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CCNA Migration Modernization Questions

75 of 331 questions · Page 3/5 · Migration Modernization topic · Answers revealed

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151
MCQhard

A company is migrating a legacy .NET application to AWS. The application currently uses Windows Authentication and a SQL Server database. The company wants to reduce licensing costs and use managed services where possible. The migration should minimize code changes. Which combination of services meets these requirements?

A.Amazon EC2 instances with SQL Server installed and AWS Directory Service for AD
B.AWS Lambda for the application logic and Amazon DynamoDB for the database
C.Amazon ECS with Windows containers, Amazon RDS for SQL Server, and AWS SSO
D.AWS Elastic Beanstalk for the .NET application, Amazon RDS for SQL Server, and AWS Managed Microsoft AD
AnswerD

Elastic Beanstalk supports .NET, RDS for SQL Server is managed, and Managed AD provides Windows Authentication.

Why this answer

AWS Managed Microsoft AD provides Windows Authentication compatibility. Amazon RDS for SQL Server is a managed database service that reduces operational overhead and licensing costs compared to self-managed SQL Server. AWS Elastic Beanstalk supports .NET applications.

This combination minimizes code changes. Lambda does not support .NET Windows Authentication natively; DynamoDB is not compatible; EC2 does not reduce licensing costs.

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152
Multi-Selecthard

A company is migrating a large-scale application to AWS. The application uses a message queue for decoupling components. The current on-premises solution uses RabbitMQ. The company wants a managed service that supports message durability and at-least-once delivery. Which THREE AWS services meet these requirements? (Choose THREE.)

Select 3 answers
A.Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) topic.
B.Amazon MQ (managed RabbitMQ broker).
C.Amazon SQS FIFO queue.
D.Amazon Kinesis Data Streams.
E.Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) standard queue.
AnswersB, C, E

Managed RabbitMQ service, supports durability.

Why this answer

Options B, C, and E are correct. Amazon MQ is a managed message broker service that supports RabbitMQ, providing message durability and at-least-once delivery. Amazon SQS FIFO queues guarantee exactly-once processing while also offering at-least-once delivery and durability.

Amazon SQS standard queues provide at-least-once delivery and durability. Option A is incorrect because Amazon SNS is a pub/sub messaging service, not a queue, and does not support the same durability and delivery semantics as a message queue. Option D is incorrect because Amazon Kinesis Data Streams is designed for real-time streaming data ingestion, not as a traditional message queue, and does not guarantee at-least-once delivery in the same way.

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153
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a batch processing workload to AWS. The workload reads input files from an on-premises NFS server, processes them, and writes output files. The company wants to use AWS managed services and minimize operational overhead. Which TWO AWS services should the company use to replace the on-premises NFS server? (Choose TWO.)

Select 2 answers
A.Amazon S3 with S3 File Gateway.
B.AWS DataSync to transfer files from on-premises to Amazon EFS.
C.AWS Storage Gateway File Gateway.
D.Amazon EBS with a shared snapshot.
E.Amazon EFS (Elastic File System).
AnswersB, E

DataSync automates data transfer to AWS.

Why this answer

Options B and E are correct. AWS DataSync efficiently transfers data from the on-premises NFS server to Amazon EFS, and Amazon EFS provides a fully managed NFS file system that the batch processing workload can use directly. Option A (S3 with S3 File Gateway) is not ideal because S3 File Gateway presents S3 as a file share but adds complexity.

Option C (Storage Gateway File Gateway) can provide an NFS mount, but DataSync is specifically for data transfer, and for ongoing access, EFS is better. Option D (EBS with shared snapshot) is wrong because EBS is block storage, not file, and shared snapshots do not provide a writable file system.

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154
Multi-Selectmedium

Which TWO of the following are best practices for migrating a large-scale relational database to Amazon Aurora using AWS DMS? (Choose two.)

Select 2 answers
A.Use multiple parallel DMS tasks to improve throughput
B.Disable foreign key constraints on the target database during migration to speed up the load
C.Use the largest DMS replication instance to maximize performance
D.Enable validation on the DMS task to ensure data consistency after migration
E.Migrate while the source database is fully active without any downtime
AnswersA, D

Parallel tasks increase performance.

Why this answer

Using parallel tasks improves throughput. Validating data after migration ensures consistency. Disabling foreign keys may cause data integrity issues.

Using largest instance type may not be cost-effective. Using CDC reduces downtime.

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155
MCQhard

A company is migrating a large-scale batch processing workload to AWS. The workload runs on a schedule and processes terabytes of data. The migration must be cost-effective. Which AWS service is best suited for this workload?

A.Amazon EMR
B.AWS Lambda
C.AWS Batch
D.Amazon EC2 with Auto Scaling
AnswerC

AWS Batch is a fully managed batch computing service that dynamically provisions compute resources.

Why this answer

AWS Batch is designed for batch computing and can automatically provision the optimal quantity and type of compute resources. Option A is wrong because Amazon EMR is optimized for big data frameworks like Spark, not general batch processing. Option B is wrong because AWS Lambda has a 15-minute timeout and limited memory, making it unsuitable for large-scale batch processing.

Option D is wrong because Amazon EC2 with Auto Scaling requires more manual management of instances compared to AWS Batch.

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156
MCQhard

A company is migrating a critical application from on-premises to AWS. The application uses a Microsoft SQL Server database with Always On Availability Groups for high availability. The company wants to use Amazon RDS for SQL Server to reduce management overhead. The database size is 500 GB. The migration must have minimal downtime and support transactional consistency. The company has a VPN connection to AWS. Which migration strategy should the company use?

A.Use AWS DMS with a full-load migration and ongoing replication from the on-premises SQL Server to RDS for SQL Server.
B.Take a full backup of the database, restore it to RDS, and then schedule a final backup and restore after cutting over.
C.Use the SQL Server Import/Export Wizard to copy data from on-premises to RDS over the VPN.
D.Use AWS SCT to convert the database schema and then use AWS DMS for data migration.
AnswerA

DMS supports full load and CDC for minimal downtime.

Why this answer

AWS DMS supports ongoing replication from SQL Server to RDS for SQL Server using native CDC capabilities, enabling minimal downtime. Option B is wrong because native backup/restore requires downtime and does not support ongoing replication. Option C is wrong because exporting data with SQL Server Import/Export Wizard requires downtime and does not support ongoing sync.

Option D is wrong because SCT is for schema conversion, not data migration; also, the question states the database is SQL Server to RDS for SQL Server, so schema conversion is not needed.

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157
MCQhard

A company is migrating a legacy on-premises application to AWS. The application consists of a web server, an application server, and a MySQL database. The company has already migrated the web and application servers to EC2 instances in a VPC. The database is still on-premises. The application currently connects to the database using a JDBC connection string with the on-premises IP address. The company wants to minimize changes to the application code. The network team has established an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises data center and the VPC. The security team requires that traffic between the application and the database be encrypted in transit. The database is not publicly accessible. The migration plan includes moving the database to Amazon RDS for MySQL in the same VPC after the initial cutover. During the migration testing phase, the application team reports that the application can connect to the on-premises database but performance is slower than expected. CloudWatch metrics show high latency on the database connections. The application uses a connection pool with 100 connections. Which solution should the solutions architect recommend to improve performance while minimizing application code changes?

A.Increase the connection pool size to 200 and enable connection multiplexing
B.Deploy an Amazon RDS for MySQL read replica in the same Region and direct read traffic to it
C.Use AWS Database Migration Service to set up ongoing replication from on-premises to RDS
D.Enable Multi-AZ on the RDS instance
AnswerC

Using DMS with ongoing replication creates an RDS instance in the VPC that stays synchronized with the on-premises database. The application can then be pointed to this local RDS instance, drastically reducing latency. This is the most effective solution with minimal application changes.

Why this answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with ongoing replication can continuously replicate data from the on-premises MySQL database to an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance in the same VPC. This allows the application to connect to the local RDS instance, significantly reducing latency compared to the Direct Connect link. To minimize code changes, the application's JDBC connection string can be updated to point to the RDS endpoint, or a DNS CNAME can be used to abstract the change.

Option A (increasing connection pool size) does not reduce network latency and may worsen performance. Option B (read replica) is not feasible because an RDS read replica can only replicate from an RDS primary, not from an on-premises database. Option D (Multi-AZ) is not applicable until the database is on AWS and does not improve latency.

Exam trap

Candidates may incorrectly choose option B (read replica) thinking it can replicate from on-premises, but RDS read replicas only work with an RDS source. The correct approach is to use DMS to replicate the on-premises database to an RDS instance in the cloud.

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158
MCQhard

A company is migrating a monolithic application to microservices on AWS. The application uses a shared MySQL database. The team wants to decouple the database per microservice. Which strategy should the team use to minimize downtime during migration?

A.Rehost the application on EC2 and use a single RDS MySQL instance for all microservices.
B.Use the strangler fig pattern to gradually migrate functionality to microservices, each with its own database.
C.Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to replicate the shared database to multiple target databases in real time.
D.Rewrite the entire application as microservices in a single release, using a shared database initially.
AnswerB

The strangler fig pattern allows incremental migration with minimal downtime.

Why this answer

The strangler fig pattern incrementally replaces parts of the monolith. Option A is wrong because re-platforming as-is does not decouple the database. Option C is wrong because a single shared database contradicts microservices.

Option D is wrong because rewriting the entire application at once increases risk and downtime.

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159
Multi-Selecthard

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS and needs to ensure high availability across AWS Regions. The application uses a relational database. Which THREE components are necessary for this multi-region architecture?

Select 3 answers
A.Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployment
B.Application Load Balancer in each region
C.Amazon Route 53 with failover routing policy
D.Amazon RDS cross-Region read replica
E.VPC peering between regions
AnswersB, C, D

Distributes traffic within region.

Why this answer

For a multi-region architecture ensuring high availability, three key components are required: an Application Load Balancer in each region to distribute traffic locally, Amazon Route 53 with failover routing policy to direct traffic to the healthy region, and an Amazon RDS cross-Region read replica to provide database disaster recovery and read scalability. Option A (RDS Multi-AZ) is incorrect because it only provides high availability within a single region, not across regions. Option E (VPC peering) is incorrect because VPC peering does not provide high availability; it is a networking feature for connecting VPCs, typically within the same region or across regions for private communication, but it is not a component for multi-region HA architecture.

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160
MCQmedium

A company is migrating its on-premises VMware virtual machines to AWS. The company wants to use the same VM images and has a 10 Gbps direct connect link. Which service should be used to automate the migration of the VMs?

A.AWS Migration Hub
B.AWS DataSync
C.AWS VM Import/Export
D.AWS Server Migration Service
AnswerC

Directly imports VMware VMs as EC2 instances.

Why this answer

AWS VM Import/Export enables the import of existing VM images (including VMware) from on-premises into EC2, making it the correct choice for migrating existing VM images. Option A (AWS Migration Hub) is a tracking and management service, not a migration tool. Option B (AWS DataSync) is used for transferring file and object storage, not VM images.

Option D (AWS Server Migration Service) is deprecated and is not the recommended service for this use case; AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) is the modern replacement, but VM Import/Export directly supports importing images without agent installation.

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161
MCQmedium

A company is migrating its on-premises application to AWS and needs to maintain the same private IP addresses for the application servers. The on-premises network uses 10.0.0.0/16. Which AWS service allows the company to extend its on-premises network to AWS and preserve IP addresses?

A.AWS Transit Gateway
B.VPC Peering
C.AWS Site-to-Site VPN
D.AWS Direct Connect
AnswerC

AWS Site-to-Site VPN creates a secure tunnel between the on-premises network and the VPC, enabling the use of the same private IP addresses in the VPC.

Why this answer

WS Site-to-Site VPN (Option C). This service creates an encrypted connection between the on-premises network and the VPC, allowing the company to extend its on-premises IP address range (10.0.0.0/16) into AWS, thereby preserving the private IP addresses for application servers. AWS Transit Gateway (Option A) is a hub that connects multiple VPCs and on-premises networks but requires VPN or Direct Connect attachments; it does not directly provide IP preservation.

VPC Peering (Option B) connects VPCs within AWS, not on-premises networks. AWS Direct Connect (Option D) provides a dedicated private connection but does not inherently preserve IP addresses; it can be used with VPN to achieve IP preservation.

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162
MCQhard

A company is modernizing a legacy Java application to run on AWS. The application currently uses a monolithic architecture with a shared MySQL database. The company wants to adopt a microservices architecture using containers and wants to decouple the database. The solutions architect proposes using Amazon ECS with Fargate for compute and Amazon RDS for MySQL for the database. However, during the transition, the performance team notices that the database CPU utilization is consistently above 80% during peak hours. The application logs show many slow queries. The team suspects that the database is the bottleneck. The company wants to improve performance without rewriting the application. Which action should the solutions architect take first?

A.Enable Amazon RDS Performance Insights to identify the most resource-intensive queries.
B.Add an RDS read replica and direct read traffic to it.
C.Scale up the RDS instance to a larger instance type.
D.Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB to eliminate relational bottlenecks.
AnswerA

First step: diagnose the problem.

Why this answer

The first step to address the database bottleneck is to identify the root cause of the slow queries. Enabling Amazon RDS Performance Insights provides detailed visibility into query performance, allowing the team to pinpoint the most resource-intensive queries and their execution plans. This diagnostic information guides further optimization efforts (e.g., indexing, query rewriting, or schema changes) without requiring application code changes.

Options B and C are premature without understanding which queries are problematic; a read replica would not help if the bottleneck is write-heavy or if reads are already well-distributed, and scaling up may only mask the issue. Option D would require significant application rewriting, which contradicts the requirement to improve performance without rewriting the application.

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163
MCQmedium

A company is migrating its on-premises PostgreSQL database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The database is 2 TB in size and has a 24-hour maintenance window on weekends. The company needs to minimize downtime and ensure data consistency. Which strategy should the solutions architect recommend?

A.Create an Aurora read replica from the on-premises database using a VPN connection.
B.Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication from the on-premises database to Aurora, then perform a cutover during the maintenance window.
C.Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to convert the schema and then use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with full load only.
D.Perform a full pg_dump of the on-premises database and restore it to Aurora using pg_restore.
AnswerB

Ongoing replication keeps data in sync with minimal downtime during cutover, leveraging the maintenance window.

Why this answer

AWS DMS with ongoing replication (change data capture, CDC) allows the on-premises PostgreSQL database to be continuously synchronized with the target Aurora PostgreSQL cluster, minimizing downtime. When the cutover is performed during the 24-hour maintenance window, data consistency is ensured because all changes up to that point have been replicated. This approach avoids the need for a lengthy full database dump and restore, which would cause extended downtime.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates often assume a full dump and restore (pg_dump/pg_restore) is the simplest approach, but they overlook the massive downtime it requires for a 2 TB database, whereas DMS with CDC is designed specifically to minimize downtime for large-scale migrations.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because Aurora read replicas can only be created from an existing Aurora DB cluster, not from an on-premises database; a VPN connection alone does not enable this replication. Option C is wrong because AWS SCT is used for schema conversion (not needed here since both are PostgreSQL), and a full-load-only DMS task would not capture ongoing changes, leading to data inconsistency and longer downtime. Option D is wrong because performing a full pg_dump and pg_restore would require the on-premises database to be offline for the duration of the dump and restore, causing significant downtime that exceeds the maintenance window.

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164
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a legacy application to AWS. The application has hardcoded IP addresses and uses non-HTTP protocols. The solutions architect needs to minimize changes to the application code. Which migration pattern should be used?

A.Use AWS Global Accelerator to assign static IP addresses.
B.Containerize the application and use service discovery.
C.Rehost the application on EC2 instances with the same IP addresses using Elastic IPs.
D.Refactor the application to use DNS names instead of IP addresses.
AnswerC

Rehosting (lift-and-shift) on EC2 instances with Elastic IPs allows the application to retain the same IP addresses, minimizing code changes.

Why this answer

Rehosting (lift-and-shift) with EC2 instances and Elastic IPs allows the application to retain its hardcoded IP addresses with minimal code changes. Option A is wrong because AWS Global Accelerator provides static IP addresses for front-end traffic, but the application's hardcoded IPs are internal; changing to use Global Accelerator still requires code modifications. Option B is wrong because containerization and service discovery require code changes to integrate with service discovery.

Option D is wrong because refactoring to use DNS names requires modifying the application code.

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165
MCQhard

A company is migrating a legacy API to Amazon API Gateway and Lambda. The API currently uses long-polling to retrieve messages from a queue. The migration must maintain the same client behavior. Which AWS service should replace the long-polling mechanism?

A.Use Amazon SQS with long polling enabled.
B.Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with enhanced fan-out.
C.Use Amazon MQ (ActiveMQ) with STOMP protocol.
D.Use API Gateway WebSocket APIs to maintain persistent connections.
AnswerD

WebSocket APIs allow persistent connections, replacing long-polling.

Why this answer

API Gateway WebSocket APIs enable persistent, bidirectional communication between client and server, allowing the server to push messages to clients without polling. This matches the client's existing long-polling behavior by providing a real-time, event-driven mechanism. Option A (SQS with long polling) still requires the client to poll, which does not eliminate the polling overhead.

Option B (Kinesis Data Streams with enhanced fan-out) is designed for streaming data and does not offer a direct polling replacement. Option C (Amazon MQ with STOMP) is a managed message broker but still relies on client-initiated connections or polling, not persistent server-push.

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166
MCQhard

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS and needs to ensure it meets a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 15 minutes and a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 5 minutes. The application runs on EC2 with an EBS volume. Which configuration should the company use?

A.Multi-AZ deployment with synchronous replication between two instances.
B.Single EC2 instance with EBS snapshots every 5 minutes.
C.Two EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group with a warm standby.
D.EC2 instance with Elastic Disaster Recovery service.
AnswerD

Correct. AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery provides continuous replication with low RPO and fast recovery, meeting the 15-minute RTO and 5-minute RPO requirements.

Why this answer

AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery (AWS DRS) provides continuous replication with near-zero RPO (typically seconds) and can meet an RTO of minutes. For an EC2 instance with an EBS volume, DRS replicates the entire server and enables rapid recovery in the same AWS Region or another Region, achieving the required 15-minute RTO and 5-minute RPO. Option A is incorrect because standard EC2 instances do not support synchronous replication between two instances—Multi-AZ is a feature of managed services like RDS, not for general EC2/EBS.

Option B is wrong because EBS snapshots taken every 5 minutes achieve a 5-minute RPO, but restoring from a snapshot takes longer than 15 minutes, failing the RTO. Option C is wrong because an Auto Scaling group with warm standby does not guarantee stateful synchronous replication, and recovery time may exceed 15 minutes without additional orchestration.

Exam trap

The trap is assuming that Multi-AZ synchronous replication is available for standard EC2 instances with EBS volumes. It is not—Multi-AZ is specific to managed database services like RDS. For EC2 disaster recovery, AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery is the correct service.

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167
Multi-Selecthard

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses hard-coded IP addresses for database connections. The company wants to refactor the application to use a more resilient architecture in AWS. Which THREE steps should the company take to modernize the database connectivity? (Choose THREE.)

Select 3 answers
A.Enable Multi-AZ deployment for the RDS instance to automatically failover.
B.Use Amazon RDS read replicas to offload read traffic and improve resilience.
C.Assign an Elastic IP address to the RDS instance for consistent connectivity.
D.Migrate the database to Amazon RDS and use the RDS endpoint (DNS name) in the connection string.
E.Modify the application to read the database endpoint from an environment variable or configuration file.
AnswersB, D, E

Read replicas provide scalability and resilience for read-heavy workloads.

Why this answer

Read replicas can offload read traffic and enhance resilience, but note that read replicas are primarily for read scaling, not automatic failover. Option D is correct because using the RDS endpoint (DNS name) in the connection string allows the application to automatically reconnect to a new primary instance during failover, removing the hard-coded IP address. Option E is correct because storing the database endpoint in an environment variable or configuration file decouples the application from the infrastructure, enabling easier updates and failover handling.

Option A is incorrect because Multi-AZ deployment provides high availability with automatic failover, but it does not directly address the issue of hard-coded IP addresses; the application still needs to use the DNS endpoint. Option C is incorrect because Elastic IP addresses are not suitable for RDS; RDS uses DNS endpoints for connectivity, and Elastic IPs are associated with EC2 instances, not RDS.

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168
MCQeasy

A company is using AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) to migrate hundreds of on-premises servers to AWS. After the migration, some servers fail a health check. What is the most efficient way to remediate the failed servers?

A.Launch test instances from MGN, diagnose the issues, then update the source servers and perform a final cutover.
B.Rerun the MGN replication and perform a new cutover.
C.Restore the servers from the latest AMI and re-run the health check.
D.Use AWS CloudEndure Migration to re-migrate the servers.
AnswerA

Test instances enable safe troubleshooting before final cutover.

Why this answer

It follows the recommended MGN workflow for remediation: launch test instances to identify issues, fix them on the source server, and then perform a final cutover. Option B is inefficient as it restarts the entire replication and cutover process without testing. Option C is incorrect because restoring from a backup AMI is not part of the MGN migration process and does not allow iterative fixes.

Option D is wrong because CloudEndure Migration is the former name of MGN and is not a separate service for re-migration.

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169
MCQmedium

Refer to the exhibit. A company is deploying a CloudFormation stack for a web application. The stack creation fails with the error 'The parameter DBPassword is not defined'. What is the most likely cause?

A.The DBPassword parameter is misspelled in the template
B.The DBPassword parameter is defined but used in a condition
C.The DBPassword parameter is not defined in the Parameters section
D.The DBPassword parameter is defined but the value is too short
AnswerC

Correct: The template lacks a Parameters section with DBPassword.

Why this answer

The template uses !Ref DBPassword, but DBPassword is not defined in the Parameters section of the template. CloudFormation requires parameters to be declared before they can be referenced. The other options are not indicated by the error message.

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170
MCQeasy

A company is migrating an on-premises application to AWS. The application requires dedicated hardware for licensing compliance. Which AWS service should the company use to meet this requirement?

A.Amazon EC2 Dedicated Hosts
B.AWS Elastic Beanstalk
C.Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances
D.Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)
AnswerA

Dedicated Hosts provide physical servers dedicated for your use, meeting licensing needs.

Why this answer

Amazon EC2 Dedicated Hosts provide physical servers fully dedicated to your use, enabling you to use existing server-bound software licenses that require dedicated hardware. Option A is correct. Option B (Elastic Beanstalk) is a PaaS service and does not provide dedicated hardware.

Option C (Reserved Instances) offers a billing discount but does not guarantee dedicated physical servers. Option D (VPC) is a virtual network service and does not provide dedicated hardware.

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171
Multi-Selecteasy

A company is planning to migrate its on-premises Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. Which actions should the company take to minimize downtime during the migration? (Choose TWO.)

Select 2 answers
A.Take a full backup of the on-premises database and restore it to RDS during a maintenance window.
B.Use AWS Direct Connect to establish a dedicated network connection for faster data transfer.
C.Increase the allocated storage on the target RDS instance to improve write performance.
D.Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert the schema and optimize for RDS.
E.Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with ongoing replication to keep the target in sync.
AnswersD, E

SCT helps convert schema and identify potential issues, reducing downtime.

Why this answer

Options D and E are correct. AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) converts the schema to be compatible with Amazon RDS for Oracle, reducing compatibility issues. AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with ongoing replication allows continuous sync from the source to target, minimizing downtime during migration.

Option A (full backup and restore) requires downtime during the restore. Option B (Direct Connect) improves transfer speed but does not directly minimize downtime; it's a network enhancement. Option C (increased storage) improves write performance but does not minimize migration downtime.

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172
MCQeasy

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses an Oracle database to AWS. The application is critical and requires high availability with automatic failover. The company wants to use Amazon RDS for Oracle. The database size is 200 GB. The company needs a solution that provides automatic failover to a standby instance in a different Availability Zone with minimal downtime. Which RDS deployment option should the company use?

A.Multi-Region deployment with Read Replicas
B.Single-AZ deployment with Oracle Data Guard
C.Single-AZ deployment with automatic backups
D.Multi-AZ deployment
AnswerD

Multi-AZ provides automatic failover with a standby in a different AZ.

Why this answer

Multi-AZ deployment. Multi-AZ deployment for Amazon RDS automatically provisions and maintains a standby replica in a different Availability Zone. In the event of a failure, Amazon RDS automatically fails over to the standby, resulting in minimal downtime.

Option A is incorrect because Multi-Region with Read Replicas is designed for read scaling and disaster recovery, not automatic failover with minimal downtime. Option B is incorrect because Single-AZ with Oracle Data Guard requires manual setup and management, and does not provide the same level of automated failover as Multi-AZ. Option C is incorrect because Single-AZ deployment lacks a standby instance; automatic backups do not provide failover capability.

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173
Multi-Selecteasy

A company is migrating an on-premises application to AWS. The application stores files on a Windows file server. The company wants to replace the file server with a managed AWS service that supports SMB protocol and integrates with Active Directory. Which TWO AWS services should the company consider? (Choose TWO.)

Select 2 answers
A.Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS).
B.Amazon Elastic File System (EFS).
C.Amazon S3 with S3 File Gateway.
D.Amazon FSx for Windows File Server.
E.AWS Storage Gateway File Gateway.
AnswersD, E

Fully managed Windows file server with SMB and AD support.

Why this answer

The correct options are D and E. Amazon FSx for Windows File Server (D) is a fully managed Windows file server that supports the SMB protocol and integrates with Active Directory. AWS Storage Gateway File Gateway (E) provides on-premises access to cloud storage via SMB and can integrate with Active Directory.

Option A (EBS) is block storage, not a file server. Option B (EFS) uses NFS, not SMB. Option C (S3 with S3 File Gateway) does not support SMB natively; S3 File Gateway only presents objects as files via NFS or SMB, but it is not a managed SMB file server like FSx.

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174
MCQhard

A company is migrating a large-scale Apache Kafka cluster to Amazon MSK. The cluster has 100 topics with high throughput. The team wants to minimize operational overhead and ensure high availability. Which configuration should be used?

A.Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with enhanced fan-out.
B.Use Amazon SQS FIFO queues with message deduplication.
C.Deploy Apache Kafka on Amazon EC2 with Spot Instances and EBS volumes.
D.Provision an Amazon MSK cluster with 3 brokers per AZ across 3 AZs.
AnswerD

MSK is a managed Kafka service; multi-AZ provides high availability.

Why this answer

Amazon MSK is a fully managed service for Apache Kafka that reduces operational overhead. Deploying an MSK cluster with 3 brokers per AZ across 3 AZs provides high availability and fault tolerance, as data is replicated across AZs. Option A is wrong because Kinesis Data Streams is a different streaming service with different semantics and not a drop-in replacement for Kafka.

Option B is wrong because SQS FIFO queues are not designed for high-throughput pub/sub streaming like Kafka. Option C is wrong because self-managing Kafka on EC2 increases operational overhead, which the team wants to minimize.

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175
MCQmedium

A company is migrating 50 on-premises web applications to AWS. Each application has a different OS and middleware. The migration must minimize downtime and use a pay-as-you-go model. Which AWS service should the company use to standardize the deployment of these applications?

A.AWS CloudFormation
B.AWS Application Migration Service
C.AWS Server Migration Service
D.AWS Database Migration Service
AnswerB

Application Migration Service automates lift-and-shift for applications.

Why this answer

AWS Application Migration Service automates lift-and-shift migration of applications from on-premises to AWS, minimizing downtime and supporting heterogeneous environments with a pay-as-you-go model. Option A is wrong because AWS CloudFormation is for infrastructure as code, not for migrating applications. Option C is wrong because AWS Server Migration Service is deprecated and lacks the features of Application Migration Service.

Option D is wrong because AWS Database Migration Service is specifically for databases, not general applications.

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176
Multi-Selecthard

A company is migrating a web application to AWS. The application consists of a stateless web tier, a stateful application tier, and a MySQL database. The company wants to use AWS managed services to improve scalability and reduce operational overhead. Which THREE services should the company use? (Choose THREE.)

Select 3 answers
A.Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling
B.Amazon S3
C.Application Load Balancer
D.Amazon ElastiCache for Redis
E.Amazon RDS for MySQL
AnswersC, D, E

Correct. Application Load Balancer is a managed service that distributes traffic to the web tier, improving scalability and availability.

Why this answer

The correct choices are C, D, and E. For the stateless web tier, an Application Load Balancer (ALB) distributes traffic and integrates with Auto Scaling for scalability, but EC2 Auto Scaling itself is not a managed service for the database or stateful tier. The stateful application tier requires a managed in-memory caching service; Amazon ElastiCache for Redis is ideal for session state storage.

The MySQL database should be migrated to Amazon RDS for MySQL, a managed relational database service that reduces operational overhead. Option A (EC2 Auto Scaling) is incorrect because it is an infrastructure-level scaling service, not a managed service for the database or stateful tier. Option B (S3) is incorrect because it is object storage, not suitable for stateful application data or session state.

Exam trap

Candidates may mistakenly choose EC2 Auto Scaling for the stateless web tier, but the question asks for managed services to improve scalability and reduce operational overhead for the application tier and database, not just the web tier. ElastiCache is the correct managed service for the stateful tier.

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177
MCQmedium

A company plans to migrate a legacy on-premises web application to AWS using the 7 Rs (Rehost, Replatform, etc.). The application has tightly coupled components and unpredictable traffic. The team wants to minimize migration risk and time. Which migration strategy should they use?

A.Replatform
B.Rehost (lift-and-shift)
C.Repurchase
D.Retire
AnswerB

Rehost migrates without changes, minimizing risk and time.

Why this answer

Rehost (lift-and-shift) is the fastest and lowest-risk migration strategy because it does not require code changes. It allows the company to move the application as-is to EC2, then refactor later. Option A (Replatform) involves some modifications.

Option C (Retire) is for decommissioning. Option D (Repurchase) means replacing with SaaS.

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178
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS using a rehost (lift-and-shift) approach. The application consists of a web tier and a database tier. The company wants to ensure high availability and disaster recovery. Which TWO actions should the company take? (Choose TWO.)

Select 2 answers
A.Configure Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling to launch instances across multiple AWS Regions.
B.Deploy the web tier across multiple Availability Zones.
C.Use Amazon RDS Multi-AZ for the database tier.
D.Use Amazon RDS read replicas to offload read traffic.
E.Use a single Availability Zone for the database to reduce latency.
AnswersB, C

Provides high availability for the web tier.

Why this answer

The correct answers are B and C. Deploying the web tier across multiple Availability Zones provides high availability within a region. Using Amazon RDS Multi-AZ provides automatic failover for the database, ensuring high availability.

Option A is incorrect because Auto Scaling across multiple regions is not typical for a lift-and-shift migration and adds unnecessary complexity; cross-region deployment is more suited for disaster recovery, not high availability within a rehost. Option D is incorrect because RDS read replicas are for scaling read traffic, not for high availability or automatic failover. Option E is incorrect because using a single Availability Zone for the database creates a single point of failure and does not provide high availability.

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179
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses Oracle stored procedures to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. Which TWO strategies minimize code changes and migration effort?

Select 2 answers
A.Use the PostgreSQL oracle_fdw foreign data wrapper to access Oracle tables from Aurora PostgreSQL.
B.Use Amazon RDS for Oracle with cross-Region replication.
C.Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to replicate data continuously.
D.Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB and rewrite all application logic.
E.Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert Oracle PL/SQL to PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL.
AnswersA, E

FDW can reduce migration effort by allowing access to Oracle data.

Why this answer

Options A and E are correct. Option A uses the PostgreSQL oracle_fdw foreign data wrapper to access Oracle tables from Aurora PostgreSQL, minimizing code changes by allowing direct access to Oracle data without full migration. Option E uses AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert Oracle PL/SQL stored procedures to PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, automating schema conversion and reducing manual effort.

Option B is incorrect because Amazon RDS for Oracle with cross-Region replication does not migrate to PostgreSQL. Option C is incorrect because AWS DMS replicates data but does not convert stored procedures. Option D is incorrect because migrating to DynamoDB (NoSQL) would require significant application rewrite.

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180
Multi-Selecteasy

A company is migrating its on-premises VMware VMs to AWS using AWS MGN. They need to ensure that the migration minimizes downtime and automates cutover. Which TWO steps are required? (Select TWO.)

Select 2 answers
A.Use AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) to replicate the VMs
B.Use AWS CloudEndure Migration to configure the replication
C.Launch a test instance to validate the migration before cutover
D.Install the AWS MGN agent on each source VM
E.Use AWS DMS to migrate the data from the VMs
AnswersC, D

Testing is a best practice to ensure the migrated instance works correctly.

Why this answer

AWS MGN requires installing the MGN agent on each source VM (option D) and then launching a test instance to verify the migration before cutover (option C). Option A (AWS SMS) is a different migration service. Option B (AWS CloudEndure Migration) is the former name of MGN, not a specific step.

Option E (AWS DMS) is for database migrations.

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181
MCQhard

A company is migrating a legacy database to Amazon RDS. The database currently runs on a single server with a 2 TB volume. The migration must have less than 30 minutes of downtime. Which approach should be used for the initial data load?

A.Use a native database dump and restore during a maintenance window
B.Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with ongoing replication
C.Export the database to Amazon S3 and import into RDS using native tools
D.Create a read replica from the source database to RDS
AnswerB

DMS does a full load and then replicates changes to keep downtime minimal.

Why this answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) can perform a full load of the 2 TB database and then use ongoing replication to keep the target RDS instance synchronized with the source, minimizing downtime to under 30 minutes. Option A (native dump and restore) would require extended downtime for a 2 TB database. Option C (export to S3 and import) cannot provide continuous replication, leading to more downtime.

Option D (creating a read replica) is not feasible from a legacy source to RDS without additional configuration and does not directly address the migration requirement.

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182
MCQhard

A company is migrating a legacy on-premises application that uses a custom TCP protocol. The application needs to be accessible from the internet while maintaining security. Which AWS service should they use to expose the application without modifying the code?

A.Amazon CloudFront
B.Network Load Balancer (NLB)
C.Amazon API Gateway
D.Application Load Balancer (ALB)
AnswerB

NLB supports TCP traffic and preserves the protocol.

Why this answer

Network Load Balancer (NLB) because it operates at Layer 4 (TCP) and can handle custom TCP protocols without requiring application modifications. Option A (CloudFront) is a content delivery network that only supports HTTP/HTTPS. Option C (API Gateway) is designed for HTTP/HTTPS APIs and does not handle raw TCP traffic.

Option D (Application Load Balancer, ALB) operates at Layer 7 (HTTP/HTTPS) and cannot process custom TCP protocols.

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183
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 2 PB data lake from on-premises HDFS to Amazon S3. The data is in Parquet format and is accessed by Spark jobs. The migration must be completed within 30 days over a 1 Gbps network. Which approach minimizes cost and meets the deadline?

A.Use AWS DataSync over a Direct Connect connection.
B.Set up a VPN connection and use rsync to copy data to S3.
C.Use AWS Transfer Family to send data over FTP to S3.
D.Order multiple AWS Snowball Edge devices, copy data, and return them. Then set up AWS Glue jobs to convert to Parquet if needed.
AnswerD

Snowball Edge provides high-capacity offline transfer, meeting the deadline.

Why this answer

AWS Snowball Edge devices provide a petabyte-scale offline transfer solution, capable of moving 2 PB of data within the 30-day deadline without relying on the 1 Gbps network bandwidth. Option A (DataSync over Direct Connect) and Option B (VPN + rsync) are limited by the 1 Gbps network, which can transfer only about 324 TB in 30 days, insufficient for 2 PB. Option C (AWS Transfer Family over FTP) is also bandwidth-limited and inefficient for large-scale data.

Snowball Edge avoids network constraints, making it the most cost-effective and timely approach.

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184
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a multi-tier web application to AWS. The application consists of a web server, application server, and Oracle database. Which TWO AWS services should be used to modernize the application while reducing operational overhead?

Select 2 answers
A.Amazon RDS for Oracle
B.Amazon Lightsail
C.AWS Elastic Beanstalk
D.Amazon EC2
E.Amazon DynamoDB
AnswersA, C

Managed Oracle database reduces overhead.

Why this answer

(Amazon RDS for Oracle) is correct because it manages the Oracle database, reducing operational overhead compared to self-managed EC2. Option C (AWS Elastic Beanstalk) is correct because it automatically handles the deployment and scaling of the web and application servers, reducing operational overhead. Option B (Amazon Lightsail) is not suitable for complex multi-tier applications.

Option D (Amazon EC2) would increase operational overhead as it requires manual management. Option E (Amazon DynamoDB) is a NoSQL database and not suitable for migrating an Oracle database.

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185
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a monolithic application to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server with a MySQL database. The company wants to reduce operational overhead and improve scalability. Which combination of AWS services should the company use?

A.Containerize the application and run on Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate, and use Amazon Aurora Serverless for MySQL.
B.Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB and host the application on AWS Lambda.
C.Host the application on Amazon EC2 and use Amazon RDS for MySQL.
D.Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy the application and Amazon RDS for MySQL as the database.
AnswerD

Elastic Beanstalk manages the environment, RDS reduces DB management overhead.

Why this answer

AWS Elastic Beanstalk automates application deployment, capacity provisioning, load balancing, and scaling, reducing operational overhead. Amazon RDS for MySQL manages the database, providing scalability and reducing administrative tasks. Option A is incorrect because while ECS with Fargate and Aurora Serverless can reduce overhead, containerizing a monolithic application requires refactoring and may not be straightforward; Elastic Beanstalk is more suitable for a lift-and-shift migration of a monolithic app.

Option B is incorrect because DynamoDB is a NoSQL database and not compatible with the existing MySQL database without significant schema changes, and AWS Lambda is event-driven and not ideal for a monolithic application. Option C is incorrect because running the application on EC2 instances still requires manual management of operating system patches, scaling, and availability, which does not reduce operational overhead as much as Elastic Beanstalk.

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186
MCQhard

A company wants to migrate a legacy Oracle database to AWS with minimal downtime. The database is 2 TB in size and runs on a single on-premises server. The company requires the ability to cut over quickly and roll back if needed. Which AWS service should be used?

A.Use S3 Transfer Acceleration to upload the database dump directly to an EC2 instance.
B.AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with ongoing replication from the source to an Amazon RDS for Oracle target.
C.AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert the schema and then export the data to flat files for import.
D.AWS Snowball Edge to copy the database files and then restore on Amazon RDS.
AnswerB

Correct. AWS DMS with ongoing replication enables near-zero downtime by continuously copying changes, and supports easy rollback by pausing or reversing replication.

Why this answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with ongoing replication enables continuous data replication from the on-premises Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle, allowing minimal downtime during cutover. It also supports rollback by stopping replication and reverting to the source. Option A is incorrect because S3 Transfer Acceleration is for fast uploads to S3, not for database migration with replication.

Option C is incorrect because AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) handles schema conversion, not ongoing data replication. Option D is incorrect because AWS Snowball Edge is an offline data transfer device, which does not meet the minimal downtime requirement.

Exam trap

Candidates may think Snowball Edge is suitable for very large databases, but for minimal downtime requirements, an online replication service like DMS is necessary.

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187
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a critical workload to AWS and needs to ensure business continuity. The workload runs on a single EC2 instance with a 500 GB EBS volume. The company requires a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 2 hours and a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 15 minutes. Which solution meets these requirements with the least operational overhead?

A.Create an AMI of the instance every 15 minutes and launch a new instance from the latest AMI in case of failure.
B.Deploy the workload on Amazon RDS Multi-AZ and enable automatic failover.
C.Use Amazon EBS snapshots with a 15-minute frequency and automate recovery with AWS Backup.
D.Use AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery to continuously replicate the EC2 instance to another Region.
AnswerC

EBS snapshots provide cost-effective backups with low RPO and RTO.

Why this answer

EBS snapshots can be taken every 15 minutes to meet the RPO, and restoring from a snapshot can meet the 2-hour RTO. AWS Backup automates the snapshot schedule and recovery, minimizing operational overhead. Option A is incorrect because creating AMIs every 15 minutes is impractical and would not meet the RTO efficiently.

Option B is incorrect because RDS Multi-AZ is designed for database workloads, not general EC2 instances. Option D is incorrect because AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery introduces higher complexity and cost compared to the simpler snapshot-based approach for a single-instance workload.

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188
MCQhard

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS and needs to ensure that the migration has minimal downtime. The application runs on a single on-premises server with a local MySQL database. Which strategy provides the lowest downtime?

A.Rehost the application using AWS Application Migration Service
B.Use AWS Backup to back up and restore to RDS
C.Stop the application, take a snapshot, and restore on EC2
D.Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication and cutover
AnswerD

DMS with ongoing replication allows near-zero downtime by keeping the target in sync until cutover.

Why this answer

(Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication and cutover) is correct because it enables continuous replication from the on-premises MySQL database to Amazon RDS, allowing a cutover with minimal downtime. Option A (Rehost using AWS Application Migration Service) typically involves some downtime during the replication and cutover. Option B (AWS Backup backup and restore to RDS) requires stopping the application to take a consistent backup, causing downtime.

Option C (Stop, snapshot, restore) involves stopping the application, thus causing downtime.

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189
MCQeasy

A company plans to migrate its on-premises VMware VMs to AWS. The company wants to automate the migration of VM images and minimize manual effort. Which AWS service should the company use?

A.AWS VM Import/Export
B.AWS DataSync
C.AWS Application Migration Service (MGN)
D.AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
AnswerC

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) automates the replication of on-premises server volumes to AWS, reducing manual intervention. It is designed for large-scale, automated migrations with minimal downtime.

Why this answer

AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) is the correct choice because it automates the migration of on-premises server volumes (including VMware VMs) to AWS with minimal manual effort. It provides continuous, block-level replication and simplifies large-scale migrations. MGN is the modern successor to AWS Server Migration Service (SMS).

AWS VM Import/Export (Option A) is a one-time import tool requiring manual steps. AWS DataSync (Option B) is for file and object transfers, not VM images. AWS DMS (Option D) is for databases.

Therefore, MGN (Option C) is the service that best meets the requirement.

Exam trap

A common pitfall is choosing AWS VM Import/Export because it is a familiar VM import tool, but it lacks automation. The correct service for automated server migration is now AWS Application Migration Service (MGN), which has replaced SMS.

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190
MCQhard

A company is migrating a legacy .NET Framework 4.7 application to AWS. The application uses Windows authentication and COM+ components. Which migration approach is most suitable?

A.Replatform to .NET Core on AWS Elastic Beanstalk (Linux)
B.Use Windows containers on Amazon ECS with Amazon ECS-optimized Windows Server AMI
C.Refactor to run on AWS Lambda with .NET Core 3.1
D.Containerize with Linux containers on Amazon ECS
AnswerB

Windows containers support .NET Framework and COM+ components.

Why this answer

Windows containers on Amazon ECS with the ECS-optimized Windows Server AMI support .NET Framework applications and COM+ components, making them the most suitable migration approach. Option A is incorrect because replatforming to .NET Core on Linux would require significant code changes and does not support COM+. Option C is incorrect because AWS Lambda does not support full .NET Framework or COM+.

Option D is incorrect because Linux containers cannot run Windows-based .NET Framework applications.

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191
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a web application from on-premises to AWS. The application consists of a stateless web tier and a stateful application tier that stores session data in a local file system. The company wants to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk for both tiers. During a test migration, the development team notices that users are being logged out intermittently. The application tier is configured with two EC2 instances behind an internal load balancer. What should the development team do to resolve the issue?

A.Enable sticky sessions (session affinity) on the application tier's load balancer.
B.Move session storage to Amazon ElastiCache for Redis and configure the application to use it.
C.Increase the number of instances in the web tier to reduce the load on the application tier.
D.Store session data in Amazon DynamoDB.
AnswerB

ElastiCache provides a centralized, fast session store that works across instances.

Why this answer

The issue is that session data is stored locally on each application instance. When traffic is distributed by the internal load balancer, subsequent requests from the same user may go to a different instance, losing the session data. The best practice is to use a centralized session store like Amazon ElastiCache for Redis.

This ensures session data persists across all instances. Option A (sticky sessions) would cause load imbalance and is not recommended for high availability. Option C does not address session storage.

Option D (DynamoDB) is possible but not as performant for session storage and requires more custom code; Redis is the recommended service for session management.

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192
Matchingmedium

Match each AWS compute service to its use case.

Drag a concept onto its matching description — or click a concept then click the description.

Concepts
Matches

Serverless compute for event-driven applications

Run Docker containers without managing servers

Managed Kubernetes for container orchestration

Serverless compute for containers

Virtual servers for full control over the environment

Why these pairings

The correct matches are: EC2 for full control over virtual servers, Lambda for serverless event-driven code, and ECS for Docker containers. Common confusions include mixing up serverless features with EC2.

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193
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a legacy monolithic application to AWS. The application has a stateful session layer that uses local disk storage. The migration plan involves rehosting the application on Amazon EC2 instances. What architecture change should the company implement to ensure high availability and stateless application tiers?

A.Store session data in Amazon S3 with Transfer Acceleration.
B.Use Amazon RDS with Multi-AZ to store session data.
C.Use Amazon ElastiCache for session state management.
D.Attach Amazon EBS volumes to each EC2 instance for session persistence.
AnswerC

Amazon ElastiCache provides low-latency session caching, enabling stateless EC2 instances.

Why this answer

ElastiCache provides a low-latency, highly available, and scalable in-memory cache that can store session state independently from EC2 instances. This decouples state from compute, enabling stateless application tiers that can be auto-scaled and replaced without losing session data. Option A (S3 Transfer Acceleration) is not suitable for frequent, low-latency session reads/writes.

Option B (RDS Multi-AZ) is designed for relational databases, not session caching, and would introduce unnecessary overhead. Option D (EBS volumes) ties state to specific instances, preventing high availability and auto-scaling.

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194
MCQhard

A company is modernizing a legacy application by refactoring it into microservices. The application uses a monolithic Oracle database. The team wants to use Amazon RDS for Oracle as the migration target. Which migration approach minimizes risk and downtime?

A.Create a new RDS instance and use AWS SCT to convert the schema, then cutover after testing.
B.Use the strangler fig pattern to incrementally migrate functionality to new microservices, each with its own database.
C.Migrate the entire database at once using AWS DMS with ongoing replication.
D.Rewrite the application as microservices on AWS and then migrate the database.
AnswerB

Strangler fig pattern minimizes risk by migrating in small increments.

Why this answer

The strangler fig pattern allows gradual migration. Option A is wrong because big bang migration is high risk. Option C is wrong because the phased approach may work but is broader; strangler fig is specific to microservices.

Option D is wrong because rewriting all at once is high risk.

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195
MCQhard

A company is migrating a monolithic application to AWS and wants to modernize it into microservices. The application currently uses a single relational database. Which migration strategy is most appropriate to minimize risk while starting the modernization process?

A.Incremental migration using the Strangler Fig pattern
B.Big bang migration of the entire application to containers
C.Replatform to Amazon RDS for MySQL
D.Rehost the application using AWS VM Import/Export
AnswerA

The Strangler Fig pattern allows gradual replacement of monolith components with microservices, minimizing risk.

Why this answer

The Strangler Fig pattern (Option A) is the most appropriate strategy because it allows incremental replacement of monolithic components with microservices, reducing the risk associated with a full rewrite or big bang migration. Option B (big bang migration to containers) is risky as it requires simultaneous migration of all components. Option C (replatform to Amazon RDS) only changes the database platform without addressing application architecture.

Option D (rehost using VM Import/Export) simply lifts and shifts the monolith without modernization.

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196
MCQmedium

A company is migrating its on-premises data warehouse to Amazon Redshift. The data warehouse is currently running on a single large server with 10 TB of data. The company wants to minimize downtime and ensure data consistency. Which AWS service should the architect use to perform the migration?

A.AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS)
B.Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration
C.AWS Glue
D.AWS Snowball Edge
AnswerA

AWS DMS supports continuous replication from on-premises sources to Redshift, minimizing downtime.

Why this answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) can migrate data from on-premises databases to Amazon Redshift with minimal downtime. AWS Snowball is for offline transfer and would cause more downtime. AWS Glue is for ETL, not direct migration.

S3 Transfer Acceleration is for S3 uploads.

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197
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a legacy on-premises .NET application to AWS. The application uses a SQL Server database. The company wants to minimize code changes and reduce licensing costs. Which migration strategy should the company choose?

A.Rebuild the application using AWS Lambda and Amazon RDS for MySQL.
B.Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 with SQL Server or use Amazon RDS for SQL Server with license-included pricing.
C.Replatform the application to use Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL.
D.Refactor the application to use Amazon DynamoDB.
AnswerB

Minimal code changes and reduces licensing costs via license-included option.

Why this answer

The correct answer because rehosting (lift-and-shift) to Amazon EC2 with SQL Server or Amazon RDS for SQL Server with license-included pricing minimizes code changes and reduces licensing costs. The company can migrate the .NET application as-is without significant modifications. Option A is wrong because rebuilding with AWS Lambda and RDS for MySQL would require a complete re-architecture and code changes, increasing cost and complexity.

Option C is wrong because replatforming to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL would require code changes to switch database engines and may not reduce licensing costs. Option D is wrong because refactoring to Amazon DynamoDB would require significant application changes and is not suitable for a SQL Server-based .NET application.

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198
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS and needs to ensure high availability across two Availability Zones. The application runs on EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The database is an on-premises SQL Server that will be migrated later. Which architecture provides high availability for the application tier during the migration?

A.Deploy EC2 instances in two AZs behind an ALB with cross-zone load balancing enabled.
B.Deploy EC2 instances in a single AZ with an Auto Scaling group.
C.Deploy EC2 instances in two AZs behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB).
D.Use Amazon Route 53 weighted routing to distribute traffic to instances in two AZs.
AnswerA

ALB with instances in two AZs provides high availability.

Why this answer

ALB distributes traffic to instances in two AZs. Option B is wrong because a single AZ is not highly available. Option C is wrong because a Network Load Balancer is for TCP/UDP, not HTTP.

Option D is wrong because Route 53 alone does not provide load balancing.

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199
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a legacy application to AWS using the 7 Rs migration strategy. The application is a monolithic Java application running on a single on-premises server with a MySQL database. The company wants to reduce operational overhead and improve scalability. The development team has already containerized the application and tested it locally. The company wants to run the containerized application on AWS without managing the underlying infrastructure. Which AWS service should the company use to deploy the containerized application?

A.Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate launch type
B.Amazon EKS with managed node groups
C.Amazon EC2 with Docker installed
D.Amazon Lightsail containers
AnswerA

Amazon ECS with Fargate is serverless, managing no underlying infrastructure.

Why this answer

Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate launch type is a serverless compute engine for containers, eliminating infrastructure management. Option B (EKS with managed node groups) still requires managing the node groups at the EC2 level. Option C (EC2 with Docker) requires managing EC2 instances.

Option D (Lightsail containers) is not as scalable or integrated with AWS services as ECS with Fargate.

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200
MCQeasy

A company is migrating a virtual machine from on-premises to AWS. The VM runs Windows Server 2012 R2. The company wants to minimize changes to the VM. Which AWS service should the company use to migrate the VM?

A.AWS Server Migration Service
B.AWS Database Migration Service
C.AWS CloudEndure Migration
D.AWS Application Migration Service
AnswerA

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) is an agentless service that migrates VMs from on-premises to AWS with minimal changes, making it the correct choice.

Why this answer

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) is an agentless service that specializes in migrating virtual machines from on-premises environments to AWS with minimal changes to the VM configuration. Option B is incorrect because AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) is designed for database migrations, not entire VMs. Option C is incorrect because AWS CloudEndure Migration is a legacy service that has been superseded by AWS Application Migration Service.

Option D is incorrect because although AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) can also migrate VMs, it typically requires installing an agent on the source VM, which introduces changes; SMS minimizes changes by using agentless replication.

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201
MCQeasy

A company is planning to migrate a Microsoft SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. They want to automate the migration process and minimize manual effort. Which AWS service should they use?

A.AWS CloudEndure Migration
B.AWS DataSync
C.AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
D.AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT)
AnswerC

DMS supports homogeneous and heterogeneous migrations.

Why this answer

AWS DMS can migrate SQL Server to RDS with minimal downtime. Option A is wrong because CloudEndure Migration is for server migration. Option B is wrong because DataSync is for file data.

Option D is wrong because Schema Conversion Tool is for schema conversion.

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202
MCQhard

A company is migrating its on-premises data warehouse to Amazon Redshift. The existing system uses PostgreSQL and has 10 TB of data. The migration must be completed within a 4-hour downtime window. The company has a 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection. After starting the migration using AWS DMS with a full load and CDC, the full load takes 6 hours. What should the company do to meet the downtime window?

A.Configure multiple DMS tasks to load different tables in parallel.
B.Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer the data physically.
C.Reduce the amount of data by archiving older records.
D.Use AWS VPN instead of Direct Connect for higher bandwidth.
AnswerA

Parallelism improves speed.

Why this answer

The full load took 6 hours, exceeding the 4-hour downtime window. To meet the window, the company must reduce the time for the full load. Configuring multiple DMS tasks to load different tables in parallel (Option A) can significantly speed up the full load by distributing the workload across multiple tasks.

Option B (Snowball Edge) would involve physical shipping and manual steps, which would not meet the 4-hour window. Option C (archiving old records) might reduce data volume but would require additional analysis and may not be feasible within the window. Option D (VPN) would likely have lower bandwidth than Direct Connect, making the load slower, not faster.

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203
MCQmedium

A company is modernizing its legacy PHP application to run on AWS. The application is currently deployed on a single on-premises server with a LAMP stack. The company wants to use containerization to improve scalability and deployment speed. Which AWS service should be used to run the containers with minimal operational overhead?

A.AWS Lambda
B.Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate
C.Amazon EKS with Amazon EC2
D.Amazon ECS with Amazon EC2 launch type
AnswerB

Fargate is serverless containers, minimizing operational overhead.

Why this answer

Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate allows running containers without managing servers, significantly reducing operational overhead. AWS Fargate is a serverless compute engine that automatically provisions and scales the infrastructure. Option A is incorrect because AWS Lambda is designed for event-driven serverless functions, not for running containerized applications directly.

Option C is incorrect because Amazon EKS with Amazon EC2 requires managing the Kubernetes control plane and worker nodes, adding operational complexity. Option D is incorrect because Amazon ECS with the EC2 launch type requires you to manage the EC2 instances, increasing operational overhead compared to Fargate.

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204
MCQhard

A company is migrating a legacy .NET Framework 4.8 application to AWS. The application uses Windows authentication integrated with Active Directory and relies on a shared file system for configuration files. The company wants to minimize operational overhead and use managed services. Which combination of AWS services should the company use to modernize the application?

A.AWS Managed Microsoft AD, Amazon EFS, and AWS Elastic Beanstalk for .NET on Windows
B.Amazon Cognito, Amazon RDS for SQL Server, and AWS Lambda
C.AWS Directory Service for Microsoft AD, Amazon S3, and AWS App Runner
D.AWS Managed Microsoft AD, Amazon FSx for Windows File Server, and AWS Elastic Beanstalk for .NET on Windows
AnswerD

Managed AD provides authentication, FSx provides shared file system, and Elastic Beanstalk reduces operational overhead.

Why this answer

AWS Managed Microsoft AD provides Windows authentication integrated with Active Directory, FSx for Windows File Server provides a managed shared file system that supports Windows-native SMB protocol and NTFS permissions, and AWS Elastic Beanstalk for .NET on Windows minimizes operational overhead for hosting a .NET Framework 4.8 application. Option A (EFS) does not natively support Windows authentication or SMB protocol, making it unsuitable. Option B (RDS for SQL Server) is unnecessary as the application does not require a database.

Option C (App Runner) does not support .NET Framework applications, and S3 cannot function as a Windows shared file system.

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205
Multi-Selecthard

A company is migrating a legacy .NET Framework 4.7 application to AWS. The application uses Windows Server 2012 R2, IIS, and SQL Server 2014. The company wants to modernize the application to reduce licensing costs and operational overhead. Which THREE actions should the company take? (Choose THREE.)

Select 3 answers
A.Upgrade SQL Server to the Standard Edition on the current on-premises server before migrating
B.Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 Windows instances with SQL Server Web Edition
C.Rebuild the application on .NET Core and deploy on Amazon EC2 Linux instances
D.Containerize the application using Docker and deploy on Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate
E.Migrate the database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server
AnswersB, C, E

SQL Server Web Edition has lower licensing costs than Standard/Enterprise.

Why this answer

Rehosting the application on Amazon EC2 Windows instances with SQL Server Web Edition reduces licensing costs compared to the current Enterprise or Standard edition. Option C is correct because rebuilding the application on .NET Core allows deployment on Linux, reducing Windows licensing costs and enabling modernization. Option E is correct because migrating the database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server reduces operational overhead by automating backups, patching, and management.

Option A is incorrect because upgrading to Standard Edition on-premises does not reduce licensing costs or operational overhead. Option D is incorrect because containerizing a legacy .NET Framework 4.7 application with Docker on ECS Fargate is not straightforward due to Windows container limitations and does not address the database licensing costs.

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206
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a .NET application from Windows Server to Linux on EC2. The application uses a proprietary COM+ component that cannot be recompiled. Which migration path should they take?

A.Rehost the application on Linux EC2 using Wine
B.Rehost the application on Windows Server EC2 instances
C.Refactor the COM+ component to a REST API
D.Replatform the application to .NET Core and run on Linux
AnswerB

Keeping the application on Windows Server EC2 avoids changes to the COM+ component.

Why this answer

Since the COM+ component cannot be recompiled and is Windows-specific, the only viable option is to rehost the application on Windows Server EC2 instances (option B). Option A (using Wine on Linux) is not a supported or reliable solution for COM+ components. Option C (refactoring the component to a REST API) would require recompilation, which is not allowed.

Option D (replatforming to .NET Core on Linux) would also require recompilation and does not support COM+.

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207
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a legacy application to AWS. The application requires a relational database with read replicas for reporting. The company wants to minimize operational overhead. Which TWO database services meet these requirements?

Select 2 answers
A.Amazon DynamoDB
B.Amazon Redshift
C.Amazon Aurora
D.Amazon RDS for MySQL
E.Amazon ElastiCache
AnswersC, D

Managed relational with up to 15 read replicas.

Why this answer

Amazon Aurora is a MySQL- and PostgreSQL-compatible relational database built for the cloud, combining the performance and availability of high-end commercial databases with the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of open-source databases. It supports up to 15 low-latency read replicas, which can be used for reporting workloads, and it automates time-consuming tasks such as hardware provisioning, database setup, patching, and backups, thereby minimizing operational overhead.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates may confuse Amazon RDS for MySQL (Option D) as the only correct relational database with read replicas, but Amazon Aurora is also correct because it is a fully managed relational database that natively supports read replicas with lower operational overhead than standard RDS.

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208
Multi-Selecteasy

A company is migrating an on-premises data center to AWS. The company has a large amount of data (50 TB) that needs to be transferred quickly. The internet connection is limited to 100 Mbps. Which TWO methods should the solutions architect consider for the initial data transfer? (Select TWO.)

Select 2 answers
A.Use a VPN connection and rsync
B.Use AWS Snowball Edge devices to ship the data
C.Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection
D.Use AWS DataSync to transfer data over the internet
E.Use Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration
AnswersB, C

Correct. Snowball Edge provides offline physical shipping, bypassing network constraints and enabling fast, large-scale data transfer.

Why this answer

AWS Snowball Edge is a physical device for offline data transfer, ideal for large datasets (50 TB) over slow networks (100 Mbps). AWS Direct Connect provides a dedicated, high-bandwidth connection that can be provisioned relatively quickly (within days) and offers consistent speeds, making it suitable for the initial transfer. Option D (AWS DataSync over the internet) is not appropriate because it would take approximately 46 days to transfer 50 TB at 100 Mbps, which is not 'quick'.

VPN and rsync (A) are also limited by internet bandwidth, and S3 Transfer Acceleration (E) improves performance but does not bypass bandwidth constraints.

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209
Multi-Selecteasy

A company is migrating a legacy batch processing system to AWS. The batch jobs run on a schedule and process files from an FTP server. The company wants a serverless solution. Which THREE AWS services should be combined to implement the solution?

Select 3 answers
A.Amazon EventBridge (CloudWatch Events)
B.Amazon EC2 with Auto Scaling
C.AWS Lambda
D.Amazon S3
E.Amazon Simple Workflow Service (SWF)
AnswersA, C, D

Amazon EventBridge can schedule events to trigger a serverless workflow, such as invoking a Lambda function at specified times.

Why this answer

Options A, C, and D are correct. Amazon EventBridge (formerly CloudWatch Events) can schedule events to trigger AWS Lambda functions. Lambda can process the batch files.

Amazon S3 can store the files. Option B (EC2 with Auto Scaling) is not serverless. Option E (Simple Workflow Service) is an older workflow service not optimized for this serverless batch processing scenario.

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210
MCQmedium

A company is migrating its data warehouse from on-premises to Amazon Redshift. The current on-premises data warehouse runs on a proprietary MPP system. The company wants to minimize downtime and ensure data consistency. The company has a large volume of historical data (30 TB) and daily incremental updates of 10 GB. Which migration approach should the company use?

A.Use AWS Snowball to transfer the historical data to Amazon S3, then use AWS DMS with ongoing CDC to replicate incremental changes until cutover
B.Use an ETL tool to extract data from the source and load directly into Amazon Redshift during a maintenance window
C.Perform a full export of the on-premises database to flat files, transfer them over the network, and load into Amazon Redshift
D.Use AWS DMS with full load only, then schedule a downtime window for the final sync
AnswerA

Correct. Snowball handles large historical data transfer efficiently, and DMS CDC keeps the target updated with minimal downtime.

Why this answer

Using AWS DMS with CDC for incremental data allows zero-downtime migration by keeping the target in sync. A bulk export/import approach requires downtime for the final load. Using Snowball for historical data and DMS for incremental updates is efficient for large datasets.

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211
MCQeasy

A company plans to migrate 50 on-premises virtual machines (VMs) to AWS. The migration must be completed within 2 weeks. The VMs run various operating systems and have a total data size of 10 TB. The company has a low-bandwidth internet connection (50 Mbps). Which migration approach minimizes the time to transfer the data?

A.Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection to increase bandwidth
B.Create a VPN tunnel to AWS and use rsync to copy the data
C.Use AWS Application Migration Service to replicate the VMs continuously
D.Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer the VM images physically
AnswerD

Correct: Snowball Edge can transfer 10 TB quickly via physical shipment.

Why this answer

AWS Snowball Edge is a physical device that can handle large data transfers over low-bandwidth connections. AWS Application Migration Service relies on network replication, which would be too slow. Direct Connect would require longer setup time.

VPN is also network-based and slow.

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212
MCQeasy

A company is migrating an application that uses a commercial database to Amazon RDS. The database size is 500 GB. Which migration approach minimizes downtime?

A.Use native database tools to export and import data.
B.Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer the database files.
C.Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with ongoing replication (change data capture).
D.Copy database files to Amazon S3 and restore to RDS.
AnswerC

DMS with CDC allows near-zero downtime.

Why this answer

AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with ongoing replication (change data capture) allows the source database to remain fully operational during migration, with only a brief downtime during the final cutover. This minimizes overall downtime. Option A is incorrect because using native database tools for export and import requires taking the source database offline for the duration of the export and import.

Option B is incorrect because AWS Snowball Edge is an offline data transfer device; it requires copying database files to the device and shipping it, which does not support ongoing replication and results in significant downtime. Option D is incorrect because copying database files to Amazon S3 and restoring to RDS involves creating a backup of the database, which can cause downtime, and the restore process also takes time.

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213
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a large-scale batch processing system from on-premises to AWS. The system processes hundreds of thousands of files daily, each file being a few MB in size. The files are received via SFTP and need to be processed within 4 hours. The company wants to use AWS services to build a fully managed, scalable, and cost-effective solution. The current on-premises system uses a single server with a scheduled task that processes files sequentially. The migration should improve throughput and reduce processing time. Which architecture should the company implement?

A.Use AWS Transfer Family for SFTP, store files in Amazon S3, and use AWS Batch with Fargate launch type to process files in parallel.
B.Use AWS Transfer Family for SFTP, store files in Amazon S3, and use AWS Lambda functions triggered by S3 events to process each file.
C.Use AWS Transfer Family for SFTP, store files in Amazon S3, and configure a single EC2 instance to poll S3 for new files and process them sequentially.
D.Use AWS Transfer Family for SFTP, store files in Amazon S3, configure an S3 event notification to publish messages to an Amazon SQS queue, and use an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances to process messages from the queue.
AnswerD

SQS decouples and scales processing; Auto Scaling based on queue depth improves throughput.

Why this answer

It uses AWS Transfer Family for managed SFTP, stores files in S3, and then leverages S3 event notifications to send messages to an SQS queue. An Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances can then process messages from the queue, scaling based on queue depth (e.g., using CloudWatch alarms). This provides scalable, parallel processing, improving throughput over the on-premises sequential system.

Option A is incorrect because AWS Batch with Fargate may incur higher costs for long-running jobs and is subject to concurrency limits. Option B is incorrect because AWS Lambda has a 15-minute timeout and is not suitable for files that may take longer to process, and also may not be cost-effective for high-volume processing. Option C is incorrect because a single EC2 instance processes sequentially, similar to on-premises, and does not improve throughput.

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214
MCQeasy

A company is migrating a virtualized workload to AWS. The current environment uses VMware vSphere. The company wants to migrate the virtual machines (VMs) to AWS with minimal changes. Which AWS service should the company use?

A.VMware Cloud on AWS
B.AWS Migration Hub
C.AWS Application Discovery Service
D.AWS VM Import/Export
AnswerD

VM Import/Export enables importing VMs from on-premises to AWS as EC2 instances.

Why this answer

AWS VM Import/Export allows you to import virtual machines from on-premises environments, including VMware vSphere, into Amazon EC2 as AMIs, enabling migration with minimal changes. Option A is wrong because VMware Cloud on AWS is a managed service that runs VMware SDDC on AWS, but it does not directly migrate existing VMs to EC2; it requires the VMs to be moved into the SDDC. Option B is wrong because AWS Application Discovery Service is used for discovery and assessment, not for actual migration.

Option C is wrong because AWS Migration Hub provides a central tracking dashboard for migrations but does not perform the migration itself.

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215
Drag & Dropmedium

Drag and drop the steps to configure an Application Load Balancer with HTTPS listeners in the correct order.

Drag steps to the numbered slots on the right, or tap a step then tap a slot.

Steps
Order
1Step 1
2Step 2
3Step 3
4Step 4

Why this order

First get the certificate, then create the target group, then the ALB with HTTPS, register targets, and update DNS.

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216
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a web application to AWS and wants to use Amazon ECS with Fargate. The application needs to store session state. Which AWS service should the company use for session state management?

A.Amazon ElastiCache for Redis
B.Amazon S3
C.Amazon DynamoDB
D.Amazon RDS
AnswerA

ElastiCache for Redis is ideal for session state management.

Why this answer

Amazon ElastiCache for Redis is a fully managed, in-memory caching service that provides low-latency access to session data, making it ideal for session state management in containerized applications on ECS Fargate. Option B (Amazon S3) is wrong because S3 is object storage with higher latency and is not designed for frequent, low-latency read/write operations required for session state. Option C (Amazon DynamoDB) is wrong because while it can be used, it is not the most common or recommended choice for session state due to higher latency compared to in-memory caching; ElastiCache is typically preferred.

Option D (Amazon RDS) is wrong because RDS is a relational database service for persistent storage, not for transient session state with low-latency requirements.

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217
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS. The application requires consistent performance and low latency. The company has selected an instance type that meets the performance requirements. However, during testing, the application experiences variable performance due to CPU stealing from other instances on the same physical host. What should the company do to mitigate this issue?

A.Use Amazon EC2 Dedicated Hosts for the instances
B.Launch instances in a cluster placement group
C.Use T2 or T3 instances with the unlimited credit option
D.Switch to a compute-optimized instance type such as C5
AnswerA

Dedicated Hosts provide physical isolation, eliminating CPU stealing.

Why this answer

Dedicated Hosts provide dedicated physical servers, eliminating CPU stealing. Option B (placement group) helps with network performance, not CPU isolation. Option C (T2/T3 unlimited) is for burstable instances, not dedicated.

Option D (C5 instance) does not prevent CPU stealing.

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218
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a legacy application to AWS. The application requires a relational database. The company wants to minimize operational overhead. Which TWO options should the company consider? (Choose two.)

Select 2 answers
A.AWS Database Migration Service
B.Amazon Aurora
C.Amazon S3
D.Amazon RDS
E.Amazon EC2 with self-managed database
AnswersB, D

Managed relational database with MySQL/PostgreSQL compatibility.

Why this answer

Amazon Aurora (option B) and Amazon RDS (option D) are both fully managed relational database services that minimize operational overhead. AWS Database Migration Service (option A) is a migration tool, not a database service. Amazon S3 (option C) is object storage, not a relational database.

Amazon EC2 with self-managed database (option E) requires manual administration, increasing overhead.

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219
MCQmedium

A company wants to migrate a legacy monolithic application to AWS with minimal changes. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server with a Microsoft SQL Server database. The company wants to use AWS managed services to reduce operational overhead. Which combination of services should the company use to meet these requirements?

A.AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) to Amazon EC2, and AWS DMS to Amazon DynamoDB
B.AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) to Amazon EC2, and AWS DMS to Amazon RDS for SQL Server
C.AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) to Amazon EC2, and AWS DMS to Amazon RDS for SQL Server
D.AWS CloudFormation to provision EC2 instances, and AWS DMS to Amazon RDS for SQL Server
AnswerB

MGN minimizes changes for server migration, DMS migrates the database to managed RDS.

Why this answer

AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) enables lift-and-shift migration of the on-premises server to Amazon EC2 with minimal changes, while AWS DMS can migrate the Microsoft SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server, a fully managed service that reduces operational overhead. This combination meets the requirement of minimal application changes and leverages AWS managed services for the database.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates might choose Option A thinking DynamoDB is a managed database service, but they overlook the requirement for minimal changes, which is broken by switching from a relational to a NoSQL database, or they might pick Option C not realizing SMS is deprecated and lacks the continuous replication capabilities of MGN.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because AWS DMS cannot migrate a SQL Server database to Amazon DynamoDB (a NoSQL database) without significant application changes to adapt to a different data model and query language, violating the 'minimal changes' requirement. Option C is wrong because AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) is deprecated and replaced by AWS Application Migration Service (MGN); using SMS would not be a current best practice and may lack support. Option D is wrong because AWS CloudFormation is an infrastructure-as-code provisioning tool, not a migration service; it does not directly migrate the application or database, and using it alone would not reduce operational overhead for the migration itself.

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220
Multi-Selecteasy

A company is migrating a web application to AWS and wants to use a content delivery network (CDN) to improve performance. Which TWO AWS services can be used together to achieve this? (Choose TWO.)

Select 2 answers
A.Amazon CloudFront
B.Amazon Route 53
C.Amazon S3
D.AWS WAF
E.Application Load Balancer
AnswersA, E

CloudFront is a CDN service.

Why this answer

(Amazon CloudFront) is a content delivery network (CDN) that distributes content globally. Option E (Application Load Balancer) can be used as an origin for CloudFront to distribute traffic across multiple EC2 instances or containers. Option B (Amazon Route 53) is a DNS service, not a CDN.

Option C (Amazon S3) is an object storage service that can serve as an origin for CloudFront but is not a CDN itself. Option D (AWS WAF) is a web application firewall, not a CDN.

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221
MCQmedium

A solutions architect is trying to export an EC2 instance as a VM using AWS VM Import/Export. The CLI command fails with the error shown in the exhibit. What is the most likely cause?

A.The specified S3 bucket is in a different region.
B.The instance is not an EBS-backed instance.
C.The IAM role used does not have permission to export instances.
D.The instance is based on an instance store-backed AMI.
AnswerB, D

Correct. The error stems from the instance not having an EBS root volume, which is required for export.

Why this answer

The error message indicates that the instance does not have an attached root volume, which is characteristic of an instance store-backed instance. AWS VM Import/Export only supports EBS-backed instances. Since an instance store-backed AMI means the instance is not EBS-backed, both options B (the instance is not an EBS-backed instance) and D (the instance is based on an instance store-backed AMI) accurately describe the cause.

Option A is incorrect because a region mismatch would produce a different error. Option C is incorrect because the error does not mention permissions.

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222
MCQhard

A company is migrating a large Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS DMS. The database is 5 TB and has frequent write operations. The migration must have minimal downtime. Which configuration should be used?

A.Use AWS DMS with full load and ongoing replication using CDC
B.Use AWS DataSync for the database files
C.Use AWS SCT to convert schema and then copy data manually
D.Use AWS DMS with full load only
AnswerA

Ongoing replication with CDC keeps the target in sync until cutover, minimizing downtime.

Why this answer

AWS DMS with full load and ongoing replication using CDC allows continuous syncing after the full load, minimizing downtime. Option D (full load only) would cause downtime during migration. Option B (AWS DataSync) is for file-based data, not databases.

Option C (AWS SCT) is for schema conversion only, not data migration.

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223
MCQeasy

A company wants to modernize a batch processing application that runs on EC2 instances using a cron job. The job processes files from an S3 bucket and takes about 2 hours. They want to reduce operational overhead. Which service should they use?

A.AWS Batch
B.Amazon ECS with Fargate
C.AWS Lambda
D.AWS Step Functions
AnswerA

AWS Batch is purpose-built for batch processing and manages compute resources.

Why this answer

AWS Batch is designed for batch computing and can automatically provision EC2 instances, run the job, and terminate them, reducing overhead. Option A (Lambda) has a 15-minute timeout. Option B (Step Functions) orchestrates but does not run the compute.

Option D (ECS with Fargate) is possible but requires more configuration than AWS Batch for batch jobs.

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224
MCQeasy

An organization wants to migrate 50 TB of data from an on-premises NAS to Amazon S3 over a slow internet connection. The migration must be completed within two weeks. Which approach is most appropriate?

A.Use AWS DataSync over the internet
B.Use AWS Snowball Edge
C.Use Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration
D.Set up AWS Direct Connect
AnswerB

Snowball Edge is a physical device that can handle large data volumes offline, bypassing slow internet.

Why this answer

(AWS Snowball Edge) is correct because it can handle large data volumes over slow networks. Option A (AWS DataSync) may be too slow. Option C (Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration) still uses internet.

Option D (AWS Direct Connect) may take time to set up.

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225
MCQmedium

A company is migrating an on-premises monolithic application to AWS. The application uses a legacy database that cannot be easily refactored. The company wants to minimize changes to the application code while gaining scalability and high availability. Which migration strategy should the architect recommend?

A.Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 and use Amazon RDS for the database.
B.Replatform the application to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk and Amazon DynamoDB.
C.Refactor the application to use a microservices architecture with Amazon Aurora.
D.Retire the application and replace it with a SaaS solution.
AnswerA

Rehosting moves the application as-is to EC2 and RDS, minimizing code changes while providing scalability and HA.

Why this answer

Rehosting (lift-and-shift) involves moving the application and database to AWS infrastructure (EC2 and RDS) with minimal changes. This preserves the legacy database and allows the company to achieve scalability and HA using AWS features like Multi-AZ and Auto Scaling. Replatforming would require modifying the database engine; refactoring involves significant changes; and retiring removes the application.

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