SF-PD2 Practice Exam 3 — 20 Questions

Question 1

A business process requires that when a high-value Opportunity is closed, an external ERP system is notified via an event-driven architecture. Which solution provides the most decoupled and scalable integration pattern?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Publish a Platform Event to an event bus for the ERP system to consume.. Platform Events are the ideal choice for this architecture. They allow the Salesforce environment to publish an event message that is completely decoupled from the subscriber. This provides high scalability, as the ERP system can subscribe to the events at its own pace without impacting the transaction performance of the originating Salesforce process, ensuring that the business requirements are met with maximum system resilience.

Answer

Use an Apex trigger to perform an HTTP callout directly to the ERP system.

Answer

Configure an Outbound Message via Workflow Rule to send the data to the ERP.

Answer

Implement a scheduled batch job to query for closed opportunities and export them.

Question 2

Refer to the exhibit. An integration is failing when a guest user tries to access a public-facing API. What is the most likely cause, and how should it be addressed?

Accepted Answer

The Guest User profile lacks 'Read' or 'Edit' access to the requested object.. Guest user access is strictly controlled by the 'Guest User Access' security policy. By default, guest users have highly restricted permissions. The 403 error indicates that the Site Guest User profile lacks the necessary object or field-level permissions to read or update the data requested. The solution is to update the profile permissions specifically, following the principle of least privilege, or use a Guest User access controller with elevated sharing access.

Answer

The external system needs to be whitelisted in the Remote Site Settings.

Answer

The API endpoint is disabled for public access in the Setup menu.

Answer

The integration needs to be converted to a POST request to avoid security filters.

Question 3

A developer is writing a unit test for an Apex service class that calls an external REST endpoint using HttpRequest and Http. The test needs to verify that the class correctly parses a successful JSON response and also handles a 500 error response. The class uses a named credential for authentication. Which approach should the developer use to test both scenarios without making real callouts?

Accepted Answer

Implement HttpCalloutMock and register it with Test.setMock before each test method, returning different HttpResponse values for the success and error cases.. Apex tests cannot perform real HTTP callouts. Implementing HttpCalloutMock and registering it via Test.setMock lets the test control the exact HttpResponse returned. Registering one mock that returns a 200 with JSON and another that returns a 500 lets the same test class validate both the parsing logic and the error-handling branch deterministically, without network access.

Answer

Wrap the callout in a try-catch block and rely on the test's inability to reach the endpoint to simulate the 500 error.

Answer

Set the Apex class to use the @isTest(SeeAllData=true) annotation so the callout can access the external service.

Answer

Use Test.startTest and Test.stopTest to allow the callout to execute against the endpoint in a sandbox.

Question 4

A developer is building a batch Apex class to process 1 million records. The class implements Database.Batchable and uses a SOQL query in the start method. During testing, the developer notices that the batch job fails with a 'First error: Exceeded maximum number of SOQL queries' error. What is the most likely cause and how can it be resolved?

Accepted Answer

The execute method contains a SOQL query inside a loop; move it outside the loop and use a Map.. The most likely cause is a SOQL query inside a loop in the execute method, which quickly exceeds the 200 SOQL query limit per transaction. Moving the query outside the loop and using a Map to correlate records resolves the issue by reducing the number of queries to one per batch transaction. The other options do not address the root cause.

Answer

The start method uses a QueryLocator; switch to an Iterable to avoid query limits.

Answer

The query in the start method is not selective; add a WHERE clause to filter records.

Answer

The batch size is too large; reduce the batch size to 1 to avoid query limits.

Question 5

A developer is preparing a managed package for release and needs to validate that the package's Apex code does not exceed the per-transaction limits enforced by the platform. The developer wants to run the packaged test suite in a scratch org and see the exact number of SOQL queries and DML statements consumed during each test. Which approach best satisfies this requirement?

Accepted Answer

Run the tests with the Salesforce CLI using sf apex run test with the --result-format json flag and parse the limits object for each test result.. The JSON result format from sf apex run test attaches a limits object to each test result, exposing the exact SOQL and DML counters consumed by every test method. Parsing that structured output gives the developer the precise, per-test governor limit data required to prove a managed package stays within platform limits before release, which the other approaches cannot deliver.

Answer

Query the ApexTestResult object with SOQL after the run and read the StackTrace field for each record.

Answer

Enable debug logs at the FINEST level for the running user and read the cumulative limits as they appear at the bottom of each log.

Answer

Run the tests with the Salesforce CLI using sf apex run test with the --result-format human flag and inspect the output for limit usage.

Question 6

A developer is building an Apex REST resource that must return a list of Accounts in JSON format. The resource class is defined with @RestResource(urlMapping='/Accounts/*'). The developer wants to ensure that the response includes only the Account Name and Id fields, and that the JSON structure is flat (no nested attributes). Which approach should the developer use?

Accepted Answer

Create a custom Apex class with only Id and Name properties, populate a list of instances from the query, and serialize that list.. The requirement is to return a flat JSON structure with only Id and Name. Serializing sObjects directly can include extra metadata and fields. Defining a custom Apex class with only the needed properties and serializing a list of that class gives precise control over the output. This ensures the API contract is met without exposing unnecessary data.

Answer

Use the @JsonAccess annotation on the Account object to restrict the serialized fields to Id and Name.

Answer

Use the JSON.serialize method on a list of Account records queried with only the Id and Name fields.

Answer

Use the JSON.serializePretty method on the query results to format the JSON and then manually remove unwanted fields.

Question 7

A developer is preparing an Apex test class that must cover a service which schedules a Queueable job, and the test must verify that the queued job's logic actually ran and updated a record. The developer also needs the test to pass reliably in a CI pipeline. (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Assert on the updated record after Test.stopTest() returns, since the queued job's DML completes by then.. To test Queueable logic, enqueue the job between Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest(); stopTest() forces the asynchronous transaction to complete synchronously, and assertions placed afterward validate the real record changes. This pattern produces deterministic results in CI because the job's effects are observable before the test ends.

Answer

Use Test.setCreatedDate() to backdate the queued job's enqueue timestamp so the scheduler picks it up immediately.

Answer

Enqueue the job before Test.startTest() so it is queued outside the limit-reset boundary and runs independently.

Answer

Wrap the enqueue call in a try/catch for System.AsyncException and treat a caught exception as proof the job executed successfully.

Question 8

A developer is building a Lightning Web Component that needs to navigate to a specific record page when a user clicks a button. The developer wants to use the NavigationMixin from lightning/navigation. The component is a child component nested inside another component, and the developer needs to ensure that the navigation works correctly. Which code snippet correctly uses NavigationMixin to navigate to an Account record page?

Accepted Answer

this[NavigationMixin.Navigate]({ type: 'standard__recordPage', attributes: { recordId: '001...', objectApiName: 'Account', actionName: 'view' } });. The correct code uses this[NavigationMixin.Navigate] with a page reference object of type 'standard__recordPage'. This is the standard pattern for navigation in LWC. The mixin is applied to the class, and the Navigate method is accessed via bracket notation on the instance. The other options either use incorrect syntax or pass invalid arguments.

Answer

NavigationMixin.Navigate(this, { type: 'standard__recordPage', attributes: { recordId: '001...', objectApiName: 'Account', actionName: 'view' } });

Answer

this[NavigationMixin.Navigate](pageReference); where pageReference is defined as a string URL.

Answer

this.NavigationMixin.Navigate({ type: 'standard__recordPage', attributes: { recordId: '001...', objectApiName: 'Account', actionName: 'view' } });

Question 9

A developer must run a scheduled job that recalculates account health scores every night, but the calculation must also be triggered immediately whenever an Account record is updated during business hours. The calculation logic is already encapsulated in a Queueable class named HealthScoreQueueable. Which design meets both requirements with the least duplication and stays within platform limits?

Accepted Answer

Create a Schedulable class that enqueues HealthScoreQueueable, and from an Account trigger call System.enqueueJob with the same Queueable after checking that no matching job is already queued.. Centralizing the calculation in the existing Queueable and invoking it from both a Schedulable wrapper and the Account trigger avoids logic duplication. The duplicate-enqueue guard is essential because triggers can fire many times in one transaction, and without it the same Account could queue several identical jobs, consuming the daily asynchronous execution allowance.

Answer

Use a single Schedulable class that implements both Schedulable and Queueable interfaces, and invoke it directly from the trigger with Database.executeBatch.

Answer

Implement the calculation directly inside the Account trigger using synchronous Apex, and schedule a separate Schedulable class that duplicates the same calculation logic for the nightly run.

Answer

Configure two separate scheduled jobs in Setup, one for nightly execution and one that runs every minute during business hours to detect Account changes and enqueue the Queueable.

Question 10

A developer is reviewing a custom Lightning Web Component that displays a list of 10,000 Contacts. The component uses a wire adapter to call an Apex method that returns all Contacts in a single response. Users report that the component loads very slowly and sometimes freezes. What is the most effective way to improve the component's performance?

Accepted Answer

Implement pagination or infinite scrolling to load Contacts in smaller chunks.. Rendering 10,000 records at once is inefficient and can cause browser freezes. Implementing pagination or infinite scrolling loads data in smaller batches, reducing initial load time and memory consumption. This approach is recommended for large data sets in Lightning Web Components. Other options either misapply features or do not address the volume of data.

Answer

Use `@wire` with `getRecord` instead of a custom Apex method to leverage Lightning Data Service caching.

Answer

Move the data retrieval to a `setTimeout` function to defer loading until after the component renders.

Answer

Increase the Apex heap size by using `@AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)` to allow larger responses.

Question 11

A developer is writing a test method for a class that performs a SOQL query on a custom object. The test must ensure that the query returns the expected number of records. Which testing approach should be used to create test data that is isolated from the organization's data?

Accepted Answer

Create test records within the test method using DML operations and then run the query.. Creating test records within the test method using DML ensures that the data is isolated and rolled back after the test. This allows the developer to control the dataset and verify the query returns the expected number of records without interference from existing organizational data.

Answer

Use Test.loadData to load a static resource containing test records.

Answer

Use @isTest(SeeAllData=true) to access existing records and avoid creating test data.

Answer

Annotate the test class with @isTest and rely on the default data that Salesforce provides in test contexts.

Question 12

A developer is preparing to deploy a change set from a sandbox to production. The change set includes an Apex class that references a new custom field on Account. The deployment fails with a 'field does not exist' error. What is the most likely cause and the correct action?

Accepted Answer

The custom field was not added to the change set; the developer must add the field to the change set and redeploy.. Change sets require all dependent metadata to be included explicitly. When an Apex class references a custom field that is not in the change set, the target org lacks that field, and the deployment fails at compile time. The solution is to add the custom field to the change set and redeploy. This ensures the field exists before the class is compiled, resolving the dependency error.

Answer

The custom field is not accessible to the deploying user's profile; the developer must grant field-level security and redeploy.

Answer

The custom field's API name was changed in the sandbox; the developer must update the Apex class to use the new API name before deploying.

Answer

The Apex class was deployed before the custom field; the developer must deploy the field first, then the class.

Question 13

A developer is optimizing a Visualforce page that displays a large table of OpportunityLineItem records. The page uses a standard controller with an extension that queries all related OpportunityLineItems for an Opportunity. The page loads slowly for Opportunities with thousands of line items. The developer wants to improve performance without changing the user interface significantly. Which approach is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Implement pagination using a StandardSetController to limit the number of records displayed per page.. Pagination with StandardSetController limits the records loaded and rendered per page, reducing view state and improving load time. It is the most effective approach for large data sets in Visualforce without changing the UI significantly. Other options either do not reduce data volume or are not feasible.

Answer

Use JavaScript Remoting to load all records asynchronously after the page renders.

Answer

Set the readOnly attribute of the <apex:page> component to true.

Answer

Increase the view state limit by contacting Salesforce support to raise the limit.

Question 14

A developer is building a Lightning Web Component that should be embedded inside a Visualforce page. The LWC must receive a parameter passed from the Visualforce page and send an event back when a button is clicked. Which combination of features enables this integration?

Accepted Answer

Lightning Out with a dependency app, passing the parameter via the component attribute and receiving the event through a callback registered on the app.. Embedding an LWC in Visualforce requires Lightning Out: a dependency app declares the component, and the VF page instantiates it with $Lightning.use and $Lightning.createComponent. Attributes carry the inbound parameter, and an event handler supplied during creation receives events the component fires. Lightning Message Service, URL-addressable Aura wrappers, and JavaScript remoting each address different problems and cannot both pass a parameter in and return an event out in this context.

Answer

lightning:container and Lightning Message Service, using the published message channel to pass both the parameter and the return event.

Answer

A Visualforce remoting call using JavaScript remoting to invoke the LWC's controller and pass the parameter as a method argument.

Answer

An Aura component wrapper using lightning:isUrlAddressable, passing the parameter through the URL and reading it with the navigation mixin.

Question 15

A developer is building a Lightning Web Component that includes a button. When the button is clicked, the component must navigate the user to a specific Account record page in Lightning Experience. Which approach should the developer use?

Accepted Answer

Use the NavigationMixin from lightning/navigation and call this[NavigationMixin.Navigate] with a standard__recordPage page reference.. NavigationMixin provides a navigate method that accepts a page reference object. For a record page, the page reference type is standard__recordPage with the recordId and actionName attributes. This performs client-side navigation within Lightning Experience, preserving the app context and working in the mobile app. It is the documented, supported pattern for navigating from an LWC.

Answer

Use the lightning-formatted-url component with the record ID and target set to _self.

Answer

Set window.location.href to the record's URL constructed from the Salesforce instance domain.

Answer

Call the Apex method that returns the record URL and then assign it to a property bound to an anchor tag.

Question 16

A developer needs to write an Apex test method that verifies a trigger correctly updates a related Contact when an Account is inserted. The trigger performs a SOQL query and a DML update. What must the developer do to ensure the test passes in a Salesforce sandbox?

Accepted Answer

Create test data for the Account and insert it, then assert the Contact was updated.. For a trigger test to pass, the developer must create the test data that causes the trigger to fire, perform the DML operation, and then assert the expected outcome. Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() are useful for limit isolation but not sufficient alone. Using SeeAllData=true is risky and unnecessary. Triggers cannot use with sharing. Thus, creating and asserting test data is the correct approach.

Answer

Set the trigger to run in system mode by using with sharing.

Answer

Use the @isTest(SeeAllData=true) annotation to access existing records.

Answer

Use Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() to isolate the governor limits.

Question 17

A developer is building a Lightning Web Component that must display a toast notification when a record is saved successfully. The component uses lightning/platformShowToastEvent. Which import and usage are correct?

Accepted Answer

Import ShowToastEvent from lightning/platformShowToastEvent and dispatch it with new ShowToastEvent({ title, message, variant }).. To display a toast from an LWC, import the ShowToastEvent class from lightning/platformShowToastEvent, instantiate it with title, message, and variant, and dispatch it from the component. The event bubbles to the Lightning Experience toast container, which renders the notification. This works consistently across Lightning Experience and the Salesforce mobile app.

Answer

Use the lightning-toast base component and set its title, message, and variant attributes in the template.

Answer

Import toast from lightning/toast and call toast.show({ title, message, variant }).

Answer

Import ShowToastEvent from lightning/platformShowToastEvent and call this.ShowToastEvent({ title, message, variant }) without dispatching.

Question 18

A developer needs a Lightning Web Component to navigate the user to a specific Account record's detail page when a button is clicked. Which approach is correct?

Accepted Answer

Import NavigationMixin from lightning/navigation, extend the component class with it, and call this[NavigationMixin.Navigate] with a standard__recordPage page reference.. Client-side navigation in a Lightning Web Component is handled by the NavigationMixin from lightning/navigation. Extending the component class with the mixin and calling the Navigate method with a standard__recordPage page reference moves the user to the Account record page without a full reload. Manually setting the browser location, inventing a navigation base component, or fetching a URL from Apex all bypass the supported API and degrade the user experience.

Answer

Use window.location.href to set the browser URL to the record's Id appended to the Salesforce instance domain.

Answer

Call an Apex method annotated with @AuraEnabled that returns the record's URL and assign it to an anchor's href attribute.

Answer

Import the lightning:navigation base component, place it in the template, and set its recordId attribute to the Account Id.

Question 19

A developer is debugging an Apex class that is failing in production. The developer wants to capture debug logs for a specific user without affecting other users. Which tool should be used to set up a trace flag for that user?

Accepted Answer

Setup Debug Logs. To capture debug logs for a specific user, a developer should use the Debug Logs page in Setup. There, they can create a trace flag for that user, specifying the log levels and duration. This isolates the logging to that user, avoiding impact on others. Other tools like Developer Console are for personal debugging, and Audit Trail is for configuration changes.

Answer

Setup Audit Trail

Answer

Workbench

Answer

Developer Console

Question 20

A developer is designing a Platform Event-driven integration where an external system publishes order events and Apex subscribers update Order records. The team wants to guarantee that a transient downstream outage does not silently drop events, while also preventing duplicate order updates when the same event is redelivered. (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Make the Order update idempotent by keying on a unique event identifier stored on the Order, and skip the update if that identifier is already recorded.. Durability across an outage comes from persisting the last processed replayId and resubscribing from it, which replays events still inside the retention window. Because delivery is at least once, duplicate suppression must be handled in the consumer, and idempotent updates keyed on a unique event identifier accomplish that without relying on transport guarantees.

Answer

Increase the event delivery allocation by purchasing additional Platform Event add-on capacity so that redelivery cannot occur.

Answer

Configure the subscriber to use replayId -2 so that only new events are received, and rely on the external publisher to resend anything missed.

Answer

Use a Streaming API push topic on the Order object instead of a Platform Event so that only committed changes are streamed and duplicates are impossible.