- A
Use Microsoft Entra Application Proxy to publish the loan origination application for remote access.
Microsoft Entra Application Proxy provides secure remote access to on-premises web applications without a VPN, and it integrates with conditional access policies for additional security.
- B
Deploy Azure Front Door with WAF policies in front of the loan origination application.
Why wrong: Azure Front Door provides global load balancing and web application firewall, but it does not provide secure remote access for internal applications; it is typically used for internet-facing applications.
- C
Configure Azure VPN Gateway to allow site-to-site VPN connections from employee home offices.
Why wrong: Azure VPN Gateway requires VPN client software and is more complex to manage than an application proxy; it also does not provide granular conditional access policies.
- D
Deploy Microsoft Entra Domain Services to extend the on-premises domain to Azure for authentication.
Why wrong: Microsoft Entra Domain Services provides managed domain services but does not provide remote application access; it is not the appropriate solution for this scenario.
Quick Answer
The answer is to use Microsoft Entra Application Proxy to publish the loan origination application for remote access. This is correct because Entra Application Proxy provides secure remote access to on-premises apps without requiring a VPN, enabling conditional access policies and seamless integration with Azure AD for authentication and authorization. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this question tests your ability to differentiate between remote access solutions—Entra Application Proxy is specifically designed for per-user, app-level access to internal applications, whereas Azure Front Door handles global load balancing and Azure VPN Gateway creates site-to-site tunnels. A common trap is confusing these services, but remember: if the requirement is remote access for individual users to a specific on-premises app, Entra Application Proxy is the direct fit. Memory tip: “Proxy for people, VPN for pipes.”
SC-100 Practice Question: Design security solutions for applications and data
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security solutions for applications and data. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your organization, Contoso Ltd., is a multinational financial services company that handles sensitive customer financial data. They are migrating a critical loan origination application from on-premises to Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS). The application uses SQL Server on Azure VMs for data storage. Compliance requirements mandate encryption at rest and in transit, and data classification labels must be applied automatically to all financial documents stored in Azure Blob Storage. The security team wants to use Microsoft Defender for Cloud to monitor for misconfigurations and threats. You need to design a security solution for the application and data that meets these requirements. Which of the following actions should you take first?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue:
"first"Why it matters: Order matters here. You are being tested on which action comes before the others — not which action is generally useful.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Use Microsoft Entra Application Proxy to publish the loan origination application for remote access.
Option C is correct because Entra ID Application Proxy is designed for secure remote access to on-premises applications without a VPN, and it supports conditional access policies for the loan origination application. Option A is wrong because Azure Front Door is a global load balancer and CDN, not a secure remote access solution. Option B is wrong because Azure VPN Gateway creates site-to-site VPN, not per-user remote access. Option D is wrong because Microsoft Entra Domain Services provides domain services but not remote application access.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Use Microsoft Entra Application Proxy to publish the loan origination application for remote access.
Why this is correct
Microsoft Entra Application Proxy provides secure remote access to on-premises web applications without a VPN, and it integrates with conditional access policies for additional security.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "first" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- ✗
Deploy Azure Front Door with WAF policies in front of the loan origination application.
Why it's wrong here
Azure Front Door provides global load balancing and web application firewall, but it does not provide secure remote access for internal applications; it is typically used for internet-facing applications.
- ✗
Configure Azure VPN Gateway to allow site-to-site VPN connections from employee home offices.
- ✗
Deploy Microsoft Entra Domain Services to extend the on-premises domain to Azure for authentication.
Why it's wrong here
Microsoft Entra Domain Services provides managed domain services but does not provide remote application access; it is not the appropriate solution for this scenario.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Trap categories for this question
Scenario analysis trap
Microsoft Entra Domain Services provides managed domain services but does not provide remote application access; it is not the appropriate solution for this scenario.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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Design security solutions for applications and data — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SC-100 question test?
Design security solutions for applications and data — This question tests Design security solutions for applications and data — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Use Microsoft Entra Application Proxy to publish the loan origination application for remote access. — Option C is correct because Entra ID Application Proxy is designed for secure remote access to on-premises applications without a VPN, and it supports conditional access policies for the loan origination application. Option A is wrong because Azure Front Door is a global load balancer and CDN, not a secure remote access solution. Option B is wrong because Azure VPN Gateway creates site-to-site VPN, not per-user remote access. Option D is wrong because Microsoft Entra Domain Services provides domain services but not remote application access.
What should I do if I get this SC-100 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "first". Order matters here. You are being tested on which action comes before the others — not which action is generally useful.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026
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