The correct answer is to create a Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policy to detect credit card numbers and block sharing. Microsoft Purview DLP policies are designed to automatically scan SharePoint Online documents for sensitive information types, such as credit card numbers, using built-in data classifiers, and then enforce protective actions like blocking external sharing or notifying users. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this scenario tests your understanding of when to use DLP versus sensitivity labels or Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps—a common trap is confusing DLP’s automatic pattern detection with label-based classification, which requires manual application or auto-labeling rules. Remember the memory tip: DLP is for detection and action on data patterns, while labels are for persistent classification and protection.
SC-100 Practice Question: Design security solutions for applications and data
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security solutions for applications and data. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your company uses Microsoft Purview to classify and protect sensitive data. You need to automatically detect and protect credit card numbers in documents stored in SharePoint Online. Which solution should you implement?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Create a Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policy to detect credit card numbers and block sharing.
Option B is correct because Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policies can automatically detect sensitive info types like credit card numbers and apply protection actions. Option A is wrong because Sensitivity labels require manual application or can be auto-labeled but DLP is more direct for detection. Option C is wrong because Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps focuses on cloud app security, not document classification. Option D is wrong because Azure Information Protection (now part of Purview) is for labeling, not automatic detection of specific data patterns.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
Configure Azure Information Protection to automatically apply protection.
Why it's wrong here
AIP is for labeling, not automatic detection of specific patterns.
✗
Apply a sensitivity label that encrypts documents with credit card numbers.
Why it's wrong here
Sensitivity labels can auto-classify but DLP is better for detection.
✓
Create a Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policy to detect credit card numbers and block sharing.
Why this is correct
DLP policies detect sensitive data and enforce actions.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
Use Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps to scan documents for credit card numbers.
Why it's wrong here
Defender for Cloud Apps is for shadow IT, not document classification.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A cloud solutions architect for a retail company is evaluating services for a new workload. The correct answer here reflects best practice for the specific scenario described — not a general cloud recommendation. NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated. Cloud exam questions reward reading the constraint carefully: the same technology can be right or wrong depending on the use case.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this SC-100 question in full detail.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Design security solutions for applications and data — This question tests Design security solutions for applications and data — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create a Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policy to detect credit card numbers and block sharing. — Option B is correct because Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policies can automatically detect sensitive info types like credit card numbers and apply protection actions. Option A is wrong because Sensitivity labels require manual application or can be auto-labeled but DLP is more direct for detection. Option C is wrong because Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps focuses on cloud app security, not document classification. Option D is wrong because Azure Information Protection (now part of Purview) is for labeling, not automatic detection of specific data patterns.
What should I do if I get this SC-100 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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