Term 31
Antivirus
Antivirus is software that detects, prevents, and removes malicious software (malware) from a computer or network.
Acronym study
Terms 31–60 of 956 220-1102 acronyms and key terms. Each entry includes a plain-English definition and a link to the full 800-word glossary page with exam context and practice questions.
Term 31
Antivirus is software that detects, prevents, and removes malicious software (malware) from a computer or network.
Term 32
A model where you rent any IT resource or service over the internet instead of owning it.
Term 33
APFS (Apple File System) is a modern file system designed by Apple for solid-state drives and flash storage, offering improved performance, encryption, and space sharing across macOS, iOS, and other Apple devices.
Term 34
An API is a set of rules that allows software applications to communicate and exchange data with each other.
Term 35
API security is the practice of protecting application programming interfaces from attacks by ensuring only authorized users and applications can access data and functions.
Term 36
An app protection policy is a set of rules that controls how data is handled and secured within mobile applications, ensuring corporate information stays safe even on personal devices.
Term 37
AppArmor is a Linux kernel security module that restricts programs to a predefined set of resources using mandatory access control (MAC) policies.
Term 38
Apple File System (APFS) is a modern file system designed by Apple for macOS, iOS, and other Apple devices, optimized for flash storage and strong encryption.
Term 39
Application Control is a security feature in Windows that allows administrators to specify exactly which applications are allowed to run on a device, blocking everything else by default.
Term 40
An application crash is when a software program stops working unexpectedly and either closes, freezes, or becomes unresponsive.
Term 41
Application deployment is the process of making a software application available for use, typically by installing, configuring, and activating it on target devices or servers.
Term 42
A set of rules and tools that allows one software program to talk to another, like a messenger between applications.
Term 43
AppLocker is a Windows security feature that helps IT administrators control which applications and files users are allowed to run on their computers.
Term 44
An ARM template is a JSON file that defines the infrastructure and configuration for Azure resources, enabling repeatable and consistent deployments.
Term 45
ARO stands for Annualized Rate of Occurrence, a number that estimates how often a specific threat or risk event is expected to happen in a single year.
Term 46
ARP poisoning is a network attack where an attacker sends fake Address Resolution Protocol messages to link their MAC address with a legitimate IP address, enabling them to intercept, modify, or stop data on a local network.
Term 47
Artifact Registry is a managed service for storing, managing, and securing container images and other software packages in a centralized repository.
Term 48
In IT and cybersecurity, an asset is anything valuable that an organization owns or controls, including data, hardware, software, people, and intellectual property.
Term 49
Asset management is the process of tracking and maintaining all the hardware and software items a company owns throughout their entire life cycle.
Term 50
Asset valuation is the process of determining the financial worth of an organization's information assets, often used to prioritize security controls and allocate protection resources effectively.
Term 51
Assume breach is a security mindset where an organization operates as if attackers have already compromised their network, shifting focus to rapid detection, containment, and damage limitation rather than only prevention.
Term 52
Assured Workloads is a set of cloud security controls that help organizations run sensitive workloads in a trusted, verified environment on Google Cloud.
Term 53
The attack chain (or kill chain) is a model that describes the stages of a cyberattack, from initial reconnaissance to the final objective, helping defenders understand and disrupt each phase.
Term 54
Attack simulation training is a Microsoft 365 security tool that lets IT administrators run realistic phishing and password-attack campaigns against their own users to identify vulnerabilities and improve security awareness.
Term 55
Attack surface reduction is a set of security practices that minimizes the number of ways an attacker can access or exploit a system by removing unnecessary features, locking down configurations, and controlling software behavior.
Term 56
An Audio Processing Unit (APU) is a dedicated processor designed specifically to handle all sound-related tasks in a computer or device, freeing up the main CPU for other work.
Term 57
An audit is a systematic, independent review of IT systems, processes, and controls to verify compliance with policies, standards, and regulations.
Term 58
An audit log is a chronological record of security-relevant events and user activities within a system, used for monitoring, compliance, and forensic analysis.
Term 59
An audit trail is a chronological record of events, changes, or activities in a system that provides evidence of who did what, when, and from where.
Term 60
An Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) is a set of rules that define how users are allowed to access and use a company's network, devices, and internet connection.