The answer is to configure two conditional access policies: one requiring device compliance or Azure AD join with health attestation, and another for unmanaged devices requiring app protection policies. This combination directly satisfies all requirements because it leverages Intune’s device compliance checks alongside Microsoft Defender for Endpoint’s health attestation signals—such as detecting rooted or jailbroken devices—while providing a fallback for unmanaged devices through app protection policies that secure browser-only access to web apps. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this scenario tests your ability to integrate Intune, Entra ID, and Defender for Endpoint within a layered conditional access strategy, often appearing as a multi-condition policy design question. A common trap is choosing MFA-only or location-based policies, which ignore device health signals entirely. Memory tip: think “Compliance + Health = Block rooted; App Protection = Fallback for unmanaged.”
SC-100 Practice Question: Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your organization, Fabrikam Inc., uses Microsoft Intune for device management and Microsoft Entra ID for identity. You need to design a solution to ensure that only compliant and healthy devices can access corporate resources. The solution must require that devices are either enrolled in Intune and compliant, or joined to Azure AD with a health attestation. Additionally, you need to block access from devices that are rooted or jailbroken. You have the following requirements: 1) Enforce conditional access policies to check device compliance and health. 2) Use Microsoft Defender for Endpoint integration for device health signals. 3) Provide a fallback option for unmanaged devices to access only web apps via browser with app protection policies. Which combination of actions should you take?
Configure conditional access to require MFA for all devices, and use device filters to exclude non-compliant devices.
Why wrong: MFA alone does not enforce device compliance or health.
B
Configure conditional access to require device compliance, and enable device health attestation via Intune.
Why wrong: Does not address unmanaged devices.
C
Configure conditional access to block access from unknown locations, and require device enrollment for all users.
Why wrong: Location-based blocking is unrelated to device health.
D
Configure conditional access policies: one requiring device compliance or Azure AD joined with health attestation, and another for unmanaged devices requiring app protection policies.
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Configure conditional access policies: one requiring device compliance or Azure AD joined with health attestation, and another for unmanaged devices requiring app protection policies.
Option B is correct because it covers all requirements: conditional access policies for compliance/health, Defender for Endpoint integration for health signals, and app protection policies for unmanaged devices. Option A is incorrect because it uses MFA only, not device compliance. Option C is incorrect because it relies on device compliance only, not health attestation. Option D is incorrect because it uses location-based policy, which does not address device health.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
Configure conditional access to require MFA for all devices, and use device filters to exclude non-compliant devices.
Why it's wrong here
MFA alone does not enforce device compliance or health.
✗
Configure conditional access to require device compliance, and enable device health attestation via Intune.
Why it's wrong here
Does not address unmanaged devices.
✗
Configure conditional access to block access from unknown locations, and require device enrollment for all users.
Why it's wrong here
Location-based blocking is unrelated to device health.
✓
Configure conditional access policies: one requiring device compliance or Azure AD joined with health attestation, and another for unmanaged devices requiring app protection policies.
Why this is correct
This meets all requirements.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this SC-100 question in full detail.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities — This question tests Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Configure conditional access policies: one requiring device compliance or Azure AD joined with health attestation, and another for unmanaged devices requiring app protection policies. — Option B is correct because it covers all requirements: conditional access policies for compliance/health, Defender for Endpoint integration for health signals, and app protection policies for unmanaged devices. Option A is incorrect because it uses MFA only, not device compliance. Option C is incorrect because it relies on device compliance only, not health attestation. Option D is incorrect because it uses location-based policy, which does not address device health.
What should I do if I get this SC-100 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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