Practise interpreting routing-table output, route selection, administrative distance, metrics, next hops and longest-prefix match.
Start Scenario PracticeRefer to the exhibit. A network engineer is troubleshooting a routing issue. The route for 10.0.0.0/8 is learned via EIGRP with metric 2560512. Which change would most likely cause the metric to increase?
Explanation: The EIGRP metric is calculated using the formula: metric = (K1 * bandwidth + (K2 * bandwidth) / (256 - load) + K3 * delay) * 256, with default K values (K1=1, K3=1, others=0). Increasing the delay on the outgoing interface (GigabitEthernet0/0) directly increases the delay component in the composite metric, causing the overall metric to increase. Option D is correct because delay is a key variable in the EIGRP metric calculation.
Refer to the exhibit. R1 has two equal-cost OSPF E2 routes to 10.1.1.0/24 via two different next hops. However, when tracing to 10.1.1.1, all traffic uses the path through 10.0.1.2. What is the most likely reason?
Explanation: OSPF E2 routes do not include the internal cost to the ASBR; the cost shown in the routing table is the external metric only. When two E2 routes have the same external metric, Cisco IOS uses the interface cost as a tie-breaker to select the best next hop. In this scenario, the interface to 10.0.1.2 has a lower cost than the interface to 10.0.2.2, so all traffic is forwarded via 10.0.1.2.
Refer to the exhibit. An administrator needs to ensure that traffic to 192.168.1.0/24 is forwarded via a different path than traffic to 192.168.2.0/24, even though both routes are learned via OSPF with the same metric. Which action should the administrator take?
Explanation: Option B is correct because adding a static route for 192.168.1.0/24 with a lower administrative distance (e.g., 1) than OSPF (default 110) forces the router to prefer the static route over the OSPF-learned route, even though the OSPF metric is the same. This allows traffic to 192.168.1.0/24 to use a different next-hop (e.g., 10.0.0.1) while traffic to 192.168.2.0/24 continues using the OSPF-learned path via 10.0.0.2, achieving the desired path differentiation without altering OSPF metrics or using complex PBR.
Router R3 has the following OSPF configuration: router ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 default-information originate always metric 20 metric-type 2 What is the effect of the 'default-information originate always' command?
Explanation: The 'default-information originate always' command injects a default route (0.0.0.0/0) into the OSPF link-state database unconditionally, regardless of whether the router itself has a default route in its routing table. The 'always' keyword overrides the default behavior, which requires a pre-existing default route. The metric 20 and metric-type 2 (E2) are explicitly set in the command, making the injected route an external type 2 route with a seed metric of 20.
A network engineer is configuring EIGRP on a router that connects to a service provider network. The engineer wants to advertise a default route to internal routers. The engineer configures 'ip default-network 0.0.0.0' and redistributes a static default route into EIGRP. However, internal routers are not receiving the default route. The engineer checks the EIGRP topology table and sees the default route with a metric of 1. What is the most likely reason?
Explanation: Option A is correct because EIGRP does not support the 'ip default-network' command to originate a default route; this command is used with IGRP. To advertise a default route in EIGRP, the engineer must use the 'default-information originate' command under the EIGRP process, which redistributes a static default route (0.0.0.0/0) into EIGRP. The presence of the default route in the topology table with a metric of 1 indicates it was redistributed, but without 'default-information originate', EIGRP will not advertise it to neighbors.
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Practice all Show IP Route Output Practice QuestionsPractise interpreting routing-table output, route selection, administrative distance, metrics, next hops and longest-prefix match. These appear throughout the 350-401 and require you to apply your knowledge, not just recall facts.
Cisco doesn't publish an exact breakdown, but scenario-based questions (especially exhibit and command-output formats) make up a significant portion of the 350-401. Practicing each scenario type ensures you're ready for any format.
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