Practise routing and connectivity troubleshooting scenarios involving R1, R2, R3, static routes, OSPF, next hops and routing tables.
Start Scenario PracticeDrag and drop the steps to configure a static route on a Cisco IOS router into the correct order.
Explanation: Static routes require global config mode and must specify the destination network, subnet mask, and next-hop address or exit interface.
Refer to the exhibit. R1 has two equal-cost OSPF E2 routes to 10.1.1.0/24 via two different next hops. However, when tracing to 10.1.1.1, all traffic uses the path through 10.0.1.2. What is the most likely reason?
Explanation: OSPF E2 routes do not include the internal cost to the ASBR; the cost shown in the routing table is the external metric only. When two E2 routes have the same external metric, Cisco IOS uses the interface cost as a tie-breaker to select the best next hop. In this scenario, the interface to 10.0.1.2 has a lower cost than the interface to 10.0.2.2, so all traffic is forwarded via 10.0.1.2.
Your company has deployed a Cisco Catalyst 9300 switch stack as the distribution layer for a campus network. The network uses VLANs 10 (data), 20 (voice), and 30 (management). The switch stack is configured with DHCP snooping, Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI), and IP Source Guard (IPSG) on access ports. Recently, users in VLAN 10 report intermittent connectivity issues. You notice that some users receive duplicate IP addresses from the DHCP server. The DHCP server is connected to a trunk port on the switch stack. After reviewing logs, you see that DHCPACK messages are being dropped on the trunk port. The DHCP snooping binding table shows entries for legitimate clients, but also some entries with MAC addresses from a different vendor. Which action should you take to resolve the issue?
Explanation: The DHCP snooping feature treats all ports as untrusted by default, which means DHCP server messages (DHCPOFFER, DHCPACK, DHCPNAK) are dropped on untrusted ports. Since the DHCP server is connected to a trunk port and DHCPACK messages are being dropped, that trunk port must be explicitly configured as a trusted port for DHCP snooping using the 'ip dhcp snooping trust' interface command. This allows legitimate DHCP server responses to reach clients, resolving the duplicate IP address issue caused by clients not receiving their assigned addresses.
Which THREE conditions are required for OSPF routers to become fully adjacent? (Choose three.)
Explanation: OSPF routers must share the same area ID to form a full adjacency because the area ID defines the link-state database scope. Routers in different areas cannot exchange Type 1 LSAs directly; they rely on ABRs for inter-area routing. Without matching area IDs, the routers will not even proceed to the 2-Way state.
Which TWO of the following are valid methods to mitigate VLAN hopping attacks?
Explanation: Option B is correct because disabling Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) on all access ports prevents a switch port from automatically negotiating a trunk, which is the primary vector for VLAN hopping attacks. An attacker can spoof DTP messages to force a port into trunking mode, gaining access to multiple VLANs; disabling DTP eliminates this risk.
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Practice all Router R1 Cannot Reach R3 Practice QuestionsPractise routing and connectivity troubleshooting scenarios involving R1, R2, R3, static routes, OSPF, next hops and routing tables. These appear throughout the 350-401 and require you to apply your knowledge, not just recall facts.
Cisco doesn't publish an exact breakdown, but scenario-based questions (especially exhibit and command-output formats) make up a significant portion of the 350-401. Practicing each scenario type ensures you're ready for any format.
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