- A
Use SSE-KMS with a customer managed key and allow CloudTrail to use the key.
Why wrong: Option A is incorrect because while CloudTrail does support SSE-KMS, using a customer managed key adds complexity and cost. The question asks for a combination that works, and SSE-S3 with a bucket policy (option C) is a simpler and equally secure solution.
- B
Disable public access to the S3 bucket and enable versioning.
Why wrong: This does not encrypt the logs; encryption must be enabled separately.
- C
Enable default encryption (SSE-S3) on the S3 bucket and attach a bucket policy that restricts access to authorized IAM principals.
SSE-S3 encrypts logs at rest, and bucket policy controls access.
- D
Enable SSE-C on the S3 bucket and provide the encryption key in each API call.
Why wrong: SSE-C requires the client to provide the key; CloudTrail cannot do that.
CloudTrail Log Encryption and Access Control
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. A key principle to apply: sSE-S3. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is using AWS CloudTrail to log API calls. They want to ensure that log files are encrypted at rest and that only authorized users can access them. Which combination of actions should they take?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Enable default encryption (SSE-S3) on the S3 bucket and attach a bucket policy that restricts access to authorized IAM principals.
Option C is correct because enabling default encryption (SSE-S3) ensures logs are encrypted at rest, and attaching a bucket policy with conditions restricting access to authorized IAM principals ensures only authorized users can access them. Option A is incorrect because SSE-KMS is not the default and requires additional setup; the question asks for a combination that works, and SSE-S3 is simpler and fully supported. Option B is incorrect because disabling public access and enabling versioning helps with security and integrity but does not encrypt the logs. Option D is incorrect because SSE-C requires you to manage encryption keys yourself and provide them in every API call, which is not practical for CloudTrail logs. Thus, C is the best answer.
Key principle: SSE-S3
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use SSE-KMS with a customer managed key and allow CloudTrail to use the key.
Why it's wrong here
Option A is incorrect because while CloudTrail does support SSE-KMS, using a customer managed key adds complexity and cost. The question asks for a combination that works, and SSE-S3 with a bucket policy (option C) is a simpler and equally secure solution.
- ✗
Disable public access to the S3 bucket and enable versioning.
Why it's wrong here
This does not encrypt the logs; encryption must be enabled separately.
- ✓
Enable default encryption (SSE-S3) on the S3 bucket and attach a bucket policy that restricts access to authorized IAM principals.
Why this is correct
SSE-S3 encrypts logs at rest, and bucket policy controls access.
Related concept
SSE-S3
- ✗
Enable SSE-C on the S3 bucket and provide the encryption key in each API call.
Why it's wrong here
SSE-C requires the client to provide the key; CloudTrail cannot do that.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Treat this as a scenario question. Identify the problem, the constraint, and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- SSE-S3
- Bucket Policy
- IAM Principals
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
SSE-S3
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review sSE-S3, then practise related ANS-C01 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.
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Network Security, Compliance and Governance — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — SSE-S3.
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Enable default encryption (SSE-S3) on the S3 bucket and attach a bucket policy that restricts access to authorized IAM principals. — Option C is correct because enabling default encryption (SSE-S3) ensures logs are encrypted at rest, and attaching a bucket policy with conditions restricting access to authorized IAM principals ensures only authorized users can access them. Option A is incorrect because SSE-KMS is not the default and requires additional setup; the question asks for a combination that works, and SSE-S3 is simpler and fully supported. Option B is incorrect because disabling public access and enabling versioning helps with security and integrity but does not encrypt the logs. Option D is incorrect because SSE-C requires you to manage encryption keys yourself and provide them in every API call, which is not practical for CloudTrail logs. Thus, C is the best answer.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Review sSE-S3, then practise related ANS-C01 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.
What is the key concept behind this question?
SSE-S3
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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