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This page has 15 Refer to the Exhibit Practice Questions scenario questions for the 350-501 exam, each with detailed explanations and wrong-answer analysis.

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Read the full scenario before looking at the answer options. Identify the constraint or requirement in the scenario, then eliminate options that are generally true but wrong for this specific case. Scenario questions reward careful reading over pattern matching.

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Refer to the Exhibit Practice Questions

Practise Cisco SPCOR / CCNP Service Provider Core 350-501 practice questions — original exam-style scenarios covering every exam domain, with detailed explanations, wrong-answer analysis, and common exam traps.

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350-501

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Scenario guide

How to approach refer to the exhibit practice questions

Practise exhibit-style questions that ask you to read a topology, table, command output or diagram before choosing the best answer.

Quick answer

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Practice scenarios

Question 1hardmultiple choice

Read the full MPLS explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer is troubleshooting an MPLS LDP session between two routers. The output shows that the LDP session is operational. However, MPLS labels are not being exchanged. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

Router# show mpls ldp neighbor
    Peer LDP Ident: 10.1.1.2:0; Local LDP Ident: 10.1.1.1:0
        TCP connection: 10.1.1.2.646 - 10.1.1.1.52300
        State: Oper; Msgs sent/rcvd: 100/101; Downstream on demand
        Up time: 01:23:45
        LDP discovery sources:
            GigabitEthernet0/0/0; xc: 10.1.1.2:0
        Addresses bound to peer LDP Ident:
            10.2.2.2        10.3.3.3

A
The peer's addresses are not bound to the LDP Ident.
Why wrong: Addresses are bound as shown.
B
The TCP connection is not using port 646.
Why wrong: The output shows port 646 is used.
C
The LDP label advertisement mode is 'downstream on demand'.
In this mode, labels are only sent on request; if the peer expects unsolicited, labels may not be exchanged.
D
The LDP session is not established.
Why wrong: The session state is Oper, meaning operational.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 2hardmultiple choice

Open the full BGP breakdown →

Refer to the exhibit. A service provider is receiving BGP prefixes from a customer (AS 64512). The provider wants to tag all routes from that customer that match prefix 10.1.0.0/16 or more specific with community 65000:100, while not modifying other routes. After applying the configuration, which statement is true?

Exhibit

router bgp 65000
 neighbor 192.168.1.1 remote-as 64512
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  neighbor 192.168.1.1 route-map SET_COMMUNITY in
 !
route-map SET_COMMUNITY permit 10
 match ip address prefix-list MATCH_CUST_A
 set community 65000:100 additive
!
route-map SET_COMMUNITY deny 20
!
ip prefix-list MATCH_CUST_A seq 5 permit 10.1.0.0/16 le 24

A
Only routes matching 10.1.0.0/16 or more specific will have the community added; other routes remain unchanged.
The route-map permits matching routes with additive community, denies others without affecting acceptance.
B
Routes with a mask longer than /24 will be rejected by the prefix-list.
Why wrong: The le 24 allows masks up to /24, not longer.
C
All routes from the customer will have their communities replaced with 65000:100.
Why wrong: The additive keyword appends, not replaces.
D
Routes not matching the prefix-list will be denied and not installed.
Why wrong: Deny in route-map does not filter routes; it only skips setting community.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 3hardmultiple choice

Study the full QoS explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. A service provider is applying this QoS policy on a PE-CE interface. The business customer complains that voice traffic (marked with DSCP EF) experiences drops during congestion. What is the likely cause?

Exhibit

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
 ipv4 address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
 service-policy output QOS_POLICY
!
class-map match-any REALTIME
 match precedence 5
 match dscp ef
!
policy-map QOS_POLICY
 class REALTIME
  priority level 1
  police rate percent 10
 class class-default
  bandwidth remaining ratio 1

A
The police rate under the REALTIME class is limiting voice traffic to 10% of bandwidth.
Policing drops traffic exceeding 10%.
B
The priority level is set too low; voice should be priority level 4.
Why wrong: Priority level only affects the order of multiple priority queues; level 1 is highest.
C
The 'bandwidth remaining ratio' command under class-default is starving the priority queue.
Why wrong: The priority queue is not affected by bandwidth remaining ratio.
D
The policy is applied in the output direction; it should be input.
Why wrong: Output direction is correct for shaping/policing egress traffic.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 4mediummultiple choice

Study the full QoS explanation →

Based on the exhibit, which statement is true about the QoS policy?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

class-map match-any VIDEO
 match ip dscp af41 af42 af43
!
class-map match-all VOICE
 match ip dscp ef
!
policy-map QOS-POLICY
 class VOICE
  priority percent 10
 class VIDEO
  bandwidth remaining percent 30
 class class-default
  fair-queue
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 service-policy output QOS-POLICY

A
The class-default will use weighted fair queuing (WFQ).
Why wrong: 'fair-queue' is used, which is a flow-based queuing, not CBWFQ.
B
The VIDEO class will be limited to 30% of the total interface bandwidth.
Why wrong: 'bandwidth remaining percent' provides a minimum guarantee, not a maximum limit.
C
The VOICE class is allocated a strict priority queue with a bandwidth limit of 10% of the interface bandwidth.
The 'priority percent 10' command provides a strict priority queue with a bandwidth limit of 10%.
D
The VIDEO class is guaranteed at least 30% of the total interface bandwidth.
Why wrong: 'bandwidth remaining percent' guarantees a percentage of the remaining bandwidth after priority, not total bandwidth.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 5hardmultiple choice

Open the full BGP breakdown →

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer is configuring Segment Routing for BGP (BGP-SR) on a PE router to assign labels to prefixes learned from a CE. The route-policy SET-LABEL is applied to the neighbor under the address-family ipv4 unicast. However, the CE prefix 10.1.1.0/24 is not receiving the label. What is the most likely reason?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

router bgp 65000
 neighbor 10.0.0.1 remote-as 65001
 neighbor 10.0.0.1 update-source Loopback0
 !
 address-family vpnv4
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 activate
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 send-community extended
 exit-address-family
!
route-policy SET-LABEL
  if destination in (10.1.1.0/24) then
    set label-index 100
  endif
 end-policy

A
The route-policy syntax is incorrect; 'destination' should be 'ip prefix-list'.
Why wrong: The 'destination' condition in route-policy is valid and can match a prefix directly.
B
The update-source should be the interface facing the CE, not Loopback0.
Why wrong: The update-source Loopback0 is appropriate for BGP sessions between PEs, but for a CE-facing session, the direct interface should be used; however, this would not prevent label assignment, only session establishment.
C
The neighbor is missing 'send-community extended' under address-family ipv4 unicast.
BGP-SR uses the prefix-SID attribute carried in extended communities; without this, labels are not advertised.
D
The 'set label-index' command should be 'set label' for BGP-SR.
Why wrong: In BGP-SR, 'set label-index' is the correct command to assign a label index for a prefix-SID.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 6mediummultiple choice

Read the full VPN explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. CE1 is not receiving the VPNv4 route for the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

PE1 configuration snippet:
 router bgp 65000
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 remote-as 65000
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 update-source Loopback0
  !
  address-family vpnv4
   neighbor 10.0.0.2 activate
   neighbor 10.0.0.2 send-community extended
  !
  address-family ipv4 vrf CUSTOMER_A
   redistribute connected
  !

CE1 configuration snippet:
 interface GigabitEthernet0/0
  ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
  no shutdown
 !
 router bgp 65001
  network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
  neighbor 10.1.1.1 remote-as 65000

Question 7mediummulti select

Study the full QoS explanation →

Which TWO statements accurately describe the behavior of the QoS policy shown in the exhibit?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

class-map match-any VOICE
 match ip dscp ef
class-map match-any VIDEO
 match ip dscp af41 af42
class-map match-any DATA
 match ip dscp default
!
policy-map QOS_POLICY
 class VOICE
  priority level 1
  set mpls experimental topmost 5
 class VIDEO
  bandwidth remaining percent 30
  set mpls experimental topmost 4
 class DATA
  bandwidth remaining percent 70
  set mpls experimental topmost 0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 service-policy output QOS_POLICY

A
The policy shapes the total output traffic to 30 Mbps.
Why wrong: No shaping command is present; the policy only manages queuing.
B
During congestion, video traffic is allocated 30% of the remaining bandwidth after voice is served.
Bandwidth remaining percent allocates a percentage of the available bandwidth after priority queues are serviced.
C
Video traffic is placed in a strict priority queue.
Why wrong: Video uses bandwidth remaining percent, not priority.
D
The policy polices voice traffic to a maximum of 30% of the interface bandwidth.
Why wrong: No police command is configured; the priority queue can consume all available bandwidth.
E
Voice traffic is guaranteed to be sent before any other traffic.
Priority level 1 ensures voice is dequeued first.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 8hardmultiple choice

Study the full QoS explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. A network automation engineer uses NETCONF to retrieve the QoS policy 'POLICE-CUSTOMER'. Based on the response, what is the effect of this policy?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

<rpc xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
 <get>
  <filter type="subtree">
   <policy-maps xmlns="http://cisco.com/ns/yang/Cisco-IOS-XR-qos-ma-cfg">
    <policy-map>
     <type>qos</type>
     <name>POLICE-CUSTOMER</name>
    </policy-map>
   </policy-maps>
  </filter>
 </get>
</rpc>

Response:
<data xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
 <policy-maps xmlns="http://cisco.com/ns/yang/Cisco-IOS-XR-qos-ma-cfg">
  <policy-map>
   <type>qos</type>
   <name>POLICE-CUSTOMER</name>
   <class>
    <name>class-default</name>
    <police>
     <cir>256000</cir>
     <conform-action>transmit</conform-action>
     <exceed-action>drop</exceed-action>
    </police>
   </class>
  </policy-map>
 </policy-maps>
</data>

A
It polices all traffic to a maximum of 256 kbps and drops excess.
Correct: Policer with exceed-action drop.
B
It sets DSCP CS4 on traffic exceeding 256 kbps.
Why wrong: No marking action is configured.
C
It guarantees a priority queue for traffic up to 256 kbps.
Why wrong: No priority queue; it's a policer.
D
It shapes traffic to an average rate of 256 kbps.
Why wrong: Shaping queues excess; this policy drops, so it's policing, not shaping.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 9easymultiple choice

Full question →

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer monitors the queue depths on a core interface. Which class is experiencing the most congestion?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

RP/0/0/CPU0:router# show qos interface gigabitEthernet 0/0/0/0

Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
Bandwidth configured: 1000000 kbps
Policy: QOS_BUSINESS
Class: VOICE
Queue ID: 1
Taildrop thresholds: 50 packets
Average queue depth: 12 packets
Maximum queue depth: 48 packets
Class: BEST_EFFORT
Queue ID: 2
Taildrop thresholds: 600 packets
Average queue depth: 580 packets
Maximum queue depth: 650 packets

A
The interface is not congested because bandwidth is 1 Gbps.
Why wrong: Congestion is determined by queue depth, not total bandwidth.
B
Voice class, because it has a taildrop threshold.
Why wrong: Voice depth is far below threshold.
C
Both classes equally, because they both have taildropping.
Why wrong: Voice is not congested.
D
Best-effort class, because its average depth is 580.
Correct: Nearly at taildrop threshold of 600, and exceeded max.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 10hardmultiple choice

Read the full MPLS explanation →

A service provider is deploying a new MPLS core with Segment Routing and requires fast convergence upon link failure. They plan to use TI-LFA (Topology Independent Loop-Free Alternate). What is a prerequisite for TI-LFA to provide protection against any single link failure?

A
IGP must be a link-state protocol with complete topology information (OSPF or IS-IS).
TI-LFA uses the link-state database to compute backup paths.
B
BGP-LU must be enabled for label distribution.
Why wrong: BGP-LU is not required for TI-LFA.
C
LDP must be enabled on all interfaces.
Why wrong: TI-LFA is independent of LDP.
D
RSVP-TE must be configured with FRR.
Why wrong: TI-LFA does not use RSVP-TE.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 11mediummultiple choice

Review the full routing breakdown →

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer configured Segment Routing on a router. However, the router does not advertise a Prefix-SID for the loopback0 interface. What is the most likely reason?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
 mpls ip
 segment-routing mpls
!
router ospf 1
 segment-routing mpls
 prefix-sid index 100
 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.255
 ip ospf 1 area 0
!

A
The loopback is not included in any OSPF network statement.
Why wrong: The loopback is enabled under OSPF via 'ip ospf 1 area 0'.
B
The 'prefix-sid index' command is not associated with the loopback prefix; it should be configured under the OSPF process for that specific prefix.
The prefix-sid index under OSPF is generic; it needs to be tied to the specific prefix, e.g., 'prefix-sid index 100 192.168.1.1/32'.
C
The 'segment-routing mpls' command is missing under the loopback interface.
Why wrong: The loopback does not need 'segment-routing mpls' under it; SR is enabled globally and under the OSPF process.
D
The 'mpls ip' command is missing on the loopback interface.
Why wrong: 'mpls ip' is not required on loopback for SR; it's for LDP.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 12mediummultiple choice

Full question →

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer notices that the local label 19 for prefix 10.4.4.0/24 shows 'Untagged' in the outgoing label column. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

PE1# show mpls forwarding-table
Local  Outgoing    Prefix           Bytes Label   Outgoing   Next Hop
Label  Label       or Tunnel Id     Switched      interface
16     Pop Label   10.1.1.0/24      0             Gi0/0/0    192.168.1.1
17     18          10.2.2.0/24      0             Gi0/0/1    192.168.2.2
18     19          10.3.3.0/24      0             Gi0/0/1    192.168.2.2
19     Untagged    10.4.4.0/24      0             Gi0/0/2    192.168.3.3

A
The next-hop router 192.168.3.3 is unreachable.
Why wrong: If unreachable, the entry would not be in the LFIB.
B
Penultimate Hop Popping is enabled on the next-hop router.
Why wrong: PHP would show 'Pop Label', not 'Untagged'.
C
The MTU on interface Gi0/0/2 is too small.
Why wrong: MTU does not affect label assignment.
D
LDP is not enabled on the interface toward 192.168.3.3.
If LDP is not enabled, no label is received from the next-hop, resulting in 'Untagged'.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 13mediummultiple choice

Read the full MPLS explanation →

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is troubleshooting MPLS forwarding for prefix 10.10.10.0/24. The router shows two entries. What does the 'Pop tag' in the outgoing tag indicate?

Exhibit

Router# show mpls forwarding-table 10.10.10.0/24
Local tag  Outgoing tag  Prefix         Outgoing interface  Bytes tag switched
16           Pop tag       10.10.10.0/24   GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0  345678
17           Untagged     10.10.10.0/24   GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1  123456

A
The router will swap the label with the local label 16.
Why wrong: Local tag is the incoming label, not outgoing.
B
The router has received an error in label distribution.
Why wrong: PHP is normal behavior.
C
The router will pop the MPLS label before forwarding the packet.
PHP is performed by the penultimate router.
D
The router will forward the packet without an MPLS label.
Why wrong: That is indicated by 'Untagged'.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 14mediummultiple choice

Review the full OSPF breakdown →

Refer to the exhibit. The router cannot form a full OSPF adjacency with 10.0.0.2. Which is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
10.0.0.2        1    EXSTART/DR     00:00:35    10.0.1.2        GigabitEthernet0/0

A
Duplicate router IDs.
Why wrong: Duplicate router IDs can cause confusion but not typically EXSTART state.
B
Mismatched authentication.
Why wrong: Authentication mismatch prevents adjacency; state would not reach EXSTART.
C
Mismatched hello interval.
Why wrong: Mismatched hello/dead intervals prevent adjacency from forming, staying in DOWN state.
D
Mismatched MTU.
OSPF Database Description packets include MTU; a mismatch prevents progression from EXSTART.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Question 15mediummultiple choice

Full question →

Based on the exhibit, which prefix is missing a label binding and likely causing traffic to be dropped?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit. The output below is from a Cisco router.

R1# show mpls forwarding-table
Local      Outgoing   Prefix           Bytes Label   Outgoing   Next Hop    
Label      Label     or Tunnel Id     Switched      interface              
16         27        10.1.1.0/24      0             Gi0/0      172.16.1.2
17         31        10.2.2.0/24      0             Gi0/0      172.16.1.2
18         Pop Label 10.3.3.0/24      0             Gi0/1      172.16.2.2
19         No Label  10.4.4.0/24      no vif        Gi0/2      172.16.3.2
20         35        10.5.5.0/24      0             Gi0/0      172.16.1.2

A
10.2.2.0/24
Why wrong: This prefix has an outgoing label (31), so it is working.
B
10.1.1.0/24
Why wrong: This prefix has an outgoing label (27), so it is working.
C
10.4.4.0/24
'No Label' means no label binding exists; traffic to this prefix will be dropped.
D
10.3.3.0/24
Why wrong: 'Pop Label' is a valid operation (PHP), so traffic can still be forwarded.
E
10.5.5.0/24
Why wrong: This prefix has an outgoing label (35), so it is working.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

These 350-501 practice questions are part of Courseiva's free Cisco certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style 350-501 questions with detailed explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics.

Refer to the Exhibit Practice Questions

How to approach refer to the exhibit practice questions

Quick answer

Related 350-501 topic practice pages

Architecture practice questions

Networking practice questions

MPLS and Segment Routing practice questions

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Services practice questions

Automation and Assurance practice questions

350-501 fundamentals practice questions

350-501 scenario practice questions

350-501 troubleshooting practice questions

Practice scenarios

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer is troubleshooting an MPLS LDP session between two routers. The output shows that the LDP session is operational. However, MPLS labels are not being exchanged. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit. A service provider is applying this QoS policy on a PE-CE interface. The business customer complains that voice traffic (marked with DSCP EF) experiences drops during congestion. What is the likely cause?

Exhibit

Based on the exhibit, which statement is true about the QoS policy?

Exhibit

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit. CE1 is not receiving the VPNv4 route for the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

Which TWO statements accurately describe the behavior of the QoS policy shown in the exhibit?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit. A network automation engineer uses NETCONF to retrieve the QoS policy 'POLICE-CUSTOMER'. Based on the response, what is the effect of this policy?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer monitors the queue depths on a core interface. Which class is experiencing the most congestion?

Exhibit

A service provider is deploying a new MPLS core with Segment Routing and requires fast convergence upon link failure. They plan to use TI-LFA (Topology Independent Loop-Free Alternate). What is a prerequisite for TI-LFA to provide protection against any single link failure?

Refer to the exhibit. An engineer configured Segment Routing on a router. However, the router does not advertise a Prefix-SID for the loopback0 interface. What is the most likely reason?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer notices that the local label 19 for prefix 10.4.4.0/24 shows 'Untagged' in the outgoing label column. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is troubleshooting MPLS forwarding for prefix 10.10.10.0/24. The router shows two entries. What does the 'Pop tag' in the outgoing tag indicate?

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit. The router cannot form a full OSPF adjacency with 10.0.0.2. Which is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

Based on the exhibit, which prefix is missing a label binding and likely causing traffic to be dropped?

Exhibit