Question 1,188 of 1,705
Network Security, Compliance and GovernancehardMultiple SelectObjective-mapped

How to Encrypt Direct Connect Traffic with IPsec and MACsec

This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A company is using AWS Direct Connect to connect on-premises to AWS. The security team wants to encrypt all traffic traversing the Direct Connect link. Which TWO options can achieve this?

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Establish an IPsec VPN tunnel over the Direct Connect virtual interface

Option A is correct because you can establish an IPsec VPN tunnel over a Direct Connect virtual interface to encrypt traffic at Layer 3. Option B is correct because MACsec (802.1ae) provides encryption at Layer 2 for dedicated connections. Option C is incorrect because TLS only encrypts specific application traffic, not all traffic traversing the link. Option D is incorrect because VPC gateway endpoints are used for private connectivity to S3 and DynamoDB, but they do not encrypt data across the Direct Connect link itself. Option E is incorrect because physical security does not provide encryption of data in transit.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Establish an IPsec VPN tunnel over the Direct Connect virtual interface

    Why this is correct

    Establishing an IPsec VPN over a Direct Connect virtual interface encrypts all traffic at Layer 3, ensuring confidentiality across the link.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

  • Enable MACsec on the Direct Connect dedicated connection

    Why this is correct

    Enabling MACsec on the dedicated connection provides Layer 2 encryption, securing all traffic at the physical level.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

  • Use TLS on all applications

    Why it's wrong here

    TLS is an application-layer protocol that only encrypts data for specific applications (e.g., HTTPS), not all traffic over Direct Connect.

  • Use VPC gateway endpoints for S3

    Why it's wrong here

    VPC gateway endpoints allow private access to AWS services but do not provide encryption for traffic traversing the Direct Connect link.

  • Rely on Direct Connect's physical security

    Why it's wrong here

    Direct Connect's physical security prevents unauthorized access to the cabling but does not encrypt data in transit.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
  • Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
  • Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
  • Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.

TExam Day Tips

  • Underline the problem statement mentally.
  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.

Quick reference

VPN Protocol Comparison

ProtocolPortEncryptionAuthenticationUse Case
IKEv2 / IPsecUDP 500 / 4500AES-256Certificates / PSKSite-to-site & remote access
SSL / TLS VPNTCP 443TLS 1.3Certificates / MFAClientless remote access
L2TP / IPsecUDP 1701AES (IPsec)PSK / CertificatesLegacy remote access
WireGuardUDP 51820ChaCha20Public keysModern high-performance VPN
PPTPTCP 1723MPPE (weak)MS-CHAPv2Legacy — avoid in production

PPTP is considered insecure. IKEv2/IPsec and SSL VPN are the current recommended options.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Identify which ANS-C01 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.

Related practice questions

Related ANS-C01 practice-question pages

Use these pages to review the topic behind this question. This is how one missed question becomes focused revision.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this ANS-C01 question test?

Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Establish an IPsec VPN tunnel over the Direct Connect virtual interface — Option A is correct because you can establish an IPsec VPN tunnel over a Direct Connect virtual interface to encrypt traffic at Layer 3. Option B is correct because MACsec (802.1ae) provides encryption at Layer 2 for dedicated connections. Option C is incorrect because TLS only encrypts specific application traffic, not all traffic traversing the link. Option D is incorrect because VPC gateway endpoints are used for private connectivity to S3 and DynamoDB, but they do not encrypt data across the Direct Connect link itself. Option E is incorrect because physical security does not provide encryption of data in transit.

What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?

Identify which ANS-C01 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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Same concept, more angles

5 more ways this is tested on ANS-C01

These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.

Variation 1. A company is using AWS Direct Connect to connect its on-premises network to AWS. The company wants to encrypt all traffic between its on-premises network and AWS. Which solution meets this requirement?

easy
  • A.Use a public virtual interface (VIF) and route traffic through a NAT gateway.
  • B.Use a private VIF and establish an IPsec VPN tunnel over the Direct Connect connection.
  • C.Use a private virtual interface (VIF) and enable encryption on the Direct Connect connection.
  • D.Use a private VIF and enable TLS on all applications.

Why B: Option B is correct because AWS Direct Connect does not natively encrypt traffic; it provides a private, dedicated network connection. To meet the encryption requirement, you can establish an IPsec VPN tunnel over the private VIF, which encrypts all traffic between the on-premises network and the VPC. This approach combines the low latency and reliability of Direct Connect with the security of IPsec encryption.

Variation 2. A company uses AWS Direct Connect to connect its on-premises network to a VPC. The security team wants to ensure that traffic between the on-premises network and the VPC is encrypted using IPSec. Which solution meets this requirement?

easy
  • A.Establish an IPSec VPN connection over the Direct Connect public virtual interface using a customer gateway and a virtual private gateway.
  • B.Use a private virtual interface (VIF) on the Direct Connect connection and enable encryption at the physical layer.
  • C.Use VPC endpoints (Gateway Endpoints) for all traffic between on-premises and the VPC.
  • D.Attach the Direct Connect virtual interface to a Transit Gateway and enable multicast.

Why A: Option A is correct because it establishes an IPSec VPN tunnel over a Direct Connect public virtual interface (VIF), which encrypts traffic between the on-premises network and the VPC. The customer gateway and virtual private gateway create a site-to-site VPN connection that uses IPSec to secure all data traversing the Direct Connect link, meeting the encryption requirement without relying on physical-layer security.

Variation 3. A company uses AWS Direct Connect to connect its on-premises network to AWS. The security team wants to encrypt all traffic traversing the Direct Connect link. Which solution should be used?

medium
  • A.Enable encryption on the Direct Connect virtual interface
  • B.Use TLS on all applications that communicate across the link
  • C.Establish an IPsec VPN tunnel over the Direct Connect link
  • D.Use VPC endpoints for all AWS services accessed

Why C: Option C is correct because an IPsec VPN tunnel over Direct Connect encrypts all traffic traversing the link, providing encryption while maintaining low latency. Option A is wrong because Direct Connect does not natively encrypt data; encryption must be added separately. Option B is wrong because TLS only protects application-layer traffic, not all traffic at the network level. Option D is wrong because VPC endpoints only protect traffic to specific AWS services, not all traffic across the Direct Connect link.

Variation 4. A company uses AWS Direct Connect to connect their on-premises network to AWS. They want to encrypt all traffic between their on-premises router and the AWS Direct Connect location. Which solution should they implement?

hard
  • A.Use an IPsec VPN over the internet for additional encryption.
  • B.Use AWS PrivateLink to create a secure connection.
  • C.Enable MACsec on the Direct Connect connection.
  • D.Use TLS to encrypt the traffic at the application layer.

Why C: Option C is correct: MACsec provides encryption at Layer 2 for Direct Connect. Option A is wrong because IPsec VPN over the internet is not over Direct Connect. Option B is wrong because TLS is for application layer. Option D is wrong because AWS PrivateLink is for VPC endpoints.

Variation 5. A company has a Direct Connect connection to AWS. They want to encrypt all traffic between their on-premises network and their VPC. Which solution meets this requirement?

hard
  • A.Use MACsec on the Direct Connect connection.
  • B.Set up a VPN connection over the Direct Connect link using IPsec.
  • C.Enable encryption on the Direct Connect virtual interface.
  • D.Use TLS for all traffic between on-premises and AWS.

Why B: Option B is correct. Direct Connect does not inherently encrypt traffic. To encrypt all traffic between on-premises and the VPC, you can establish an IPsec VPN tunnel over the Direct Connect link. This encrypts traffic at the network layer. Option A is incorrect: MACsec provides physical-layer encryption but is not supported on all Direct Connect connections and does not encrypt all traffic end-to-end. Option C is incorrect: Direct Connect virtual interfaces do not provide encryption. Option D is incorrect: TLS is an application-layer protocol; it would require individual applications to support it and does not encrypt all traffic at the network layer.

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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026

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This ANS-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the ANS-C01 exam.