The answer is data loss prevention (DLP) policies. DLP policies in Microsoft Purview are designed to automatically detect, monitor, and protect sensitive data—such as protected health information (PHI) under HIPAA—by enforcing rules that block or warn users when data is shared inappropriately. While sensitivity labels classify and mark data, they do not automatically enforce protection actions like blocking a file transfer; DLP policies provide that active enforcement layer. On the SC-900 exam, this question tests your understanding of how Purview solutions map to compliance scenarios, often contrasting DLP’s automatic enforcement with the passive roles of audit logs (which only record events) and eDiscovery (which searches for legal review). A common trap is confusing sensitivity labels with DLP, but remember: labels tag the data, DLP polices the action. Memory tip: DLP = “Don’t Let it Pass” for automatic enforcement.
SC-900 Practice Question: Describe the concepts of security, compliance, and identity
This SC-900 practice question tests your understanding of describe the concepts of security, compliance, and identity. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A healthcare organization must comply with HIPAA regulations. They use Microsoft Purview to classify and label patient data. Which Microsoft Purview capability helps them enforce data protection policies automatically?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Data loss prevention (DLP) policies
Data loss prevention (DLP) policies in Microsoft Purview can automatically detect and protect sensitive data like health information. Option A is wrong because sensitivity labels apply classification but not automatic protection actions. Option B is wrong because audit logs record events but don't enforce policies. Option D is wrong because eDiscovery focuses on searching content for legal purposes, not automatic enforcement.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
eDiscovery
Why it's wrong here
eDiscovery is for searching and exporting content for legal investigations, not automatic enforcement.
✗
Audit logs
Why it's wrong here
Audit logs track activities but do not enforce policies automatically.
✗
Sensitivity labels
Why it's wrong here
Labels classify data but require additional configuration for protection actions.
✓
Data loss prevention (DLP) policies
Why this is correct
DLP policies can automatically block or warn users when sensitive data is shared inappropriately.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A cloud solutions architect for a retail company is evaluating services for a new workload. The correct answer here reflects best practice for the specific scenario described — not a general cloud recommendation. NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated. Cloud exam questions reward reading the constraint carefully: the same technology can be right or wrong depending on the use case.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this SC-900 question in full detail.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-900 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Describe the concepts of security, compliance, and identity — This question tests Describe the concepts of security, compliance, and identity — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Data loss prevention (DLP) policies — Data loss prevention (DLP) policies in Microsoft Purview can automatically detect and protect sensitive data like health information. Option A is wrong because sensitivity labels apply classification but not automatic protection actions. Option B is wrong because audit logs record events but don't enforce policies. Option D is wrong because eDiscovery focuses on searching content for legal purposes, not automatic enforcement.
What should I do if I get this SC-900 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-900 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Question Discussion
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