CCNA Practice Test 12 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure a new WLAN on a Cisco WLC using IOS-XE CLI, including WPA3-Personal security, and to complete a wireless client association with DHCP.

Accepted Answer

Enter global configuration mode, create WLAN profile, configure WPA3-Personal (SAE) security, enable WLAN, client associates, client obtains IP via DHCP.. The configuration order follows the Cisco IOS-XE WLC CLI: first enter global config, create the WLAN profile, set security (WPA3-Personal/SAE), enable the WLAN, then the client associates and gets an IP via DHCP.

Answer

Enter global configuration mode, create WLAN profile, enable WLAN, configure WPA3-Personal (SAE) security, client associates, client obtains IP via DHCP.

Answer

Enter global configuration mode, configure WPA3-Personal (SAE) security, create WLAN profile, enable WLAN, client associates, client obtains IP via DHCP.

Answer

Enter global configuration mode, create WLAN profile, configure WPA3-Personal (SAE) security, enable WLAN, client obtains IP via DHCP, client associates.

Question 2

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure Root Guard on designated ports, Loop Guard on non-designated ports, and BPDU Guard on PortFast ports, and to recover a port that enters err-disabled due to a BPDU guard violation.

Accepted Answer

1. Configure Root Guard on designated ports. 2. Configure Loop Guard on non-designated ports. 3. Configure BPDU Guard on PortFast ports. 4. To recover a port that enters err-disabled due to BPDU Guard violation, manually shut and no shut the interface.. Root Guard on designated, Loop Guard on non-designated, then BPDU Guard on PortFast; recovery requires interface reset after violation.

Answer

1. Configure BPDU Guard on PortFast ports. 2. Configure Loop Guard on non-designated ports. 3. Configure Root Guard on designated ports. 4. To recover a port that enters err-disabled due to BPDU Guard violation, re-enable BPDU Guard on the port.

Answer

1. Configure Loop Guard on non-designated ports. 2. Configure Root Guard on designated ports. 3. Configure BPDU Guard on PortFast ports. 4. To recover a port that enters err-disabled due to BPDU Guard violation, configure errdisable recovery cause bpduguard.

Answer

1. Configure Root Guard on designated ports. 2. Configure BPDU Guard on PortFast ports. 3. Configure Loop Guard on non-designated ports. 4. To recover a port that enters err-disabled due to BPDU Guard violation, remove BPDU Guard from the port.

Question 3

You are connected to R1 via the console. R1 has two directly connected interfaces: G0/0 to R2 (IPv4 only) and G0/1 to a LAN switch (dual stack). Your task: configure IPv4 and IPv6 default routes on R1 pointing to R2 (next-hop 10.0.0.2 and 2001:db8:1::2). Also configure a floating static route to 192.0.2.0/24 via R2 with an administrative distance of 10 (so it is used only if the directly connected route fails). The current running-config shows an incorrect static route that causes recursive routing failure. Identify and fix the issue.

Accepted Answer

Remove the incorrect static route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 and add ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 10. The static route to 192.0.2.0/24 uses next-hop 10.0.0.1, which is R1's own interface IP, not R2's. This causes recursive routing failure because the router tries to reach itself. The correct next-hop should be 10.0.0.2 (R2's G0/0 IP). Additionally, the floating static route must have a higher AD (10) so it is less preferred than the directly connected route (AD 0). Remove the incorrect route and add the correct floating static route with AD 10.

Answer

Remove the incorrect static route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 and add ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 1

Answer

Keep the existing static route and add ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 10

Answer

Remove the incorrect static route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 and add ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 g0/0

Question 4

A PC connected to SW1 cannot reach the default gateway. The access port is assigned to VLAN 20, and the switch output shows that VLAN 20 is inactive. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

VLAN 20 does not exist or is not active on the switch. The port is operationally up, but VLAN 20 is listed as inactive because that VLAN does not exist in the VLAN database. An access port assigned to a missing VLAN will not carry normal user traffic for that VLAN.

Answer

Port security has shut down the interface

Answer

The port must be converted to a trunk

Answer

The default gateway must be configured on the physical switch port

Question 5

You are connected to R1, a router that serves as the DNS resolver for the local network 192.168.10.0/24. Users report that they cannot resolve the hostname 'webserver.internal' to its IP address (192.168.10.50), and reverse DNS lookups for that IP return a different name. Additionally, some queries to an external domain 'example.com' time out. Diagnose and fix the DNS configuration on R1 using nslookup and dig commands where applicable, ensuring proper forward and reverse resolution for internal hosts and reachability to external DNS servers.

Accepted Answer

Remove the unreachable DNS server 192.0.2.53, add an A record for webserver.internal (192.168.10.50), and correct the PTR record for 192.168.10.50 to point to webserver.internal.. The DNS server 192.0.2.53 is unreachable, causing timeouts for external queries. The primary DNS server 203.0.113.53 returns NXDOMAIN for 'webserver.internal' because no A record exists for that hostname in the internal zone. Additionally, the PTR record for 192.168.10.50 incorrectly points to 'mail.internal' instead of 'webserver.internal'. To fix, first remove the unreachable DNS server with 'no ip name-server 192.0.2.53' or replace it with a reachable one. Then, on the DNS server (or via static host entries on R1), add an A record for webserver.internal (192.168.10.50) and correct the PTR record to point to webserver.internal. Optionally, configure 'ip host webserver.internal 192.168.10.50' on R1 for local resolution.

Answer

Add an A record for webserver.internal (192.168.10.50) and correct the PTR record for 192.168.10.50 to point to webserver.internal, but leave the unreachable DNS server 192.0.2.53 in the configuration.

Answer

Remove the unreachable DNS server 192.0.2.53 and add an A record for webserver.internal (192.168.10.50), but do not correct the PTR record for 192.168.10.50.

Answer

Replace the unreachable DNS server 192.0.2.53 with a reachable one, and correct the PTR record for 192.168.10.50 to point to webserver.internal, but do not add an A record for webserver.internal.

Question 6

A router learns 172.16.40.0/24 from OSPF with AD 110 and metric 20. It also learns the same prefix from EIGRP with AD 90 and feasible distance 30720. Which route is installed?

Accepted Answer

The EIGRP route because its administrative distance is lower. When the same prefix is learned from different routing protocols, the router compares administrative distance first. EIGRP internal routes have AD 90, which beats OSPF AD 110, so the EIGRP path goes into the table.

Answer

The OSPF route because metric 20 is lower than 30720

Answer

Both routes because ECMP is automatic across different protocols

Answer

Neither route until one is redistributed into the other protocol

Question 7

A network engineer is troubleshooting OSPFv3 adjacency between two directly connected Cisco routers, R1 and R2, both running IOS-XE. The engineer configures OSPFv3 on both routers but notices that the adjacency does not form. The engineer runs 'show ospfv3 neighbor' on R1 and sees no neighbors. What is the most likely cause of this issue?

Accepted Answer

The interface GigabitEthernet0/0 is missing the 'ospfv3 1 ipv6 area 0' command.. OSPFv3 requires explicit interface-level configuration to enable the protocol on a specific interface. The correct command is 'ospfv3 1 ipv6 area 0' (or 'ipv6 ospf 1 area 0' for the traditional OSPFv3 configuration). Without this command, the interface does not participate in OSPFv3, so no Hello packets are sent or received, preventing adjacency formation.

Answer

The OSPFv3 process ID must match on both routers.

Answer

The link-local addresses are not in the same subnet.

Answer

The router ID 1.1.1.1 is duplicated on R2.

Question 8

Exhibit: An administrator wants inside hosts in 192.168.10.0/24 to reach the internet using one public IP address on the edge router. Which feature is being used?

Accepted Answer

PAT overload. When many inside private addresses share one public address and are differentiated by Layer 4 port numbers, the router is using PAT. Cisco documentation often calls this NAT overload.

Answer

Static NAT

Answer

Policy-based routing

Answer

Port security

Question 9

You are troubleshooting connectivity for a wireless client connected to the home network shown below. The client has obtained an APIPA address (169.254.x.x), indicating DHCP failure. Verify the DHCP server configuration on R1 and correct the issue so that the client receives a valid IP address from the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet.

Accepted Answer

Enable the DHCP service globally using the 'service dhcp' command on R1.. The client obtained an APIPA address (169.254.x.x) because DHCP was not assigning addresses. The DHCP pool is correctly configured, but the global DHCP service must be enabled with the 'service dhcp' command on R1. The excluded-address range (192.168.1.1–192.168.1.10) uses only a small fraction of the /24 subnet, so it is not the issue. Enabling 'service dhcp' allows the router to process DHCP requests and assign addresses from the pool.

Answer

Remove the 'ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.10' command because it excludes too many addresses.

Answer

Change the DHCP pool network to 192.168.1.0/24 and add the default-router 192.168.1.1 command.

Answer

Configure the 'ip helper-address' command on the client's VLAN interface to forward DHCP requests to the server.

Question 10

Exhibit: R1 has learned 10.50.0.0/24 through OSPF and also has a floating static route to the same prefix with administrative distance 130. Which route is installed while OSPF is healthy?

Accepted Answer

The OSPF route because its administrative distance is lower than the floating static route. A floating static route is meant to stay out of the table until the preferred route disappears. OSPF has administrative distance 110, which is lower than the static route AD 130, so the OSPF route is installed while the OSPF path is still present.

Answer

The static route because static routes always win over dynamic routes

Answer

Both routes because the prefix length matches

Answer

Neither route until equal-cost load balancing is configured

Question 11

A network technician is troubleshooting a router that cannot be accessed via SSH. The router responds to Telnet but SSH attempts return 'connection refused'. The technician confirmed that 'ip ssh version 2' is configured and 'show ip ssh' indicates SSH is enabled. The output of 'show line vty 0 4' shows 'transport input telnet'. What should the technician do next?

Accepted Answer

Add the 'transport input ssh' command to the VTY lines.. The VTY lines are configured with 'transport input telnet', which explicitly allows only Telnet sessions. SSH is enabled globally, but because it is not listed in the VTY transport input, the router rejects SSH connection attempts. Adding 'transport input ssh' (or 'transport input all') under the VTY lines permits SSH connections without disrupting Telnet, solving the mismatch at the application layer.

Answer

Generate a new RSA key pair and restart the SSH service.

Answer

Configure 'ip ssh version 1' to enable backward compatibility.

Answer

Configure AAA authentication on the VTY lines.

Question 12

Which two statements accurately describe DNS and DHCP?

Accepted Answer

DNS resolves names to IP information, while DHCP dynamically assigns addressing information to clients.. DNS and DHCP solve very different problems, even though both are common infrastructure services. DNS helps devices and users find systems by name. In simple terms, it means people can type a hostname rather than memorizing numeric IP addresses. DHCP automatically gives clients important IP settings such as an address, subnet mask, default gateway, and often DNS server information.

The trick in comparison questions is not to blend their roles together. DHCP does not perform NAT, and it does not eliminate the need for addressing details; it actually supplies them.

Answer

DHCP is used primarily to translate private addresses into public addresses.

Answer

DHCP replaces the need for subnet masks and default gateways.

Answer

DNS and DHCP are both Layer 1 technologies.

Question 13

You are connected to R1. Configure NTP client so that R1 synchronizes with the NTP server at 198.51.100.10, using its Loopback0 (10.0.0.1/32) as the source interface. Also configure syslog to send messages of severity 5 (notifications) and above to 192.0.2.20. The current configuration shows a misconfigured NTP server address and an incorrect logging trap level. Verify with 'show ntp status' (stratum should not be 16) and 'show logging'.

Accepted Answer

ntp server 198.51.100.10 source Loopback0
logging trap notifications. The misconfigured NTP server address (203.0.113.5) and the debug-level logging trap (7) must be corrected to meet requirements. The correct commands are 'ntp server 198.51.100.10 source Loopback0' to use the specified server and Loopback0 as source, and 'logging trap notifications' (severity 5) to send only notifications and more severe messages. Option B is wrong because 'logging trap 4' sets the trap level to warning, which would not forward notifications. Option C misses the source interface, and Option D uses the wrong NTP server and an overly verbose trap level.

Answer

ntp server 198.51.100.10 source Loopback0
logging trap 4

Answer

ntp server 198.51.100.10
logging trap notifications

Answer

ntp server 203.0.113.5 source Loopback0
logging trap 7

Question 14

A branch router has only one WAN link connected to an Ethernet handoff from the provider. Which static default route is generally the better choice?

Accepted Answer

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.51.100.1. On multiaccess Ethernet, pointing the default route to a next-hop IP address is usually cleaner because the router can resolve the next hop with ARP. Using only the exit interface on Ethernet can make the router treat many destinations as directly connected and trigger unnecessary ARP behavior.

Answer

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0

Answer

ip route 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 198.51.100.1

Answer

No static default route should ever be used on Ethernet.

Question 15

You are connected to SW1 via the console. The network has three switches connected in a triangle: SW1 (G0/1 to SW2 G0/1), SW1 (G0/2 to SW3 G0/1), and SW2 (G0/2 to SW3 G0/2). SW1 is the root bridge. A PC is connected to SW3's G0/3 port, which should be an edge port. However, the PC has been sending BPDUs, causing the port to go err-disabled. Configure SW3 to prevent this in the future: enable PortFast and BPDU Guard on G0/3. Then, verify that the port recovers from err-disabled state and that a specific blocked port on SW2 is identified. Use the provided show output to determine the current state and necessary commands.

Accepted Answer

interface g0/3
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree bpduguard enable
 shutdown
 no shutdown. The PC connected to SW3's G0/3 was sending BPDUs, causing the port to go err-disabled due to BPDU Guard. To prevent this, enable PortFast and BPDU Guard on that interface. First, move to interface configuration mode for G0/3, then issue 'spanning-tree portfast' and 'spanning-tree bpduguard enable'. After configuration, the port will remain err-disabled until manually recovered by issuing 'shutdown' followed by 'no shutdown'. The blocked port on SW2 is G0/2, as shown by the 'Altn BLK' role/status in its spanning-tree output.

Answer

interface g0/3
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree bpduguard enable
 no shutdown

Answer

interface g0/3
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree bpduguard enable
 end
 copy running-config startup-config

Answer

interface g0/3
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree bpduguard enable
 shutdown