mi
          limits:
            cpu: 1
            memory: 512Mi
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myapp-svc
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  selector:
    app: myapp
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: autoscaling/v2
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: myapp-hpa
spec:
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: myapp
  minReplicas: 3
  maxReplicas: 10
  metrics:
  - type: Resource
    resource:
      name: cpu
      target:
        type: Utilization
        averageUtilization: 70

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

0

Option B is correct because the deployment strategy defaults to RollingUpdate with a maxUnavailable setting of 25% (rounded up), which for a deployment with 4 replicas allows 1 pod to be unavailable. However, the question states that during the rollout the maximum number of pods that will be unavailable at any given time is 0, which implies the deployment uses a maxSurge and maxUnavailable configuration that ensures no pods are taken down until new ones are ready—this is achieved by setting maxUnavailable to 0 and maxSurge to 1 or more, so the deployment creates a new pod before terminating an old one, guaranteeing zero downtime.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✗

    2

    Why it's wrong here

    maxUnavailable is 0, not 2.

  • ✓

    0

    Why this is correct

    maxUnavailable: 0 ensures at least 3 pods are always available.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

  • ✗

    3

    Why it's wrong here

    maxUnavailable is 0, not 3.

  • ✗

    1

    Why it's wrong here

    maxUnavailable is 0, not 1.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

CNCF often tests the default rolling update behavior (maxUnavailable=25%) to trick candidates into calculating a nonzero value, but the trap here is that the question explicitly describes a scenario where no pods are unavailable, which requires recognizing that maxUnavailable can be set to 0 to achieve zero-downtime updates.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Under the hood, Kubernetes deployments use a controller that reconciles the desired state by managing ReplicaSets; the maxUnavailable and maxSurge fields in the rolling update strategy control the pace of the rollout. When maxUnavailable is set to 0, the controller ensures that the number of available pods never drops below the desired replicas, creating new pods first and only terminating old ones after the new pods are healthy. This behavior is critical for stateful applications or services with strict uptime SLAs, where even a single pod outage during an update could cause cascading failures or violate compliance requirements.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
  • Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
  • Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this KCNA question test?

Cloud Native Application Delivery — This question tests Cloud Native Application Delivery — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: 0 — Option B is correct because the deployment strategy defaults to RollingUpdate with a maxUnavailable setting of 25% (rounded up), which for a deployment with 4 replicas allows 1 pod to be unavailable. However, the question states that during the rollout the maximum number of pods that will be unavailable at any given time is 0, which implies the deployment uses a maxSurge and maxUnavailable configuration that ensures no pods are taken down until new ones are ready—this is achieved by setting maxUnavailable to 0 and maxSurge to 1 or more, so the deployment creates a new pod before terminating an old one, guaranteeing zero downtime.

What should I do if I get this KCNA question wrong?

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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Last reviewed: Jun 30, 2026

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This KCNA practice question is part of Courseiva's free CNCF certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the KCNA exam.